Multi-storey buildings with a wet facade. Main nuances of the work. There are two types of repairs to external walls:

Very often the problem is dilapidated façade plaster, which can fall off in large pieces. Such old plaster needs to be removed, that is, knocked down and the house re-plastered. After this, the facade can be painted.

To spend major renovation When engaging a municipal contractor, the following documents are required:

Protocol on joint decision-making on major repairs of the building’s façade
Approved list and cost of work
Application for major repairs and inclusion of this building in the targeted municipal program for major repairs. It is submitted to the management organization of the HOA.

Read also in addition to this material.

In this situation, some part of the money for major repairs must be allocated from the federal budget, and the other part from the municipal budget. Tenants bear a third of the costs.

But it is advisable for the residents of the house to take care of themselves to draw an opinion about the condition of the building structures and engineering systems. The conclusion must be drawn up by a competent person, taking into account the compliance by the residents of this house with all the rules and regulations for the operation of such a building. If you have such a document in your hands, it will be easier to achieve a positive decision on facade repairs.

Types of facade repairs

One type may be with further plastering. For this type of work, it is important to follow the instructions for installing foam plastic. There are many cases where, after a strong wind, one of the walls of a building was exposed, as all the panels were torn off.

Video: Facade insulation technology apartment building foam plastic

Installation of foam blocks must be done using foam glue or for ceramic tiles. It is worth applying glue to the panel in five places (in the center and in the corners). Then the foam is glued to the wall. It is also easy to use glue to seal joints between sheets and corner seams where wind can get in.

After the panels have been glued, they need to be reinforced with dowel mushrooms. And even in such situations they can be torn off by a strong gust of wind. Before insulation, the wall must be primed, and if necessary, it can even be washed with water under pressure from a hose.

Recently, they have become popular, facing from different materials. But this type of work looks like changing the facade of a building, so it is not covered by the renovation law.

Often such finishing of buildings is carried out with the mutual consent of the homeowner and tenants. What if the apartments were privatized? Then an act is also needed on the decision of all residents of the house to carry out repairs to the facade. It should be approved by the relevant governing bodies.

After full approval, you can hire a contractor and begin work. repair work. The cost of such work will depend on what material the ventilation façade was lined with.

The suddenly increased relevance of insulating the facade of an apartment is, in particular, associated with the rapid rise in prices of energy resources and housing and communal services tariffs, which necessitates the need to save money and more efficiently use heating resources.

The problem is that most of those currently in use apartment buildings were built almost half a century ago, and their thermal insulation is not nearly as effective as their owners would like.

Statistics show that heat loss through the walls of a house reaches 50% of the total amount of heat loss, which, you see, is more than significant. This indicator primarily depends on the design features of the house itself, for panel houses it is maximum, for brick ones it is somewhat less.

Insulation of apartment facades is beneficial, no matter how you look at it, if you have heating system, then you can save about 20% of the amount previously spent on gas consumption, and if you are connected to central heating– then the average temperature in the room will increase by at least 3-4 degrees (and if you set it, by 5-6).

1 Legal features

According to federal laws, unauthorized changes to the facade of an apartment building are prohibited, therefore, in order to insulate the walls of an apartment, you will need to obtain permission from the relevant authorities (housing and communal services).

Usually, obtaining a permit is not accompanied by any special difficulties; to do this, you just need to go to the housing and communal services department and talk with the people responsible for this; sometimes you may need to write a petition in your own hand, which indicates that you will take full responsibility for the safety of performing wall insulation work on a multi-story building . However, there are situations in which insulation can be refused.

As a rule, it is difficult to obtain permission to insulate the facades of new houses located in the city center. If you refuse, the only thing left for you is to insulate the walls from the inside of the house, which can also ensure high efficiency of thermal insulation of the apartment.

Moreover, joint insulation of facades with is much better in purely technical terms, since the occurrence of a dew point is prevented, which is formed due to the difference in the freezing temperature of insulated and non-insulated sections of facades, as a result of which the walls of the apartment expand and contract in different ways, which can threaten their accelerated destruction.

