In order for the water supply to be truly comfortable to use, it must have the appropriate parameters and characteristics. One of the most important parameters is pressure. The performance and serviceability of the pump, geyser, shower, washing machine and other equipment depends on this value. You can check the water pressure in the water supply with a pressure gauge.

First of all, you need to understand what pressure is measured and how it is designated. There are several units of measurement:

• the size of the water column. Measured in millimeters of water (mmH2O), it shows the pressure exerted by a column of water of normal density at a temperature of 4 ℃;
• technical atmosphere (at) is equal to the pressure of one kilogram of a substance per square centimeter, 1 at = 10 m of water. Art. There is also a physical atmosphere, which is slightly larger (by 0.033) and is designated “atm.”;
• the bar is designated as such (in foreign literature and documentation – BAR). It is equal to 1.02 atm, that is, almost one atmosphere. This unit is most often used in technical descriptions of devices and household appliances;
• pascal (Pa or Pa in foreign sources) is equal to the pressure of a force of 1 Newton on a surface with an area of ​​1 square. m. Converted to atmospheres 0.1019 kg/10000 sq. cm = 0.00001 at. This unit is used mainly in scientific calculations and is rarely used in everyday life;
• pounds per square inch - PSI (Pound-force per Square Inch). Equal to approximately 0.07 at. Indeed, 0.454 kg/(2.54 cm*2.54 cm) = 0.0704 kg/sq. cm. This unit is widely used abroad, and in Russia it is known mainly due to the scales of imported compressors for inflating car tires.

Measure the pressure in water supply network You can use a simple pressure gauge by connecting it to a break in any main water supply pipe or simply to any water dispensing equipment. The easiest way to measure is to connect a pressure gauge through a suitable adapter to the shower head hose.

Regulatory Requirements

For residential premises (apartments and houses), GOST sets the pressure value in the water supply system at which all consumer devices must operate normally. Subject to compliance with the standards, the maximum service life of pipelines, taps, mixers, etc. shut-off valves.

Important! The minimum pressure in water supply pipes in houses and apartments should be 2 bar.

At this pressure, all household appliances that use water work normally, and it is comfortable to take a shower from a regular mixer with a shower head.

Many modern washing machines and dishwashers, however, are equipped with inlet valves that are adjusted and open at much lower pressure. For example, equipment from LG, Samsung, Electrolux, Daewoo, Zanussi can operate at a pressure in the cold water pipe of only 0.3 bar. For household appliances of the brands Beko, Ariston, AEG, Indesit, Candy, Whirlpool, a pressure of 0.4-0.5 bar is required. This allows them to be used in a water supply system in which the water pressure is below standard.

Sanitary equipment - toilets, washbasins, sinks - operate at a pressure of 0.2 bar, but using them will be uncomfortable. Water takes a long time to fill the toilet tank, and a thin stream will flow from the tap. In these conditions, there is no point in thinking about taking a shower or using a hot tub. For a comfortable shower, at least 0.5 bar is required, and for a Jacuzzi - 4.0 bar.

Important! The maximum pressure value should be 6 bar.

At this pressure in the water supply, the functionality of all dismountable devices and pipes is ensured. At the same time, there remains a decent margin of safety in case of unexpected surges, because household pipelines are tested at a pressure of 10 bar during their manufacture. Long-term operation of household appliances and faucets under pressure of more than 6 bar leads to gradual squeezing out of gaskets and increased load on the ceramic parts of faucets. Therefore, the service life of the elements of the plumbing system will depend on the correct settings.

Decrease and increase in pressure

There can be many reasons for a decrease in pressure in the water supply, and first you need to find out them, and then begin to eliminate them.

Regardless of whether we are talking about city apartments or a private house, common cause low pressure become clogged limescale, rusted pipes. This happens from old age, when plaque accumulates over decades, and due to too hard water. In this case, the water supply needs to be changed to solve the problem differently. low pressure will not work.

It would be a good idea to invite a plumber who will check the condition of the filter, shut-off valves, and will also be able to correctly measure water pressure indicators.

If the pipes are relatively new, but in the apartment multi-storey building On the top floors the pressure is weak, then you need to contact a service company. It may be necessary to install a pump in the house after inspection.

