Quality road surface today can be made very high thanks to the use of modern high technology. You can make the road surface with your own hands to be durable, aesthetically pleasing and durable, which will significantly save time and money. Due to its unique qualities, laying paving slabs with your own hands is becoming increasingly popular.

Paving slabs are very common in summer cottages. Knowing the technology, you can make it yourself.

Concrete paving slabs are used today to pave streets, walkways, and courtyards.

You can create two-layer paving slabs.

Paving slabs are used so widely due to the special composition of concrete, which has the following qualities:

• reliability and durability;
• increased resistance to mechanical stress and various types of loads;
• large selection of textures and colors;
• excellent performance characteristics;
• simple installation that can be done with your own hands, and for this you do not need to have special construction skills;
• increased resistance to frost, which is especially important in those regions of the country where severe cold occurs;
• maintaining and repairing them is not difficult;
• the appearance is very attractive.

You can make paving slabs of any size, color, shape.

Thanks to all this, concrete paving slabs are widely used to equip a wide variety of areas. It's great for creating original landscape design. Every year, concrete paving slabs are increasingly replacing such a common road surface material as asphalt. Its production technologies can be very different; a variety of components are used in production. It should be noted that cooking technologies differ not only in cost, they use a variety of materials.

One of the features paving slabs of concrete is that you can easily lay it with your own hands, you don’t need any special equipment and special knowledge. To lay paving slabs, you just need to prepare a compacted sand bed for it. Recipes for making paving slabs from concrete can be different; the most widespread are vibropress and vibratory casting. If there is a need, it is quite possible to make such material at home.

Cooking methods

After preparing the mixture, distribute it into molds and place it on a vibrating table.

If you choose a recipe for making paving slabs from concrete, such as vibratory casting, then first you need to prepare a special concrete mixture. It consists of the following components: cement (preferably brand PC 500), sand (it must be pre-washed), hardening accelerator, dyes, plasticizer, water. As soon as the mixture of these components is prepared, it must be poured into special molds designed for paving slabs. Then the filled forms need to be placed on a vibrating table, the surface of which continuously rotates. In order for concrete paving slabs to be of the highest quality, the mixture in the molds must be thoroughly compacted, then the molds are removed and placed in a drying chamber with special humidity and temperature. This recipe is becoming increasingly popular.

It all takes about 12 hours to dry, then you need to remove the molds from the chambers and extract the concrete mixture from them, which should have hardened by this time. The tiles are then placed on pallets and sent to a warehouse, where they gain greater strength over the course of several weeks.

Recipe for making tiles using a brick press. It implies the use concrete mixture, which must be placed in pre-prepared forms installed on a constantly vibrating station. This manufacturing recipe is that a punch (so-called) exerts significant pressure on the paving slab. back side Press forms). All this is done before the concrete mixture is completely compacted. When everything is ready, the molds are raised and the finished material is placed on a pallet. These forms need to be sent to a warehouse, where over the course of several weeks they will gain the required strength. It should be noted that this will require at least 28 days.

Each method has its own characteristics, their difference is as follows:

• if a manufacturing recipe such as vibration casting is used, then the material turns out to be very attractive: its surface is smooth and glossy, the assortment is very wide, the choice of molds is rich, and there is a wide range of colors;
• if a recipe using pressing is used, then the material is obtained with a rough surface, the geometric shapes are strict, all edges are parallel, the water-cement ratio of the concrete itself is low, which ensures high resistance to frost. It should be noted that a small amount of cement is used when producing this method.

So all these recipes for making paving slabs from concrete have their advantages and disadvantages, they complement each other perfectly.

Concrete composition

The composition of concrete, which is used to make tiles, is not complex; it includes the following materials: concrete, quartz and crushed sand, water, crushed stone, and various dyes can be used. But you must adhere to the following rules:

The composition of the concrete mixture for tiles includes: water, sand, concrete, crushed stone.

