Sewing machines can seem intimidatingly complicated to those who don't know how to use them. Whatever the case may be, don't let the fear of the unknown operations and skills required to use a sewing machine stop you from creating textile wonders! Use this step by step instructions, which describes the mechanism, settings and operation of a sewing machine so that you can start creating things with your own hands.

Steps

Part 1

Learning the parts of a sewing machine

Find the power button. It may sound stupid, but locating the power button is the most important stage! It can be located in different places depending on the model of your sewing machine, but most often you will find it on the right side of the sewing machine.

Find the reel seat. This is the small plastic or metal stick that sticks out from the top of the sewing machine and is designed to hold the spool of thread.

Find the thread guide. The thread guide guides the thread from the spool mounted on the top of the machine to the bobbin winder. This is a geometric, metal section that sticks out on the top, left side of the sewing machine.

Find a bobbin winder. To the right of the reel seat is another, even smaller, metal or plastic pin, next to which there is a small horizontal wheel. This is a winder reel and its limiter. They work together (along with the bobbin and thread) and are designed to wind the thread onto your bobbin before you start sewing.

Look at the buttons that control the stitches. They can be in different places depending on the model of sewing machine you have, but they usually look like buttons with little pictures on them and are located on the front of the sewing machine. These buttons change the type of stitches you can use, the length of the stitches, as well as their direction (forward and backward). Check the instructions for your sewing machine model to find out what each button does.

Determine the location of the thread take-up. When you are ready to thread your sewing machine, you will begin to pull the thread from the spool at the top, through the thread guide, and then into the thread take-up. This is a lever (with two cut grooves) located on the front, left side of the sewing machine. Usually next to it you will see printed numbers and arrows, explaining to you how and in what order to thread the thread into the sewing machine.

Find the tension regulator. The tension regulator is a small wheel with numbers located next to the thread take-up. It controls the thread tension while sewing; if the tension is too high, the needle will bend to the right. If the tension is not sufficient, the thread will tangle. back side the fabric you are sewing.

Find the needle clamp screw. This is a metal tool that holds the needle while sewing. It is located under the sleeve of the sewing machine and is shaped very similar to a large nail. It attaches to the right side of the needle.

Find the paw. This is the metal part located under the needle holder and looks like tiny skis. When you lower the foot, it holds the fabric in place and guides it as you sew.

Find the presser foot lever and practice lowering and raising the presser foot. It should be behind or to the right of the needle holder and needle. To try the lever, lower it down and lift it up.

Find the needle plate. The needle plate is the silver pad located directly below the needle. Very simple, right?

Find the transporter. The feed dog is a small metal guide that is located on the needle plate, under the foot, and guides the fabric as you sew. You can find the feed dog by seeing two rows of metal underneath the foot.

Locate the coil limiter and releaser. The spool is a small bobbin of thread that is located at the bottom of the sewing machine and supplies the second thread to the needle, which is needed to create stitches on the inside. Under the metal plate is the spool stop, and there you will also find a button or lever that releases the spool. You will need it to secure the spool before you start sewing.

Part 2

Setting up your sewing machine

1. Place the sewing machine on a stable table, workplace, desk or a special stand for the sewing machine in front of you.

   Sit on a chair that is at an appropriate height relative to the table you are using. The sewing machine should be positioned so that its needle is on the left and the rest on the right, relative to you. You'll have to check a few settings first and become a little familiar with the sewing machine, so don't plug it in at this point. Insert the needle securely.

   The needle has a flat side, so it can only be inserted one way: the flat side must be facing backwards. On the other side, there is a groove at the bottom of the needle, usually located opposite the flat side of the needle. This groove always faces the direction the thread passes (the thread passes through this groove as the needle stitches up and down the fabric). Insert the needle as described and tighten the screw holding it securely. Install the coil.

   • Sewing machines use two sources of thread - upper and lower threads. The lower one is on the reel. To wind the spool of thread, place the spool on the upper spool pin, which is where the thread is wound. Follow the directions and wind the thread from the thread spool, passing it through the thread take-up, onto the bobbin. Turn on the thread winder and wait until it stops when the bobbin is completely wound.
   • When the bobbin is ready, place it in the designated place, under the needle, at the bottom of the sewing machine. Leave the end of the thread outside to insert it into the needle.

2. Follow the above internet link to get more details on how to wind and insert the spool. Thread the sewing machine.

   • The spool of thread located on the top of the sewing machine must be untwisted and attached to the needle. To achieve this, take the end of the thread and pull it through the thread take-up on top of the sewing machine, and then lower the thread down to the presser foot. There should be little numbers and arrows on your sewing machine to show you the order of the thread.
   • You can also follow the instructions provided on your sewing machine.
   • You can insert the thread into the needle from the right or left side, front or back. If your needle already has thread, this may tell you which direction to thread next time; if not, then find the last guide in front of the needle, it will be on the side from which the thread should be inserted into the needle.

3. Take out both threads. Run the scissors under the foot to release the ends of both threads. You should have two ends, one from the thread coming through the needle and one from the thread coming from the bottom spool.

   Plug the sewing machine into the outlet and turn it on. Many sewing machines have built-in lighting, which will help you determine if it is working and if it has electricity. The power button will often be located on the right or back of the sewing machine, if there is one at all. Some models of sewing machines do not have such a button and turn on as soon as they are plugged into a power outlet.

   • Also connect a foot pedal to the sewing machine. Place the pedal in a comfortable position under your foot.

Part 3

Sewing with your sewing machine

Select a straight stitch, medium size. Check your manual to see how to do this on your model of sewing machine. On this model, stitches are set by turning the lower knob on the right side of the machine until it clicks into place. Always set or change the stitch type with the needle raised and the fabric removed, as... she can move the needle.

• The straight stitch is the most popular stitch in sewing. The next most popular stitch is the zigzag stitch, which is used to finish the edges of the fabric and prevent it from unraveling and fraying.

1. Practice on bad material. Choose a plain fabric, not knit, for your first sewing experience. Do not use fabric that is too thick for your first attempts at using a sewing machine. Denim or flannel fabric is very difficult to work with because of its density.

