Warmth is the most important component of comfort in a home. During construction, a lot of attention is paid to the heating system, because no matter how good the thermal insulation of the building envelope, without additional heating the house will still be very cold. The rating of gas wall-mounted single-circuit boilers will help you decide on the choice of the ideal heating mechanism. But before choosing such a heating mechanism, you need to determine its advantages over other models and make sure that it is necessary to install it.
Selecting a heating boiler
To ensure that the heating system does not cause trouble and does not waste a significant part of the budget, it is necessary to choose it carefully. To do this, you will have to understand the differences between the models. heating equipment. In all models, the coolant is heated not in a tank, but using the flow-through method. This ensures a continuous flow of hot material into the heating radiators and does not clutter up the space.
Fuel
The first thing that distinguishes heating systems from each other is the fuel required for their operation:
- Boilers that require solid fuel to operate. Typically, such equipment is installed in houses where there is no other heating method. Solid fuel has low efficiency. In addition, the operation of such a system will have to be constantly monitored and new fuel added to the firebox.
- Diesel and fuel oil. This large installations, intended for heating large space. They are not installed in apartments and private houses.
- Electric boilers. They are environmentally friendly, operate silently, and do not take up much space. It can be left without constant supervision. But in the event of a power outage, the house will be left without heating, which can be very inconvenient in winter.
- Gas. They are very economical to use and can work smoothly, even if the owners are away from home. Such equipment is environmentally friendly and does not pollute environment. Utility services Gas supply is very rarely turned off, this happens only in emergency cases.
Depending on the communications provided to the house, each owner independently chooses the option that suits him. There is electricity even in the farthest corner of the planet. Gas is supplied to almost all gardening areas and villages.
Heating boiler installation method
Wall-mounted models are rightfully considered the ideal option for installation in a private home. Unlike their floor-standing counterparts, they take up much less space due to their small dimensions and installation on the wall. Thanks to this, the space under them can be used to store various things that do not require special conditions for this. Modern designers successfully make this irreplaceable element of comfort as invisible as possible and at the same time ergonomic. It can be hung in the kitchen, attic and bathroom.
Possibility of combining heating and hot water supply
There is a difference in the number of circuits:
- The double-circuit version of the heating device ensures that the house is simultaneously supplied with uninterrupted supply of hot water to the taps and heating. This is very convenient, but it has one big drawback: such boilers cannot use anything other than water as a coolant. In addition, priority in this installation is given to heating the liquid for hot water supply, which leads to downtime of the heating system when opening the tap with hot water. This is not critical if the heating process is interrupted for a short time, but over a long period of time the house can cool down a little.
- A single-circuit mechanism can only provide heating of the building. It is capable of heating and dispersing antifreeze through radiators and batteries.
Tip: The lack of a second circuit, and therefore hot water supply, can easily be solved by connecting a water heater. In this case, the heating begins to work uninterruptedly and the hot water supply system becomes completely autonomous and is always an available resource.
The combustion chamber
There are also open and closed combustion chambers:
- An open chamber implies the work of natural draft. Air to support combustion is taken from the premises, depriving it of a small part of oxygen. Combustion products, that is, smoke, are removed into the chimney also under the influence of natural draft. A similar design is borrowed from a conventional stove, but it has undergone some adaptation to modern world and new technologies.
- A closed chamber does not require a chimney; such boilers can be installed even in apartment buildings. Such chambers are equipped with a device that forcibly removes smoke. The smoke is also burned under the constant pressure of oxygen and releases additional heat, thereby increasing energy efficiency.
The best solution for heating a private house would be a single-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler with closed camera combustion. It satisfies all the requirements of home owners and is not difficult to use or install.
Selecting a boiler by comparing models
To heating device really well chosen, models should be compared different manufacturers. This method allows you to see the advantages and disadvantages different options. By making a rating of gas wall-mounted single-circuit boilers, you can identify the best option heating the space.
Comparison of Bosch heating boilers
This is a company engaged in the production household appliances for many years now. German quality quickly attracted the Russians and earned their respect. Gas boilers from this company are represented by many models different types. Their price category also differs. All this allows you to choose perfect option for every home.
