Varieties white cabbage are divided into several types:

• Early ripening, with short growing season(65-115 days from germination to technical ripeness). These varieties are distinguished by medium-sized, medium-density heads of cabbage and delicate, thin leaves. Used fresh and for preparing various dishes. Not suitable for pickling and storage.
• Mid-season (115-150 days). Behind summer period Cabbage of these varieties forms normal heads of cabbage and is superior in yield to early varieties. Mid-season varieties differ in purpose - there are varieties for pickling, and others for long-term storage.
• Late ripening (150 days or more). U late varieties the heads of cabbage are denser than those of mid-season or early ones. Used for long-term storage and fermentation.

The success of the harvest largely depends on the right varieties. There are a large number of varieties and hybrids created for different climatic zones. Here are varieties adapted for widespread cultivation.

Early varieties

June. Early (90-110 days from germination to technical ripeness) variety. Heads of cabbage with a diameter of 14-20 cm, weighing 0.9-2.4 kg, round, medium density, good taste.

Zarya MS. Early (107-118 days from germination) variety. The head of cabbage is round, weighing 1.6-2 kg, medium density, does not crack.

Dumas F1. Early ripening (110 days from germination) hybrid. The head of cabbage is round, weighing 0.8-1.5 kg. Moderately resistant to cracking, suitable for dense planting.

Precocious. Early (94-103 days from germination) variety. The head of cabbage is round, 11-19 cm in diameter, weighing 0.9-2 kg, dense. Prone to cracking, affected by clubroot, slightly affected by spring flies.

Transfer F1.Early (96-118 days from germination) hybrid. Heads of cabbage with a diameter of 15-17 cm, weighing 0.8-1.5 kg, round, medium density, good taste. The variety is resistant to pathogens of vascular bacteriosis, and is strongly affected by fusarium, wilt and clubroot.

Malachite F1. Early (92-137 days from germination) hybrid. The head is round, 16-17 cm in diameter, weighing 1.3-1.5 kg, medium density, good taste. The variety is affected by clubroot and is moderately resistant to vascular bacteriosis.

Cossack F1. Early (106-112 days from germination) hybrid. The head is round, with a diameter of 15.5-17.5 cm, weighing 0.8-1.2 kg, dense, excellent taste. The variety is resistant to mucous bacteriosis and blackleg, moderately resistant to clubroot. Resistant to cracking.

Number one Gribovsky 147. Early (102-117 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round, 16-23 cm in diameter, weighing 0.9-1.9 kg, medium density, good taste. Prone to vascular bacteriosis, severely affected by clubroot.

Dot. Early (98-123 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are cone-shaped, 17 cm in diameter, weighing 0.7-1.7 kg, medium density, loose.

Mid-season varieties of white cabbage

Slava 1305. Mid-season (105-130 days from germination) variety. The head of cabbage is round and rounded-flat, weighing 4-5 kg, dense, resistant to cracking. The variety is susceptible to clubroot, vascular bacteriosis, and Fusarium wilt. For fresh consumption, pickling, heads of cabbage are stored until January.

Hope. Mid-season (120-135 days from germination) variety. The head of cabbage is round or rounded-flat, weighing 2.4-4.5 kg, good density, does not crack. Intended for fresh consumption and for fermentation.

Belorusskaya 455. Mid-season (105-130 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round-flat, weighing 1.3-4.4 kg, dense, and do not crack. Suitable for fermentation. Stored until December-January.

SB-3 F1. Mid-season (130-135 days from germination) hybrid. The head of cabbage is round, weighing 3.0-4.5 kg, dense, taste qualities excellent. High-yielding. The variety is resistant to pathogens of major cabbage diseases. For fresh consumption and pickling.

Krautman F1. Mid-season (123-135 days from germination) hybrid. Heads of cabbage weighing 3-4 kg, dense, resistant to cracking. High-yielding.

Rinda F1. Mid-season (123-140 days from germination) hybrid. The heads of cabbage are round, weighing 3.2-3.7 kg. (up to 8 kg), dense, excellent taste. Resistant to major cabbage diseases and cracking. For fresh consumption and for processing.

Menza F1. Mid-season (125-140 days from germination) hybrid. The heads of cabbage are round-flat, weighing 4-9 kg, dense, of excellent taste. The variety is resistant to unfavorable conditions weather. Intended for fresh consumption, fermentation, long-term (until March) storage.

Midor F1. Mid-season (125-140 days from germination) hybrid. The head of cabbage is round and flat-round, weighing 2.3-4 kg, medium dense, excellent taste. Intended for fresh consumption, fermentation and long-term storage.

Tobia F1. Mid-season (125-140 days from germination) hybrid. Head of cabbage weighing 4-8 kg, dense, excellent taste. Intended for fresh consumption, processing and storage (up to 6 months).

Late-ripening varieties of white cabbage

Amager 611. Late (145-167 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round-flat, weighing 2.4-6.1 kg, dense. The taste improves during storage. The variety is not resistant to pathogens of vascular bacteriosis, moderately resistant to clubroot. For long-term storage.

Kolobok F1. Late (144-150 days from germination) hybrid. Heads of cabbage weighing 4.2 kg, round, dense, excellent taste. Affected by clubroot and cabbage fly. Moderately resistant to white rot pathogens. For fresh use, pickling and long-term storage.