   Place the fabric under the needle. Sew by placing the stitched material to the left of the machine. Laying the fabric to the right may result in uneven stitches.

   Lower your foot. Locate the lever behind or to the side of the needle that lowers and raises the presser foot.

   • If you lightly tug on the fabric that is pressed down with the presser foot, you will realize that it is being held quite firmly. When you stitch, the sewing machine uses a protractor to move the fabric at the correct speed. Therefore, there is no need to pull the fabric through the sewing machine manually; in fact, if you pull the fabric, it can cause the needle to bend or ruin your project. You can adjust the speed and stitch size using the buttons on the machine.

2. Keep the ends of both threads loose. For the first few stitches, you will need to hold the ends of both threads to prevent them from getting tangled in the fabric. Once you have stitched a bit, you can release the ends of the threads and use both hands to control the fabric and the sewing machine.

   Press the pedal with your foot. The pedal controls the sewing speed. It's like the gas pedal in a car, the harder you press, the faster the sewing machine will run. At first, press the pedal very slowly, just enough to start the sewing machine.

   • Your sewing machine may have a knee button instead of a pedal. In this case, use your knee to press it.
   • You can use the top wheel on the right side of the sewing machine to make it stitch, or you can move the needle by hand.
   • The sewing machine will automatically guide the fabric away from you. You can guide the fabric under the needle in a straight line or at different angles. Practice stitching straight and wavy. The only difference is how you bring the fabric to the needle.
   • Do not push or pull on the fabric that is under the needle. This may cause the fabric to stretch or the needle to break, or the seam may become caught in the bobbin. If you feel like your sewing machine isn't running fast enough, press the pedal harder, adjust the stitch length, or (if you must), buy a faster sewing machine.

3. Find the reverse button or lever and try it. It changes the direction in which the sewing goes, so the fabric will flow towards you instead of away from you. Typically, this button or lever is held on by a spring, so you have to hold it to continue stitching in the opposite direction.

   • At the end of the stitching, add a few backstitches on top of the last stitches. This will secure the stitching and help prevent it from unraveling.

4. Use the hand wheel to raise the needle to its extreme point. Afterwards, raise your paw. The fabric should now be easy to remove. If the thread pulls back when you try to remove the fabric, check the needle position.

   Cut the thread. Many sewing machines have a notch on the pin that holds the presser foot. You can cut the threads by holding them with both hands and running them along the notch. If you do not have a notch, or you want to cut the threads more accurately, then use scissors. Leave the ends of the threads in order to continue sewing the next seam.

5. Practice sewing seams. Pin two pieces of fabric, right sides together, right at the edge. The seam will be 1/2" (1.3cm) to 5/8" (1.5cm) from the edge. You can stitch fabric in one layer (and may want to do this to reinforce an edge, for example), but since the purpose of most sewing machine work is to join two pieces of fabric together, you'll need to get used to sewing multiple layers of material and using pins .

   • The fabric is pinned right sides together so that the seam remains on the wrong side. The front side is the side that will be outer after sewing is completed. On dyed fabric, the right side is usually the brighter side. Some fabrics may not have a facing.
   • Attach pins perpendicular to the line along which the seam will run. You can stitch directly over the pins and later easily remove them from the fabric, but this may damage the sewing machine, the fabric, or the pins. It is safest to remove the pins as soon as the needle reaches them, since if the needle accidentally hits a pin, it will break and the needle will bend. However, prevent the needle from hitting the heads of the pins.
   • As you follow the fabric, pay attention to where the material moves. Seams can go in different directions, but most sewing projects are trimmed afterwards so that the seams run parallel to the edge. Also, pay attention to the direction of the pattern, if your fabric has one, and lay the fabric so that the pattern runs from top to bottom on the front side. For example, floral or animal prints, or stripes or other patterns should go in the right direction.

6. Move to another piece of fabric. Use the hand wheel on the top right side of the sewing machine to guide the needle up before starting a new seam and when you remove the fabric from under the needle after finishing the stitch. This will raise the needle and allow you to move the fabric to work on a different part of it.

   • If the needle is not at the top, the thread may not give way if you pull on its end.
   • Look at the lines drawn on your sewing machine indicating standard size indentation from the edge. Typically the space should be 5/8" (1.5cm) or ½" (1.3cm). Use a ruler to measure. They should be marked on the needle plate (a flat metal plate with a hole through which the needle goes). If this is not marked for you, then you can make such a mark yourself using electrical tape.

• Take your time and try different stitches possible on your sewing machine. This is especially important if you are making buttonholes or intricate stitches. If your sewing machine doesn't offer a wide variety of stitches, don't worry. You can sew a variety of projects using straight stitches, zigzag stitches, or a combination of them. (A zigzag stitch is not as difficult a stitch as it seems. Just set your sewing machine to the zigzag stitch setting and your machine will do everything for you!)
• It will take practice until you fully understand how to control the sewing machine using the foot pedal, guiding the fabric under the needle, and maintaining a constant sewing speed. Even the best tailors practice first before putting the fabric under the needle.
• Contrasting red thread has been used in this tutorial to help you see better; however, if you are sewing a real project, the color of the thread should match the color of the fabric as closely as possible. Except when you want to highlight the thread color in the finished product.
• Cheap needles can create problems, but old or poor quality threads will definitely become a source of inconvenience. The choice of thread depends on the texture and weight of the fabric—standard cotton synthetic thread is ideal for medium-weight projects (approximately 40-60). Cotton thread must be mercerized to add more density. Otherwise, there is a risk of frequent thread breaks when sewing on high speed. Use synthetic thread for thicker fabrics, leather, and zama leather. Anything that becomes very dense with multiple layers always requires a thicker thread.
• If you're still confused, don't have the manual, or your sewing machine doesn't look like any other, ask a friend who knows how to sew or a consultant at your local fabric store or sewing machine repair shop for advice. They can teach lessons, or give paid consultations and workshops, or they can help you at the entry level if you ask nicely. If such a consultation helps you, then you will help the consultant by buying something from him.
• Look at the stitches. The threads should be barely visible between the two pieces of fabric. If there are places on your project where the threads are clearly visible at the top or bottom of the fabric, then this means that you may need to adjust the thread tension.
• Sometimes the thread tension may be fine and you just need to change the needle. The needle should not be used for more than sewing two complete sets clothes. Also, different clothing fabrics require different needles, thin needles for textiles and thin fabrics, thick ones for denim. The type of fabric you use will determine the size of needle needed.

