Bathroom and toilet are rooms with permanent high level humidity, which serves as a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria and mold. A ventilation system for these premises is not a nice addition, but a necessity!

A bathroom and toilet hood installed in accordance with all the rules allows you to remove excess moisture, preventing damage to walls, furniture and interior elements.

The hood in the toilet and bathroom can be either natural or forced, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Natural

The movement of air flow during natural ventilation occurs due to the difference in air temperatures inside and outside the room.

To enhance the draft at the outlet of the ventilation duct, a special device can be installed - a deflector, which improves the operation of ventilation in windy weather.

Natural ventilation systems are inexpensive, easy to install and maintain, and do not require energy supply.

Natural exhaust in the bathroom and toilet is a simple and economical solution to the problem of ventilation if there is good draft. At the same time, one cannot ignore its shortcomings:

• unstable operation in hot weather, in which there is no required temperature difference;
• high sensitivity to clogging of ventilation ducts.

Forced

If for one reason or another the natural exhaust hood does not work, you have to install forced ventilation.

Forced air removal is carried out using fans or other devices. Forced-type hood for toilets and bathrooms does not depend on external conditions, and with the correct selection of the fan model, it can operate in any mode.

The disadvantage of forced ventilation is the need for electricity and the need to lay wires to each fan.

There are two simplest ways to check the operation of the hood in the bathroom and toilet without the use of special equipment - using a candle or a sheet of paper.

A burning candle is brought to the ventilation duct - when ventilation is running, the flame deflects, indicating the direction of air flow. In the absence of draft, the flame remains vertical.

The ventilation system in a house is an important component. Without good ventilation in the bathroom appears bad smell, mold and mildew, which negatively affect human health and life, reduce the service life of plumbing fixtures and washing machine, and they also lead to the destruction of walls.

If you do not want to breathe stale air and fight black mold on the walls, then you need to install a hood in the bathroom. This is the “wettest” place in the house; condensation constantly settles here on the surface of walls, mirrors, plumbing fixtures and furniture. In the absence of good ventilation, moisture accumulates and spoils the finish of the entire room, creating an unpleasant odor and mold stains.

Video about the hood in the bathroom:

Natural and forced ventilation

Depending on the specific conditions in the house, natural and forced ventilation are distinguished. Natural ventilation is included when designing a house - in rooms with ventilation, special channels are provided that lead to the attic. Such ventilation ducts are lined with bricks or special plastic pipes are used.

Tips for installing a natural hood in the bathroom:

• one air duct should be used for one room;
• It is better to design air ducts vertically;
• if the bathroom, toilet, kitchen and sauna are located on the same floor, then combining the hood into one channel is allowed;
• the combined channel should be made as smooth as possible, since the hood is low-pressure and nothing should interfere with the air - neither protrusions, nor sharp turns. If bends cannot be avoided, then make it smooth, with a radius of at least 10 cm.

If your mirrors constantly fog up, condensation accumulates on the walls and the room is damp, then your ventilation system is not working properly. To check functionality ventilation duct bring a lit match to the air exchanger grille - if it goes out or reaches towards the grille, then everything is in order with the ventilation. And if the match continues to burn and reacts poorly to draft, then the ventilation has problems. In such cases, forced ventilation is installed. It must be installed if the operation of the natural exhaust is ineffective or it is out of order, and it is impractical to repair it. Also, such a hood is appropriate if you plan to install an electric sauna in the bathroom.

It is worth paying attention that when installing a hood in a bathroom, it is necessary to provide for a gap under the door (up to 2 cm thick). You can install a special grille on it (sold in hardware stores or make it yourself); you can also buy a bathroom door with a grille already provided. Without such a gap, the efficiency of the hood will be zero.

When installing a forced hood in the bathroom, it is installed. Today, manufacturers offer a wide range of bathroom fans, differing in shape and size, but the same operating principle. Experts advise purchasing axial fan models with a removal capacity of 60-250 cubic meters of air per hour.