Crewmont F1. Late (165-170 days from germination) hybrid. The heads of cabbage are round or flat-rounded, weighing 1.9-2.1 kg, dense, of good taste. The variety is resistant to vascular and mucous bacteriosis and cracking. For long-term storage.

Extra F1. Late-ripening (155-160 days from germination) hybrid. The heads of cabbage are round-flat, weighing 2.5-2.8 kg, good taste, dense, do not crack. The variety is resistant to a range of diseases. For fresh consumption, pickling and long-term storage.

Lying F1. Late (146-163 days from germination) hybrid. Heads weighing 1.8-2.3 kg, round, dense, good taste. Stable yield. Moderately susceptible to clubroot. For long-term storage.

Moskovskaya late 15. Late (145-160 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round or flat-round, of medium density, weighing 3.3-4.5 kg, excellent taste. Productivity is high. The variety is susceptible to Fusarium wilt and downy mildew. Suitable for fermentation.

Sugarloaf. Late ripening (130-160 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round, weighing 3-4 kg, dense, sweet, juicy. The variety is suitable for fermentation and long-term storage (until May-June).

Megaton F1. Medium late (142 days from germination) hybrid. The head of cabbage is round, dense, weighing up to 10 kg, with excellent taste. Resistant to fusarium, moderately resistant to clubroot and gray rot.

Present. Late (145-165 days from germination) variety. The heads of cabbage are round, weighing 2.0-3.6 kg, dense, of good taste. Productivity is high and stores well. The variety is susceptible to fusarium wilt, mucous and vascular bacteriosis, clubroot.

Wintering 1474. Late ripening (165-175 days from germination) variety. The head of cabbage is flat-rounded, weighing 3.6 kg. Taste improves during storage. For long-term (up to 8 months) storage.

White cabbage is an incredibly healthy vegetable rich in vitamins and mineral composition. This explains its popularity among gardeners. The cultivation rules are not complicated, but the basis for the yield depends on the choice of variety.

In the old days there was really a shortage seed material due to limited supplies from near and far abroad, therefore seeds were often prepared from familiar varieties.

For more than 20 years, the situation has changed radically, and the varietal assortment of many gardeners continues to consist of 2-3 items. And in vain, because new developments have no less valuable qualities, which include resistance of cabbage to diseases and pests.

This article discusses early-ripening, mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties of a popular vegetable with a description, which will expand the variety of crops grown in your garden both in the Urals and in the middle zone.

Most Popular

The cabbage variety is selected not only taking into account the winter and climatic characteristics of the region, but also by appointment. Each plant has its own mineral and vitamin composition, but it is also influenced by agricultural conditions and soil type.

To make it easier to choose the appropriate option, the varietal assortment is divided into groups united by a common characteristic.

The best late varieties of cabbage for long-term storage

– a mid-late hybrid developed by breeders from Holland. It is characterized by minimal care and resistance to fusarium and thrips.

The growing season lasts up to 120 days, you can sow seeds directly into an open bed. A mature vegetable weighs 3-5 kg. Shelf life and processing time – up to 5 months.

– late cabbage with ripening period 120-147 days. Round-flat heads Green colour, sometimes with a bluish tint, weight about 3-4 kg.

When planting, the following scheme is used: 3-4 plants per 1 m2. The nutritional value and presentation are preserved for six months. Weather disasters and violations of the watering regime do not violate the density of the structure and integrity of the head.

– growing season 155-180 days after transferring the seedlings to open beds. The heads are gray-green in color and have a slight waxy coating; they weigh up to 4 kg.

Cabbage retains its taste and presentation until the beginning of the next season (June). The hybrid is tolerant to fusarium and gray rot. The head of cabbage does not crack due to violations of the humidity regime.

When planting, the following scheme is used: 2-4 plants per 1 m2.

– the hybrid forms heads later 115-125 days after planting the seedlings. The round fruits have a dense structure and weigh on average 2-3 kg. Planting scheme: 3-4 plants per 1 m2.

Thanks to good immunity, it exhibits tolerance to spot necrosis and thrips. For 8-10 months, cabbage retains its nutritional value and presentation.

– very dense heads are not subject to cracking, average weight is 3 kg. The variety has good taste, transportability and a long shelf life (more than 7 months).

The main advantage is resistance to the accumulation of nitrates and radionuclides. Vegetables are collected through 160-175 days after transplanting seedlings.

- a variety developed by domestic breeders who took into account when growing climatic features And possible problems with pests.

Harvest begins later 130-140 days after planting the seedlings. Gray-green rounded heads of cabbage weigh an average of 4-7 kg. When planting, the following scheme is used: 2-3 plants per 1 m2.

Cabbage is resistant to cracking and has soft, juicy flesh. Without loss of taste and presentation, the vegetable can be stored for 6-8 months.

Mid-season white cabbage

– the hybrid matures in 102 days after planting the seedlings. The greater need for moisture and fertilizer strengthens the immune system, which resists many diseases and insect infestations.

The round-flattened head of gray-green color weighs up to 15 kg. Location of holes when planting: 3 plants per 1 m2. The shelf life without loss of nutritional qualities and presentable appearance is 4-6 months.

– disease-resistant high-yielding variety, characterized by simple agricultural technology. About 500 centners are harvested per hectare (head weight up to 3 kg). When planting, the following scheme is used: 3-4 plants per 1 m2.

Harvest begins later 130-150 days after transferring seedlings to the beds.