Warnings

• Keep your fingers away from the needle. Do not thread the machine while the machine is running or place your fingers under the needle while sewing.
• Don't force your sewing machine to do the impossible. If the needle can't get through the fabric, then you're most likely trying to sew through too much fabric.
• Do not sew over the pins that hold the fabric together. This weakens the suture and may break the needle.

To sew up a torn item for a child, and the ability to use this technique in such cases is very helpful.

How to use an electric sewing machine?

If you see a machine in front of you for the first time in your life, it may seem very complicated and incomprehensible to you, but this is just a first impression. The mechanism is designed very thoughtfully, and many things can be done intuitively. But it’s better, before you start using a sewing machine to sew, to thoroughly study the rules of its use, because serious errors in operation can not only ruin the fabric or thing you are sewing, but also damage the mechanism.

How to install the shuttle on a sewing machine?

It is unlikely that you will be able to figure out how to use a sewing machine if you do not find out what this or that part is responsible for. What is a shuttle? The lower thread is wound around it. During operation, it rotates slowly, releasing the thread evenly. If you install it incorrectly, the thread will break, become tangled, or the tension will be too strong, causing the fabric to become taut. What else can happen if the shuttle is installed incorrectly is a needle breakage, especially if you stitch at high speed.

How to adjust the shuttle on a sewing machine? You don't need to configure anything special to use it. We simply install a shuttle with a beautifully wound thread in the lower compartment of the machine. The important point is how to understand which side to put it on, because it looks the same from above and from below. Be aware that the thread should unwind from the bottom. Most sewing machines have a help picture.

How to tension the bobbin thread on a sewing machine?

Many people mistakenly believe that the quality of the seam depends only on the top thread, but this is not entirely true - this moment is largely influenced by the level of tension of the bottom thread. There are two types of machines - with and without a removable shuttle mechanism. In a removable mechanism it is very easy to find the screw responsible for adjustment, but in a stationary one it is somewhat more difficult. In any case, we will need a small screwdriver.

To change the thread tension, use a screwdriver - turn the screw clockwise if you need to increase the tension, and counterclockwise if you want to decrease it. How to thread a sewing machine? There is nothing simpler - we insert our shuttle into the mechanism, pull the thread 5-7 cm, close the compartment. Now everything is ready to use.

How to tension the top thread on a sewing machine?

The next important point is how to tension the thread coming from the top on a sewing machine? Most models have a hint. First of all, we put the spool in place, then we move to the mechanism, and lastly, we thread the thread into the needle. The most important point is to adjust the tension of the upper thread, which will break if it is over-tightened, and dangle if it is the other way around.

The upper thread tension dial is a mechanism located on the front or side of the sewing machine. You need to rotate the wheel very carefully, smoothly, shifting the position to the very minimum, and after each rotation check the tension level. If the stitching pulls the weave upwards, it means the thread is too tight. If the places of the plexus are pulled down, the tension of the upper thread should be increased.

How to wind thread on a sewing machine shuttle?

When figuring out how to learn how to use a sewing machine, many are afraid of this moment - winding the thread onto the shuttle, because to do this, the shuttle must be removed, the operation of the upper mechanism must be changed, and both threads must be threaded again. But these actions only seem very difficult.

• Open the compartment located on the side or bottom of the case and remove the shuttle from the mechanism.
• We move to the back of the machine body, and near the pin for the reel we find the pin for the shuttle. We install the shuttle.
• Removes the top thread, unwinds a few centimeters from the spool, passes it through the thread guide and fixes it with several turns on the shuttle.
• Next, depending on the model of the machine, we find a switch, thanks to which, when you press the pedal, instead of moving the needle, the bobbin pin will begin to rotate. In most machines, this is a lever located at the back of the body.
• Thanks to the slow movement of the thread guide, the thread is wound onto the hook evenly.
• After the required number of turns of thread has been wound, remove the shuttle and put it in place, tighten the upper thread, and return the machine to its previous operating mode.

How to put the presser foot on a sewing machine?

The beginning of the actual stitching begins with the fact that we place the fabric under the needle and lower the fixing foot. How to do it? On the side of the foot there is a small metal lever responsible for its position. Having lowered it, we lower the paw. It is very important not to do this harshly, especially if there is no fabric underneath. Another serious point - you cannot store the machine with the foot down, this can damage it.

The function of the foot is to securely fix the fabric and prevent it from moving during stitching. At standard pressure ordinary fabric will not change position, but this cannot be said about elastic materials or elastic, to work with which the pressure of the foot must be an order of magnitude stronger. How to adjust the presser foot on a sewing machine in this case? For this purpose there is a wheel-regulator located in the upper part of the case. It is possible to understand what level of pressure is needed in a particular situation only through testing.

How to make a bartack on a sewing machine?

When studying the question of how to use a sewing machine correctly, you cannot miss the moment of fixing the thread, without which it is impossible to make an even stitch. Modern machines can do this on their own. Professional machines have a separate function that allows you to make a fastening, you just need to press a button. If your model does not have such a function, then to secure it you should make one stitch forward, switch to reverse, make a stitch back, then forward again.

How to change the needle on a sewing machine?

How to use a modern sewing machine if the needle suddenly breaks during the sewing process? Or if you need to sew very thin fabric, and this cannot be done if the machine has a thick needle. Therefore, it is important to know how to change it. On the side near the needle there is a small wheel on a screw, and this is the lock. We carefully rotate it and remove the needle. We take a new needle, insert it into the same place, hold it and fix it, and tighten the wheel. And then there shouldn’t be any difficulties with how to put the thread on the sewing machine.