In a private house or country house, the solution to the problem largely depends on the owner. When installing water supply, he will try to ensure that the pressure meets the requirements regulatory documents and at the same time provided a sufficient level of comfort for residents.

To create the required pressure, two options for organizing water supply can be used. The first is to use a water tank, and the second is to install a pumping station or pump that increases water pressure.

A reducer installed at the entrance of the water supply to the apartment (in apartment buildings) or a relay located on the hydraulic accumulator helps reduce the pressure. The adjustment is carried out in accordance with the instructions. You cannot reduce the water pressure to 1.5 bar; a value of 3-4 bar is considered optimal.

Water tank in a private house

With this method of ensuring normal water pressure, a tank with a volume approximately equal to the daily water consumption in the house is used. From it, water flows by gravity to the consumer through the water supply system. It is periodically pumped into the tank by pumps from a well or borehole. It is easy to automate such a system by installing water level sensors in the tank, which will send a signal to turn the electric pumps on and off.

Such a water supply system has a certain advantage. In the event of a pump failure or power outage, the tank will always have a daily supply of water available for use.

There are also disadvantages to such a system. The water tank is installed at a height that provides water pressure at the highest point of disassembly of at least 1 kg/sq.m. cm. To do this, the container must be located 10 meters above this very point.

This is where the main problem arises. It is easy to calculate that in order to ensure water supply to the top floor of a house 6 meters high (ordinary two-storey house), it is necessary to raise the tank by 13-15 meters, since collapsible fittings and household appliances are located on the second floor. The water tank will have to be installed outside the building. The climatic conditions of most regions will not allow the operation of such a water supply system in winter time without careful insulation of the tank and supply pipes, as well as without heating them.

It is advisable to use the option with a water tank if you design the installation of all consumers on the ground floor of the house, and install the tank in a heated attic or in unused compartments of the upper floor under the roof. Since the volume of the tank is quite large, if you install it in the living space of the house, it can take up quite a lot of usable space. But this option is also not always acceptable.

Pumping station

Most modern stations are capable of not only delivering water to the building, but also raising it to the upper floors. The presence of this possibility is evidenced by such a characteristic of the pumping station as maximum pressure. It is indicated in meters.

If the pressure provided by the pumping station is not enough to lift to the upper floors, install.

Pumping stations take water from sources through a suction hose, if the distance to the source and the depth to the top of the water layer allows the use of this method.

For each station the suction depth is indicated. This is the height of the liquid column that the pump can lift. Some of them are capable of lifting water by self-priming, that is, due to the vacuum created in the hose when the pump is turned on. Other models require installation at the submerged end of the hose check valve, ensuring constant availability of water in the sleeve.

Most pumping stations are designed to lift water from a depth of up to 8-9 meters. If you need to lift water from great depths, you will need a submersible deep well pump. It is installed inside the source and supplies water to the water supply system up to the level of the first floor. Then the pumping station comes into operation.

The role of the accumulator

A set of equipment for a pumping station for a private house consists of centrifugal pump And . The latter is a metal tank, inside of which there is an elastic membrane dividing it into two parts. When one part is filled with water, the air in the other is compressed. Thanks to this, the water in the accumulator and the entire water supply system is under pressure. If the pump cannot operate for some time, water can be used.

To ensure constant and uninterrupted pressure in the pipeline, an additional larger hydraulic accumulator is used, which is included in the pipeline.

Hot water in a private home is usually obtained by heating cold water in the water heater, and therefore the pressure hot water will be equal to the cold pressure.

After installing the pumping station, it is necessary to check the water supply parameters and adjust them in accordance with the standards. The pressure may need to be reduced. To find out its value, you can use a pressure gauge. The station is adjusted in accordance with its operating instructions.

Running water in the house is one of the blessings of civilization, to which we have become very accustomed and can no longer imagine life without it. Even in private homes, they figured out how to provide water to all bathrooms and the kitchen without carrying buckets. But, unfortunately, it happens that plumbing does not bring much joy - for example, the water pressure in the pipes is not enough to use household appliances, and washing dishes under a small stream is already a whole challenge. That is why the pressure in the water supply, determining the norm, ways to increase the pressure is an important topic and needs clarification.