Also, if the technology for insulating the walls outside the apartment is incorrect, moisture may get under the insulation, which, when freezing in the cold season, expands and peels off. thermal insulation material from the wall of the house. As you understand, monolithic insulation installed for several apartments at once is less afraid of such troubles.

1.1 Selection of performers

As a rule, all work on facade insulation multi-storey buildings carried out by special companies or industrial climbers. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right contractor who has the necessary knowledge, experience, and all the required permits.

Since insulating the walls of an apartment from the outside is related to high-altitude work, which is directly related to risk, do not be surprised that the cost of paying the contractor will exceed the total cost of materials for the work - professional industrial climbers know the price of their work, and, as a rule, do not work for cheap.

Be sure to require that the performer show you documents such as “License to conduct construction work" and "Permit to carry out high-altitude work", it would also be a good idea to find out feedback from previous clients of this company or a team of workers - whether they are satisfied with the result, how long it took to insulate the walls of the apartment, how the contractor approaches the performance of his duties, etc.

It is also recommended to check with the contractor the addresses of houses in which they have already performed similar work with, and go and look at the quality of the facade insulation. Such precautions, although they take a lot of time, will help you avoid many problems associated with unscrupulous performers in the future.

Once the contractor is selected, he must draw up design documentation related to the specifics of the work, namely:

Drawings of apartment facades, with detailed dimensions window frames, cornices, and others architectural elements, present outside the house;
Data on the boundary loads that the walls of the house may experience;
Thermal insulation class of the walls of the house - this point is the starting point when choosing the material used to insulate the walls of the apartment both outside and inside.

2 Selection of thermal insulation material

Insulation of apartment facades can be done with the following materials:

Foam plastic;
Expanded polystyrene;
Mineral wool (very effective);
Foam glass.

Each of these heat insulators has its own advantages and disadvantages, which determine the relevance of their use in a specific situation.

Foam insulation is the most budget-friendly, and therefore the most common option. Polystyrene foam can be used to insulate anything and anywhere, even when the effectiveness of a given heat insulator will obviously be lacking. The pursuit of cheapness is the main mistake of most people, since using low-quality thermal insulators you will not get the expected effect from insulation.

In general, if the walls initially have a normal thermal insulation class, then insulating the outside of the building with foam plastic may be quite sufficient. If you decide to insulate your house with polystyrene foam, then keep in mind that the higher the density of this material, the less heat-conducting properties it has, and, as a result, it is better suited for insulation.

Expanded polystyrene is also a fairly inexpensive material, and, at the same time, its thermal insulation properties are an order of magnitude better than those of conventional polystyrene foam.

The advantages of this material include minimal weight, ease of installation (it is great for cladding a corner apartment), and hydrophobicity - polystyrene foam does not actually absorb water, which has a positive effect on its service life.

The disadvantages of expanded polystyrene are the following: instability to fire (requires the installation of special fire protection jumpers), and lack of sound insulation. Expanded polystyrene, in general, is excellent for both thermal insulation of walls outside and inside the house.

Mineral wool is one of the most effective insulation materials, however, the cost of this material significantly exceeds the cost of analogues, therefore, it is used quite rarely for thermal insulation of facades.

The advantages of mineral wool include fire safety (the material does not burn), hydrophobicity, and good sound insulation properties. Significant disadvantage Mineral wool has only one thing - a relatively large weight, as a result of which its installation on the facade of a building is carried out with a large number of fastenings (dowels).

Foam glass is the most expensive material used to insulate apartment facades. If you are not limited in funds, then you should give preference to it, since this insulation has excellent thermal insulation properties, durability, and hydrophobicity. Foam glass does not burn, it does not harbor fungus, mold, or other microorganisms.

In addition to the insulation itself, you will need to purchase a large number of related materials, such as:

Construction adhesive, liquid polystyrene foam, dowels - for fastening;
Plaster mixture - to level the surface;
Primer - for additional waterproofing of the insulation, and for better adhesion of the plaster to the paint;
Mesh for reinforcement - to strengthen the plaster layer;
Facade paints for - as a rule, housing and communal services require that the insulation be painted with paint that matches the main color of the building.