Some characteristics of exhaust fans

Electrical appliances intended for bathrooms have a high class of protection against humidity. They are designated by IP marking and number. The higher the number, the higher the level of protection of the electrical appliance. It is recommended to choose marking models not lower than IP 34.

Modern bathroom exhaust fans are equipped with a motion sensor, meaning the system only turns on if someone is in the bathroom. Humidity sensors, also built into the device, automatically turn on the system if the amount of water vapor in the air increases. Some fan models have built-in timers that regulate the operating time of the system. The automation of devices allows you to save energy resources. But no matter how modern the ventilation system is, no one has yet come up with absolutely silent models. True, today models are produced that operate quietly and do not cause irritation to humans. If you think that your hood is quite noisy, you can install a special silencer or line the upper part of the ventilation duct with sound-absorbing material.

To prevent air from entering from other rooms, a ventilation hood is installed with check valve. Often this system is used in multi-storey buildings.

Installing a hood in the bathroom with your own hands

Installing an exhaust fan is not a difficult or time-consuming process. But it is better not to trust the installation to a person who has no experience working with electrical circuits, but to entrust this task to specialists.

Installing a hood in a bathroom involves several steps:

• cabling;
• expansion of the ventilation duct (as necessary);
• connecting the hood to the electrical network;
• installing a hood in the ventilation duct;
• blowing polyurethane foam empty space;
• as needed - putty (only if the hole size is larger than the size of the ventilation grille).

Carefully consider the choice of connection diagram for the exhaust fan, because it is not always possible or advisable to remake it.

Today, fan manufacturers offer various ways connection to the electrical network. Often this is a switch built into the body of the hood, usually a cord hanging from the body. By pulling it, you turn the device on or off. But if the fan is installed under the ceiling, turning it on and off will be inconvenient.

The following method of turning on the device can occur together with a light source - when the light is turned on, the hood turns on, when turned off, it turns off. This method has disadvantages - the fan may not have time to refresh the air during the time that the lighting is turned on; when visiting the bathroom at night, the annoying noise of the fan can wake up household members.

Another connection method is two-gang switch. At the entrance to the bathroom, install this type of switch - one key will be responsible for turning on the lighting, and the second for the exhaust fan. The diagram shows how to do this.

When laying wiring, it is important to follow safety precautions. Before starting work, make sure that the power supply is turned off. When connecting wire contacts, use special terminals; they make the contact more reliable. To the location where the ventilation is installed, carry out copper wiring. To disguise the wires, run them into a plastic box. Having connected the device to the power supply, you can begin to mount the fan. To do this, you must carefully follow the recommendations in the instructions for the hood. Basically the sequence of fan mounting is as follows.

The bathroom in an apartment is the wettest place, and the closest attention should be paid to its ventilation. Regular water procedures residents, produce saturated water vapor.

It condenses on the walls and ceiling, leading to dampness and the growth of fungi and mold. The hood in the bathroom should supply 25 - 50 m 3 / h of fresh air.

If the room is combined with a bathroom, then even more - about 50 - 100 m 3 . How to choose equipment and organize everything correctly.

Before buying anything, it is important to find out what types there are ventilation systems in the bathroom. There are only two of them:

1. Natural.
2. Forced.

Natural ventilation

Air flows are mixed and displaced due to pressure and temperature differences. You can ensure free circulation by simply opening the door, but this is not convenient, and humid air still remains in the apartment.

In apartment buildings houses usually have a common ventilation shaft. The entrance to it is closed with a grill, and the degree of cleaning and efficiency will depend on the condition of the channel.

In private homes channels for natural ventilation are laid during construction. However, you can make changes and install ventilation pipes in the attic in the finished building.