Reasons for the decrease in pressure

The main indicator that the water pressure in the water supply system is not enough is liquid flowing out of the tap in a thin stream, even when the valve axle is turned all the way. This causes certain inconveniences - difficulties with washing dishes, doing laundry, lack of water in one place when other taps are turned on, and so on. What could be causing the water pressure to decrease? water pipes Oh?

The main reason is a decrease in pressure in the water supply system itself, which may be due to the following factors:

• clogging of water supply pipes (rust, salts, sediments inside the pipe, etc.);
• a leak, a water pipe break - because of this, water flows out of the entire system somewhere;
• purposeful reduction of pressure by the service company due to non-payment utility payments, carrying out preventive maintenance, emergency situations.

The first step if you have problems with water pressure is to call the management company that maintains water supply networks and try to find out the reasons. The company’s specialists must conduct an inspection and find out the situation. However, it may also happen that only you have problems with water pressure, while your neighbors are fine. In this case, the plumbing is most likely to blame.

After talking with your neighbors and finding out that they do not have such a problem, it is worth checking the shut-off valve that shuts off the water - maybe it is not fully open? Attention should also be paid to the condition of the tips of the ganders in the taps - they could be clogged and need simple cleaning.

Attention! If the residential building also has a filter rough cleaning for water, it can also cause low pressure. It is very possible that the filter is clogged - in this case, clean it or replace it with a new one.

Water pressure standards

Also, before calling the management company with claims, you should find out by what standards pressure is considered and what it should be. Main document, on the basis of which the organization is conducted central system water supply is SNiP 2.04.2-84.

SNiP 2.04.2-84. Water supply. External networks and structures. Downloadable file (click the link to open the PDF in a new window).

Water pressure is usually measured in so-called bars; 1 bar or 1 atmosphere (atmospheric unit) is the pressure created by a ten-meter column of water.

On a note! According to standards, the average pressure in ordinary apartment should be about 4 atm. But in reality it often turns out that the pressure is much lower. In private homes, the pressure in the pipes should be approximately the same.

Interestingly, the above data refers to one-story buildings. But when increasing the number of floors in the house, an additional 4 m should be added for each new rise - thus, you can also obtain an indicator of the required pressure for, for example, a typical nine-story building: 10 m + (4 m x 9 floors) = 46 m. ​​Thus, the pressure value the input water flow in the pipes of a building 9 floors high is equal to 4.6 atm. The higher the house, the greater the pressure. But if it is used to obtain water in a private house, then its depth will definitely be taken into account for making calculations.

According to regulations, the pressure in cold water supply pipes should vary from 0.3 to 6 bar, hot water - from 0.3 to 4.5. In general, for proper operation all the main elements of plumbing and household appliances, for example, in a private house there will be enough pressure in the pipes within 2.3-3.5 atm, and in an apartment - at least 2.5 atm. The ideal and generally accepted norm is a pressure of 4 bar.

On a note! The water pressure in the pipes is measured using special device- pressure gauge.

By the way, too high pressure water can also bring a lot of problems. Some types of equipment may break down, and mixers will wear out very quickly. High pressure can cause leaks. That is why it is important to choose high-quality plumbing fixtures that can withstand strong water hammer and sudden pressure changes.

water in the tap

Enter the results of two measurements and press the button "Calculate the pressure in the water supply"

atmospheric

ho - height of the air column before opening the tap , mm

he - height of the air column with the tap fully open , mm

Operating conditions for household appliances

The operation of household appliances related to water also depends on the pressure in the pipes. For example, a washing machine and dishwasher, hydromassage bath, heating boiler and much more. And each of these devices needs certain pressure levels in order to work properly. For example, the minimum pressure for a faucet in a bathroom, as well as in a shower stall, should not be lower than 0.3 atm, and for a washbasin and toilet cistern - at least 0.2 atm. The washing machine will not operate with a pressure below 2 bar, but for a jacuzzi you will need a pressure of at least 4 atm.

It is also important to remember that the water pressure in the water supply system must be sufficient when all plumbing fixtures and devices in the house are turned on at the same time. In a cottage, for example, in which a family of 4 lives and uses approximately 2 cubic meters of water per hour, the pressure should be at least 1.5 atm.