How to operate a sewing machine?

Knowledge of how to use a sewing machine is enough to successfully turn it on, make several seams with normal thread tension, and even sew a small primitive thing. But in order to start sewing on high level, it is too little. In order for active practice to be beneficial, it is important to learn how to learn to use a sewing machine in each specific situation.

How to sew smoothly on a sewing machine?

In order to reassure the novice craftswoman, we note that even after studying in detail how to use a sewing machine correctly, most likely your seams will not be straight at first; this requires constant practice. But several important points This will help:

• It is always worth doing a bartack at the beginning of the seam - this will prevent the fabric from turning under the presser foot the moment you press the pedal.
• Choose a reference point - for example, it could be a horizontal pattern on the fabric or the edge of the canvas. You shouldn’t sew too much; reverse the removal so that the distance between the edge of the foot and the guide does not change.

How to sew with a blind stitch on a sewing machine?

How to make a blind stitch on a sewing machine? Unfortunately, not every machine is capable of this. You need:

• install a special foot, which is called a secret foot;
• iron the edge and turn it in about 0.5 cm;
• select a zigzag seam, set the desired step;
• We place the fabric under the foot so that the needle passes as close as possible to the folded edge;
• we make a seam.

How to overstitch on a sewing machine without an overlocker?

Every seamstress sooner or later has a question about how to overstitch on a sewing machine, and is it even possible to do it? Such work will look professional only if the machine has such a seam. But if you don’t have one, you can make a blind seam using a zigzag instead of an overlocker. The product will not look so professional, but this will not affect its practicality.

How to set up zigzag on a sewing machine?

If we are talking about a simple straight seam, then there are unlikely to be problems with how to adjust the stitching on a sewing machine - in extreme cases, the length of the stitches will be too long or small. With zigzag it's a little more complicated - here the needle doesn't move in a straight line, it moves to the sides, and incorrect seam pitch settings can cause it to move off the fabric.

An experienced seamstress, having used a machine for a long time, is usually able to determine visually where the boundaries of a zigzag seam will be with one step or another, but if you are just a beginner needlewoman, then you should not rely on the eye. Having set the seam size, you need to pull the top thread out of the needle, lightly press the pedal, allowing the needle to make several movements. This way you can easily see where the boundaries of the seam will be and determine whether this size is suitable for you.

How to sew with rubber thread on a sewing machine?

If everything is clear about how to sew an elastic band on a sewing machine - you just need to make a fastening and increase the pressure of the presser foot, then working with rubber thread remains something unknown for many people for a long time. To ensure that the product is evenly compressed, we do the following when working with a rubber thread:

• We draw lines on the fabric along which the stitching will go. There must be several of them, otherwise there will be no point in having an elastic band on the product. We choose the distance between them and their number, depending on the situation.
• We adjust the tension of the upper and lower threads - it should be as weak as possible.
• We get an even stitch without compressing the fabric.
• Now gently pull the ends of the rubber thread and get a soft, uniform compression.

How to sew thick fabric on a sewing machine?

It is also important to know how to use a sewing machine if you need to sew very thick fabric. Difficulties with thick fabric arise even at the stage of how to start sewing on a sewing machine - often from the very first stitches we get the following problem:

• the needle does not move;
• the needle breaks;
• the thread breaks.

What needs to be done in order to successfully and beautifully sew thick fabric or medium fabric folded several times?

• to work with thick fabrics, you should use a stronger thread;
• you will need a hardened special needle with a size of 90 to 100;
• The upper thread tension should be loose.

How to sew leather on a sewing machine?

Before we talk about how to properly sew leather on a sewing machine, let us note that not every machine is designed for this. IN ideal it must be an industrial design technique, or, in extreme cases, the instructions must contain a note stating that leather can be sewn on it. If this is not the case, be careful with your machine - working with leather can quickly damage it, so you should not use it.

To work with leather, you definitely need to buy special needles and a specific foot with a wheel that can smoothly move the material - it will shrink under a regular foot. Alternative option– put paper under the foot, but this is unlikely to be convenient. Threads for working with leather should be strong and elastic, but under no circumstances should they be nylon.

How to sew leatherette on a sewing machine?

How to use a sewing machine if we use eco-leather as a material? While working with natural leather can be detrimental to a machine, leatherette is a softer and more pliable material, and any technique can handle it. In this case, the needles must be very strong, and the threads must be strong and elastic. The only problem you may encounter is that a regular presser foot will stick to the surface of the material, so before sewing artificial leather on a sewing machine, you should change the foot to a special one with a wheel, like for leather, or put paper under the regular one.

In fact, any, even the simplest sewing machine can help you create a masterpiece. After all, the era of the great couturiers occurred in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, when sewing machines had just come into use and were quite simple. There was no talk of computer control or electric drive, but it was in those times that such great masters as Charles Worth, Elsa Schiaparelli and Coco Chanel lived and worked.

At the same time, it is foolish to deny that a good and correctly selected sewing machine significantly saves the time, effort and nerves of the master. How can you make the right choice, not get lost in the huge number of companies and models, choose from the list of functions what you need, and not pay extra?

Let's try to figure it out. First, decide exactly what you need the machine for. You just want to have it at hand so that you can shorten too long trousers yourself without running to the tailor every time, sew up a jacket torn by a child and hem new curtain, and are unlikely to aim for something more? Maybe you have a desire to sew carnival costumes for children - or are you ready to take a closer look at your wardrobe? If you are going to sew, then what? Summer dresses made of light fabrics, or coats and harsh jeans? Or maybe you are mainly focused on knitwear? Having decided, you can begin to choose the optimal model for your purposes.

Let's define the points on which a choice has to be made. Firstly, this is the manufacturer, secondly, the type of sewing machine, and thirdly - necessary set functions that will define a specific model. Let's start with the first one.

⇡ Manufacturer

Here, as in any other field, there are market leaders and little-known companies.