• The grill covering the hole should be located in the upper part of the room, and in the bathroom even the best option- ceiling.
• Several exhaust devices on the same floor can be combined into one exit.
• Surface inside ventilation pipes should be as smooth as possible.
• Duct bends and protrusions reduce circulation efficiency by 5% each.
• If turning is necessary, it must be made smooth.

Experts consider natural ventilation to be ineffective and advise avoiding its use for residential buildings (more suitable for country houses where people are not present all year round).

Forced ventilation

Sometimes forced exhaust is required in the bathroom. This type of ventilation is much more productive than the first. Involves application mechanical devices. Typically this is a duct or overhead fan that can turn on as needed, create draft and thus renew the air. Air ducts are also installed, which supply waste flow to the attic of a private house.

The fan only provides air exhaust. Its fresh influx should enter from the rooms of the house through open door or a gap under the door. But you can’t do forced ventilation in the bathroom!

Bathroom fans: types

There are two types of structures:

1. Axial.
2. Radial or centrifugal.

Axial

This is a classic impeller mounted on a shaft.

The impeller blades are made at a slight angle. The shaft is rotated by an electric motor.

Thrust is created and the fan sucks in the flow, passing it through itself and being cooled by it.

The design is popular and simple, but you need to make sure whether the pressure generated is sufficient.

Radial or centrifugal

The flow is sucked into the center of the device and enters the casing with blades. They are located so that a vacuum is created in the center, and thanks to centrifugal force, the air is thrown from the middle of the body to its edges and removed through the outlet pipe on the side wall.

Surface-mounted models of bathroom fans with a centrifugal principle operate more efficiently and quietly. They can pump volumes that axial models cannot handle.

You can also divide devices according to the level of completeness:

1. Basic.
2. Automatic (with sensors and timer).

Choosing a fan for organizing a ventilation system

The specifics of the room prompted designers to create devices adapted to high air humidity.

The fan runs on electricity, which means its housing must be completely sealed, and the structure must be reliably protected from damage by wet steam.

The International Electrotechnical Commission has developed reliability standards for electronic mechanisms.

It is designated by the letters IP and two numbers. The value of the first shows the level of protection from the penetration of foreign particles and objects (from 0 - an unprotected device, to 6 - even dust will not penetrate), and the second - moisture protection. The last indicator has 8 positions. Bath equipment should have a rating of 4 or higher (no need to try to find a device with a rating of 7 or 8 - such devices are designed to work underwater).

The ventilation device must come with a certificate indicating the safety level. It is recommended to take a device with IP-34 or more.

Power and Performance

These indicators are interrelated: the higher the power, the greater the productivity. Also, the accompanying documents may indicate what length of the air duct the device is designed for.

You can find out what productivity is needed by multiplying the volume of the bathroom by a number from 5 to 10.

Where 5 is the minimum value that can be used if one person lives in the apartment. 10 – the bathtub is used often, since a large family lives in the house.

If the fan is equipped with various additional functions to the maximum, its power should exceed the calculated one by 5-10%.

Typically, fans are economical devices, consuming only 7–20 W.

If you install a device with a large power reserve, this will cause a draft to be felt in the room, it will not have time to warm up, and the operating sound of these units will be louder.

Noise level

Of course, the fan blades create some sound when operating, but it is not as noticeable as, for example, kitchen hood. 30 dB and below is a completely acceptable indicator for these devices (the human ear perceives sound above 35 dB as intrusive).

Timer

Typically, ventilation devices for bathrooms are controlled mechanically (came - turned on, left - turned off), or operate in a continuous reduced mode.

The presence of a timer makes the fan semi-automatic.

It continues to function for some time after the owner has left the premises, after which it turns itself off.

Hygrostat

Bathroom hood with humidity sensor – very convenient option. A hygrometer or humidity sensor is the most preferred control method. A person sets a humidity threshold (usually from 40 to 100%). When this threshold is reached in the room, the fan will turn on automatically. Having both a hygrostat and a timer at the same time is common, but in practice, if there is a humidity sensor, it is preferred and the timer is simply not useful.