• for concrete you need to use heavy cement (grades such as M300, M400, M450 and M350 are suitable). If sand concrete is used, then the grade of cement should be from 400;
• the filler is quartz and crushed sand, in which the particle size modulus is from 2.6;
• for coarse aggregate you need to use crushed stone (you can take crushed stone from gravel, or from stone, in any case its size should be at least 10 mm);
• In order for the tile to harden, you need to take plain warm water.

To make tiles, special materials are used that give the tiles special qualities. In order for the tile to be resistant to strong temperature changes, air-entraining and water-repellent additives must be included in the composition. If you add materials such as polypropylene fibers, the wear resistance of concrete increases. Of particular note coloring materials, which help give the tile a unique appearance.

If you get a ringing sound when you hit tile on tile, then all proportions were observed correctly and the quality of the material is excellent. It’s worse when the sound turns out dull; in the future, this can lead to some problems in operation. This is due to the fact that when making the tiles, clayey sand was not of the highest quality or an excessive amount of water was used.

Making tiles

Paving slabs can be prepared with your own hands when there is no special equipment and tools. In this case, the composition will not differ greatly from the factory one. In order to do everything yourself, you will need the following ingredients: sand (it must be washed first), cement, special molds and water. As for the forms, you can also make them yourself. To make the material beautiful shades, you can use different dyes. Technologies for preparing such dyes may be different, so you should use only proven and proven ones.

To make your path stand out and be beautiful, add dyes to the solution.

As for the ratio of components in the production of concrete, much depends on the brand of cement that is used. It also depends on the mixing method. If, for example, a gravity mixer with a volume of 130 liters is used, then it is permissible to make a mixture from gravel. Materials such as cement and sand should be in a ratio of 3:1. As for the amount of water, it is added until the solution reaches the required consistency. Then you can add a plasticizer.

For example, if you take 30 kg of M400 cement, you will need to take 17 liters of water. You need to pour 1.5 buckets of sand and 7 liters of water into the concrete mixer. All this is mixed for 30 seconds, then cement (in full) and water are added (2 liters must be left). After some time, a dough-like mass is formed (it is ready when it stops sticking to the walls), you need to add 2 liters of water and the sand that remains, after which the mixture is mixed in a concrete mixer for another 3 minutes.

If you plan to make two-layer tiles, the composition will be slightly different. For the first layer you will need sand and cement in a 1:1 ratio. They should be stirred until you get a consistency reminiscent of sour cream. Then the resulting solution should be poured into pre-prepared molds. Next, a second solution is prepared. Its composition will be slightly different: 1 part cement, 3 parts sand and 2 parts crushed stone. The mixture is ready if it does not spread. To make it shiny, you can add a plasticizer. Ready mixture need to be poured into molds on the first layer. If everything is done correctly, you will get beautiful, durable and reliable tiles. Garden paths made from it will delight you with their attractive appearance for a long time.

The solution for the proportions of which will be presented in the article can be prepared independently. A need of this kind may arise after you complete the construction of the house and begin arranging the surrounding area. It can be produced without using expensive equipment; in addition, you do not have to involve additional labor, and not so much of your own labor will be spent.

Preparatory work before mixing the mixture

In order to prepare a solution for paving slabs, the proportions of which will be described in the article, you need to make some preparatory work, which consist of making sure that the entire set of tools and materials is available. Thus, a concrete mixer will be useful, but if necessary, it can be replaced with a container and a shovel. Among other things, the following will be useful:

• modifier;
• cement;
• water;
• sand;
• crushed stone;
• plasticizer;
• coloring pigment of the required color.

In order to achieve a positive result, you will need to follow the recommendations. It must be remembered that the quality of mixed concrete largely depends on the correctly selected components; in addition, there is a need to accurately maintain proportions. For this reason, you will need to buy M500 Portland cement, which should not contain any foreign additives. There are also requirements for crushed stone, expressed in fractionation within 5-10 mm. In addition, the crushed stone must be washed. As for the sand, it should be coarse-grained river sand. In order for the tiles to have color, a high-quality pigment dye must be prepared. A plasticizer will also be needed. But mixing should be done using exclusively clean water.