The most famous are Minerva, Bernina, Janome, Pfaff, Brother, Singer, Husqvarna. The choice among leading manufacturers is largely determined by personal preferences, the availability in the store of a selection of the machines themselves and additional accessories for them. You should also take into account the availability of service centers in your place of residence - with a high mileage of the machine, this factor begins to play a significant role.

With less well-known companies, everything is not so clear. Often, with the same set of functions, a machine from an unknown company costs significantly less. But, in addition to the obvious risk of getting worse quality, here you may stumble upon another pitfall: difficulties in purchasing additional legs and components. Little-known companies often have very exotic foot mounts or bobbin sizes. Therefore, if you still decide to save money, be sure to find out which accessories are suitable for this model, and whether you will have the opportunity to purchase them without unnecessary hassle and overpayments.

⇡ Types of sewing machines

All sewing machines are divided into industrial and household. Usually a household one can do a lot of things at once, and an industrial one can do one thing - but it can do this one thing very well and for days, years, kilometers - without breaking down. At least that's the idea.

However, industrial machines are unlikely to interest you, unless you intend to open a small sewing enterprise - they are very expensive, bulky and noisy in operation - so in this material we will concentrate on household ones. Household machines are divided into:

• electromechanical,
• computer,
• sewing and embroidery
• embroidery,
• overlockers,
• cover,
• carpetlocks.

What does all this mean, and which category should you choose?

1. Electromechanical sewing machines- the simplest of all. The entire internal filling of such a machine is mechanics, that is, levers, shafts and gears. Only the motor that drives it all is electric.

• 32 types of stitches
• semi-automatic loop
• vertical shuttle
• stitch length 4 mm
• stitch width 5 mm

The undoubted advantages of this type are reliability, low price, and inexpensive repairs in case of breakdown. Conventional electromechanical machines are inferior to computer ones in speed and number of functions, since technological features the designs do not allow for stitches of complex shapes, but are perfect for beginning seamstresses, or those who want to have a reliable assistant for small household needs. However, a coat, jeans, and a ball gown are quite capable of a good and properly adjusted electromechanical machine. The approximate price category of such machines is 3-5 thousand rubles. Simple, affordable, reliable.

2. Computer sewing machines They are distinguished by the presence of a computer board, which provides general management of the process, which allows this type of machine to carry out rather intricate stitch programs. The movement of the needle relative to the fabric is controlled by a microprocessor. What a particular model can do depends on the amount of memory and the number of programs of this machine “brain”.

• 197 types of operations
• automatic loop
• horizontal shuttle
• stitch length 4.5 mm
• stitch width 7 mm

Their starting price is approximately two to three times higher than the price of electromechanical ones. At first glance, the huge number of stitch types seems to be an undoubted advantage. These include 15 types of different loops, and chains of different flowers and leaves, and a dozen overlock stitches, and knitted seams. But take a closer look at this list and think about which ones will you personally actually use? It turns out that you don’t need some of it at all, and some of it is just numerous duplicates of the same thing with minor deviations.

Personally, I regularly use six or seven of the 56 stitches I have in my machine, and use two more from time to time. However, one cannot help but notice that this already greatly expands my capabilities in comparison with working on an electromechanical sewing machine. So don’t be tempted by the excess of functions - it’s not at all a fact that you will need all of them. Or rather, the fact is that you are unlikely to ever try many of them.

Several types of overlock stitches, a knitted stitch, a triple reinforced stitch, a knitted loop and a loop with an eye will be useful in your work - in addition to the regular loop, of course. The rest of the features are up to you, just don’t let the variety go to your head. It's a shame to pay extra money for something you will never use.

The undoubted advantage of a well-functioning computer machine is the speed and accuracy of its work. If your plans include kilometers of frills and sewing to order for 8 hours a day, a computer machine will significantly save you time and give you additional features for creativity. A buttonhole with an eye is, of course, a small thing, but this little thing affects the entire look of the coat.

The disadvantages are the high price, capriciousness in setting up, and repairs, if something happens, more expensive.

3. Sewing and embroidery machines. Everything is simple here, unlike industrial embroidery machines, which can, in fact, only embroider; such combines often combine two functions.

In my personal opinion, budget versions of sewing and embroidery machines combine these functions very poorly. They are too capricious compared to regular sewing machines, and compared to full-fledged embroidery machines, they are too limited in embroidery capabilities. And more expensive models are also scary in price. Therefore, I recommend considering this class of machines exclusively as embroidery machines and purchasing them based on these purposes.

Also, don’t think that if you buy an embroidery machine for 100-300 thousand, you will immediately create a masterpiece. Embroidery on a sewing machine is also an art that needs to be learned. In courses or independently, using books or online lessons. In general, working with it is somewhat reminiscent of working in Photoshop. You can go to a specialized website, type in motifs drawn by someone there, quickly read the instructions and glue them together as best you can, adding stars and hearts with a stamp. But if you look at the masterpieces created by professionals, it becomes clear that this is not even a third of the capabilities of this tool.

So, think carefully about whether you need this, and to be honest, in most cases it is much easier and incomparably cheaper to order embroidery from a workshop that already has serious equipment and a good craftsman. Outsourcing is everything to us. Personally, this is what I usually do.

4. Cover sewing machines. They are - flat stitch machines.

Designed to make an elastic flat seam used to close the hem edge of a knitted product. This whole complex verbal construction refers to that seam that you can see on the hem and sleeves of almost any T-shirt.

Among household machines, flat stitches can be made by two types: flat stitch machines and carpet lockers. A regular stitch looks the same on both the front and back sides, as the top thread is wrapped around the bottom thread (bobbin) and tightened. A flat or chain stitch looks different. It is obtained by simultaneous operation of two or more needles and loopers.

This type of sewing machine is designed to work with elastic “stretch” fabrics. If your main goal is T-shirts, swimsuits and tracksuits, this is your choice. Price category from 10-15 thousand.