Attention! Lack of pressure in the water supply will not allow many appliances to function normally. At low pressure washing machine won't start.

Features of an autonomous water supply system

Often, residents of the private sector design an autonomous water supply system in their home. Usually the water pressure in it is less than needed, and questions arise about how to increase it. In most cases, water sources in the private sector are low-pressure or have no pressure at all, since the water supply system operates from wells or wells. To solve this problem, you should consider purchasing a special pump.

How to increase water pressure

Fortunately, it is quite possible to increase the water pressure as in an ordinary apartment apartment building, and in a huge cottage located in the private sector. This is achieved by arranging the so-called storage capacity or installing a special pump, which will force pump water. Let's take a closer look at each of these methods.

We use a pump

This device is suitable for use both in a private home and in an apartment. In this case, the pump is installed in an autonomous system only if it really needs it: for example, the water source well is too far away or the power of the main pump is simply not enough to create normal pressure so that the liquid can get, for example, to the second floor .

In this case, the pump is usually installed at the entrance of the water supply pipes to the house, that is, in front of the cross or the main collector. The main thing is to always remember that a strong vacuum is created behind the device, so the pump model should not react much to a large number of air in liquid. But in apartments, such a pump often becomes a device that provides a “disservice” to neighbors - the water in the apartment comes from a “common boiler”, and the pressure may not be enough for other residents of the house.

Table. Classification of pumps.

Type	Description
Manual mode	The switched on equipment will operate continuously and therefore requires supervision. It is important to turn it off in time, otherwise it will fail or overheat.
Auto mode	The device will be regulated thanks to a water flow sensor. If it is turned on, the pump will begin to function. Accordingly, when the flow is turned off, the device will turn off itself. Such a device is much more convenient than a manually switched one, since it does not require constant monitoring, is more economical, and will not work “idle”. And the device lasts much longer.

Pumps may also differ in their cooling method. For example, in the case of a so-called dry rotor, the device body will be cooled by a fan. Such a pump will create some noise. The second option is a wet rotor, where the housing is cooled directly by the liquid itself pumped by the device. This type of pump usually operates quietly.

Also, when choosing a pump, you should take into account that there are devices that are used for both hot water supply systems and cold water pipes. They are called universal. And there are pumps that can be used only for one type of system.

Fortunately, almost all pumps designed to increase pressure in pipes are relatively inexpensive. And their sizes are small, which allows them to be mounted almost anywhere in the room. And their installation is quite simple.

Note! A pump to create more water pressure will generally be able to raise it by no more than 30%. And it only makes sense to install them if the actual pressure in the pipe system is at least 1.5 atm.

We purchase a pumping station

This is a more serious setting for creating optimal pressure. , in addition to the device pumping liquid, it is also equipped with a special container, which is designed to accumulate water. Such installations are used if there is no water in the pipes or the pressure is very low. The storage tank usually contains as much water as the residents of the house need per day, that is daily norm consumption.

Pumping station

The pumping station works as follows: the pump pumps water for some time, filling the accumulator. And the liquid will fill the tank until a pressure of 2 bar or more is created at the outlet. Only then does the pump automatically switch off. The water supply system in the house is connected to the accumulator itself. Water reserves can be used. The pressure at the outlet of the tank is monitored by a special sensor, which also starts the pump when the pressure drops. How does this happen?

Install pumping station no longer as easy as a regular pump. The liquid storage tank requires a lot of space, and the unit itself needs regular cleaning, as plaque and sediment from water will appear in it. In general, storage tank can be installed on the roof, in the basement of the house, or completely buried in the ground on the site next to the cottage.

Such stations with pumps are usually used in “their” homes to create pressure in autonomous systems water supply They are not used in the apartment, as they create too much noise and take up a lot of space.

Note! The water in the container should not stagnate for more than two days in a row.

Video - Installation and startup of the pumping station

Installing a pressure booster pump

Installing a regular pump to increase water pressure in a city apartment is quite simple. At least if you have at least a little knowledge of plumbing and some construction skills. Work is carried out according to the instructions given in the table below. The simplest pump is installed directly on the water supply pipe.

