The Ministry of Labor has approved new standards for moving heavy objects in the workplace. So, for women they are fixed at 15 kilograms. The department is confident that the new standards will help reduce occupational injuries and increase the professionalism of workers. How to properly take on additional weight and how this can affect your health, the correspondent found out Olga Belyaeva.
Labor Code norms, adopted back in the mid-90s, ordered women to lift weights by hand weighing no more than 7 kilograms, and move on a cart no more than 10. The maximum permissible norm when lifting weights should not exceed 15 kilograms, and if the load was lifted to a height of more one and a half meters, then it dropped to 10 kilograms. The new norms allow women to lift 15 kilograms at a time, and men - 50.
The fact is that industry instructions allowed women to lift weights and more significant ones - 20, and in some cases - up to 50 kilograms, the Deputy Director of the Department of Labor Conditions and Safety of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation explained to us Tatyana Zhigastova. But they were advisory in nature. The minister's order is mandatory. And fixing the 15-kilogram bar is a step towards women engaged in hard work.
“Loading work is carried out in compliance with the maximum permissible standards: for women - no more than 15 kilograms per single lift. In 1982, it was also 15 kilograms, but when alternating with other work. And in 1932, the standards allowed for women to carry on a flat surface up to 20 kilograms, and on a wheelbarrow - up to 50".
Director of the Institute of Social Policy of the Higher School of Economics Sergey Smirnov doubts that in conditions of moving heavy objects.
“It can be written down as a kind of guarantee, but you can’t put scales at every workplace during loading and unloading. And then - the same employer can always agree with the same woman that she lifts 17 kilograms - well, such packaging, let’s say. Will it be does the fine system work? To be honest, I doubt it."
Be that as it may, heavy physical activity affects the health of workers. And doctors urge people to remember the danger of diseases such as osteochondrosis, vertebral hernia, joint diseases, varicose veins, and heart failure. The female body is generally incompatible with moving heavy objects, says gynecologist, director of the Women's Medical Center Tatiana Kuznetsova.
“My opinion is that it is not recommended for a woman to carry more than 5 kilograms. And 15 kilograms is a lot. This can lead to dysfunction of the spine, to intervertebral hernias. And most importantly, to prolapse of the genital organs.”
Previously, the standards for moving heavy loads specifically stipulated the working conditions of teenagers: they were not recommended to lift a load of more than 4 kilograms and carry heavy loads for more than a third of the working time. A new order from the Minister of Labor excludes persons under 18 years of age from the list of longshoremen. Those admitted to loading and unloading operations are recommended to undergo a mandatory medical examination and carefully study the labor safety leaflet.
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In order to protect the health of workers, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation limits the employment of certain categories of citizens when carrying heavy loads.
Chapter 41. Article 253.
... It is prohibited to employ women in jobs that involve manually lifting and moving heavy loads that exceed the maximum permissible standards for them.
Lists of productions, works and positions with hazardous and (or) dangerous conditions labor, where the use of women’s labor is limited, and the maximum acceptable standards loads for women when lifting and moving heavy objects manually are approved in the manner established by the Government Russian Federation taking into account the opinion of the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations (as amended by the Federal Law of June 30, 2006 N 90-FZ - Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2006, N 27, Art. 2878).
Chapter 42. Article 265.
… Carrying and movement by workers under the age of
Eighteen years of hardships exceeding those established for them
Limit standards. The list of jobs in which the employment of workers under the age of eighteen is prohibited, as well as maximum weight standards, are approved in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, taking into account the opinion of the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations.
Norms are extremely permissible loads for women when lifting and moving heavy objects manually are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on February 6, 1993 and include the following requirements: when lifting and moving heavy objects in cases where the work performed alternates with other work (up to 2 times per hour), the maximum permissible weight of the load is 10 kg; when lifting and moving heavy objects constantly during a shift - 7 kg; the amount of dynamic work performed during each hour of a work shift should not exceed: work surface- 1750 kgm, from the floor - 875 kgm.
The weight of the lifted and moved cargo includes the weight of the container and packaging. When moving loads on trolleys or in containers, the applied force should not exceed 10 kg. These standards are mandatory for use from the moment they are put into effect during development project documentation design, engineering and technological organizations. From this time on, the standards must also be observed in work where lifting and moving heavy loads manually is not due to technological processes or the characteristics of the machines and equipment used.
As for organizations where the application of these standards requires preliminary measures to mechanize the work performed by women, they are allowed to gradually introduce standards for carrying and moving heavy loads manually.
The standards approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions dated January 27, 1982, provide for in cases of lifting and moving heavy objects manually when alternating this work with another, a maximum permissible weight of 15 kg, with constant lifting and moving heavy objects during a work shift and when lifting heavy objects at height more than 1.5 m - 10 kg. The total weight of goods moved during a work shift should not exceed 7000 kg. The load standard includes the weight of containers and packaging. When moving loads on trolleys or containers, the applied reinforcement is only allowed within 15 kg. Limit standards for carrying and moving heavy objects by persons under 18 years of age approved. mandatory decree of the People's Commissariat of Labor of the RSFSR dated March 4, 1921 and are: for male adolescents from 16 to 18 years old - 16.4 kg, for female adolescents from 16 to 18 years old - 10.25 kg. At the same time, it has been established that the carrying and movement of heavy objects by adolescents of both sexes within the limits of the specified norms is allowed only in those cases if they are directly related to the constant work performed by the adolescent. professional work and take up no more than a third of their working time. Persons under the age of 18 should under no circumstances be assigned to work that consists solely of carrying or moving heavy objects weighing more than 4.1 kg.