5. Overlock is a machine with one or two needles, equipped with a trimming mechanism and designed for overcasting sections of a wide variety of sewing products. When choosing an overlocker, you should first of all focus on ease of threading and sewing. We should also not forget about the possibility of overcasting with different numbers of threads. Most overlockers perform 3- and 4-thread overcasting, suitable for most types of fabrics, and rolled edge overcasting. On higher-end overlockers there is a 2-thread overlock designed for the finest fabrics - such as silk or chiffon - as well as for decorative finishing.

In principle, overlocking functions are also available in computer sewing machines. But a seam made with a real overlocker is much more accurate and reliable. In addition, the overlocker is equipped with knives that themselves cut off the excess allowance, leveling the edge, which significantly saves time. In general, if you sew regularly and the free space allows you to place two units, an overlocker will be a very useful acquisition, but if not, you can do without it. In any case, it does not replace a sewing machine, but only complements it. It is not intended for assembling product parts. The price for overlockers starts from 6 - 7 thousand, for 10 you can buy a quite decent model.

6. Coverlock is a relatively new invention that many are not particularly familiar with. Pfaff marketers came up with this name for their range of such machines and patented it, after which it firmly entered into everyday use. It combines the word “overlock” and the English term coverstitch, that is, “covering” or “closing” stitch. This machine can perform both overcasting of garments, and flat seams and straight chain stitch, that is, it combines an overlock and a flat stitch machine. The price for carpet locks is quite high and starts from 25-30 thousand.

Like a cover sewing machine, a carpet locker is designed to work with knitwear. The design also assumes the presence of several (from 2 to 10) upper threads and loopers, with the help of which you can create various, sometimes very complex seams, indistinguishable from industrial ones.

What to choose for working with knitwear - a carpet locker or a pair of overlockers plus a cover-stitching machine? On the one hand, a carpet locker has a larger number of loopers, which allows you to make more complex seams; it alone takes up much less space, and its high price is quite comparable to the total cost of a cover stitcher and an overlocker. On the other hand, when processing a garment, you may first need an overlock, then a flat seam, again an overlock, again a flat seam, and so on every five minutes.

In the case of two machines, this will not present any difficulty, and each time the carpet lock will have to be reconfigured from a flat seam to an overcast or overcast stitch and back. And this is a rather long and painstaking process, which even with skill takes several minutes. It's up to you to decide what's more convenient.

⇡ Model capabilities

This question is most acute when choosing a specific model of computer sewing machine. It is with this type of machine that the number of lines often exceeds two hundred and causes ripples in the eyes and dizziness. You don’t need to start your choice with the number of lines. There are more important parameters that you should decide on first.

1. The type of fabrics the machine is designed to work with. There are machines for working with all types of fabrics; there are models designed for light and medium, or vice versa, for medium and heavy fabrics. If you definitely know that your main area of ​​activity will be, for example, dance dresses made of silk and chiffon, take a machine for light fabrics, it will work with them better than a universal one. If your choice is a coat and jeans, consider models for medium and heavy fabrics. Usually they have a larger gap between the foot and the needle plate, which allows you to put a thicker layer of fabric under the foot, and a more powerful motor that can sew this layer.

2. Maximum stitch length (up to 5 mm) and maximum width zigzag (up to 7 mm). The larger these parameters are, the better: it expands the field of possibilities.

3. Shuttle type: the shuttle can be vertical, with a removable bobbin case, as well as horizontal, where there is no bobbin case. The second option is more modern and reliable - it has fewer parts that can break.

4. The loop can be automatic or semi-automatic. “Full” automatic machine allows you to perform up to 7 different types loops, in one operation sweep out a loop exactly to the size of the button, remember the size and repeat a loop of identical size the number of times you need.

Automatic buttonhole foot

Semi-automatic buttonholes are usually performed by simpler models. Here you determine the size, guided by the markings on the foot, the loop is sewn in 4 consecutive operations. It’s not difficult and it’s not that long, but if you multiply it by 10, 20, 30 buttons per suit, the difference is quite significant.

Foot for semi-automatic buttonhole

5. Optional, but very convenient features are a built-in needle threader, the ability to sew with a double needle, a needle positioning button and a spot fastening button. If you are going to sew a lot, you should pay attention to the possibility of working without a pedal and external speed adjustment; this greatly saves your leg, which after four to five hours of continuous pressing the pedal begins to complain, and besides, the pedals fail faster than the machines themselves, and they do this, as a rule, at the most inopportune moment.

⇡ Additional accessories

The capabilities of the basic machine you purchased are far from the limit. Accessories play a huge role in the quality of the result and the speed of achieving it. The fact is that for a high-quality result it is very important to choose the right foot, needle and thread for each fabric and operation. The table for the ratio of the thickness of needles and threads is in the instructions for the sewing machine - and here you are unlikely to go wrong.

But in addition, there are special needles for difficult fabrics - for example, they will be needed for working with leather, denim, stretch fabrics and jersey. Different sharpening of the tip allows them to work most accurately with the material for which they are intended. Very often situations arise when a novice seamstress scolds the machine for skipping stitches or other seam defects, but the problem is just wrong choice needles

There is also a huge variety of paws. On one of the largest Russian-language forums dedicated to needlework, the topic about various paws occupies more than 200 pages and is regularly updated. At the same time, only the bare minimum is included in the basic package. And this is where the initial choice of the machine begins to play a role - your capabilities may ultimately be limited by how easily you can purchase additional legs.

5. Foot for sewing, beads and sequins.

And hundreds more types of paws, attachments and devices designed to do what previously could only be done by hand. Make your work easier and turn sewing into a fun process.

⇡ Total

Of course, this is not all that can be said about sewing machines. Despite the apparent similarity, each model may have nuances and subtleties that will make it most suitable, or, conversely, unacceptable, for you personally. Convenience of threading, location of buttons and control levers, sound during operation, appearance of the light bulb and more, and more, and more.

Ideally, you should go to the showroom of a large store and sit different models, thread the threads, sew a test stitch, trying out how it will be and whether it will be comfortable for you. If this is not possible, or you are sorely short of time for this, wait for the next releases. I will do this for you and share my impressions in as much detail as I can.