WBN 6000-18 C RN S5700
Users rate this device as one of the best, noting its efficient and silent operation. Despite the double-circuit type of the boiler, it copes well with multitasking and equally effectively heats the house and ensures the availability of hot water.
WBN 6000-12 C RN S5700
He is able not to disturb the silence in the house and work quietly, but effectively. Users note the ease of installation and modest dimensions of this model. The shortcomings are considered minor and therefore no one mentions them.
WBN 6000-18 H RN S5700
Owners of this boiler note its compactness and energy efficiency, but such a boiler also has disadvantages. Sometimes the system gives an error; you can deal with this problem by flashing the equipment. This is a fairly simple measure, but it forces the owners to invite a specialist and endure some inconvenience.
WBN 6000-35 H RN S5700
Another heating system of compact dimensions. It is capable of providing heat to a medium-sized house even in severe frosts. Users note the ease of use and installation. This is due to a well-thought-out and simple design, because the simpler the mechanism, the less it breaks.
Comparison of technical characteristics of Chaffoteaux boilers
A French company founded more than a hundred years ago. Throughout this entire period, engineers have been developing and implementing new technologies in the production of household appliances. All products are checked repeatedly, and only flawlessly working copies reach customers.
ULTRA SYSTEM 25 CF
People who purchase this mechanism are pleased with the possibility of connecting an external boiler. This solves the problem of single-circuit boilers providing hot water supply. The mid-priced option works well and doesn't require any hassle to maintain.
ULTRA SYSTEM 30FF
Users love the anti-blocking pump system. It automatically starts working once a day and turns on the pump. It is equipped with other beneficial properties: temperature sensor, pressure sensor, etc. The owners especially like the Russified multifunctional display, which allows even the most technology-averse person to cope with the controls.
ULTRA SYSTEM 25 FF
This boiler model is distinguished by its ability to flawlessly maintain the required temperature of the liquid in the batteries. The controller almost never fails and copes well with the tasks assigned to it. This mid-range option is liked by all the people who bought it.
ULTRA SYSTEM 35FF
In this catching model, users note a dosed flame size, which allows them to regulate energy consumption and adjust the heating intensity of the building to their needs.
Comparison of technical characteristics of Vaillant boilers
The history of this company goes back almost one and a half hundred years, but in Russia they learned about this company relatively recently, only two decades ago. Engineers are concerned about the convenience of their customers and therefore are constantly engaged in installing and developing easy-to-use regulators. All control principles embedded in the products of this company are based on the so-called “intuitive control”. It is this that helps people who are not familiar with such a mechanism to accurately begin to use it correctly.
turboTEC plus VU / 5-5
Among the advantages of this boiler is the protection system. It helps people always correctly set up and use the heating system without the risk of damaging a complex and expensive mechanism. Small size with good performance also earned respect among satisfied customers. It fits perfectly into the interior and is not noticeable.
turboTEC plus VU 242/5-5
According to buyers, this is one of the easiest gas boiler models to install. The sensors built into the system do not allow it to fail, so the heating in the house will be constant. Management and configuration are also very easy for many users. This is thanks to the wide and multifunctional display. Quite a powerful mechanism. It is suitable for private houses of a rather large area, but it is still better to consult with specialists.
turboTEC plus VU 282/5-5
In case of breakdown this device capable of diagnosing its malfunctions independently. The technician called to fix the problem can simply make a diagnosis. That is why users note the speed of repair. Users praise the designers who thought through appearance. This specimen does not stand out in any interior.
turboTEC plus VU 202/5-5
Quite a powerful device. It is capable of heating a very large house. All functions of this heating system are regulated using safety mechanisms designed to prevent operational errors. This allows you to extend the life of the device and simplify its use. This option is ideal for use in spacious rooms, but the power regulator allows you to install it anywhere small house, but this is irrational.
Comparison of characteristics of the best models from different manufacturers
To see the full picture and make a rating of wall-mounted single-circuit gas boilers in terms of reliability and quality, it is necessary to compare boiler models with each other. For these purposes, you can choose boilers with the highest rating from each manufacturer.
For comparison, let's take the following heating boilers: turboTEC plus VU / 5-5 manufactured by Vaillant, ULTRA SYSTEM 25 CF from Chaffoteaux and WBN 6000-18 C RN S5700 manufactured by Bosch.