- the fruit of the labors of Dutch breeders with a growing season 110-120 days. The head of cabbage has a rounded flat head of blue-green color, the weight of which on average reaches 5-7 kg. Often there are specimens weighing 8-8.5 kg. When planting, the following scheme is used: 3 plants per 1 m2.

Thanks to good immunity, it resists pests (in particular thrips) and fusarium. Product quality and taste are preserved for 4-6 months.

- the fruit of the work of Russian breeders, the growing season is 120-130 day after planting the seedlings.

The round heads are light green in color with a grayish tint, and weigh up to 3-5 kg. When planting, the holes are arranged according to the following pattern: 3-4 plants per 1 m2.

The advantage of the variety is taste, the disadvantage is short storage (about 2 months). Slava is one of the best options for pickling.

– the hybrid matures after planting the seedlings through 120-140 days. Dense round heads have a slightly greenish tint, weight reaches 4 kg.

When planting, the following scheme is used: 3 plants per 1 m2. The variety is universal, used fresh and for pickling. The shelf life without loss of valuable qualities is 3-4 months.

Early ripening

– the ripening period of the hybrid is 75-80 days after planting the seedlings. The round heads weighing up to 7 kg are green in color and have a dense structure. Hole layout: plant 3-5 plants per 1 m2. It is unpretentious to weather conditions.

The shelf life without loss of taste and presentation does not exceed 4 months.

– an early hybrid is distinguished by early ripening; the harvest can be harvested through 45-55 days after planting the seedlings. The weight of a medium-sized light green head is 1.5 kg.

Scheme used for planting: 5-6 plants per 1 m2. Recommended for cultivation under any kind of film and in open ground. Cabbage resists pathogens of mucous bacteriosis and blackleg.

– the variety is ready for planting in open ground already in early May, after 45-50 days harvest can be harvested. The structure of the head is medium density, weight reaches 1.4-1.7 kg. When grown on highly fertile soils, the weight of the head of cabbage reaches 5 kg.

Layout of holes during planting: 3-5 plants per 1 m2. Cabbage is distinguished by its rapid emergence and excellent taste.

– a Dutch hybrid characterized by resistance to Fusarium wilt. Layout of holes during planting: 2-3 plants per 1 m2. The round-flat heads are dark green in color and reach a weight of up to 7 kg. Fruit ripening occurs after 85-90 days after planting the seedlings.

It has a strong root system; if the watering regime is violated, the head of cabbage does not crack. For 5-6 months it retains its taste and commercial qualities.

Varietal diversity will ensure productivity even in difficult weather conditions, because each plant has its own immunity to diseases and pests. The taste qualities of the varieties stimulate new experiments, which continue in the kitchen.

It is impossible to imagine a single dacha or garden without cabbage. It is valued for its taste and unusual beneficial features. Of course, the crop yield largely depends on the variety.

White cabbage varieties

In Russia, white cabbage, which has many varieties, has become widespread.

Early varieties of cabbage

It grows quickly, forming small juicy heads of cabbage with a delicate taste, which are used for preparing summer cabbage soup, borscht, and salads. in cramped conditions and on poor soils.

RindaF1– the Dutch hybrid forms full-fledged, non-loose heads of cabbage within 76 days, which are even suitable for storage for 3-4 months. Crops should not be compacted. The hybrid grows well anywhere, the yield depends on care and growing conditions. It is high-yielding, produces aligned heads of cabbage and lasts for a long time on the vine. Used fresh, suitable for fermentation

June cabbage early date maturation. Harvesting can begin two months after germination. Round heads of cabbage are pale green in color with a waxy coating, weigh up to 2.5 kg and have a delicate taste, resistant to cracking and blooming. The variety tolerates frosts well down to -5 degrees. Therefore, it is recommended for cultivation in northern regions, Siberia and the Urals.

Cossack F1 cold-resistant hybrid of early maturation. Small heads of cabbage weighing up to 1.5-2 kilograms can be removed 40 days after planting the seedlings. When sowing seeds in the ground, the harvest can be obtained in 60-70 days. The top of the head of cabbage is light green in color, and inside it is yellowish-cream, juicy, and of good taste. The hybrid does not tolerate heat well and immediately slows down growth.

Variety Zarya early ripening, resistant to cracking, used fresh. The round, small heads of cabbage have medium density and mature weighing up to 2 kg. When using small doses of nitrogen it gives a high yield. Characterized by a friendly harvest and high quality fruits

Tobia F1– a large, productive, early-ripening hybrid. Many gardeners consider it the best. The weight of the green-colored heads of cabbage reaches an average of 3.5 kg, with a maximum of 6 kg; inside the fruit is light yellow in color and has excellent taste. The hybrid is disease-resistant and does not crack in the garden; it can be stored for no more than three months in a cool room.

We can also recommend early hybrids: Dumas F1, SprintF1, SympathyF1, SenoritaF1, AtamanF1, Maid of HonorF1.

The best varieties of white cabbage for pickling

For this purpose, mid-season and mid-late varieties of cabbage are used.

Mid-season varieties

Glory 1305 is still in demand, although our grandmothers grew it. Round-flattened heads of cabbage are harvested 115-120 days after germination, growing to a weight of 2.5-4.5 kg, very dense. When fermented, cabbage turns out to have an excellent taste. The variety is cold-resistant, resistant to weather changes and diseases. It prefers cool weather and travels and stores well.

