BanBas –

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..p. 2

Technology of plastering and waterproofing the pool bowl……………….p. 3

Description and technological properties of materials………………………p. 7

Additional drawings:

Installation of mortgage….……………………………………………………..…………..……p. 44

Section of the pool bowl……………………………………..…………..……p. 45

INTRODUCTION

In pool design, it is extremely important that the bowl has effective waterproofing, strength and crack resistance to ensure longevity. MAPEI, a world leader in the production of construction chemicals, has decades of experience in the construction of new swimming pools and the renovation of existing ones.

For the preparation of concrete surfaces, MAPEI offers a wide range of superplasticizers, adhesives, waterproofing materials and various acrylic-based additives. When using MAPEI technologies and products, you will receive a waterproof and durable pool bowl.

Technology of plastering and waterproofing the pool bowl.

After the pool bowl is completely cast from concrete, plastering work begins to align the planes and dimensions in plan for finishing.

The first thing that needs to be done is to clean the remains of formwork, dirt, and fragile surfaces. Afterwards, a galvanized metal mesh is placed on the inner surface of the sides of the pool. The mesh is attached using dowel nails and pieces of tin. The minimum number of such fastenings is 15 pieces per 1 m2. Then the prepared surface is wetted with water. This is done to remove dust.

The next stage is the “breakdown” of the pool bowl, taking into account the required dimensions of the pool architecture, angles and planes. They make beacons under the plaster. The “breakdown” begins with the longer sides, and from them proceeds to the end ones.

Immediately before pouring the plaster mixture onto the walls of the pool, a “syringe” is made from the solutionStrato4900 and water in proportions 1:1.

The basis of the plaster mixture is a cement-sand mixture of grade M-150 or M-300. In the first case, to speed up the hardening process and strength, several ladles of M-500 Portland cement are added to the mixture. To impart special properties, special solutions and additives from the company are added to the composition MAPEI:

Fluxan – solution that increases strength and adhesive properties

Saturfix – solution that increases waterproofing and protective properties

Fiberflex – reinforcing fibers that reduce the possibility of cracks and increase impact resistance.

Strato 4900 – a solution that increases adhesion and protects the reinforcing mesh from corrosion.

Atlas+ - glue, serves as a plasticizer.

In the case of using the M-300 mixture, the plastered surface is puttied with glueAtlas+ for leveling and smoothing small holes and scratches.

After plastering the sides of the pool, they begin to screed the bottom. The bottom surface must also be clean, free of fat and dirt. Beacons are made with a slope towards the bottom drains. The sequence of operations and composition of the plaster mixture is similar to the previous one, but for screed concrete surface It is advisable to treat with a two-component composition Eporip, “tightly” holding the contacting layers together. The composition is applied to the surface by spraying or brushing.

Now the bowl is ready for installation of embedded parts (spotlights, nozzles, counterflow, skimmer, geyser, etc.). They are installed in previously left niches. A “cold seam” is applied along the perimeter of each embed HydroSeal 355, the distance from it to the edge of the concrete surface must be no less than 7 cm. Immediately before pouring the anchoring solution Mapefillthe inner surface of concrete can be treated with a solutionStrato 4900 (1:1). This will increase adhesion. For installation, formwork is installed (attached with a mortgage): on one side of the wall, if the hole for the mortgage is not through, and on both sides, if it is through. A hole is first made in the bowl or formwork (depending on the convenience of supplying the repair composition). After pouring inside Mapefilland when it hardens, the formwork is removed. There should be no holes or voids on the surface!

After installing the mortgages, we begin waterproofing the pool bowl.

The room must be completely isolated from strangers, since maintaining cleanliness is an important technology factor.

The surface of the plaster under waterproofing is cleaned and wetted. Coating waterproofingMapelasticapplied in two layers:

The first one is with a “recessed” reinforcing fiberglass mesh 5x5mm(approximately 160 g/sq.m.), layer thickness two mm. The mesh should overlap with the next one. After the first has dried, a second layer of waterproofing is applied. Mapelastic must cover the flanges of the embedded parts. Subsequent operations are carried out after drying, after several days, depending on the hardening conditions. It is advisable to subsequently level the waterproofing surface with glue. AtlasPlus.

Tile or mosaic cladding
Before tiling with ceramic tiles or glass mosaics, the base must be perfectly level. The surface should be free of dirt, oil stains, dust, etc. The adhesive is applied to the surface of the tile with a notched trowel. To give the glue elasticity, a polymer emulsion is added ISOLASTIC. The life time of the glue is no more than 25 minutes, because then a water-insoluble film is formed on the surface, preventing the surfaces from gluing. The tiles are leveled no later than 45-60 minutes after laying. Tiles should not be exposed to water for 24 hours after installation.

After the glue has gained the required strength, the seams are rubbed. A two-component acid-resistant epoxy grout filler is used for grouting joints. KERAPOXY, which cures within a few hours without shrinkage, has exceptional adhesion and mechanical strength. The seam is filled with putty using a flexible metal spatula or a rigid rubber float. For large volumes of work, KERAPOXY can be applied with a syringe filled directly from the container.

When performing work, it is necessary to comply with all technological, temperature and other requirements specified below in the section describing the company products used MAPEI.

Description and technological properties of materials.

HydroSeal 355

Sealant for waterproofing. Expands in volume upon contact with water.

HydroSeal 355 is a waterproofing sealant of paste consistency with excellent adhesion to almost all substrates used in construction. The sealant is applied using a mounting gun. The sealant does not contain solvents. The sealant hardens from moisture contained in the air or in the base to which it is applied, forming a highly elastic mass, which, in turn, increases in volume upon contact with water.

Only highly concentrated electrolyte solutions, such as salt water, can have only a slight effect on the increase in volume. Despite this, the sealant is successfully used in contact with sea or salt water. The presence of alkali has a positive effect on increasing volume.

Application

To carry out work on waterproofing structural joints in concrete elements; also on uneven surfaces, in places where pipes and cables enter; for waterproofing expansion joints and as an expanding adhesive for hydraulic cords ( IDROSTOP).