Concrete mix composition

The mortar for paving slabs, the proportions for which the master must know before starting mixing, must meet the qualities of frost resistance. You should not replace Portland cement M500 with M400, since the first of them belongs to the group of cements that are characterized by significant strength and early setting when compared with M400 concrete. may contain mineral supplements, the volume of which does not exceed 20% of the total amount, but sometimes even this amount is not contained in cement. Thus, PC II/A-Sh 500 has mineral fillers, but PC I-500 has a pure composition, and products made from it are able to withstand loads that reach 500 kg/cm 2 .

Mortar for paving slabs, the proportions of which are important to maintain, must be prepared using crushed stone with abrasion resistance within a minimum range of M800, this implies a strength of high or normal level. It is important to pay attention to the frost resistance index, which should be within F300-400, while this material will correspond in characteristics to granite crushed stone. The sand should not contain more than 3% impurities.

Additional components

The use of plasticizers, as well as superplasticizers, makes it possible to produce products that, after pouring into molds, do not need to be subjected to vibration. If you reduce the volume of water in the composition, you can get a solution that will be distinguished by its independent compaction qualities, in addition, it will be characterized by high strength. In order to obtain a product of the required shade, it is necessary to use materials that perfectly resist the effects of ultraviolet radiation, water and high temperatures. Concrete can be strengthened with reinforcement, which can replace metal reinforcement.

Mix proportions for preparing paving slabs

The solution for paving slabs, the proportions with the plasticizer for which are presented on the packaging of the last ingredient, can be used during the work. So, for mixing, you can use the following proportion: 1: 2: 2 (the first component is water, the second is cement, the third is crushed stone). Before starting work, the required amount of cement must be prepared. So, if you take 50 kg of additive-free mixture, then it will need 15-20 liters of water, which is approximately two buckets. The liquid must be poured into a concrete mixer. The plasticizer should be dissolved in a small amount of water, the temperature of which should not exceed 50 °C. Afterwards, the mixture must be added to the concrete mixer and mixed well.

Paving slabs, the composition of the solution, the proportions for the preparation of which are mentioned above, are made quite simply. At the next stage, it is necessary to add pigments, which should be used according to the norm prescribed by the manufacturer. Now crushed stone comes into play; it must be used for the above-mentioned volume of solution components in the amount of three 12 liter buckets. The crushed stone must be poured into the mixer. Now you can add a bag of cement, the volume of which is 50 kg. It is necessary to add in buckets, mixing thoroughly after each one. Then you can add another bucket of crushed stone and mix. Then you can add four buckets of sand to the mixer and mix. Finally, you need to add another bucket of crushed stone, mix the mass well and pour it into the molds.

The mortar for laying paving slabs, the proportions of which allow you to obtain durable products, must be mixed according to the recommendations presented here. In order to prepare a plasticizer solution, it is necessary to use the composition in dry form in a volume equal to 0.7% by weight of cement. The water for dissolution must be warm. After the plasticizer, a pigment dye can be added to the composition; it should be used in a volume equal to 2-5% of the total mass of cement.

Changing the proportion to increase the strength of concrete

If you are wondering what proportion of solution for paving slabs is needed, then you will probably be interested in the fact that you can add alkali-resistant glass or polypropylene fibers to the composition, which are necessary to increase the durability of the product; in addition, if you add similar ingredients, then the tiles will have the qualities of impact resistance and wear resistance, which is very important. It is necessary to select fibers whose length varies from 10 to 20 mm, while the diameter should be 10-40 microns. They must be used in an amount of 0.8-1 kg per cubic meter of concrete mixture. If you use such reinforcement, you can achieve an increase in the strength properties of the finished product.