Payment to the contractor is made upon completion of all work, according to a report drawn up by the foreman, which indicates the entire range of work performed, and the individual cost of each element.

They are used for insulation of pipelines.

The exterior decoration of any building is designed to ensure not only the attractiveness of the facade, but its reliability and additional insulation. The facades of multi-storey buildings are no exception to the rule; they also require finishing with various materials.

On Internet pages and in catalogs of construction companies engaged in facade works V residential buildings, you can find many photos of luxurious facades. But in reality, it is very problematic to complete some projects, because multi-story houses must fit into the architecture of the city.

Special points when finishing multi-storey buildings

Facade finishing high-rise buildings, residential or other purposes, has several nuances.

Facade work on multi-storey buildings is more complex in execution technology. Therefore, they take longer compared to low-rise buildings.
For these purposes, it is necessary to use scaffolding.
In some cases, the services of industrial climbers are necessary.

Advice! To save some money, you can rent scaffolding and use the services of climbers only when necessary.

Finishes used

At the moment, two main finishing methods are widely used.

Wet facades

This finishing method involves the use of a variety of facade plasters or various facing tiles. As can be seen in the photo, this method is characterized by structural integrity and reliability of the coating. However, the complexity of the process and the availability large quantity construction waste limit the use of this method. One of the advantages is the affordable price of plastering facade work.

Ventilated facades

This modern version finishing the facades of residential buildings is optimal for multi-storey buildings. Such systems are characterized by the following indicators:

This finish is distinguished by the presence of an air gap between the outer surface of the wall and the facing material. This helps prevent the formation and accumulation of condensation on the inner surface of the insulation. Which, in turn, extends the service life of the insulation itself and the structure as a whole.
Such hanging systems allow the use of a wide variety of materials as cladding panels, which allows you to create an original appearance of the building.
Installation of ventilated systems allows not only to give aesthetic appearance home, but also with the use of modern insulation to achieve a significant reduction in heating costs.

It is this technology that is most often used when finishing the facades of multi-storey buildings for various purposes.

Advice! If you want to keep up with the times and use in construction modern technologies– choose ventilated curtain facades.

Materials for ventilated facades

The panels used for the installation of ventilated facades can be very diverse. The most used are:

Aluminum panels - with low weight, have high mechanical strength and durability, and increased anti-corrosion properties. A façade like the one in the photo looks great and adds solidity to the appearance of the building.
Vinyl panels are also lightweight. This cladding material is easy to install, flexible and somewhat cheaper than aluminum panels, which plays a role when cladding large areas.

Facade panels from composite materials durable and practical. Light weight and convenient size panels allows you to quickly and easily create an original and fresh building design.

Advice! Material selection and general style a multi-storey building within the city must be approved by the relevant authorities.

Choosing a material for cladding the facade of a multi-story building is quite a difficult task. In addition to some approvals, it is necessary to take into account the cost and characteristics of the material and pay Special attention professionalism of the installers.

Diversity modern materials allows you to give your country house almost any type, regardless of what it is made of. The finishing will be limited only by your taste and imagination. But even if the first quality is an individual characteristic of each person, then the second can be developed ad infinitum. Therefore, we have collected for you 50 photo options for the facades of private houses of unusual design to inspire you to new architectural feats.

In the last article we looked at the main materials for finishing the facade of a private house, their properties and characteristics. Therefore, in this photo gallery we will look at real examples And various options exterior finishing modern houses from these building materials.

Decorative plaster in facade design

The most popular method of leveling and decorating walls is facade plaster. The main advantage of this type of finishing is that the mills can be “decorated” with any colors and combinations. And if you get tired of the facade design, you can repaint or update it.

The red and white combination of finishing the facade with plaster harmonizes wonderfully with the dark roof and window frames

On the picture classic combination white and purple – the house is visually divided into 2 zones

Another combination of red and white private house

A more austere look of the façade – steel gray and red combined with a red roof

And another option for finishing in red and gray plaster

Also facade plaster can be “diluted” with other elements - for example, tiles and mosaics

The option of finishing with white and blue flowers looks beautiful

Just a white option - not entirely practical for private houses, but it looks very harmonious with any window and roof materials

The house in the photo is strict gray looks a little gloomy and minimalistic

It also looks minimalist at home in a light brown solid color.