In all situations where waterproofing of seams against the penetration of water or aqueous solutions is required.

Mapefill

High-flow, non-shrinking cement mortar for anchoring.

Usage and typical applications

For anchoring equipment and metal structures

Pouring rigid joints between concrete elements

Fastening structures

Product Description

MAPEFILL is a pre-mixed ready-made powder consisting of high-quality cement, graded filler and special additives with an expanding agent, prepared in the Mapei research laboratory. When mixed with water, Mapefill becomes a highly fluid solution that easily fills spaces with complex configurations. Due to the content of the expanding agent, MAPEFILL is characterized by a complete absence of plastic shrinkage (standard UNI 8996) and very quickly gains final flexural and compressive strength (standard UNI8147).

MAPEFILL has the following qualities:

excellent resistance to moisture.

excellent adhesion to metal and concrete.

excellent resistance to dynamic mechanical loads.

the modulus of elasticity and coefficient of thermal expansion are similar
characteristics of concrete.

MAPEFILL does not contain metal fillers or aluminum powder.

Application of the composition

Preparing the base

Remove all damaged concrete to a strong and solid base. Clean the base from dust, dirt, cement and grease residues. Saturate the walls of the cavity that will be filled with MAPEFILL with water. Before pouring the compound, wait until excess moisture evaporates. If necessary, use a sponge or compressed air to remove excess water.

Preparation of the solution

Pour into the concrete mixer the amount of water required to achieve the desired consistency (see table). Turn on the mixer and gradually and continuously add MAPEFILL. After 1-2 minutes, stop the concrete mixer, scrape off the unmixed MAPEFILL powder from its walls and turn on the mixer again for about 2-3 minutes until the mixture is homogeneous.

Depending on the amount of mixture to be mixed, use a concrete mixer or a mechanical low-speed mixer (to avoid the formation of air bubbles in the mixture). Mixing by hand is not recommended. Application of the solution Pour in MAPEFILL continuously from one side only, so as not to create an air lock, filling a cavity that should be twice the diameter of the reinforcement being fixed.

When using MAPEFILL to fill joints between precast concrete elements or to fill rigid joints, the recommended layer thickness is 6 cm.

There is no need to compact the poured MAPEFILL. To fill difficult areas, use wooden formwork or steel rods.

Adding Pea Gravel

When filling voids larger than the specified dimensions, it is allowed to add fine gravel with a maximum diameter of 8-10 mm in an amount of up to 30% by weight of MAPEFILL.

Precautions

At + 20 °C no additional measures are required.

In hot weather, do not expose the composition to sunlight and
When preparing the mixture, use cold water.

At low temperatures, use warm water with temperature
close to + 20 °C.

Once MAPEFILL has begun to gain strength, protect the surface from too rapid evaporation of water, which can cause cracking due to plastic shrinkage, especially in hot or windy weather.

Moisten the MAPEFILL surface outdoors with water
within the first 24 hours or use an anti-evaporation agent.

Cleaning

Fresh solution is removed from instruments with water. After setting, cleaning is difficult and is only possible mechanically.

Consumption

1.95 kg/liter of cavity to be filled.

Package

MAPEFILL is supplied in 25kg bags.

Storage

Store MAPEFILL in its original, unopened container in a dry place.

Strato 4900

Problem

During repair work, problems often arise related to poor adhesion of repair solutions and the need to protect reinforcement from corrosion. In these cases, the use of STRATO 4900 is recommended.

Description

STRATO 4900 is an aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene copolymers, resistant to alkalis and water after application.

Purpose

STRATO 4900 is designed to increase adhesion in the manufacture of reinforced concrete castings, making the reinforcement chemically passive to cement mortars. It is also used as a primer when forming corner fillets and in other cases requiring resistance to shrinkage and good adhesion to the surface being treated.

P surface preparation

The surface must be thoroughly cleaned of dust, dirt, rust, small particles, oils and fats. Before applying the STRATO 4900 solution, the surface should be moistened until completely saturated, but without forming a film of water on the surface. The reinforcement bars must be stripped to bare metal.

Preparation and application of the composition

S TRATO 4900 is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:1, and then cement is added to the liquid until a solution is obtained with a consistency that allows application by brush. Subsequently, the applied solution should be applied using the “fresh to fresh” method. To increase the adhesion of repair mortars, STRATO 4900 is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:3. To give the solution increased water resistance, STRATO 4900 is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:2. After mixing with water, the composition is added to the cement mortar. Reinforcing bars are treated with a solution immediately after stripping.

PRECAUTIONS:

Protect from frost

Use at temperatures from +5 0C to +40 0C

Store at a temperature not lower than +5 °C

Do not use undiluted as a primer or adhesive bridges.

After use, rinse the tool with water

Ventilate the workplace

In case of contact with eyes or skin, rinse with water

Advantages

Makes the reinforcement chemically passive

Provides excellent adhesion to a variety of surfaces

Increases the water resistance of solutions

Reduces production time for concrete castings

Improves chemical resistance

SPECIFICATIONS:

Specific Gravity	1.0 kg/l
Dry residue
Color	milky white
Shelf life	12 months
Package	canister - 5 kg, 20 kg

PROPORTIONS FOR SOLUTIONS

	STRATO 4900	Water	Cement	Repair mixture
Thin layer for concrete castings			of necessity
Primer for promoting adhesion
Composition for coating reinforcement
Thin layer for repair mortar

Chloride-free liquid superfluid concrete admixture

Color	brown
The initial state	liquid
Package	canister 5 kg, 20 kg
Shelf life	2 years

Properties

FLUXAN mixed with solution:

Increases mechanical strength without reducing the amount of water in the solution

Reduces vibration requirement

Significantly increases the lifetime of the solution while maintaining its homogeneity

Increases water resistance and adhesion of concrete to reinforcement

FLUXAN is used for:

Self-leveling and synthetic fiber reinforced mortars, concrete castings of complex shapes

Reinforced and prestressed concrete

Pre-fabricated concrete

Ready-made dry mixes

Injection cements

Underground and surface concrete tanks and reservoirs

Foundations and panels subject to delamination and sulfate attack

Consumption

0.7 – 1.5% by weight of cement (Specific gravity of FLUXAN – 1.15 kg/liter)

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS:

pH factor
Ford Viscosity	11 sec
Dry residue by weight
Water solubility	full
Flammability	non-flammable

Fiberflex

Polypropylene fibers (fiber) for strengthening mortar and concrete mixtures.