Finally

If the proportions of the solution were chosen correctly, then after preparation the solution will be held in a slide on the working surface of the trowel, but if it is easily shaken, the mixture will immediately begin to spread. In the absence of a concrete mixer, you may not achieve the desired effect, in addition, you will have to spend much more time mixing the composition, but in individual construction it is advisable to use this approach.

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Paving slabs are a material for covering sidewalks, streets, approaches to buildings, parking lots and garden paths. They make it from natural stone, baked clay or concrete, the composition of which differs from concrete for general construction work. The consumer is offered a variety different types tiles that differ from each other in size, format and color.

The most common type of paving slabs is concrete slabs, which are produced in two ways: vibration casting or vibration pressing. Both methods provide durable, aesthetically pleasing attractive material. The strength of vibrocast products is ensured by the significant content of cement in concrete, and in vibrocompressed material the reduced amount of cement is compensated by pressing the mixture.

If you want to have original paving slabs on your site, you can make them yourself. To do this, they use the vibration casting method, which, if you know the recipe for making the solution, is quite applicable at home. Special forms that determine the format and configuration of the future product are filled with concrete, after which the mixture is compacted by vibration. Such forms can also be made independently from metal strips of various configurations, fastened together by welding.

The strength of the manufactured paving slabs depends on the composition, proportions and quality of the components used in the preparation of concrete. Equally important is adherence to tile manufacturing technology, which involves adding a dispersant or plasticizer to the concrete composition to improve technical characteristics.

Dispersant and plasticizer have the same origin, but differ in the proportions of their constituent elements and the content of the main active substance. The plasticizer contains a smaller proportion of the active substance, so the plasticizer can be used as a dispersing component, but the dispersant is not practical for plasticization due to the price factor.

Solutions for molding paving slabs

Let's look at the composition of the mixtures used to fill molds with your own hands at home.

Paving slabs consist of two layers: front and main. The functions performed by these layers are different, so the concrete compositions for their formation differ from each other. Filling the molds is done in two stages: first, the mold is partially filled with concrete for the front part, and then the rest of the volume is filled with the mixture for the main layer of the product.

Composition of the solution for pouring the face layer

The front part of the paving slabs should be glossy, highly durable, 1.5-2 cm thick.

Composition of the mixture for filling the front part:

• cement grade 500;
• ShchPS (crushed stone-sand mixture), screening – a mixture of granite or crushed gravel fractions 5-10 mm with sifted sand in a ratio of 1:1;
• water;
• dye;
• dispersant.

Preparation of dispersant solution

A dispersant is a special additive, a surfactant, a type of plasticizer, which is present in the recipe for preparing a solution to improve its fluidity, accelerate the setting of the mixture, increase hardness and add gloss to the front surface of the product. The use of this additive also facilitates the process of removing the material from the mold after curing.

When filling the front part, the dispersant NF (formaldehyde naphthalene) is widely used, which is available in two grades: A and B. Both brands have proven themselves well, but grade B is much more expensive due to the complexity of its manufacture. The compositions Dolapix PC 67, P-VKh-1-SKh and Genapol PF 80 Pulver are also successfully used as dispersing additives for first-layer concrete.

Do-it-yourself dry dispersant is dissolved with water at a temperature of 60 degrees in a ratio of 1:4, after which 1 liter of solution is added for every 50 kg of cement. Before use, the dispersant solution is stirred without heating. It is not recommended to store the finished supplement for more than 5 days.

The consumption of dry dispersant is 0.5-0.7% of the weight of cement.

When working with a dispersant, it is necessary to use personal protection from contact of the product with the skin, mucous membranes and penetration of its dust and vapors into the respiratory and digestive organs, as well as observe the rules of personal hygiene.

Mixing concrete for the facing layer

The proportions of cement and screenings when making the mortar for the first layer are 1:2, that is, one part of cement to 2 parts of screenings. Using a specific example, it looks like this: 8-10 liters of water, 0.75 liters of dispersant solution, 3 buckets of screenings, 3 buckets (36 kg) of cement and 3 more buckets of screenings are poured into a concrete mixer. When making tiles of uniform color, dye is first added to the water until the desired shade is obtained. The total amount of dye in the mixture should not exceed 4-5% of the batch volume.