I just want to complement the wall design in lilac-orange tones with flowering flower beds and flowerpots

As you can see, there are a huge variety of different color combinations when finishing with plaster. Beautiful facade You can do it wisely by choosing the right color scheme.

Siding and wood in facade decoration

The next finishing option that we will consider is siding and wood paneling. In our country, these are the most popular and common cladding methods, primarily due to their cost-effectiveness.

Vertical cladding in taupe wood tone

Minimalistic pine wood finish

Another a private house in a modern style with wood trim

Looks simple but neat

More expensive type of wood cladding

Cladding the facade of a house with vinyl siding

An example of siding decor a natural stone

Vinyl combined with finishing the base of a private house with natural stone siding

This photo shows a view of tile siding

The imitation of façade finishing with logs looks realistic only from a long distance

Finishing the facade with clinker tiles, brick and natural stone

More “monumental” for private houses is the use of facing bricks, clinker tiles and natural stone. The facade will be strong and durable in any climate. But this type finishing is the most expensive and time-consuming.

Using clinker bricks when building walls will save money.

Natural stone will give the house a touch of antiquity, especially when combined with a red tile roof

Tiles are actively used for the facades of modern houses in the minimalist style.

A house that uses wood, natural stone and decorative plaster

You can diversify the finish using different color combinations clinker tiles

The use of clinker bricks for a modern style house

A country house using various combinations of clinker tiles - looks great with a metal roof

On this 3D project unusual design...roofs!

If you want your house to look like a castle, then feel free to use gray natural stone to decorate the facades

This option of stone in combination with a tiled roof is more suitable not for a home. and for a villa

We could not pass by this private house - under the ivy-covered walls the material is difficult to recognize

Another combination of stone and tiles

In this house, part of the wall above the garage is finished with vinyl siding, while most of the facade is clinker tiles. Either there was not enough money, or it was inconvenient to install. In any case, it looks harmonious.

Mixed facades of private houses

Sometimes several materials are used to cladding the facade of a private house. The main thing is to choose the right combination. Can help in this matter professional designer. We invite you to look at photos of the appearance of houses “unspoiled” by this approach:

Classic combination - plaster + clinker tiles

More difficult is the combination of light wood and facade plaster

It would seem an impossible task to combine vinyl panels with natural stone. But in in this example the designer managed to do this.

Plaster, clinker tiles and wood were used for this 3D project

An unusual approach to the geometric use of wood panels

Wood and plaster finishing

A combination of wood, plaster and natural stone was used for this private house.

Finishing modern house tiles and wood

House with unusual use of wood and plaster

Another home modern style with tiles and wood

An excellent combination for facades is clinker tiles and decorative plaster.

To implement such a finish, you definitely can’t do without a designer.

Natural materials are great for combining the appearance of the walls of a private home, for example, natural stone and wood

3D house project using clinker tiles and plaster

Correct selection of roofing and materials

And a completely unthinkable combination for decoration - vinyl siding and slate natural stone.

Modern technologies make it possible to perform quite reliably exterior finishing houses of any height and configuration using the ventilated facade method. The main advantage of using this method is that the walls of the house are transformed according to the most intricate options of the owners and are insulated with high-quality material.

General description and structure of ventilated facades

The structure of the structure resembles a layer cake. It consists of several “layers” that perform certain functions, and together are called ventilated facades:

Metal subsystem or wooden sheathing

The frame (sheathing) consists of the following elements:

fastening elements (brackets, screws, rivets);
Guides (profiles or bars).

Guide metallic profile, using self-tapping screws and brackets, is fixed to the surface of the wall of a frame, timber or log house. Installation of lathing from wooden beam is performed without the use of brackets, but the lifespan of such subsystems is shorter. The horizontal or vertical direction depends on the type of cladding material chosen.