Installation and operating instructions for the Grundfos UPA 15-90 pump. Downloadable file (click the link to open the PDF in a new window).

Table. Installation of a pump to increase pressure.

Steps, photo	Description of actions
	It is necessary to prepare all materials and tools. This is the pump itself, a gas wrench, pliers, adapters, a pencil, plumbing tow, an angle grinder, a die for cutting threads.
	On the pipe in the place where the pump will be installed, the pipe cut points are marked with a pencil - they will be located from each other at a distance equal to the width of the device together with the adapter.
	The flow of water is stopped, its remains are released through a water tap, then the intended piece of pipe is cut off with an angle grinder, and the threads are cut along the edges with a die.
	The threaded adapter is screwed onto the pipe using a gas wrench.
	Special fittings are screwed into the adapters, which are included in the kit for this model. And so they are called “Americans”. Thanks to them, the pump can be easily removed and put on.
	The pump is installed in its place.
	The pump is connected to electrical network using a cable. A three-core, double-insulated cable is laid into the bathroom and connected to a waterproof outlet, into which the device itself is plugged in.

It is worth remembering that when working with plumbing, it is important to seal all connections with plumbing tow or FUM tape for greater density.

All work on installing the pump can be done independently, without the help of specialists. The main thing is to be confident in your abilities and carefully check all connections before starting the system. Otherwise, there is a risk of flooding the neighbors if the pump is connected to apartment building. How to install , You can read in our article.

Clogged pipes are another possible reason pressure drop

In the process of arranging water supply, one of the most important issues is calculating the water pressure in the water supply system. Often, it is precisely because of its shortage that certain difficulties arise in the functioning of household appliances.

In order to avoid troubles, you will need to carefully study the pressure standards in the water supply system of an apartment building, as well as become familiar with methods for increasing pressure in pipes.

There are no strict standards regarding what pressure should be in the water supply system. The GOST standard predetermines that the acceptable value of this indicator should vary within 4 atmospheres.

At the same time, the standards are adjusted depending on certain conditions (region, number of floors of residential premises, etc.). The range of permissible values ​​is from 2 to 7 atmospheres, as well as up to 10 during the pressure testing period.

Measuring units, as well as instruments for measuring them, must be given Special attention. Modern technology is very sensitive to what pressure will be in the water supply system. If it deviates from the norm, the household unit may not turn on or may fail.

1. Bar or atmosphere: 1 bar = 1.0197 atm. This pressure measurement indicator is most often used in everyday life;
2. Experts calculate this figure in meters of water column: 1 bar = 10.19 m. Art.

Accurate indicators in accordance with regulatory documentation

SNiP specifies the most acceptable indicator of water pressure in a residential area: more than 6 atmospheres.

That is, if a person lives on the 22nd floor, in this case the water pressure at the moment of entering the apartment will be about 9.4 atm. However, when the water supply directly enters the apartment, this indicator should drop to 6 atm.

In addition, regulatory documentation stipulates water standards for each individual type of plumbing:

• For sinks and toilets – 0.2 atm.;
• For bath and shower – 0.30 atm.

Important! Maximum hot water supply in work area household plumbing should be no more than 4.5 atm.

What pressure indicator will ensure adequate water consumption?

Water pressure with an indicator of 2 atm. will be enough to:

• Wash or shower;
• To wash the dishes;
• Ensure stable operation of household appliances;
• For other needs.

The pressure in the system is 4 atm. necessary for:

• Use of a massage shower or jacuzzi;
• Watering the soil in a country house.

Note that in private houses the pressure must be such as to ensure the simultaneous use of water by several channels. In each channel, the minimum pressure value must correspond to 1.5 atm.

Important! Please note that the increase in pressure in the water supply system is up to 6 atm. can lead to rapid wear or breakdown of plumbing equipment. Therefore, when purchasing plumbing equipment to connect it to the city water supply system, it is recommended to choose devices that have a safety margin to withstand all kinds of surges in water pressure in the system.