If you need to make the next batch of the same color, the proportion of the dye should be remembered. Replacing gray cement in the recipe with white cement of the same grade 500 allows you to make paving slabs of bright colors. If you pour solutions for the front layer into the mold different colors Without mixing them thoroughly, you can get the original color of the tiles with your own hands, imitating the cut of natural stone.

To obtain a homogeneous mixture, all components are mixed in a concrete mixer for 10-15 minutes until homogeneous mass the consistency of thick sour cream, and the batch is laid out in a tub. To avoid delamination of products, the time interval between pouring the first and second layers should be no more than 20 minutes.

Composition of the solution for pouring the base layer

The concrete for the main layer of tiles has the same composition as for the front layer, but instead of a dispersant, a plasticizer is used, for example, SP-1 or Linamix P-120. To prepare the base layer solution, cement is mixed with screenings in a ratio of one to three. Calculation of plasticizer consumption is done identically to calculation of dispersant consumption.

Mixing the solution for the base layer

Let's bring specific example compliance with proportions when making concrete for the base layer. 10-12 liters of water, 0.75 liters of plasticizer solution, 5 buckets of screenings, 3 buckets (36 kg) of cement and another 4 buckets of screenings are poured into the concrete mixer. No dye is added when making the solution of the main volume of the product. The mixture is also kneaded for 10-15 minutes until it reaches the consistency of sour cream and placed in a tub.

For reference: to prepare concrete at home for 1 m2 of paving slabs with a thickness of 4.5 cm, you will need:

• cement – ​​20 kg;
• ShchPS (screenings) – 70 kg;
• dispersant (first layer) – 0.09 kg;
• plasticizer (second layer) – 0.075 kg;
• pigment – ​​0.6-0.8 kg.

Comments:

To make paving slabs in living conditions, you will need a properly prepared solution for paving slabs and a minimum necessary equipment. To prepare a high-quality solution, an ordinary concrete mixer is sufficient, but to make paving slabs at home, you will have to come up with a replacement for a special vibrating table with limiters and purchase or make your own forms for pouring.

To make paving slabs on your own, you need a properly prepared solution for paving slabs and the necessary equipment.

Methods and technology for manufacturing paving slabs

In industrial conditions, paving slabs are produced in two ways - vibration pressing and vibration casting. To organize vibrocompression of thick concrete mixtures, a special, expensive press is required, so there is no talk of using this method in domestic conditions yet.

Vibratory casting technology is cheaper and easier to use, therefore more widespread. This technology is used not only for the production of paving slabs; other concrete products are also produced using this method: pillars, road curbs, foundation blocks and even concrete plates panel houses.

The main working tools for the process of vibratory casting of paving slabs are a vibrating table and a concrete mixer. A vibrating table is a rigid steel structure with a vibrating working surface and is designed to compact bulk materials and remove air bubbles from them. A concrete mixer is used to mix the dry components of a solution, therefore, in production conditions, special devices with blades located inside the drum are used.

To prepare the solution you need the following materials:

• granite screening;
• cement M500;
• river sand;
• special plasticizers;
• water.

However, when making tiles at home, it is expensive to purchase a vibrating table, so instead they use a homemade vibrating table made from a rectangular steel plate welded to a corner. Then chocks or bricks are placed under the corner - it turns out working surface, capable of transmitting mechanical vibrations. It is enough to lightly tap the forms with the filled solution placed on such a surface, and the steel plate vibrating from the tapping will transmit vibrations to the solution in the forms on it, compacting it.

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Recipe for mortar for paving slabs

The recipe for a solution for paving slabs is quite simple to implement, but to obtain a high-quality final product you need to use only high-quality ingredients, and also strictly observe all proportions of the solution.

