According to construction technology residential buildings Series II-18 are block type. They were conceived in the form of peculiar “towers” (as they are called everywhere), i.e. single-entrance high-rise buildings, but two-section buildings of this type were also erected; also in the capital one three-entrance house was built according to this project.

The first eight-story Khrushchev buildings were erected in 1958 in the Cheryomushki quarter, which was considered experimental. Subsequently, series II-18 houses were erected en masse in the 60s and early 70s of the last century, during the period of active development of such metropolitan areas as Degunino, Khovrino, Golyanovo, Perovo, Koptevo, Medvedkovo, Kuntsevo, Tishinka, etc. The 12-story version of the series was built in the Tver region, the city of Vidnoye, the Republic of Tatarstan, and the Vladimir region. In total, more than 1,200 houses were built according to the standard II-18 project.

The capital authorities raised the issue of demolishing houses II-18, but in the end it was decided to rehabilitate such buildings and they were included in the first place of the redevelopment plan (overhaul). From the mid-2000s to the present, in more than 250 houses in the series, window units have been replaced with new ones, communications have been modernized, loggias have been glazed, and in some houses, external wall insulation has been done and they have been lined with modern façade panels.

Design features of the series and facade finishing

The block external walls of the houses in this series are made of expanded clay concrete 40 cm thick, and the ceilings are hollow-core panels 22 cm thick. But there is also a “brick” version standard project- II-18/12 MIC.

Initially, II-18 had eight floors, then the designers added a ninth, and later increased the height of the buildings to 12 floors. Accordingly, the 12-story building received an additional elevator, apartments with three rooms, and the kitchen area was increased.

Due to the number of floors of building II-18, many have difficulty determining the period of its construction. However, this is still the same typical “Khrushchev” with transverse load-bearing walls, which include all inter-apartment walls and walls of staircase landings.

The doors of the elevator shaft and the loading valves of the garbage chute in buildings II-18 are located on the interfloor platforms. During construction, the facades of II-18 were not painted, but during the process of renovating the houses of this series, the outer walls were painted blue, yellow, pink and other colors.

Features of apartment layouts

In the layout of 2-room apartments in the series, homeowners usually do not like the opening in load-bearing wall between adjacent rooms. Most residents seal it up and form a new entrance to the room from the corridor, making the rooms isolated.

The standard disadvantages of this series include the adjacency of rooms in some apartments, as well as the small area of ​​​​kitchens and hallways. IN one-room apartments sitz baths. A more serious problem was a design defect: due to the fact that the design provided for separate foundations for the main facade and the remaining walls, in some cases the shrinkage of different parts of the high-rise building was uneven.

Specifications

Parameter	Meaning
Alternative name:	II-18
Construction regions:	In the capital, the districts of Koptevo, Basmanny, Beskudnikovo, Zelenograd, Degunino, Khovrino, Solntsevo, Obruchevsky, Zelenograd, Khoroshevo, Northern Tushino, Bogorodskoye, Metrogorodok, Shchukino, Kuntsevo, Aminyevo Zyuzino, Nagorny, Tsaritsyno, Nagatino, Izmailovo, Golyanovo, Tekstilshchiki, Kuzminki, Perovo, Medvedkovo, Tishinka, etc. Also, high-rise buildings under this project were built in the Vladimir and Tver regions, Tatarstan (Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny).
Construction technology:	block
By construction period:	Khrushchevka
Years of construction:	Moscow: 1958-1972, other regions: 1964-1975
Demolition prospect:	No demolition provided
Number of sections/entrances:	1 (sometimes 2)
Number of floors:	8, 9 or 12
Ceiling height:	2.50 m
Balconies/loggias:	Balconies in each apartment from the 3rd to the 12th floor
Bathrooms:	in one-room apartments - combined (“sitz” baths), in two- and three-room apartments - separate, standard baths
Stairs:	without a shared fire balcony
Garbage chute:	with loading valve on the interfloor platform
Elevators:	One or two passenger (load capacity – 400 kg)
Number of apartments per floor:	7 (in separate houses - 8)
Apartment areas:	Shared/living/kitchen 1-room apartment 35/20/9,7 2-room apartment 37-48/24-35/6-9,5 3-room apartment 64/47/9
Ventilation:	natural exhaust, ventilation units are located in the kitchen and bathroom
Walls and cladding:	The material of the external walls is slag concrete (blocks 40 cm thick). Inter-apartment walls are made of gypsum slag concrete (20 cm), partitions are made of gypsum slag concrete panels (8 cm). The houses were built without facade cladding.
Roof type:	flat, coating - roll
Manufacturer:	Precast concrete plant No. 2 (currently part of MPSM - a production division of the corporation)
Designers:	SAKB APU Moscow (now MNIITEP).
Advantages:	The layout allows you to isolate adjacent rooms if desired. The kitchens are large in size, the bathrooms are separate (in most apartments).
Flaws:	Small hallways. Due to the fact that the design provides for separate foundations at the main facade and the remaining walls, in some cases uneven shrinkage of various parts of the high-rise building occurs.