The process of sewing is a pleasure for many people. But in order to sew really beautiful things efficiently and simply, you need to know how to choose a sewing machine. Modern manufacturers offer a wide selection of models, and therefore buying one is both simple and difficult at the same time.

It is noteworthy that there is no production of sewing machines in Europe and Russia; most of them are created in China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan. On the other hand, these manufacturers offer models of different price categories and levels of equipment, so you can easily choose a device for a novice seamstress or a professional craftswoman.

What to consider?

Experts advise: a sewing machine should be selected in accordance with several rules. First, decide on a brand. Secondly, choose the type of machine. Thirdly, decide what necessary functions the device you choose should perform. For example, when we choose a sewing machine for beginners, we focus primarily on its convenience and ease of use.

And only then do we evaluate functionality. And once you develop the skill and ability to sew, you can buy a more powerful model with numerous options. And for those who know how to sew and want to improve their skills, it is better to give preference multifunctional models. Especially if the machine will be used frequently for sewing various products. In any case, you need to know a number of rules in order to choose a good and reliable model.

Rule one: choose a manufacturer

There are several brands that are popular among modern craftswomen. These are the brands known to many needlewomen: Bernina, Janome, Pfaff, Brother, Singer. Some people choose based on personal preferences, some choose based on the advice of friends, others pay attention exclusively to the brand. Here it is important not to make a mistake and to know the rules on how to choose a sewing machine. As for lesser-known companies, their devices may have the same functions, but at the same time differ not only in cost, but also in quality of work. In addition, in the event of a breakdown, it will be very difficult to find components, for example, an additional presser foot for the machine from a little-known manufacturer.

Rule two: decide on the type of car

Which sewing machine to choose - industrial or household? In searching for an answer to this question, one should proceed from the following. Peculiarity household models- in a variety of functions, while the industrial one works with only one, but with high quality, reliability and durability. On the other hand, it makes no sense to buy an industrial model if you do not plan to open your own clothing company. Still, such a machine will take up too much space, and it works very noisily. All household devices are:

• electromechanical;
• computer;
• sewing and embroidery;
• embroidery;
• cover-up;
• overlockers;
• carpetlocks.

Electromechanics: simplicity in every detail

These models are the simplest, and therefore the most popular among customers. It works on a mechanical system with an electric motor, which powers the entire mechanism. Such devices are distinguished by their reliability, low price, and quick repair if a breakdown occurs. Compared to computer models, they are slower, making them a good choice for beginning seamstresses. The simplest machines operating on electromechanics can be purchased for between three and five thousand rubles. In this price range, a Janome sewing machine may be of interest. How to choose the right model?

The simplest variation is the Janome 1243 model with the most basic set of functions. With its help you can easily repair clothes, hem curtains, for example, or sew a Tilda doll. This model can perform 5 operations, which is quite enough for a novice user. A more powerful and functional model is the Janome 2075S, which features an ergonomic design, the ability to create buttonholes, a built-in needle threader and all the options necessary for sewing.

Computer machine: modern and convenient

These models are more expensive, but, on the other hand, are characterized by improved properties. The process is controlled thanks to the presence of a computer board, so it is possible to create even intricate stitches. The power of the model and its functional features depend on the amount of memory. What will such a machine please you with? Firstly, a huge number of different lines. Secondly, the ability to work with any materials.

In this regard, the Janome computerized sewing machine attracts attention. How to choose the right model? You need to consider what exactly you are going to sew and how often. If you are looking for simpler options, pay attention to the new Janome 2030 DC model, which will appeal to both beginners and professionals.

This device is capable of performing 30 sewing operations, processing three types of loops, and has a backlit LCD display that displays everything necessary for proper operation tips. The Janome 4120 QDC machine opens up more possibilities for creativity, which allows you to create decorative sewing, work in the quilting style, has seven buttonhole design options and built-in memory that allows you to create your own original combinations.

No less interesting in this regard are the Brother computer sewing machines. How to choose from a huge variety of models? Again, proceed from your own preferences and plans. For example, the JS-60E model is best suited for comfortable sewing: it is capable of performing 60 types of stitches, automatically sews buttonholes and threads the needle, so the most routine operations will be a pleasure. All data on stitch length and stitch width will be displayed on the screen, so each user can easily operate the machine.

If you love quilting, then pay attention to the Innov-is 450 model. It contains the simplest functions, and, thanks to the presence of 120 lines, you can implement any sewing ideas.

Models for lovers of sewing and embroidery

If you are looking for which sewing machine to choose for both sewing and embroidery, turn your attention to sewing and embroidery models. Reviews often contain opinions that the budget variations of these universal machines are not the most the best choice, and more expensive models that really deliver high-quality work are too expensive for the average user. Therefore, in such situations, it is best to give preference to one thing - an embroidery or sewing machine.

Overlock: high productivity

This sewing machine has one or two needles, is equipped with a trimming mechanism, and is necessary for overcasting the edges of various garments. When choosing these models, you should consider the following parameters:

• ease of threading;
• ease of sewing;
• possibility of overcasting with different number of threads;
• opportunity to work with various fabrics in thickness and texture.

Rule three: take into account the capabilities of the model

The third point that needs to be taken into account when choosing a sewing machine for the home is the capabilities of each model.

1. Type of fabrics the device can work with. Some models are capable of working with any type of material in terms of thickness and texture, while others can only work with light fabrics. When choosing models, you need to consider the gap between the foot and the needle plate. And the motor of such a device, if you purchase it to work with thick fabrics, must be powerful enough to stitch such a layer.
2. Stitch length and zigzag width also play an important role. The larger these parameters, the more functional the sewing machines are. How to choose the best? Consider how often you will use the device and how complex things you intend to sew.
3. Type of shuttle. It can be vertical or horizontal, with or without a removable bobbin case. The second option is more modern and easier to use.
4. Loop type – automatic or semi-automatic. The first option is good because it can make up to seven types of loops depending on the size of the button. Semi-automatic is found in simple models of sewing machines.
5. The built-in needle threader makes the sewing process easier and more convenient, especially if you plan to sew often.