Mid-season cabbage Nadezhda ripens within 115-135 days, productive, you can get about 13 kg from 1 sq. m. The rounded, flattened head reaches up to 5 kg, has an excellent taste, is used for pickling and fresh. Nadezhda is resistant to cracking, transports well, and can be stored for no more than three months.

Variety Gift valued for its high yield, ripening period up to 120-135 days after sowing, resistant to disease and rot. Dense, flattened heads of cabbage grow up to four kilograms, are white inside, and can crack when overgrown. They travel well proper storage lie for six months.

Golden hectare a high-yielding variety, ripens in a hundred days, is resistant to heat and drought, does not crack in the garden, and is stored for a long time. Heads of cabbage reach a weight of 2.0-2.7 kg.

Mid-season hybrid KrautmanF1 ripens 120-140 days after germination. It does not crack in the garden even during prolonged rainy weather, and is stored without losing its taste for up to four months. The weight of a head of cabbage reaches up to 4 kg, the taste is excellent, it is used in pickling. The hybrid is resistant to clubroot and other diseases, yield up to 9 kg per square meter.

Productive late-ripening varieties

This cabbage is stored well and for a long time, it is not afraid of frost in spring and autumn, it is less juicy and coarser.

Amager 611 the oldest variety ripens in 150-160 days. Large, dense heads of cabbage weigh up to 5 kg, do not crack or rot, and are stored for up to six months. Interestingly, the taste improves with storage. The variety is productive up to 5-6 kg/sq. m, maturation is friendly. It is cold-resistant, but reacts negatively to drought.

Moscow late cabbage is distinguished by its high yield and large mass of round heads of cabbage, on average up to 7-8 kg, and a maximum of 15 kg. It is great for pickling.

Kolobok F1 high-yielding hybrid, ripening 150 days after germination. Dense round heads of cabbage in white section reach a weight of up to 5 kg, do not crack, favorable conditions They are stored almost until May and are good for pickling. The hybrid is resistant to bacteriosis, Fusarium wilt, and rot. For guaranteed harvest seedlings are planted at the age of 50 days.

Hybrids and varieties worthy of attention: Aggressor F1, Valentina F1, Mara, Snow White, ArtikaF1, CupidF1.

White cabbage is loved by many. To get a good bountiful harvest quality heads of cabbage, you need to know and be able to grow the crop. However, they will allow you to receive excellent harvest. You might also be interested in its planting.

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Cabbage is one of the most ancient garden crops, historians date the beginning of the cultivation of this popular vegetable to the 4th century BC. Cabbage is especially appreciated in our northern latitudes due to its cold resistance, variety of cooking methods and ability to stay fresh for a long time. After all, the absolute champion in popularity, potatoes, our “second bread,” began to be grown everywhere only at the beginning of the 20th century. And before that, for many centuries, cabbage, along with turnips, was the most common vegetable.

Over the past 100 years, breeders have developed so many varieties of cabbage that it is not easy to understand this diversity. Early varieties, varieties for pickling, for storage, zoned for different regions... Let's look at the most in order the best varieties cabbage Let's start with white cabbage.

Early varieties of cabbage have the following features:

• short ripening period (90-120 days from emergence), harvesting is carried out in June-July, when other varieties are still developing;
• the leaves are grassy-green, very tender, juicy, ideal for salads and light summer cabbage soup;
• the heads of cabbage are small or even small, often loose;
• low yield,
• not stored for long
• The plants are unpretentious and can grow in crowded conditions and on poor soils.

Usually one bed is enough early cabbage for seasonal consumption, on which it would be nice to organize a conveyor of ultra-early, early and mid-early.

Universal early varieties

Among the early varieties, one can distinguish a group of universal ones that grow equally well in all regions of Russia. They are also the most suitable for Far East, the south of Western Siberia, the Southern Urals and middle zone Russia, including the Moscow region.

June

Variety 1967 from the VNIISSOK collection. The forks are very dense for an early variety. Cold-resistant, withstands early frosts. Tolerates drought well. Not prone to the formation of flower arrows. Heads of cabbage weigh 1.0-2.5 kg, do not crack. The taste is delicate.

Number one Gribovsky 147

The oldest variety, 1937, bred by VNIISSOK, ripens 1-2 weeks later than June, so it’s good to plant them together to extend the consumption season. The forks are round, less often oval, and may crack. Normally tolerates low temperatures and drought. The weight of the heads of cabbage is 1.1-1.8 kg.

Number one Polar K 206

An ancient early variety, bred in 1937 on the basis of No. 1 Gribovsky. It ripens a week later than Gribovsky, is similar to him, but has a number of advantages:

• forms larger heads of cabbage weighing 1.9-2.8 kg,
• more productive (4.7-5.9 kg/m),
• ripens at the same time, which allows you to increase the period of consumption;
• when grown in the Far North, it is used for fermentation and storage fresh until January.

This early hybrid, bred by the Krasnodar Rice Research Institute in 1994, has become very popular among summer residents and farmers over the past 20-plus years. Disease-resistant, cold-resistant, does not tolerate temperatures above 25 degrees. Grows well in greenhouses. Heads weighing 0.8-1.2 kg, the leaves inside are yellowish-cream, do not crack. Productive, it responds to fertilization by increasing the size of the forks.