Thermal insulation

Mineral wool or expanded polystyrene (foam plastic, carbon) is fixed to the surface of the walls of a residential building using special “fungi”. When choosing and calculating, it is recommended to take into account the thermal insulation data of a specific type of insulation. When performing the work independently, the choice depends on the preferences of the owner of a private frame building, which may turn out to be wrong.

useful in work

Before attaching thermal insulation, it is recommended to treat the walls of frame, log, lumber and any other wooden structure with an antiseptic.

Protective membrane

When insulating a facade structure with mineral wool, it is necessary to protect it from moisture and weathering. This is achieved by using a moisture-proof, vapor-permeable membrane. It protects the thermal insulation material from weathering and moisture, which contribute to its gradual destruction and violation of the integrity of the system, which can affect the load-bearing walls of a residential building.

When choosing and purchasing thermal insulation for residential buildings, it is necessary to pay special attention to fire safety. The material must have the necessary certificates and belong to the non-flammable class. For example, class “C” polystyrene foam supports the combustion process for no more than 4 seconds, and class “F” - 1 second.

When using expanded polystyrene, installation of a membrane is not required (unlike mineral wool).

It is important to know

Despite its many advantages, the authors do not recommend the use of polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene in ventilated facade systems, since in the event of a fire, under the influence of natural draft, such insulation it will still burn for a while and can contribute to the fire of a wooden wall.

Air gap

The presence of a certain air gap between the insulation (or the wall of a house without insulation) and the facing material allows moisture to escape outside. It is because of the presence of this space that such structures got their name.

The size of the gap is determined using complex mathematical calculations and calculated at the design stage. As a rule, the minimum air gap should be at least 40 mm. Errors in these values can lead to moisture entering the thermal insulation (at a small distance), as well as humming in strong winds (at a large gap).

Decorative finishing

The cladding is fixed on guides; fastening occurs depending on the material used for specific residential buildings. Depending on what the owner of a private house preferred, fastening elements are selected.

Types of facing materials

Cladding of private houses can be done using a wide range of finishing materials, each of which has its own distinctive qualities, characteristics, and is also made from different raw materials.

Natural wood

eurolining;
block house;
Planken.

A natural stone

Granite;
marble;
travertine;
agglomerate.

Ceramics

Porcelain tiles;
terracotta;
clinker.

Hardware

Siding;
facade panels;
composite panels and cassettes.

Other materials

Facing brick;
HPL – panels;
fiber cement boards.

Façade compatibility

The exterior decoration of a residential wooden log house, made using the “ventilated facade” technology, compares favorably with other methods of facade insulation in that all the useful natural qualities of a wooden structure are preserved. Multilayer “breathing” structures have proven themselves to be excellent in use in any building.

A wide selection of fasteners allows installation on almost any walls of residential buildings made of various materials. The difference can only be in the type of insulation. For example, frame or timber house They are insulated with both expanded polystyrene and mineral wool, but the log façade is insulated only with the latter. This is due to the external structure of the wall surface. Rigid sheets of foam plastic cannot be tightly applied to the rounded shapes of a log building, and mineral wool It has the properties of bending. Another good option for insulation is the use of eco-wool.

If the “wet facade” technology is used when finishing a stone house, then “breathing” structures can be erected on any type of wall.

Benefits of technology

Ventilated systems have certain strong factors relative to other types of insulation and exterior finishing. The main advantage is versatility. “Breathing” structures can be used on any surface, regardless of number of floors or configuration load-bearing walls private buildings: log, timber or frame type.

Among the many advantages of this design are the following:

Wide selection of materials that can be used decorative cladding walls;
heat and sound insulation of a frame or timber structure;
increasing service life, durability is the most important factor for wooden buildings;
There is no need to constantly maintain the facing material in good condition. Except in cases where wooden facing materials(they must be treated with special chemical impregnations and solutions or varnishes).
most of them have a certain resistance to mechanical damage, and some are even considered anti-vandal material;
fire safety;

replacing one cladding structural element does not require extra work. It is enough to dismantle it and then install a new one.