Igor Vasilenko

Moscow has everything! This also applies to a wide variety of standard buildings. Let's highlight the most popular and massive series. So? What house do you live in?

1) P-44 series

17-story buildings from 1978–2000. Distributed in most residential areas. Quite a good solution for panel construction.
Habitats: Chertanovo, Nagatino, Strogino, Krylatskoye, etc.

Pros: Freight elevator, isolated rooms, normal-sized kitchen
Cons: ceilings 264 cm, combined with a unit in one-room apartments.

2) series II-03

5-storey buildings from sand-lime brick were erected in the 50s.
Districts: Akademicheskaya, Shchukino, Kuntsevo.

Pros: 300 cm ceilings, solid area, insulation of rooms, good sound insulation.

Cons: no elevator, old balconies.

3)series II-04

8-story houses made of slag concrete were erected in 1954–1960 along wide streets. Similar series II-05, the same thing, but without one-room apartments.

Districts: VDNH, Polezhaevskaya, University, Komsomolsky Prospekt

Pros: Ceiling height, area, room insulation, excellent sound insulation.
Cons: worn out communications, no freight elevator.

4) P-44(improved)

Modernized P-44 series with a pitched roof and a facade imitating brick. 17- and 25-story buildings were erected after the demolition of Khrushchev-era buildings in 1997.

Districts: North and Yuzh. Butovo, Mitino, Sviblovo, Medvedkovo and Cheryomushki.

Pros: ceilings 275 cm, large kitchens, sound insulation, glazed loggias, freight elevators.

Cons: Combined with a unit in one-room apartments.

5) series II-18

8-12-story towers made of blocks were built in residential areas in 1958–1972, and can also be found in the city center.

Districts: Shchukino, Izmailovo, Fili, Presnya, Khoroshevo-Mnevniki, Tushino, Medvedkovo, Basmanny.

Pros: the houses have now undergone major renovations.

Cons: ceilings 250 cm, small kitchen area, combined with a unit in one-room apartments.

6)series II-08

8-story brick Stalin buildings built in 1957-1962

Districts: Leninsky Prospect, Profsoyuznaya St., Shchukino, Presnya, Airport

Pros: ceilings, area, insulation of rooms and noise.
Cons: No freight elevator, kitchen area in one-room apartments

7) KOPE

18- and 22-story buildings with a variety of external forms have been built in Moscow since 1982.

Districts: Ostankino, Strogino, Mitino, Yasenevo, Maryino, Sev. Butovo.

Pros: Various layouts, 6-room apartments, freight elevators, large kitchens, increased thermal insulation
Cons: ceilings 266 cm, poor sound insulation.

8)I-521a

25-story unusual towers with a rigidity core made of a monolith. Built in 1970–1980

Districts: Khoroshevo-Mnevniki, Chertanovo

Pros: 4-room apartments, 2 freight elevators, kitchen area, loggias, halls.

Cons: ceilings 264 cm.