Description

Short polymer fibers based on polypropylene, processed using special technology.

FIBERFLEX is reliably bound by hydraulic binders and is resistant to chemical and atmospheric agents, as well as to the chemical environment of hydraulic binders. The reinforcing properties of FIBERFLEX improve impact resistance, increase abrasion resistance, and reduce the possibility of cracks.

FIBERFLEX is used for restoration and renovation work, hole filling, industrial and domestic flooring, prefabricated building elements, reinforced concrete, shotcrete, decorative vases, fountains, fencing and façade finishing.

Mode of application

FIBERFLEX is added in a proportion of 1 kg/m3 to solutions with an average content of binding additives. For concrete, mortars with a high cement content or special concrete, it is recommended to increase the fiber dosage accordingly (1.5 kg/m3). Additives in larger quantities can be used if it is necessary to achieve higher quality indicators to prevent the formation of cracks, improve the quality of thin layers of mortar or lightweight products.

Reduces the possibility of cracking

Increases the thixotropy of the solution

Reduces shrinkage cracking

Increases mechanical strength

Improves solution quality

SPECIFICATIONS

Appearance	Fibers
Color	Straw color
Specific Gravity	0.91 g/cm3
Tensile strength	500 MPa
Toxicity
Modulus of elasticity	19 GPa
Thickness	20 µm
Length
Shelf life in a dry place in the manufacturer's packaging	Indefinite
Package	25 bags of 1 kg

Saturfix

Liquid waterproofing additive for mortars.

Color	white
The initial state	liquid
Density	1.01 + 0.02 kg/l
Package	canister 5 kg, 20 kg
Shelf life	6 months

SATURFIX mixed with solution:

Strongly reduces the capillarity of concrete, prevents the capillary rise of moisture, infiltration from leaks, and dampness brickwork

Does not damage fittings as it does not contain chlorides

Easy to use

Application area.

S ATURFIX is used to improve the waterproofing of concreteused in construction:

Foundations and foundation walls

Dams, piers, jetties, docks

Tunnels

Terrace and concrete roof

Channels, containers, tanks,swimming pools

Foundations and screeds in contact with the aquifer

And also for mortars and plasters used for:

Walls exposed to heavy rain

Floors and walls in basements

Elevator shaft

Preparationwaterproof mortar for plastering:

SATURFIX up to 1.0% by weight of cement (pre-mix SATURFIX with water)

If it is necessary to increase adhesion, the adhesion additive COLLASEAL is added to the solution, mixed with water in a ratio of 1:3.

Old surfaces must be cleaned of plaster, dirt, dust, oils, and salt crystals.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS:

pH factor 9.5

Ford viscosity 11 sec

Flammability not flammable

Mapelastic

Elastic waterproofing coating for swimming pools

Application area

Elastic waterproofing of concrete surfaces, base layers of plaster and cement beacons.

Examples of using

Waterproofing of concrete tanks for storing water, including drinking water.

Waterproofing bathrooms, showers, balconies, terraces, etc. before tiling with ceramic tiles.

Protective waterproofing coatings for retaining walls.

Elastic protection concrete structures small profile, subject to deformation under load (i.e. prefabricated structures).

Waterproofing protective coatings for concrete surfaces exposed to water and chemical compounds, such as anti-icing salts, sulfates, carbon dioxide etc.

Specifications

Mapelastic is a two-component composition based on binders, fine-graded aggregates with special additives and synthetic polymers mixed with water, produced according to a formula developed in the MAPEI research laboratories. After mixing the two components, the product turns into a homogeneous mixture that can be easily applied even to vertical surfaces with a thickness of up to 2 mm per layer. Due to the high content of high-quality synthetic resins, Mapelastic adheres well to any brick and concrete

surfaces. When hardened, it forms an elastic layer that does not allow CC>2, SO2, chlorides and sulfates to pass through.

Do not use Mapelastic to apply thick layers
(more than 2 mm per layer).

Do not apply Mapelastic at temperatures below +8°C.

Do not add cement, aggregates or water to Mapelastic.

Protect from rain and accidental exposure to water for the first 24 hours after application.

Preparing the base

A) For waterproofing protection of concrete

To ensure good adhesion, when preparing the base it is necessary to carry out additional preparation. The surface to be treated must be completely clean and intact. This is achieved using a water demolition system, sandblasting or washing with high pressure hoses.

Concrete surfaces must be completely free from dust, cement laitance, traces of formwork and mold lubricating oil, mold, loose joints and rust.

B) For waterproofing swimming pools

-Cement screeds

-Existing floors

-Spray

Preparing the mixture:

Pour Part B (liquid) into a suitable clean container, then slowly add Part A (powder) while stirring the mixture with a mechanical mixer.

Stir gentlyMapelasticwithin a few minutes, ensuring complete dissolution of the powder on the walls and bottom of the container.

Stir until smooth.

Application of the composition:

Using a trowel, apply a 2mm thick layer of the prepared composition to the surface. If necessary, apply a second coat after 4-5 hours. In areas subject to high stress, it is recommended to insert fiberglass mesh inside. The surface can be smoothed with a trowel five minutes after application.

The technical data table provides identification and performance characteristicsMapelastic.

Mapelastic has high resistance to chemical corrosion. Protects concrete from corrosion. Completely blocks the penetration of salt into concrete.

Consumption

1.7 kg/m3 per mm of thickness.

Package

MapelasticSupplied in 32 kg sets containing 24 kg of component A and 8 kg of component B.