A mid-early, very productive (5.0-8.5 kg/m) variety, bred by specialists from the N.I. Vavilov Institute in St. Petersburg. It is grown both in gardening partnerships and in large farms. The forks are medium in density, weighing 1.6-3.3 kg. Unpretentious, resistant to drought and bolting.

Early varieties for the North, Urals and Siberia

This group includes the best varieties of cabbage, developed by breeders specifically for regions with short northern summers - the Middle and Northern Urals, Eastern Siberia, the northern part of the European part and Western Siberia.

Precocious

Precocious

An ancient early variety, bred by breeders from the Sortsemovoshch Association in 1968. In terms of ripening time and taste, it is similar to June, but not as productive, the heads of cabbage weigh only 900-1300 g. Cold-resistant, light- and moisture-loving. Grows well in peat bogs of the Leningrad region.

Ultra-early hybrid (90-97 days). Round forks weighing 1.0-1.5 kg. Cold resistant.

A new, but already very popular mid-early hybrid from Syngenta. The State Register recommends growing this variety in the North-West, the Urals, the Volga-Vyatka region and Eastern Siberia. Not susceptible to fusarium wilt. Forks weigh 1.4-1.8 kg, taste good.

Mid-season varieties

Mid-season varieties of white cabbage are most often grown by summer residents and villagers, since they are best suited for pickling - the favorite method of preparing cabbage in Russia.

Distinctive features:

• the growing season is 130-170 days, they begin to ripen when the early varieties are already leaving;
• fork density is average,
• the leaves are juicy, white inside, contain a lot of sugars;
• high productivity,
• best for pickling and canning,
• They are not stored for long, maximum until the New Year.

Universal mid-season varieties

Slava 1305

For almost 80 years, this variety has remained the most beloved among the people, despite the huge number of new products. Sweet and juicy Slava leaves are very tasty fresh and are great for pickling. The forks gain weight by 2.4-4.5 kg. They are not stored for long, 2 months.

Another popular old variety. Very good for fermentation and can be stored fresh until the New Year. The forks are dense, weighing 1.3-4.1 kg, and do not crack.

The most productive mid-season cabbage domestic selection. Ripens in August, stored until February. Tasty both pickled and fresh. Dense forks weighing 3.0-3.5 kg do not crack. The average yield is 7.5-11.9 kg/m.

Rinda F1

Mid-season Dutch hybrid from Monsanto. The forks are dense, with a pleasant taste, and are stored on the root for a long time. The inner leaves are white with a yellow tint. It is unpretentious to growing conditions and can be re-sowed in summer. Delicious both fresh and canned. Stored until the New Year. Head weight is 3.3-3.6 kg, very productive, about 9 kg/m.

Mid-late variety of 1960, selected by VNIISSOK. Disease-resistant, stored for 6 months. The heads of cabbage are very dense, weighing 2.6-4.4 kg, and do not crack. From one sq. m you can collect up to 10 kg of cabbage. Tasty, good for pickling.

A mid-late, very productive hybrid from the Dutch company Bejo Zaden. Cold-hardy, resistant to clubroot, gray rot, fusarium wilt. Can be planted more densely than other varieties. The heads of cabbage grow up to 10 kg, are tasty, and very good when pickled. Stored until January. Suitable for growing for sale in large farms.

Mid-season varieties for the North, Urals and Siberia

Cabbage is a cold-resistant plant and can grow normally at temperatures of 10-15 degrees. Almost all are universal mid-season varieties grow well in regions with short, cool summers. But there are several bred specifically for the North, the Urals and Siberia.

Mid-season, ripens a week later than Belarusian. Tolerates cold weather well. The forks are moderately dense, weighing 2.1-4.3 kg, and do not crack. Good both fresh and pickled. Can be stored for up to 4 months. Productivity 3.4-8.6 kg/m.

Middle late, zoned across Eastern and Western Siberia. Rarely gets sick. The forks are dense, weighing 2.3-4.5 kg, do not crack, and have good taste. Florin is grown for winter storage and fresh consumption.

Late varieties of white cabbage

A group of varieties with the longest growing season, they are grown for storage and consumption in winter and spring.

Characteristic late ripening varieties:

• long growing season (160-210 days pass from germination to ripening),
• hard leaves with a low sugar content, sometimes with a bitter aftertaste;
• the taste becomes more pleasant during storage,
• the forks are very tight,
• Stored in a cool place for up to 7 months.

Universal late-ripening varieties

Brought out by workers of the VNIISSOK Institute in 1937. Tolerates frosts down to -5-8 degrees. It is weakly affected by insects, but often suffers from vascular bacteriosis and Fusarium wilt. Moisture-loving, does not tolerate heat well. The forks are very dense, weighing 2.6-3.6 kg, and are guaranteed to be stored until April, and when good conditions until June. The leaves have a bitter taste that disappears in spring.

Bred at the Gribovskaya vegetable breeding station in 1937. Cold-resistant, not damaged during early and late frosts. It responds very well to watering and fertilizing. Dense forks have a mass of 3.5-5.0 kg. An excellent variety for pickling. Grown in commercial quantities.

Popular new hybrid. Very late. Originator – breeding station named after N.N. Timofeev. Resistant to Fusarium wilt. The forks are very dense, weighing 3.0-4.0 kg. The leaves are juicy and sweet. Stored until July. Good pickled, fresh, stewed, in soups.