And in this topic everything is about the types and types of designs of the supply and exhaust system, as well as the characteristics of ventilation equipment.

Diameter

It is necessary to take measurements from the ventilation hole in the bathroom, or the diameter of the air duct if ventilation is being built in a private house. The seat size is usually 100 - 130 mm. The hole in the wall, of course, can be widened using a hammer drill, but why bother with this, it is better to choose the device in size.

Reverse

The reversible device periodically changes the direction of flow: either sucking out air or supplying it from the outside.

This unit was developed as inexpensive way organize supply and exhaust ventilation.

This can be done only under one condition - if the device exits into fresh street air, and not into the shaft of a high-rise building!

However, a reversible hood cannot be recommended for either toilets or bathtubs. Wet or saturated air with not the most pleasant odors will penetrate into living rooms.

Check valve

Its presence is especially important for city bathrooms connected to a common ventilation duct. This small device will prevent exhaust from other apartments from entering the house.

Appearance

Many manufacturers, such as Elicent and Electrolux, produce fans with a replaceable outer panel. They are the most different shades, which means the device can fit into the interior so that it does not catch the eye.

You need to purchase a model with a removable panel not only for design reasons, but also because it is much easier to clean!

How to install a hood in the bathroom?

The device body can be completely located in the exhaust duct (the grille is flush with the wall), or it can be mounted on a wall or ceiling.

For fastening, you can use dowels, liquid nails or self-tapping screws, depending on the surface material.

For example, in order not to drill into finished tiles, liquid nails are used. Excess glue is cut off with a knife after drying.

The number of attachment points should be minimal.

To reduce the noise level, you can apply sealant in a circle on the wall, around the hole (thickness - about 3 mm, the main thing is that the fan does not touch the wall).

The channel hole can additionally be lined inside with soft rubber.

Electrical part

Power supply rules:

1. There should be no exposed wires in the bathroom, even insulated ones. They need to be placed in recessed channels and “dressed” in a corrugated casing.
2. Many people prefer to connect fans to the light switch via a contact pair. For ease of repair, you can make a separate hood switch.
3. The switch should not be set to zero, but to phase.
4. If the device has a timer, two wires go to power and one to ground.

Bathroom hood – cost

You can buy a ventilation fan at prices ranging from 500 rubles to 7,000 rubles.

The difference between them will be in performance, power, size, and, of course, the presence of a thermostat and hygrometer.

On average, a good device can be purchased for 2 – 2.5 thousand rubles.

Installation of the device by a specialist will cost about 3,000 rubles (of course, a lot depends on the area and the specialist’s requests).

Conclusion

It turns out that such a complex problem high humidity and obscene odors can be solved very simply. Installing a fan will not take much of your effort and money, but it will be an excellent assistant in the fight for a comfortable microclimate.

When cooking food, by-products are released into the air, which are undesirable to breathe. will solve this problem, while this option is cheaper than others and the unit is easier to install.

We will look at popular models of air dryers in this review. Ballu, Timberk and other manufacturers.

Video on the topic

The bathroom is one of the wettest rooms in the apartment, a favorable environment for the appearance of dampness. An exhaust fan will help with this task.

Let's consider the basic rules for choosing a hood for the bathroom and toilet, installation rules and main characteristics.

Working principle of an exhaust fan

A bathroom hood is an ordinary ventilation system operating in forced mode. It includes two elements: a fan and an air vent.

But even such a simple design is capable of efficiently coping with its task. The operating principle of the hood is supply and exhaust.

Particular attention should be paid to the fan, because it bears the main load.

Types of fans

Bathroom hoods can be either electric or conventional. Electric bathroom hoods require minimal human intervention to function properly.

Conventional hoods are a type of electric fan in a tubular housing. Started with a switch. Very often it is combined with a light switch.

However, this is not the best option, since the hood will only work when the light in the bathroom is turned on. This is why it is best to use a stand-alone switch for the fan.