StorageComponent A for 12 months. Component B for 24 months. At a temperature not lower than 5 °C.

Kerabond

Special adhesive for laying tiles, mosaics, marble and porcelain stoneware.

Purpose

Internal and external cladding with ceramic tiles and mosaics of any floors, walls and ceilings;

Spot gluing of insulating materials (expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, glass - and mineral wool, wood concrete, soundproofing panels).

Typical Applications

Laying ceramic mosaics on paper or mesh backing, ceramic tiles made of red and white clay, unglazed tiles, single and double fired tiles, clinker tiles on:

- Conventional lime and cement plasters;

- Ordinary concrete slabs and reinforced concrete bases, provided they are sufficiently dry and cured;

Description

KERABOND- gray or white powder consisting of cement, fractionated sand, synthetic resins and special additives developed by MAPEI. When mixed with water, it forms an easily processed solution with low lumps. The high adhesive ability of KERABOND will allow you to cladding vertical surfaces without any problems - even heavy tiles will not slip or fall off. KERABOND hardens without noticeable shrinkage and becomes very durable after setting. KERABOND adheres excellently to all common building materials and is weather and water resistant.

Attention:

Some substrates require preliminary priming when using KERABOND:

For plaster walls(regular, panel, spray coated) and gypsum-containing plasters, use a primer
PRIMER G;

For anhydrite substrates - primer PRIMER S or MAPEPRIM SP;

When facing ceramic tiles:

Prefabricated reinforced concrete structures industrial production;

Deformable bases made of asbestos cement, wood, etc.;

Seamless heated floors;

Aerated concrete also for laying:

Large format (more than 20 x 20 cm) ceramic tiles and natural
stone;

To lay KERABOND glass mosaic, you must not mix
water, and with ISOLASTIC latex additive.

Kerabond should not be used in the following cases:

For tiling plasterboard (use ADESILEX P22 or KERAFLEX) and metal surfaces (use KERALASTIC) with ceramic tiles;

For tiling deformable substrates with ceramic tiles (wood, asbestos cement, etc.);

For covering non-absorbent substrates with non-absorbent tiles - unglazed, single-fired tiles, earthenware, clinker, etc. (use KERAFLEX, KERAQUICK and GRANIRAPID);

For installations that require an adhesive thickness of more than 5 mm, ceramic floor tiles and natural stone(use KERAFLOOR).

Instructions for use

Preparing the base

All bases generally accepted in construction are suitable for cladding with KERABOND glue, provided that they are smooth, strong, solid and free from traces of loose plaster, mortar, grease, oil, paint, mastic, etc. The bases should not be subject to shrinkage or deformation. When covering cement screeds, it should be borne in mind that wet or incompletely cured cement will significantly increase the curing time of KERABOND adhesive. In hot weather, before tiling, moisten the sun-heated substrates with water.

Preparation of glue

Component ratio: from 28 to 30 parts of water per 100 parts of KERABOND, which corresponds to 7-7.5 liters of water per 25 kg of KERABOND white and about 6.5 liters of water per 25 kg of KERABOND gray. Mix KERABOND in clean water until a homogeneous mass free of lumps is formed. Leave the mixture to stand for 5-10 minutes and stir again.

Permissible application temperature: from + 5C to + 40C.

Applying glue to the base

Apply KERABOND to the base with a notched trowel; to select it and estimate the adhesive consumption, use the following table or perform the following test: lay the tile on a fresh layer of adhesive, press it and tear it off immediately.

The back of the tile should be covered with glue:

For interior walls and for areas of the floor with light foot traffic – approximately 2/3 of the surface;

For external tiled areas and floor areas with
heavy load from walking - 100% of the surface.

For good bonding of the glue to the base, lightly press it with the back of the spatula. Then “furrow” the surface of the adhesive with the comb side of the putty knife, creating an even layer appropriate for the type and size of tile.

Laying tiles

Pre-wetting the tiles is not required. But if the back of the tile is covered with dust, wash it with clean water. To ensure that the tile sticks well, press it firmly into the adhesive. At normal temperature and humidity, KERABOND applied to the surface to be coated is in working condition for 20-30 minutes. However, under unfavorable weather conditions (sun, dry wind, high temperature), as well as on highly absorbent surfaces, working time can be significantly reduced, down to several minutes. To increase the working time of the glue, it is recommended to moisten the surface of the base before applying it. To assess the condition of the applied adhesive, periodically check whether a film has formed on its surface. If a film has formed, the dried glue must be removed and a fresh layer applied with a notched trowel. It is not recommended to wet the glue after the film has formed, because this creates a water-insoluble film that prevents adhesion. The tiles are leveled no later than 45-60 minutes after laying. Tiles should not be exposed to water for 24 hours after installation. Within 5-7 days after installation, the lined surfaces must be protected from direct sunlight and frost.

Joining seams

If chemical resistance is required, use KERAPOXY two-component acid-resistant compound. Expansion joints must be sized so that they are completely filled and retain elasticity.

Cleaning up glue

Hands and tools are cleaned with water. Wipe coated surfaces with a damp cloth. Water should be used to clean the cladding only a few hours after installation and in moderate quantities.

Package

KERABOND is supplied in 25 kg paper bags and cardboard boxes containing 4 bags of 5 kg.

Storage

KERABOND should be stored in a dry and warm place.

Isolastic

Elasticizing additive for cement-based adhesives.

Purpose

For mixing (instead of water or for mixing with water):

KERABOND – universal elastic dry adhesive for ceramic tiles of any type;

KERAFLOOR - dry adhesive for ceramic tiles and natural stone in cases where an adhesive layer thickness of more than 15 mm is required.

Product Description

ISOLASTIC is a mobile pinkish-white polymer emulsion of a very elastic polymer, which, when mixed with cement-based adhesives, provides the latter with good adhesion to all substrates, as well as elasticity and impermeability after setting. Priming the bases with a mixture of ISOLASTIC and KERABOND gives them additional water resistance and water resistance. In addition, the addition of ISOLASTIC to KERABOND lowers the lower operating temperature limit of KERABOND from -ZOS to -40C. In hot weather, the KERABOND+ ISOLASTIC adhesive system has a short “working time”, i.e. processing time of the adhesive applied to the base. At the beginning of the setting period, a film forms on the surface of the adhesive solution; in this case, the applied adhesive must be removed, mixed and applied again to the base.