Late ripening Dutch hybrid. The forks are dense, 1.6-2.4 kg, and do not crack. It is recommended to eat fresh or store for winter storage.

Late-ripening disease-resistant hybrid. The harvest ripens 154-170 days after the shoots appear. The forks are very dense, weighing 2.5-2.8 kg. The taste is good, cabbage can be stored until May.

Late varieties for the North, Urals and Siberia

Since summer is short in Siberia, the Urals and the North, zoned late-ripening varieties with long term growing season, very little. However, the best all-purpose cabbage varieties can be planted in these areas.

Zoned across Eastern Siberia and the Northern Caucasus. The forks are round, slightly elongated, very dense, weighing 2.3 kg, and do not crack. The inner leaves are white with a creamy tint. The taste is good and can be used for fermentation. Can be stored for up to 9 months.

Cauliflower varieties

Cauliflower is noticeably different from white cabbage; this species eats inflorescences, not leaves. They are more nutritious, but they are also a little more difficult to grow. We will help you get good harvest will become right choice varieties of cauliflower. Since there is usually not enough space in greenhouses, let’s consider which ones are most effective for growing in open ground.

Early varieties of cauliflower

Movir-74

An ancient early variety, included in the register in 1969. Ready for harvesting 50-55 days after planting the seedlings. Cold-resistant, drought-resistant. The heads are white or yellowish-white in color, weighing 500-1400 g. The fast ripening period allows you to get 2 harvests per season.

Snowball 123 (Snow Globe)

Mid-early variety of French selection. It is not affected by diseases, grows well both in greenhouses and in open ground. The snow-white heads are very hard, weighing 600-800 g.

Fremont F1

Mid-early hybrid from Monsanto. Excellent for tying heads even on very warm nights. The heads are closed, smooth, dense, without germinating upper leaves, large, weighing 1.5-2.0 kg. The taste is excellent.

Mid-season varieties of cauliflower

Parisian

Mid-season cold-resistant variety. The heads are dense, weighing 750 g. The taste is good.

Very unusual plants, combine highly decorative and good taste. Will become a decoration of the dacha thanks to the bright purple color heads The heads are dense, weighing 900 g, rich in anthocyanin.

Amerigo F1

Mid-late hybrid. Cold-resistant, easily tolerates early frosts. Heat resistant. The heads are covered with dense white, weighing on average 1.5 kg. They taste great.

Another variety that has decorative properties, in addition to good taste. Beautiful yellow-green heads weighing 400 g. Medium-late in terms of ripening.

Late varieties of cauliflower

This hybrid is valued for its high yield, 3.5-5.6 kg/m. The heads are dense, whitish, covered with leaves, weighing 1.9-3.5 kg. The taste is wonderful.

Cortez F1

Another late-yielding hybrid from the Dutch company Syngenta. The head is covered with leaves, dense white, weighing 0.6-2.0 kg. The pulp is juicy and has a good taste.

All the varieties of cauliflower listed above are universal; they can be grown throughout Russia.

Features of growing cauliflower

In general, the growing algorithm is almost the same as for white cabbage. But there are also features that cannot be ignored:

• the soil needs to be well fertilized;
• Feeding with boron and molybdenum is required ( boric acid, potassium magnesia);
• During the ripening period, you need to break the upper leaves, covering the heads from the sun (for new ones Dutch varieties self-coating heads);
• You must not allow them to become overripe, otherwise the heads will darken, become loose and bloom.

If there is enough space on the plot, then it is advisable to plant the best varieties of cabbage of different ripening periods suitable for the given area in order to have this tasty vegetable on the table throughout the year. In June and July - early cabbage, from August to New Year - mid-season cabbage, from January to May - late varieties of cabbage. And don’t stop at cabbage, try growing cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, red cabbage, kohlrabi, Savoy, Peking, leaf. They are all very different, and each is tasty and healthy in its own way.

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Winter (or late-ripening) varieties of cabbage are most suitable for pickling and long-term storage until spring. They are the ones that summer residents prefer to grow in order to prepare enough of this healthy vegetable for the winter to feed the whole family.

Many late varieties have been selected. They differ mainly in the duration of ripening. If early varieties To fully ripen, three months from germination is enough, mid-ripening varieties may need four months, then some varieties late cabbage They finally ripen only six months after the start of growth from seeds.

This long wait is rewarded:

• equally long shelf life;
• high yield varieties;
• excellent transportability of heads of cabbage;
• readiness to preserve all valuable substances, taste and texture properties during salting, pickling and fermentation.

By the way! Varieties intended for long-term storage improve their taste over time. In addition, in cabbage, unlike other vegetables and root vegetables, nitrates do not accumulate during the time it is stored.

The second difference between types of cabbage with different ripening periods is agricultural technology. In general terms, it is similar not only for all cabbages, but also for many cruciferous vegetables. But the timing of sowing, germination, planting and some growth conditions differ in detail in late cabbage from its mid-ripening and early-ripening “relatives”.

By the way! Some varieties late-ripening cabbage can remain intact under appropriate conditions until the next harvest.

Features of cultivation

IN different regions, depending on the climate, planting seeds of late cabbage varieties occurs in different terms. But always, in everyone climatic zones, This seedling method growing. For late varieties, seedlings are grown at home (at least in a heated greenhouse or conservatory). In the southern regions, it is possible to sow seeds in a special seedling bed under a film cover.