When making paving slabs at home, it will not be possible to strictly adhere to the GOST requirements for this type of product, so it is permissible to replace some components of the solution.

So, if it is impossible to purchase granite screenings, it can be replaced with homemade fine-grained concrete without compromising the final quality.

If you don’t have a concrete mixer, you can replace it at home with a construction mixer or an electric drill with a rotating attachment. If you don’t have any of the listed tools, and the amount of work is small, then you can prepare a fairly high-quality mixture by hand, using an ordinary shovel.

The composition of the solution to obtain 1 m² of tiles gray 45 mm thick includes:

• cement (20 kg);
• sand (22 kg);
• granite screenings (44 kg);
• plasticizer (75 g);
• water (15-17 l).

If you want to make colored tiles, you need to add a dye that matches the color to the mixture. For the indicated volumes, the consumption of coloring pigment will be at least 700 g, and if you want to get a more saturated color, its consumption must be increased. Also, in addition to the plasticizer, you can (but not necessarily) add a special dispersant to the solution for paving slabs to increase frost resistance. For the indicated volumes you will need 90 g.

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Sequence of solution preparation

The preparation of a solution should always begin with the preparation of a plasticizer and dispersant. They are prepared in advance, because... their main purpose is to significantly speed up the setting process of the solution. The water for preparing these components should be slightly higher room temperature- approximately 40º. To dilute 75 g of plasticizer you will need 5 liters of water.

First, the dry mixture is prepared. To do this, you need to mix sand with granotsev in a ratio of 1:2 until a homogeneous mass is obtained. When preparing colored tiles, the coloring pigment is mixed with these components at the same time. When mixing in a concrete mixer, the process takes 20-25 seconds. When using other mixing tools, the cooking time will have to be determined by the uniformity of the composition of the dry mixture.

Having achieved the desired result, add cement to the prepared mixture and mix everything thoroughly again. At the final stage of preparing the mixture, water is added, and at the very end, a diluted plasticizer is added. When adding water to the composition, you need to take into account that at the end a certain amount of water will be added to the mixture along with the plasticizer. If you lose sight of this, the mixture will turn out to be too liquid, and you will have to correct the situation by gradually adding sand and cement. When the solution is prepared in a concrete mixer, this will not create any special problems, but when preparing it with a shovel it will take a lot of time, effort and nerves, especially considering the fact that due to the added plasticizer the solution will set much faster, so you will have to mix not only thoroughly, but and as quickly as possible. A properly prepared mixture should stand in a heap on the trowel. But, poured into the mold, with the slightest tap on it, the mixture should spread, filling the entire space.

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Forming tiles from mortar

As soon as the solution is ready, it immediately needs to be poured into molds.

Delay in pouring is unacceptable, since the plasticizer added to the solution significantly accelerates setting.

The resulting solution must be poured into the mold first in a thin layer of 1 cm, and then pour the main layer on top.

Before pouring the mixture into molds, they still need to be prepared. The molds need to be lubricated with a special compound, which can be purchased at a hardware store. If you decide to save on this composition, you can lubricate them with regular sunflower oil, although such a process will look quite peculiar.

Each form must first be thoroughly greased with a paint brush and immediately after lubrication, also thoroughly blotted with a rag. The surface of a properly prepared pan should be slightly greasy, but there should be no visible drops of oil on its surface. Only in this case will the surface of the tile be even and smooth, without bumps or air bubbles.

The greased molds are placed on a steel plate, filled with the prepared solution and compacted within 2-3 minutes. To do this, you need to tap the plate with something quite heavy, preferably a wooden or rubber mallet.

In the first 30-40 seconds you need to tap quite intensely, then the intensity decreases so as not to overdo it and break the forms. You need to tap not in one place, but over the entire area of ​​the improvised vibrating table, so that all exposed forms are subjected to vibration of the same strength and frequency.

For landscaping work in the adjacent area, it is necessary to prepare a working solution - a mixture for paving slabs. With a significant variety of finishing materials, the most common is the most common tile, which has a rich color palette, convenient for work and economically beneficial for the owner.