Attention:

The time for complete curing of KERABOND+ ISOLASTIC adhesive systems under normal conditions is 2 weeks. If objects such as ceramic tiled swimming pools, tanks, cold storage rooms, etc. If you want to put it into operation faster, use GRANIRAPID - an adhesive with good elasticity and fast curing.

Contraindications for use

Never use KERABOND+ ISOLASTIC adhesive systems for:

Finishings with natural and artificial stone, in conditions of deformation,
caused by humidity (use GRANIRAPID or KERALASTIC);

Cladding made from varieties of marble or natural stone that are subject to
fading, i.e. formation of salt stains (use GRANIRAPID).

Instructions for use

Preparing the base

All bases generally accepted in construction are suitable for cladding with the KERABOND+ ISOLASTIC adhesive system, provided that they are smooth, strong, solid and free from traces of plaster, mortar, grease, oil, paint, mastic, etc., and are also well insulated from moisture penetrating from below. Precast concrete and cast-in-situ concrete must be cured for at least 3 months under normal conditions (+20C and 50% relative humidity). Gypsum-containing substrates (hand- and mechanically applied plasters, factory-made panels, etc.) must be completely dry, sufficiently hard and free of dust. Before laying, they must be treated with PRIMER G or PRIMER S primers. When facing cement screeds Keep in mind that a screed that has not fully set or is exposed to moisture from below will significantly increase the curing time of the adhesive.

Component ratio

25 kg KERABOND + 4 kg ISOLASTIC + 3-3.5 liters of water. The ratio of components is determined by the required degree of elasticity of the adhesive layer. If maximum elasticity is required, completely replace the mixing water with ISOLASTIC - ohm. Such cases are: flexible substrates (e.g. wood, asbestos cement), poured concrete substrates with a curing time of less than 6 months, substrates subject to strong temperature fluctuations, as well as cladding with large-format (more than 30 x 30 cm) tiles.

In cases where good elasticity of the adhesive on a moderately flexible base is required, for example:

Sufficiently cured concrete with a curing time of at least 6 months;

Facing with small-format tiles (mosaic, tozetti),

You can use a mixture of ISOLASTIC + water in a 1:1 ratio for mixing.

Package

ISOLASTIC is supplied in plastic canisters of 25 kg, 10 kg and 5 kg. and in packages of 1 kg.

Storage

Store in a dry place. Afraid of frost. The guaranteed shelf life is 24 months in original, unopened packaging.

Kerapoxy

Two-component acid-resistant epoxy joint compound for ceramic cladding

Purpose

· Acid-resistant joint filler for floor and wall ceramic cladding with joints from 3 to 10 mm;

Acid-resistant adhesive for quick laying of ceramic tiles

· Adhesive for laying natural stone, asbestos-cement, and other building materials

Typical Applications

Filling the seams of floor and wall ceramic cladding in baths and saunas;

Filling joints in containers containing aggressive substances

Fastening acid-resistant ceramic tiles, marble steps and window sills, precast concrete elements.

Product Description

KERAPOXY is a two-component product that contains epoxy resin, hardener, silica and special additives that allow it to be used on both horizontal and vertical surfaces; Easily apply to the surface and rinse it off with water while working. Within a few hours KERAPOXY cures without shrinkage, after which it has exceptional adhesion, good mechanical strength and chemical resistance. KERAPOXY is available in 24 colors.

Contraindications for use

Good adhesion of KERAPOXY to the joint walls is only guaranteed if they are dry and not contaminated with cement, dust, oils, grease, etc.

Preparing the base.

The seam must be dry, cleaned throughout its entire depth from traces of cement, grease, dust and other contaminants. The adhesive solution must be completely cured and dry. When filling, the seams must be dry.

Preparing the mixture

Both components are supplied in pre-dosed form. Add the hardener (part B) to the epoxy resin (part A) and mix the mixture thoroughly to form a smooth paste. The use of an electric stirrer is recommended.

Processing the mixture

The seam is filled with putty using a flexible metal spatula or a rigid rubber float. For large volumes of work, KERAPOXY can be applied with a syringe filled directly from the container.

The room temperature significantly influences the curing time of KERAPOXY. The optimal temperature for use is 20°C, the paste is soft and easily processed within 45 minutes, and the surface is ready for pedestrian traffic after 24 hours. As the temperature decreases, the characteristics of KERAPOXY change; at 15°C, walking is allowed only after 3 days. At 20°C, chemical exposure can be exerted after 4 days, at 15°C only after 10 days. At a temperature of 10°C, the paste is viscous, difficult to mix and apply, and the curing time is excessively long.

Cleaning the cladding

After filling, floors and walls must be immediately cleaned of KERAPOXY residues with a hard sponge and water until completely removed, without allowing the putty to be washed out of the joints. Then remove excess water. If soiled, change the sponge promptly. Remove liquid residues with a soft rubber scraper.

Attention:Never use water or solvents to reduce the viscosity of KERAPOXY!

After filling the pool bowl, it must be prepared for further finishing. Now you need to decide what material will serve as the finishing for the concrete pool bowl. It is necessary not only to decorate the bowl decoratively, but also to give it maximum tightness, so choose finishing material you need to take it seriously. Below is an example of plastering a concrete pool bowl using Nivoplan Plus plaster mixture and a plastering station.

Preparation of plaster mixture for the pool.