Seed stimulation and disinfection

Before sowing late cabbage seeds, they need to be disinfected. For disinfection, soaking in hot water. The temperature should not be higher than +45°C. It is necessary to keep cabbage seeds in water for a quarter of an hour, after placing them in a cloth bag.

How to keep it in a container desired temperature specific time?

1. Place a bowl of water on heating device(having previously checked the temperature of its heating for half an hour).
2. Place the container in another container, pouring water into it, ten degrees hotter (a kind of water bath, but not on fire).
3. Disinfect the seeds in a multicooker on the “Yoghurt” mode.

Important! The heating procedure will not only destroy microbes that may be inside the seed, but will also promote faster germination by activating the growth point of the embryo.

After disinfection by heating, the seeds must be quickly cooled by immersing them in cold running water for one minute.

Soaking the seeds in a fertilizer solution will help speed up germination even more and make the seedlings uniform. It could be anyone mineral complex. It is best to take regular nitrophoska. The proportions for preparing the solution are 5 g of granules per 500 ml of water. Water room temperature. Dissolve thoroughly. Keep seeds for 12 hours.

Preparing seedling containers and soil

Cabbage picks well, so you can initially grow it in any convenient or available containers. If you have pots, use pots. There are boxes, sow them in boxes.

It is more convenient to plant cabbage on a ridge or in a greenhouse from individual pots with a diameter of about 8 cm. By the time they are moved to the garden, the seedlings should have four mature leaves.

The soil for sowing cabbage is not heavy. Peat is traditionally used. If possible, part of the humus is mixed with part of the turf soil; sand may not be added. Both peat and mixed substrate need to be seasoned wood ash. About a tablespoon is used per liter of substrate. The ash is sifted before this. Then it is thoroughly mixed with the soil.

Sowing

You can sow late cabbage seeds at the end of February. It can take up to 60 days before seedlings are planted in the garden. The most late dates sowing of late varieties - mid-March. It is not advisable to sow later in the middle zone; the heads will not have time to ripen.

Advice! If you are late in sowing late-ripening varieties, sow mid-ripening ones. Some mid-season varieties, for example, “Podarok”, are stored for up to four months, have good data for canning and can be used fresh.

Sowing takes place in shallow furrows, about 2 cm deep. The distance between sowings in a box is 5 cm. When two full leaves appear, the seedlings will have to be thinned out so that there is a distance of at least 5 cm between the seedlings. If you sow in a pot, place 3-4 seeds on the corners of an imaginary square, on top of the soil. Cover the top with a two-centimeter layer of peat. The crops are watered and covered with film.

After the shoots appear on days 5-7, the film is removed immediately and is no longer used.

Late varieties need a lot of sunlight, heat and moisture so that the heads of cabbage can fully ripen. Only fully ripened heads of cabbage can be stored all winter until summer. Therefore, an open place for planting is chosen. The soil is fertilized with organic matter in the fall. Loves cabbage organic fertilizers- This the best option fertilizing for of this plant. Late cabbage especially needs soil fertilization. Up to 7 kg of rotted organic matter is used per 1 m². Can be fertilized with vegetable compost. But in addition, animal organic matter, in the form of a solution, should be used for pre-planting feeding and for periodic feeding, which is carried out at least three times during the growing season.

Transfer

At the end of April, holes are dug in the dug up ridge according to the number of seedlings. The seedlings move into moist soil, with a moistened lump, and are not buried. Watering is necessary abundantly. The first feeding is carried out on the twentieth day after planting.

The hole is kept free of weeds. The soil is loosened. After the formation of the outer stump begins, the plant must be earthed up.

The best varieties of late-ripening cabbage

Unlike other garden vegetables, not many varieties of cabbage have been developed. Against several hundred varieties of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers - only a few dozen early, middle and late cabbage varieties. Some of them, moreover, were bred in the USSR from numerous hybrids, so they cannot be called the best. The most popular, most frequently and successfully grown are the following late varieties.

"Aggressor"

Aggressor - a popular hybrid variety

Marked “F1”, it is a first generation hybrid. Can be grown in any region. Its characteristic features are slow development at the stage after seedlings are planted; unpretentiousness and ease of plant care.

By the way! This variety grows with virtually no care. In any case, you don’t need to look after him as carefully as his brothers. You can “forget” to water or feed (it can withstand nitrogen deficiency and drought).

Color – green with blue. There is a waxy coating. The structure of the head of cabbage is high density. The hard, rounded fruit reaches five kilograms. Grown for four months. After 120 days from germination it reaches full ripeness. Almost no cracking occurs; prolonged cleaning is possible almost until the first frost.

The variety is resistant to blackleg, is not affected by fusarium, thrips, and is not susceptible to late blight. One of the best for pickling, it is stored in heads of cabbage for five months.

Video – Cabbage “Aggressor F1”

"Mara"

One of the most popular varieties Belarusian selection. The growing season is long - up to 165 days. Heads average weight– 4 kg. But the taste is exceptional. Used for fermentation whole, heads, stored fresh for about eight months, until the beginning of May. It has high productivity.

White cabbage. Variety "Mara"

The bluish waxy coating on the thick outer leaves is pronounced. The variety is resistant to rot.