How to increase pressure

There really is effective methods increasing the pressure level in the water supply system:

1. Direct installation of the pump in general scheme. The pump is designed to force a high level of water circulation. If a heating boiler is installed in the house, then pumps can be installed in the cold water supply system. This equipment can operate not only manually, but also automatically. Automatic installation has the ability to control the process of turning the equipment on and off. The use of such pumps can raise the pressure level to a minimum level of 1.5 atm. units;
2. Pumping stations. The use of this type of equipment is permissible in cases where there is a need to further increase the pressure level. As a rule, pumping units include special reservoirs that accumulate considerable volumes of water. When water is not being used, the installation pumps water into storage tanks. Such pumping stations operate in automatic mode.
3. Using a pump with a tank. This method consists in installing the container in the system at the highest point. This creates additional pressure.

Description of characteristics of pumping units

Pumps are divided based on the mode in which they operate:

1. Manual operating mode. Ensures the operation of equipment in continuous mode. This installation must be periodically monitored and turned off in time, since in the future this will prevent overheating and equipment breakdown.
2. Auto mode. To increase the water supply level, this type of pump is controlled by a special sensor. Immediately at the moment the water is turned on, the installation begins to function. Of course, the automatic mode is better than the manual one, since in the first case the equipment is reliably protected from operation when there is no water.

In addition to all this, settings are grouped as:

• Universal, which are used for hot and cold water supply;
• Specialized, which are used only for cold or hot water.

Pumping units are characterized by the following features:

• The compactness of their dimensions - they can be installed in rooms with a small area;
• Relatively low market prices.

Important! It is worth noting that this type equipment increases water pressure by no more than 30% of the total level. As a rule, installing pumps is very profitable provided that the current water flow pressure is about 1.5 bar.

Features of the functioning of pumping stations

Self-priming pumping unit comprises:

• Centrifugal unit providing increased pressure;
• Hydraulic accumulator (1-3 m 3);
• A special relay that provides system control.

If the pressure in the water supply of the house is normal, then the installation will not be activated - the relay will automatically activate it when the pressure changes below the permissible standard. The tank is filled at night, since at this time the water pressure in the water supply system of the house is much higher.

Such an installation requires more complex Maintenance rather than a pump that is mounted directly into the water supply:

• The need for more space to install equipment;
• The need for constant cleaning of the tank, since it is not recommended to allow the water to stagnate for more than 2 days.

Detailed calculations of the productivity of such installations must be obtained from the company that directly provides installation of the equipment. The modernization of the system according to the developed project is carried out by housing office employees or directly by the owner of the property, provided that he has the appropriate skills and experience.

It often happens that water flows from the tap with little pressure. In this case, various devices may not work at all or work incorrectly ( washing machines, water heating boilers, etc.), and in general, using water for bathing or washing anything is quite inconvenient. So with what pressure? tap water should go to the consumer?

Pressure standards

The required pressure is standardized by several documents at once. SNiP 2.04.02-84 determines the minimum pressure at the entrance to the building. For a one-story building, this figure is 10 m (1 atm.), 4 meters are added to each floor. The same SNiP indicates the maximum pressure already at the entrance to the apartment - no more than 60 m (6 atm), if the value is higher, then the installation of control mechanisms is necessary.

Directly near plumbing fixtures, according to SNiP 2.04.01-85, the pressure in hot water supply pipes should not exceed 45 m (4.5 atm. or 0.45 MPa).

Decree of the Government of Russia No. 307, describing the procedure for providing public services to citizens, indicates that in cold water supply systems at the point of water collection, i.e. in each specific appliance (faucet in the bathroom, kitchen, etc.) the pressure should be in the range of 0.3-0.6 MPa. For hot water this figure is in the range of 0.3 - 0.45 MPa.

Causes of insufficient pressure

• Emergency situations in the central water supply, as a result of which water is supplied to the house with insufficient pressure;
• Leaks and other malfunctions inside the house;
• Unregulated water supply system in the house;
• Old clogged pipes;
• Significant modifications to the water supply system made by one of the occupants. Water supply is calculated based on the configuration of the system, the number and types of plumbing fixtures used. And if, for example, in a residential building someone installs a car wash, a bathhouse, or some other institution with high water consumption that was not originally intended, then naturally the residents will experience problems with the pressure in the taps.