Restrictions on lifting and carrying heavy objects for males are established by the rules of loading and unloading operations. In accordance with the Hygienic requirements for the organization technological processes, production equipment and working tools (SP 2.2.2.1327-03), approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on May 23, 2003, and the Guidelines for Hygienic Assessment of Factors working environment and the labor process. The criteria and classification of working conditions (R 2.2.2006-05), approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on July 29, 2005 (these regulatory legal acts have higher legal force compared to POT RM 007-98), the maximum permissible weight of the load when lifting and moving (one-time) weights when alternating with other work (up to 2 times per hour) for men is: up to 15 kg ( optimal conditions labor - light physical activity);
Up to 30 kg (permissible working conditions - average physical activity); up to 35 kg (harmful working conditions - hard work of the 1st degree); more than 35 kg (harmful working conditions - hard work of the 2nd degree), and the maximum permissible load weight for men when lifting and moving (one-time) weights constantly during a work shift is: up to 5 kg (optimal working conditions - light physical activity); up to 15 kg (permissible working conditions - average physical activity); up to 20 kg (harmful working conditions - hard work of the 1st degree); more than 20 kg (harmful working conditions - hard work of the 2nd degree).
Representatives of the fair sex should not carry heavy loads, insists the Ministry of Health of Belarus. How many kilograms were allowed to lift a beautiful lady in our country?
For some women, the work is literally hard, that is, during the work shift she has to carry goods, boxes, and carry heavy bags. If such work is allowed, then the relevant standards must be observed. The Ministry of Health has determined the norms for lifting weights manually for women, the text of the document was published on the National Legal Internet Portal.
No more than 7 kilograms can be lifted and move constantly during the work shift. In total, during each hour, the mass of goods moved from the working surface should not exceed 350 kilograms, from the floor - 175 kg.
When alternating with other work, lifting and moving heavy objects is allowed up to 2 times per hour no more than 10 kg. By the way, housewives, take note of this norm: carrying bags over 10 kilograms from the store is harmful.
As the correspondent was assured by the Minsk City Administration of the Department of State Labor Inspection of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus, violations of the norms for moving heavy objects do not occur often. The number of complaints is small, and the results of inspections indicate that women in the capital are not abused by overwork.
Employers must be responsible for ensuring compliance with working conditions. For example, at Belposhta the majority of employees are women. They have to deliver every day a large number of letters, newspapers and parcels. As the company said, the work of postmen is structured in such a way that a female postman takes no more than 7 kilograms with her in one pass. She delivered it and returned and took the next bundle of correspondence. Heavy parcels are delivered by car and carried to the apartment by several people.
Knowing the specifics of the work of the same sellers, it is difficult to believe that they never have to lift objects exceeding 10 kilograms. This is not to mention the rural workers. Conclusion: our women are patient and hardy; they will not complain about their difficult lot. But they have the right.
Dear ladies, if you are forced to carry objects that weigh more than normal, you can safely file a complaint. These issues are within the competence of the territorial divisions of the Department of State Labor Inspection of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus. If your problem requires the intervention of other structures of the Ministry of Labor, the application will be redirected according to the “one window” principle. Just stock up on facts, witnesses and patience for the trial.
Olga Artishevskaya
Notes:
The mass of the lifted and moved cargo includes the mass of containers and packaging.
When moving loads on trolleys or in containers, the applied force should not exceed 10 kg.
10. Peculiarities of labor regulation for women and adolescents
Peculiarities of labor regulation - norms that partially limit the application of general rules or provide additional rules for individual workers, are spelled out in Chapters 41 and 42 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Articles 63, 64 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion employment contract allowed with persons over 16 years of age.
An employment contract can be concluded by persons who have reached the age of 15 to perform light work that does not cause harm to their health.
With the consent of one of the parents (guardian) and the guardianship authority, an employment contract can be concluded with a student who has reached the age of 14 to perform light labor in his free time that does not harm his health and does not disrupt the learning process.
It is prohibited to refuse to conclude an employment contract to women for reasons related to pregnancy and the presence of children.
At the request of a person who is denied an employment contract, the employer is obliged to provide the reason for the refusal in writing.
The use of women's labor is limited to hard work and work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, as well as underground work, with the exception of non-physical work on sanitary and consumer services.
It is prohibited to employ women in jobs involving lifting and moving heavy loads that exceed the maximum permissible standards for them.
Pregnant women, in accordance with a medical report and at their request, have production standards and service standards reduced, or these women are transferred to another job that eliminates the impact of adverse production factors, while maintaining the average earnings for their previous job.
Women with children under the age of one and a half years, if it is impossible to perform the previous job, are transferred at their request to another job with wages for the work performed, but not lower than the average earnings for the previous job until the child reaches the age of one and a half years.
Sending on business trips, involving in overtime work, night work, weekends and non-working holidays of women with children under the age of three years, as well as mothers and fathers raising children under the age of five without a spouse, workers with disabled children are allowed only with their written consent.
Termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer with pregnant women with children under three years of age, single mothers raising a child under fourteen years of age (a disabled child under eighteen years of age) is not allowed, except in cases of liquidation of the organization or termination of activities by an individual entrepreneur.