9) II-57

9- and 12-story buildings with adjacent balconies and one-room apartments were built in 1964-1978.
Districts: Konkovo, Golyanovo Chertanovo, Teply Stan, Kuntsevo, Izmailovo.

Pros: freight elevator in a 12-story building.
Cons: ceilings 264 cm, small kitchens.

10)1-510

A series of block five-story buildings built in 1957–1968

Districts: Fili, Shchukino, Izmailovo, Presnya, Khoroshevo-Mnevniki.

Pros: you can arrange a redevelopment.

Cons: ceilings 248 cm, small kitchens, poor layout, combined with/green, no elevator or garbage chute, sound insulation is not up to par.

11) Vulykha Tower

The 14-story frame brick towers were built on a spot basis in 1967–1986.

Districts: Novoslobodskaya, South-West, Zamoskvorechye, Kuntseevo, Shchukino, Nagatino.

Pros: 270 cm ceilings, large kitchens, freight elevator, excellent thermal insulation

Cons: small apartments.

12) P-55

14-story buildings have been built in Moscow since 1978.

Districts: Strogino, Yuzh. Butovo, Tushino, Mitino, Novokosino, Novogireevo, Kuntsevo.

Pros: 4-room apartments, increased sound insulation, spacious kitchens, 2 elevators.

Cons: ceilings 264 cm, narrow rooms, it is difficult to redevelop.

13)1MG-601D

The 16-story glazed towers were built in 1963–1972.

Districts: Nagatino, Kuntsevo, South-West, Cherkizovo.

Pros: Freight elevator, bicycle storage, 4-room apartments.

Cons: ceilings 264 cm, small kitchen, no balconies.

14) P-46

14-story buildings with a characteristic arrangement of balconies were built in the 1971–1990s.

Districts: South. Butovo, Sev. and Yuzh. Tushino, Lyublino, Golyanovo, Altufyevo, Chertanovo, Maryina Roshcha, Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo.

Pros: 2 elevators, excellent kitchens and loggias, possibility of redevelopment.

Cons: ceilings 264 cm.

15)1-511

Five-story brick buildings built in 1958–1969.

Districts: Perovo, Khoroshevo-Mnevniki, Izmailovo, Cheryomushki, Shchukino, Sev. Tushino, Khovrino, Golyanovo, Novogireevo, Airport, Tsaritsyno

Pros: good opportunity redevelopment, balconies.

Cons: 248 cm ceilings, small kitchens, poor layout, no elevators or garbage chute.

Most housing in apartment buildings Moscow and the Moscow region are apartments in serial (standard) houses. A series of houses is a group of residential buildings with identical apartment layouts, engineering structures and building materials used. The layouts in such houses are called standard. You can combine different series of houses based on wall material or time.

By used building materials Three main types can be distinguished:

• Brick houses- standard series, external walls which are built of brick.
• Panel houses- standard series, built from ready-made reinforced concrete panels.
• Block houses— standard series, the external walls of which are built of concrete blocks.

Based on time, four main construction periods can be distinguished:

• Stalin series are standard series of houses designed in the 1950s. The houses are mostly brick or block. Distinctive features- high ceilings, spacious rooms, large corridors and kitchens.
• Khrushchev series - standard series of houses designed between 1956 and 1964. The houses are mostly panel, sometimes brick. Distinctive features are small kitchens, lack of elevators, combined bathrooms, poor heat and sound insulation.
• Brezhnev series are standard series of houses designed in the USSR from 1965 to the end of the 1980s. There are both brick and panel and block projects. The number of floors gradually increased, first to 9, and then to 17 floors. Later projects are distinguished by a wide variety of designs and successful standard layouts. The most successful Brezhnev series were modified and are still being built today.
• Modern series are standard series of houses designed since the early 1990s. They differ from the previous ones in their attempt to add individual features to standard houses; houses of variable number of storeys appear, combined houses, apartment layouts become more spacious, the external and interior decoration buildings.

The site features most of the model series of homes built since the 1950s. Those. 90% of all possible options typical apartments and houses presented on the market of Moscow and the Moscow region.