Thus, taking these factors into account, you can understand how to choose a sewing machine.

Rule four: select additional accessories

Any machine purchased in the basic configuration can be supplemented with accessories that expand the capabilities of the device. The quality of sewing will depend on installing the correct foot, needle, and thread, which must match the specific fabric. In addition, many fabrics - leather, stretch materials, jersey, etc. - need to be sewn using special needles with a certain type of sharpening. Presser feet are also available in a huge variety, so before choosing a sewing machine, a beginner should carefully study this issue. After all, in the basic configuration the machine will have only the most necessary elements.

Most often there is a need for several types of paws:

1. Teflon is needed for sewing products from materials that are difficult to use - leather, suede, plastic, faux fur.
2. A foot that allows you to bend the edges and hem them.
3. A device that makes frills and sews them together.
4. Foot for sewing bias tape.
5. For sewing on beads and sequins.

How to choose a sewing machine?

Reviews from many needlewomen say that modern manufacturers They offer a wide selection of models to suit every taste. One of the famous brands is Janome (Taiwan). They can be used for home sewing, and the cost of the machine is affordable. The distinctive features of budget products (costing up to 5,500 rubles) of this brand include:

• ease of use;
• a small number of operations (maximum 12 lines);
• smooth adjustment of seams in width and stitch length.

More expensive models (up to 10,000 rubles) have additional options in the form of semi-automatic buttonhole sewing, adjustable presser foot pressure on the material, and the presence of seams for processing knitwear.

The most expensive models of the Janome brand cost from 13,000 to 21,500 rubles. They have unique performance and equally unique capabilities. Thus, all information is displayed on the LCD display, the machine operates on touch control, stitches can be combined into patterns, and ease of sewing is ensured by the built-in needle threader. Professionals will appreciate the Janome 6600 Professional, capable of performing more than 400 operations.

Brother sewing machines are no less popular. How to choose among the variety of models? All products can be divided into several classes depending on cost. Economical models are suitable for beginners and will delight them with a maximum of 14 types of operations, the presence of seams for knitwear, and sewing on elastic. They cost between 3900-5400 rubles. More expensive models are capable of performing up to 25 operations, for example, overcasting decorative scalloped edges, knitwear, and are also equipped with decorative stitches. Such models can be purchased for up to 7,000 rubles.

More expensive Brother models cost from 18,000 rubles, have computer control, are equipped with a needle threader, stitch combination and other options that expand the capabilities of these devices. By the way, if you are a beginner and don’t know where to start, Osinka can answer many of your questions: how to choose a sewing machine, how to choose threads for fabric, do you need a touch screen, and so on (for reference: Osinka is a specialized resource for beginning seamstresses and professionals, where you can find everything from needlework magazines and a forum on interests to training courses).

Singer

This is the oldest brand, presented in a huge variety of models. Budget options Singer machines are easy to operate and have a minimum number of options, which is quite enough for a beginner. The most economical model is the Singer 2250, which will appeal to both beginning seamstresses and those who already know how to handle equipment. And professional sewing machines, for example the Singer Heavy Duty 4423, are capable of performing 20 or more sewing lines, work with any type of fabric, and their stability and reliability are ensured by a steel frame that ensures a long service life.

PFAFF: German professionalism

Electric sewing machines made in Europe are no less popular. How to choose? Again, it is worth proceeding from the number of operations, as well as the purpose of the device. At the same time, all PFAFF series – Ambition, Expression – are easy-to-use machines that allow you to work with any materials. The wide working surface ensures convenient sewing, and the presence of a touch screen with high resolution allows you to optimize the process as much as possible.

Since choosing a sewing machine for a non-professional is not easy, we advise you to pay attention to models from the Hobby series. They are easy to use, the functionality of the devices and ease of operation make it easy for even a novice user to understand the machine. The simplest model - PFAFF 1122 - is capable of making about 10 seams, including overlock or secret hemming, in addition, the machine can sew buttonholes.

Even this budget model has an automatic needle threader, which makes the sewing process much easier. For professional use, models of the PFAFF Creative 2134 series are suitable, characterized by high reliability and modern equipment. Everything is displayed on the big screen helpful information. True, the cost of such a device will be above 45,000 rubles.

Bernina: quality in every detail

The products of this Swiss brand are machines that are distinguished by high precision, reliability and excellent quality. The models are easy to use and equipped with all the necessary systems that ensure high quality of every stitch. Using models of this brand, you can work with any type of material. In the most affordable price category, the Bernina Bernette 55 / 2055 model – electric sewing machines – attracts attention. How to choose? It should be taken into account that even the simplest model is capable of performing 13 operations, sewing the first semi-automatic buttonhole, and working with any type of material.

In the price range up to 15,000 rubles, modern electronic models with unique capabilities and interesting design. Such machines are capable of performing 28 operations, a wide variety of seams, and finishing of any complexity. More expensive models - from 15,000 and above - are semi-professional machines capable of performing up to 100 sewing programs. All features should be taken into account before choosing a sewing machine. Reviews say that the products of this brand are a combination of high quality and affordable prices.

Let's sum it up

There are many manufacturers of sewing accessories, and it is very important to navigate this choice correctly. When choosing models, you need to pay attention first of all to your requirements and skills. For example, for a novice user it does not make sense to purchase too expensive models. How to choose the right sewing machine?

Follow a few rules. First, decide what type of device you need - mechanical or computer. Secondly, think about how often you will use the car. The third requirement follows from the first, because depending on how much you will use the machine, you need to select the number of lines and other capabilities of the device.

It is necessary to pay attention to the various accessories that come with a particular machine. Ideally, each model should be equipped with a set of needles of different thicknesses and types of sharpening, screwdrivers, a brush and other tools with which you can service the device, as well as a variety of paws. When buying a kit, remember that it must include a so-called “sewing advisor”, which allows you to properly set up the machine and learn how to use it. Still modern models sewing machines are completely different, and therefore be prepared for the fact that you will have to learn the sewing process all over again.