When plastering pools with Nivoplan Plus, the manufacturer strongly recommends using a plasticizing additive based on Planicrete latex. When using a full-cycle plastering station, it is necessary to prepare water in advance, to which Planicrete plasticizer is added in the required proportions. After this, using pumping station prepared water is supplied to the plastering machine

1. The first stage is the installation of a basalt fiber mesh onto the pool bowl. The choice of this mesh is due to the fact that, unlike metal, it is not susceptible to corrosion
2. Before spraying, it is necessary to remove dust and moisten the surface of the pool bowl very well. To speed up the process, it is better to use a high pressure washer.
3. Next, we spray to install the beacons. To apply the spray, it is better to use a spray gun because... When adding Planicrete plasticizer, the mixture becomes very plastic, even liquid.
4. Next, the beacons are installed using a Bocsh GLL 3-80 laser level. When using this level, it is enough to simply maintain the parallelism of the walls, which is extremely important for further tiling with ceramic tiles.
5. The application of the main spray is carried out using a plastering station 2 hours after application of the spray. The plasticizer is pre-mixed with water in a barrel in the required proportion and supplied to the plastering machine using a pumping station.
6. The base layer is applied no earlier than 2 hours after spraying. After applying the main layer, “trimming” is carried out using the rule and subsequent grouting of the plaster

If you built a concrete pool, then you will have to finish its bowl. Finishing a pool is not a simple procedure, because the internal surface of the structure is constantly exposed to the harmful effects of water and additional hydraulic load. Therefore, it is important to buy suitable materials and apply a certain work technology. Optimal options Pool finishes are PVC film, tiles and mosaics. Let's talk about this in more detail!

Pool plastering

Any casting of a pool bowl will not turn out perfectly smooth, so the first step is finishing works is the alignment of the walls. IN in this case use the adhesive method of applying plaster or applying plaster over a mesh.

Plaster on mesh

Plastering on a grid involves the use of conventional sand-cement mixtures. However, these materials for finishing the pool do not provide reliable adhesion, which is why it is customary to first attach the steel plaster mesh and then apply the plaster. This method has its drawbacks: during the use of the pool, water can penetrate through the layer of plaster to metal mesh, causing corrosion of the metal, and the plaster may fall off along with the tiles.

Therefore, an anti-corrosion coating should be applied to the mesh, but, nevertheless, such an outcome is quite possible. To solve this problem, it is worth improving adhesion by creating a slightly rough surface of the pool bowl. You can use not steel, but glass or synthetic plaster mesh, as well as waterproof plaster mixtures that have good adhesion to concrete.

Applying plaster to glue

The adhesive method of applying plaster is as follows: before plastering, the concrete surface must be cleaned and treated with special impregnations that have deep penetration. Such impregnations contain different polymers: acrylic and epoxy resins, urethanes and others. They are capable of creating an adhesive layer to which the next leveling layer is glued.

There are certain requirements for the quality of plastering work performed. When plastering and finishing the pool, bulges, depressions and cracks are not allowed. Small irregularities, up to 1 millimeter in size, are allowed in quantities of no more than 2 pieces per 4 square meters. Vertical surfaces can have deviations of no more than 1 millimeter per meter.

Pool finishing materials

An individual pool is usually finished with glass or ceramic tiles, PVC film or mosaic. It is very rare to find a finish natural stone, for example, marble. When choosing a color, preference is given to different shades blue and green colors that create the impression of freshness and sea depth. The darker the color you choose, the deeper the pool will appear.

The design and finishing of the pool walls around the perimeter can be made from exotic breeds wood or coping stone. Plants around the pool should be planted in such a way as to create a protected area, the illusion of peace and the effect of privacy. You can decorate the pool with evergreens and bright ornamental shrubs. On one side you can make a Roman staircase that is immersed in water.

Tile

Tiles are installed differently in a swimming pool than in a bathroom. Here it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the mechanical effect of water on the material. The walls of the pool bend by several millimeters under the pressure of the mass of water. Thus, the tiles are laid at some distance from each other, and the grout and glue are chosen to be more elastic. Otherwise, when deflected, the coating will not withstand the upcoming load and, like the mosaic matrix, will become covered with microcracks.

You should use special porcelain tiles for finishing the pool, as they are more dense and have less water absorption than regular ceramic tiles for lining a bathtub. By the way, simple porous tiles quickly absorb water and become a breeding ground for algae and microorganisms.

Porcelain tiles are more frost-resistant and heat-resistant, which is especially important for outdoor pools, have high plasticity and do not absorb dirt. It is customary to lay tiles with an anti-slip, corrugated, rough surface near the pool and in the area where it rises and descends.

Mosaic

Mosaic is considered a reliable, wear-resistant material suitable for lining a swimming pool. It is customary to buy glass or ceramic mosaic tiles for a pool for similar reasons to choosing porcelain tiles. Such a mosaic has a high density, practically does not get dirty and does not spread fungus. The principles for preparing the pool base for finishing with mosaics and tiles are the same.

Glass mosaic does not absorb water at all. The cost of such a mosaic is quite high. The impressive price of laying a pool with such material will be paid off over time by its excellent appearance and wear-resistant qualities. Mosaic for pools is good because it can be used to create any ornament and pattern. In addition, mosaics are easy to cover any curved surface and corners that are inaccessible to conventional tiles.

PVC film

Pools can be covered not only with mosaics or tiles, but also with PVC film. This material is lightweight, has good waterproofing properties and is reasonably priced. True, the film on the walls will not last forever; its useful life is approximately 7 years. It is best used for an indoor pool.

The thickness of the film is 1-1.5 millimeters and it consists of 4 layers, which contain, in particular, a durable layer of synthetic material - Kevlar or polyesterol. The film is resistant to chemicals and ultraviolet rays. The coating is not attractive to harmful microorganisms and is easy to clean.

The market of modern building and facing materials offers two types of film. Polyvinyl chloride film is made on the basis of plasticized PVC and has a special impregnation that protects the pool from the negative effects of fungus, bacteria and spores present in the water. Color palette is quite diverse, and you can choose the material in accordance with your fantasies and preferences.

Butyl rubber film is characterized by improved durability and ductility. It can be easily cut with scissors and glued together. This material is indispensable for large tanks, when strength comes to the fore. Butyl rubber film is not afraid of the change of seasons; it tolerates fluctuations in temperature and pressure well, so it is ideal for working with any surface, even in harsh winter.