To lay paving slabs, you need to prepare a special mixture.

First of all, you should evaluate all the advantages of the working material. Some craftsmen appreciate paving slabs because their installation does not require expensive equipment. A novice builder can organize the production of the mixture at home if the constituent ingredients are correctly selected.

What industrial mixture is used for installing tiles?

For production needs, the mixture for laying paving slabs is prepared following an exact recipe. The main task is to choose the right brand of cement, fractions of sand, crushed stone, and composition of additives. In this case, preference is given to granite crushed stone, although not every owner can purchase it. In this case, it is sufficient to use fine-grained concrete made from M500 cement, sand, C3 plasticizer and microsilica.

For each brand of cement, an appropriate dye is selected. Often cement is more intensely colored with dyes, and their replacement distorts the true color of the concrete. The solution is prepared in a concrete mixer. The equipment for the work consists of a drill with an attachment and a kneading mold. Sand is poured in a certain proportion: 5% of the color of the total volume of cement is taken for 1 part of the substance. The mixing process continues for 20 seconds. Then 2 parts of crushed stone of a fraction of 5-20 mm and grade 500 cement are added to the solution.

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Equipment for making working solution

Many developers prefer an economical option - preparing a solution for laying paving slabs with their own hands. Thus, to produce a high-quality composition, it is necessary to purchase components that meet the highest requirements.

Cement grade 500 has such parameters as: increased resistance of the material to loads, water resistance, and strength. First of all, you need to stock up on a sufficient amount of fine sand and fill the containers with water to bind the working solution.

How to equip work area for preparing a solution?

Experience shows that the master will need special restraints to hold the composition in a certain place for work, and a sufficient amount of gravel used to lay out the main layer. It is most advisable to mix the pre-prepared mixture using a drill. The base must be reliable and can support the weight of the tiles.

In addition to cement grade 500 DO, you should buy a dispersant in the amount of 90 grams, which is necessary to increase the stability of the solution to low temperatures and a plasticizer to give the working mixture a smooth surface.

The coloring pigment plays an important role: 700 g of the composition is enough to obtain a rich color. A concrete mixer is necessary to mix the working solution.

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The main components of the solution and their production at home

There are several additional materials for preparing the mixture used in the process of laying tiles. Almost always, cement composition, mastics and glue are useful in the work.

A strong solution is prepared from 1 part cement grade 500 and 4 parts fine sand. However, the resulting dry mixture is not ready for use. It is diluted with water until the required consistency of the solution is obtained. The composition of the sand mixture is improved by adding PVA glue in a ratio of 1:20.

Based on the experience of the masters, you can improve the composition by adding glue and tile mastic to it. At the same time, you should take dry sand for preparation and sift it well through a sieve.

A lot depends on the quality of the cement: a fresh composition used for work will ensure high-quality laying of the tiles. Good material flows freely from the palm, and the old cement shrinks into a tight lump. As for the proportion of the components to be connected, it depends on the brand of cement: for M300 the parameters are determined as 1:4, M400-1:5, and M500-1:6. The amount of starting material in the solution depends on the weight of the tile.

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The correct proportions of the components included in the mixture

There is another simple technology for making a working composition for laying tiles, when the required amount of the mixture is placed in a container with water. To work, you need to prepare the following tools and materials:

• ready mixture;
• water;
• container for mixing components;
• drill attachment;
• latex;
• PVA glue.

As for the volume of material, it should be calculated based on the total amount required for several hours of laying tiles.

Additional dilution is not allowed ready solution water, because its properties necessary to perform high-quality work change.

A mixture that has been stored for a long time loses its mobility: it should be mixed thoroughly.

It is forbidden to use hot or cold liquid to mix the solution. It is enough to dilute the mixture with water at room temperature to preserve the properties of the modifiers. Observing the proportions, pour the dry substance into the water, and not vice versa.