In case of insufficient pressure, you should contact the management company and utility service responsible for water supplies. Their representatives conduct an inspection, based on the results of which they are obliged to eliminate existing violations. During the period when the pressure in the pipes did not meet the standards, i.e. water supply service was poor quality, according to the already mentioned Government resolution, a change in fees for public utilities in the direction of decrease.

One way or another, every resident of a high-rise building is faced with such a problem as non-compliance with current standards for water pressure in the water supply in the apartment.

The essence of the problem is that water from the tap flows very slowly, and a person has to spend a lot of time to perform the most common hygiene procedures. Today we will tell you about what regulations regarding the supply of hot and cold water are currently in force and what measures a citizen can take in this case to protect his rights as a consumer.

This information is not secret, and it can be found on the Internet quite easily. If the user does not have access to the network, then you can contact the management company and get necessary information there.

Knowledge of the exact pressure indicators that must be present when water enters a living space is required to perform the following actions:

• preventing problems associated with breakdowns various connections, couplings, valves that make up the equipment;
• eliminating possible breakdowns of plumbing fixtures;
• determining the cause of disturbances in the operation of the system and reducing water pressure;
• for connecting new equipment and plumbing with more high level water consumption

In case of violation of standards installed equipment will quickly become unusable, an emergency situation will arise, and consumers will not be able to receive water in the required volume.

Provisions governing water supply rationing

The main document responsible for compliance with the norms for water supply to apartments is SNiP 2.04.2-84. According to the regulations, projects for future systems are being developed and pressure indicators that should be present in each apartment are subsequently determined.

For example, on the 1st floor the pressure should be 1 atmospheric unit (bar). That is, for an area of ​​1 sq. meter will exert a pressure of a column of water of 10 m. The indicators in an apartment building and in a private house are somewhat different. In the first case, for each new floor the inlet pressure increases by 4 m, or 0.4 bar. As an example, let's perform a simple pressure calculation for a 9-story building:

10 + (4*9) =46 meters, or 4.6 bar; for comparison, we give the calculation for a 3-story building: 10 + (4*3) =22 meters, or 2.2 bar, which is half as much.

The obtained indicators are the minimum values ​​of water pressure on the first floors of each building. For private houses, things are somewhat different, since such buildings usually do not exceed two floors. For this reason, the minimum value in them is 2 atmospheres.

Exact indicators at which household appliances will operate

If we are guided by the above SNiP, then the pressure standards in the MKD will be as follows:

If the standards are violated, citizens living in the premises have the right to file a complaint with the Criminal Code to recalculate funds. An important point is also the fact that plumbing equipment can function normally only at a certain pressure in the pipes. Each device requires its own indicator, namely:

Name of equipment	Indicators, bar
Washbasin + mixer tap	0,2
Bath + mixer	0,3
Shower cabin	0,3
Toilet + cistern	0,2
Bidet	0,3
Jacuzzi and hydromassage device	4
Washing machine	2
Dishwasher	1,5
Boiler	1,5-2,5
Irrigation system in a private house	3,5

In other words, in order for all the equipment installed in the apartment to function normally, the pressure in the pipes must be at least 2 atmospheric units. Optimal indicator The mark is considered to be 4 bars.

Ways to find out the pressure in the water supply and identify the culprit for the violation

You can measure the pressure in the system using a household device connected to a water source - a pressure gauge. For example, by connecting the device to a mixer, you can easily get the current reading and compare it with the current norm. If the indicator does not correspond, then this indicates two possible options: the water supply pressure from the common system or the faucet is clogged and needs to be cleaned.

If there is no pressure gauge, then you can use the old proven method - a transparent hose. For normal operation, there is sufficient pressure at which a 3-liter jar will be filled through the hose within 7 seconds.

When the problem is a simple blockage, it is enough to remove it so that the normal flow of water resumes, but it also happens that weak pressure- this is the fault of the management company, which does not monitor the quality of the pump or the condition of the pipes and risers in the house. In the latter case, you will have to file a complaint with the management company, and if the problem is not corrected, then with the prosecutor’s office and the court.

Conclusion

Water is supplied to apartments strictly in accordance with current standards. Violation of indicators is a failure to respect the rights and interests of residents by management company. If such a problem is identified, the injured citizen has the right to file a complaint first with the service company, and if there is no response from it, with the court and the prosecutor's office.