Do-it-yourself pool finishing

When the pool is built, a layer of plaster is laid using one of the above methods, a waterproofing layer is created and facing material You can start finishing it with peace of mind. Mosaics and tiles are laid almost identically, but working with PVC film, naturally, has its own nuances. Below is brief instructions on how to finish a swimming pool with your own hands.

Pool wall cladding

Typically, pool lining begins 1-5 days after plastering and applying a waterproofing compound. Mosaics and tiles must be laid using special adhesives or cement-sand mortar.

Cladding is usually done in horizontal rows, starting from the walls. Using a plumb line and nails, you need to install vertical beacons, and then hang a horizontal mooring cord made from ordinary fishing line along the upper edge. As you work, this line should be moved up row by row to control the straightness of the joints.

Adjacent tiles must be oriented with their entire plane along the vertical hanger and mooring cord; the tile should be lowered to the desired level by lightly tapping it with the handle of a spatula. The thickness of the facing seam is fixed with two steel pins or nails of the same cross-section. It is recommended to fill the joints with mortar only half the thickness of the porcelain tiles. After the row has been laid, you should attach a lath to the tile and lower it to the desired level.

If pattern and symmetry are important, then they start decorating the pool with their own hands from the middle of the row, and finish the row at the corners with halves or thirds of tiles. Although it is worth calculating the required number of full-sized tiles in a row from the very beginning of work. In this case, you won’t have to cut the material, and the pool lining will look neater. The joints that form between laid tiles are usually treated with frost-resistant and moisture-resistant grout, which matches the color of the tile or contrasts with it.

Pool bottom finishing

Laying the bottom of the pool requires special attention; it should be done at the corners of the triangle, and not in rows, or “in an envelope.” This applies to the case when the floor in the pools is not level, but has a certain slope towards the hole for draining the water.

If the drain hole is located in the center of the pool, then first it is worth identifying and marking the cut lines connecting the corners of the structure with the opposite corners of the drain hole. After carrying out such markings, the bottom will be conditionally divided into 4 triangles - the lining is made along them.

In each triangle, the laying of tiles begins with the wall row, without a slope. Next, it is customary to lay out a lighthouse row perpendicular to this row. Referring to the tiles in the lighthouse row, it is necessary to horizontally cover the surface of the triangle using incomplete tiles along the edges. Other triangles similarly begin to be laid out from the wall and lighthouse rows.

Finishing the pool with PVC film

It is customary to lay the film on carefully sanded surfaces, since otherwise it will rub off in uneven areas. First, a fastening strip should be attached to the surface of the pool with screws, which is a metal strip that is 2 meters long, 5-6 centimeters wide and 2 millimeters thick.

On one side, a plastic coating must be applied to the strip. The film is not glued to the surface, but is covered from the inside of the pool, pressing it tightly against the walls with water. If the bottom has a complex, uneven terrain, then installation of the film should begin from there. Geotextile is placed under the material - a polymer non-woven fabric that has a thickness of 0.5-1 centimeter. It can protect the film from condensation and damage. The edges of the film must be welded with hot air and rubbed with liquid plastic for complete sealing.

PVC film is also used when reconstructing an old pool or finishing a pool with your own hands, which is tiled and has problems with waterproofing due to the formation of cracks. In this case, the film is laid directly on the tile. In order not to overpay in the future for shortcomings and mistakes, we present to your attention a video on finishing a pool.

Thus, tiling a pool is a very labor-intensive process, which, despite this, is within the power of every avid and hardworking developer. After reading the article, you learned how to choose the right material for finishing, because there are many offered on the market various options, and how to lay the coating properly so that no water escapes. All you have to do is look at the photos of the pool finishing and you can start doing the work.

• When plastering a building, synthetic mesh is used instead of metal reinforcement, and iron dowels are replaced with glass ones. In addition to synthetic reinforcement, glass mesh is also used. These materials do not rust, so they do not have a destructive effect on the plaster. When using glass nails, some problems arise, so they are practically not used in the construction of private pools.

• Cement-polymer mixtures are modern look materials that can be used for finishing concrete bowls swimming pool These compositions have high strength and increased adhesion to the concrete surface. Thanks to the new mixtures, the surface becomes perfectly even. After using them, you can start decorative finishing pool walls.

Preparation of plaster for the pool

Cement-sand plaster has greater porosity compared to concrete. Therefore, in the future, moisture will still penetrate to the concrete base of the bowl. From this moment we can consider that the process of destruction has begun.

The fact is that in any concrete coating there are small cracks in which moisture accumulates. IN winter time year it freezes and the destructive effect begins. Despite the fact that the complete collapse of the structure will take several years, it is still better to prevent it. Let's look at some pool plasters that you can make yourself.

One option is waterproof plaster, which you can make yourself. To do this, you need to prepare such components as Portland cement M400, quartz chips and additives - liquid glass or superplasticizer.

Advice! The last substance is diluted with water in a proportion of 1/5 - 1/10. The resulting solution is added to the cement-sand mixture and mixed well using a mixer.

Three more additives: ceresite, calcium nitrate, sodium aluminate. Solutions are prepared from them in a ratio of 3 - 10%. The plastered surface is not susceptible to the aggressive action of any substances except phosphoric and fluoric acids. The superplasticizer is diluted with water and added to the mixture. However, the proportion is considered difficult to guess.

There are also mixtures that have a water-repellent effect. It is recommended to purchase such materials in a specialized store. If you want to prepare such a mixture yourself, you should purchase special cement in advance - VRC and quartz sand.

The solution is mixed in a standard proportion: cement - 1 part, sand - 3 parts. In addition, additional elements are introduced into the mixture - 2% of the total mass of the solution. An aqueous solution of sodium siliconate is mainly used as additives with water-repellent properties.

Important! To prepare this composition, use only quartz sand with a fraction of 1.2 mm. Before use, it is better to sift it to prevent foreign impurities of various substances.