"Moskovskaya"

Late white cabbage "Moskovskaya"

This is a giant variety. The heads can reach ten kilograms. However, it ripens in just 130 days. Considered one of the most productive varieties. Surface color green-gray. The interior in cross-section is white with yellowish tint. The taste is not just good - excellent. Lots of sugars, ascorbic acid, minerals.

By the way! Able to withstand temperatures down to -6°C...8°C. Therefore, the timing of planting and harvesting can be shifted to an earlier (spring) and later (autumn) time.

With a dense consistency, it is juicy. Resistant to cracking and most cruciferous diseases. It only needs treatment against slugs and aphids.

Stored at +5°C for 9 months or more.

The variety is ideal for fermentation and the production of any preparations. The heads are small - up to five kilograms. Increased density. The color is green-gray with a patina. White inside. There is resistance to root rot and fungal infections.

By the way! This is a cold-resistant variety, but it does not tolerate heat well and reacts negatively to drought. Therefore, it needs additional watering.

The growing season of the variety lasts 160 days. The average shelf life is up to six months. Therefore, this variety is best used to create winter stocks of pickles. It is easily transported, is not subject to damage, does not crack, and can be cleaned mechanically.

"Megaton"

Cabbage "Megaton f1"

The fastest ripening among late hybrids, after the leader of the "Aggressor". The growing season is within a four-month period. The head of cabbage grows dense, weighing up to 5 kg. This is a Dutch hybrid, and the breeders took maximum care of the “brainchild”, providing it with immunity not only to diseases, but also to damage by insects.

Excellent transport capabilities. Quite high taste parameters. It doesn't last long - five months. Used for fermentation. Needs frequent watering and increased rates of mineral fertilizing.

"Snow White"

Cabbage "Snow White" (late)

A late variety, it is considered universal, since it is suitable for storage for eight months, and for all types of pickling and canning, as well as for fresh consumption.

By the way! Marked high healing properties of this variety cabbage and its increased nutritional qualities. It is considered beneficial for children, as it supplies many substances necessary for a growing body.

Fully mature forks reach 4 kg. Growing season – 160 days. Beautiful turquoise color leaves, white dense interior. It is not damaged by delays in harvesting and transportation.

A very popular variety among gardeners in the middle zone. Domestic hybrid. It takes a long time to ripen – up to 180 days. The weight characteristics of the head of cabbage do not exceed 4 kg. Shelf life: 8 months. But with all these “ordinary” qualities, “Valentina” is distinguished by its outstanding taste qualities. It is characterized by high sugar content, crunchiness, and firmness. Use is possible in all cabbage “guises”. But the best thing except perfect storage, cabbage tolerates pickling.

White cabbage "Valentina"

Also a popular hybrid with perfectly round five-kilogram heads of cabbage that ripen within 150 days. The waxy coating is pronounced. The middle is snow-white. A very dense head of cabbage. Shelf life: 7 months. Can be used for fermentation. This variety, with such “nice”, one-to-one heads of cabbage, is distinguished by high marketability, simultaneous ripening and ease of harvesting. Does not require specific care. It is susceptible to cabbage diseases and pests.

"Sugarloaf"

Cabbage variety "Sugarloaf"

The telling name of this late variety indicates its high sugar content. It has no bitterness at all, so it is used mainly fresh. Not only organic sugars are contained in it large quantities, but also many minerals and a number of vitamins, led by ascorbic acid.

Giant cabbage "Sugarloaf"

By the way! Resistance to fusarium, bacterial diseases, keel and an eight-month shelf life contribute to the popularity of the variety.

After 160 days from the beginning of the growing season, the heads of cabbage gain a mass of 3.5 kg. This is quite a bit, considering that some varieties grow three times as heavy. But the nutritional value is taken into account when choosing a variety for cultivation, so “Sugarloaf” is not in last place among the popular late varieties of white cabbage.

This hybrid, eloquently named for its properties (high keeping quality), nevertheless has a very small weight and, accordingly, the size of the heads of cabbage. The maximum a fork can grow to is 3 kg. Ripens in 155 days. Has above average taste immediately after harvest. Then, during storage, they increase significantly. The variety can be stored until June, a full nine months. Moreover, they even begin to ferment and preserve it not immediately after collection, but in the middle of the shelf life. At this time, around February, the heads of cabbage reach their highest sugar content.

An extremely late-ripening hybrid, ripening in 175 days. The weight of the head of cabbage does not exceed 4 kg. It is recommended for cultivation by summer residents for its long-lasting and good keeping quality. Storage is possible up to 8 months. It tolerates all types of canning well, keeping its vitamin composition unchanged. High juice content. Above average head density. Not susceptible to fusarium wilt. Productivity is strong.

This “pirate” variety is a mid-late hybrid. It is preferred for its relatively short ripening period, which is 130 days. Kochany light weight– 3.5 kg. The shelf life does not reach the later varieties, the shelf life is no longer than 5 months. But you can ferment and preserve immediately after harvesting. The taste characteristics are equally high in both fresh and canned products.

Table. Timing and duration of the main stages of growing popular late varieties of white cabbage

Variety	Duration of seedling period (in days)	Ripening time (in days)	Shelf life (in months)
"Aggressor"	50	120	5
"Mara"	60	165	8
"Moskovskaya"	55	130	9
	60	160	6
"Megaton"	55	130	5
	60	180	8
	55	150	7
"Sugarloaf"	60	160	8
	60	155	9
	60	175	8
	50	130	5

Video - Planting late cabbage