An automatic bathroom hood with a timer features an automated operating process and does not require human intervention.

They can operate from a shutdown or air humidity sensor. As soon as the air humidity reaches certain values, the fan turns on and turns off when the humidity data drops to normal values.

A great option is a bathroom hood with a check valve that allows you to regulate the air output and direction.

Another useful option is a special plug that prevents air from circulating in the opposite direction. This is most important for residents high-rise buildings, whose apartments very often receive unwanted odors from neighbors.

Selecting a hood

First of all, you need to decide what power hood you need. The amount of processed air directly depends on the diameter of the hood. Fans can have a pipe diameter from 8 to 15 cm. The newer the house, the larger the pipe diameter should be chosen.

Another important indicator when choosing a hood is the protection of the exhaust fan from moisture.

It's important to remember what to buy better model a hood that is specifically designed for the bathroom, as this will help you avoid future wiring problems.

Do not neglect noise indicators when purchasing a hood. The quieter a bathroom hood operates, the better quality it is. All that should be heard is the movement of air in the housing.

Try to choose reliable models that can last at least several years. Unfortunately, not all manufacturers can guarantee the quality of their products. As a rule, the longer the period warranty service, the better the quality of the product.

Exhaust fan installation options

There are only two options for installing a bathroom exhaust fan. Manufacturers of exhaust fans provide special fastenings that are located under the fan cover.

But in order to install self-tapping screws, it is necessary to make holes in the tile, which are located almost along its very edge. And such manipulations very often lead to unwanted cracks and chips.

The second option for installing an exhaust fan in the bathroom belongs to ordinary consumers. It is the simplest way to mount a hood to a wall using silicone.

Dismantling such a structure is also not difficult: just cut the silicone with a blade or a construction knife.

While installing an exhaust fan is a completely simple and easy process, the same cannot be said about connecting electricity.

It is necessary to pass wires coming from the distribution box into the ventilation shafts, on which the switch must be installed.

Thus, choosing and installing a hood for the bathroom and toilet will not be any hassle, and you can quite easily perform this simple procedure yourself - you just need to study the information presented above and the photos of bathroom hoods presented.

Photo of a bathroom hood

Maintaining the required level of comfort in the bathroom is a very important task. Constant humidity significantly reduces service life finishing materials, adversely affects the appearance of plumbing equipment and mirrors, promotes the appearance of mold and other fungi, and this negatively affects human health. Will help solve all these problems bathroom hood. Exhaust fan It comes in three designs: axial, centrifugal or radial.

Axial extractor hood in the bathroom it is equipped with simple impellers with an impeller and is usually made in a cylindrical body. In such a fan, the blades capture air flows and move them along the axis. Such fans are in demand due to their ease of installation and fairly high energy efficiency. Axial models are installed in the wall, directly into the hole in the ventilation shaft.

Centrifugal bathroom hood- a fairly recent invention. These devices combine simplicity of design and ease of use, as well as high power with low noise characteristics, thanks to which they have gained incredible popularity over their short history of existence. Installation of centrifugal fans is usually carried out in a flow-through ventilation system, under the ceiling. Such models can even be hidden behind plasterboard panels, which is especially important for rooms with high design requirements.

Radial fans are an impeller placed in a spiral-shaped casing. Perhaps this type of hood is the quietest and most economical. In addition, radial fans are unpretentious in operating conditions and can easily cope with performance overloads.

On the pages of our online store, customers can familiarize themselves with models from leading manufacturers bathroom hoods. Price prices for fans vary widely, so buyers with any income can find suitable equipment here. For the convenience of visitors, the catalog is equipped with product filters, with which you can quickly select extractor hood for the bathroom. Buy the device is not difficult: just a few clicks, and you already own the fan, after which all you have to do is wait for the delivery of your purchase. Delivery is carried out within the city Moscow, as well as to the regions.