Surface preparation

Before you begin finishing the concrete surface of the pool, you must carefully examine it. It is recommended that this procedure for examining the structure be entrusted to specialists. Especially if the structure was created not by your own hands, but by professionals.

It is important that the surface is smooth and that there are no cracks on it. With a thorough inspection of the walls, cracks can be identified independently. But in oval and round buildings it is very difficult to measure the evenness of the surface. Rectangular or square bowls are another matter: here it is much easier to determine the evenness of the walls.

The next stage is preparing the pool surface. The concrete base should be cleared of all debris and dust. Then treat it with a primer mixture, and be sure to penetrate deeply. It is able to penetrate deep into the concrete, resulting in a decrease in the material’s ability to absorb moisture.

Plastering procedure

Apply a layer of moisture-repellent mixture to the surface of the bowl. After the plaster has completely dried, you need to grout it. Now you can apply the second layer, the height of which will be 1-2 mm. This layer should give the surface a perfect smoothness. Be sure to let the plaster dry thoroughly.

When the solution has finally adhered, you can check the water-repellent property of the walls. To do this, you need to moisten them with water. If the work is done well, the surface will not darken, and droplets of water will roll down.

When using a plaster mesh, it is applied to the surface immediately after cleaning the pool walls. They attach it to the base using stainless steel fixtures, after which they begin plastering. This procedure can be seen in the video. Just like in the first case, after applying a layer of the mixture, it is leveled and allowed to adhere. Then they begin to apply the finishing layer.

If you can ensure that the concrete base of the bowl is properly finished, you will have a quality pool that, if well maintained, will serve you for many years.

To cover the walls of the pool, mixtures with special additives are used. The same compositions are used for the floor. The result is a stucco finish that does not allow water to penetrate into the concrete base.

The last stage in pool construction is decorative coating. Today, the walls of the pool are decorated with materials such as PVC film, mosaic and glass tiles.

Material for plastering a concrete pool bowl

"NIVOPLAN" (construction chemicals Mapei) is a special frost-resistant, high-strength cement-polymer composition that is used to level the walls and floor of the bowl. It is suitable for application to all traditional substrates, with virtually no exceptions. For plaster solutions and supporting layers, you can use the additive "IDROSILEKS", which is simply poured into water when preparing the solution. After this, the solution acquires water-repellent properties and can be successfully used to waterproof the bowl.

Technology for plastering walls and floors (bowls)

Plastering on a mesh is performed to strengthen the adhesion of the plaster layer to the base of the walls of the pool bowl. To do this, a metal mesh is attached along the entire inner perimeter of the bowl, along which a metal mesh is subsequently applied. plaster layer. This plastering technology concrete pools time-tested and proven to work well. But in conditions where the plaster layer is constantly exposed to water, sooner or later the process of moisture penetration under the plaster coating layer begins. This is due to soil movements, temperature changes and other influences on the walls that contribute to the occurrence of cracks in the plaster layer.

As a result, corrosion processes occur that destroy both the mesh itself and its fastenings. metal elements. As a result, the plaster layer, together with the glued tiles, will begin to fall off, and water leaks will form in the pool, the power of which will increase like an avalanche. In addition, the process of attaching the mesh itself requires shooting it with dowels to the concrete surface, which in itself will have a negative impact on the integrity of the concrete.

Therefore, in the pool, plaster over metal mesh is used less and less. The method of plastering on a polymer mesh, the use of glass nails, the application of adhesives and Mapei construction chemicals are increasingly being used.

The plaster layer is glued onto a surface that has previously been roughened mechanically. For this purpose they use plaster mixtures, having increased adhesion to the concrete base. Such mixtures consist of a special polymer that reliably glues the plaster layer, practically eliminating its peeling. To do this, the surface of the walls and bottom of the pool bowl is cleaned of dust and dirt, dried and impregnated with a mixing liquid, which, penetrating deeply into the thickness of the concrete through capillaries, strengthens the concrete surface, creating a good prerequisite for gluing. The composition of the sealing fluids includes various polymers: acrylic, epoxy, polyester resins, urethanes, etc. They are highly resistant, have good elasticity, and are insensitive to the effects of chlorine and microorganisms that actively develop in the aquatic environment of the pool.

Waterproofing of swimming pools with Mapelastic (Mapei)

Waterproofing membranes for concrete bowl

Waterproofing membranes serve to eliminate cracks in the pool bowl that sooner or later arise as a result of base movements, temperature changes and other physical effects on the bowl and foundations of the building in which the pool is built. The composition of such waterproofing can be different and depends on the manufacturer and its technological developments. As a rule, these are paste-like masses consisting of cement, sand, chopped glass fiber, and latex as a mixing liquid. Apply them with a spatula to the cleaned surface in two thin layers. In this case, a hard, but at the same time elastic film is formed, eliminating leaks in concrete when cracks have formed with an opening of up to 2 mm.

Material for waterproofing a concrete pool

Such membranes include Mapelastic (Mapelastic) Mapei - a two-component waterproofing material for swimming pools, which has virtually no analogues in its composition in the world. Its qualities have been tested at hundreds of the most elite properties in the USA, Switzerland, Germany, France, Canada and many other countries of the world, where swimming pools have long been built on almost all floors of skyscrapers, in prestigious houses and hotels. "MAPELASTIC" not only provides a complete guarantee of waterproofing concrete foundations, but also seals microcracks, is resistant to any aggressive environment and can withstand temperature changes from - 80 degrees. up to +90 gr. C. Apply it to the moistened surface in two layers (with a brush or spatula).

When the pool bowl has already given the necessary shrinkage for waterproofing, you can use "IDROSILEX PRONTO" - a mineral-based solution that gives an almost waterproof layer. It is applied with a brush or spatula to the damp base of the pool bowl in two layers.

If, for one reason or another, the pool leaks water, then it can be stopped using “LAMPOSILEX” - a powder hydraulic seal that stops water under pressure of up to 5 atmospheres. The set of final strength occurs in 15 seconds, which makes its use very effective.