Boiler model name
turboTEC plus VU / 5-5
ULTRA SYSTEM 25 CF
WBN 6000-18 C RN S5700
Maximum power (kW)
Minimum power, (kW)
Efficiency (%)
Consumption natural gas, (m 3 /hour)
Liquefied gas consumption (kg/h)
Nominal natural gas pressure (mbar)
Permissible liquefied gas pressure (mbar)
Coolant, minimum temperature ©
Temperature maximum
Flame modulation
Autodiagnostics
Safety of use (auto-lock)
Pump blockage protection
Price (rubles)
As you can see from this table, cheaper models do not have some necessary functions; you can, of course, do without them, but with these additional options, using the device becomes much easier. Each owner must decide for himself whether he needs these additional functions. Budget models also cannot boast of low gas consumption; they waste this valuable resource in large quantities. Safety and ability to heat rooms remain virtually unchanged for all models, which allows us to conclude: Nothing will change in the design of the thermal boiler, but additional functions may differ greatly in the fall.
Each manufacturer is responsible for the quality of the product produced and therefore the boilers work well, but budget models will take longer to install and configure, and during operation they will require more careful care than expensive models.
Brand and model name Grade Boiler type Power Minimum/Maximum (kW) Natural gas consumption (m 3 /hour) / liquefied gas (kg/hour) Additional functions Cost of the device (rubles) Bosch, WBN 6000-18 C RN S5700 5 Dual-circuit 5,40/18,00 2,1/1,5 25 100 Bosch, WBN 6000-12 C RN S5700 4 Dual-circuit 5,40/12,00 2,1/1,5 Panel modulation, pump blocking protection, 24 00 Bosch, 6000-18 H RN S5700 4 Single-circuit 5,40/18,00 2,1/1,5 Panel modulation, pump blocking protection, 25 600 Bosch, 6000-35H RN S5700 3 Single-circuit 12,20/37,40 3,90/2,70 Panel modulation, pump blocking protection, 37 547 Vaillant, turboTEC plus VU / 5-5 5 Single-circuit 11,20/6,10 1,46/4,10 Weight 44 kg 65 250 Vaillant, turboTEC plus VU 242/5-5 4 Single-circuit 8,00/24,00 2,80/0,96 Weight 41 kg 49 400 Vaillant, turboTEC plus VU 202/5-5 4 Single-circuit 6,10/19,70 2,40/0,89 Weight 40 kg 45 600 Vaillant, turboTEC plus VU 282/5-5 4 Single-circuit 9,40/28,90 3,20/1,08 Weight 42 kg 54 100 Chaffoteaux, ULTRA SYSTEM 25 CF 4 Single-circuit 11,00/25,00 3,65/2,72 35 500 Chaffoteaux, ULTRA SYSTEM 30 FF 4 Single-circuit 14,40/30,00 2,73/2,03 Wide tank, circulation pump 40 900 Chaffoteaux, ULTRA SYSTEM 25 FF 4 Single-circuit 11,00/25,00 3,17/2,37 Wide tank, circulation pump 39 000 Chaffoteaux, ULTRA SYSTEM 35 FF 5 Single-circuit 15,00/30,00 2,86/2,13 Wide tank, circulation pump 43 200 Thus, it is impossible to find the ideal heating boiler, because such equipment is selected individually depending on the area of the room, its features and the needs of the customer. The conditions in which the mechanism is to be operated are also very important for small system heating does not have to be dedicated to the whole room.
Despite the importance the right choice, the most important thing in the design of a heating system is the installation process. This should be done exclusively by professionals; only they will be able to comply with all standards for installing heating equipment.
In the process of comparing models of heating boilers, it was found that their price depends not only on technical characteristics, but also from the brand that produces these products. Price is not always the deciding factor; sometimes you can get a decent device at a lower cost. So, you should pay attention first of all to the integrity of the manufacturer, and not to the cost and number of functions.
Which model of single-circuit wall-mounted gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber did you like best?
Worn-out utility lines, high tariffs, poor heating quality and other negative aspects cause the transition to autonomous system heating. The most profitable option is single-circuit and double-circuit gas floor-standing boilers. The former generate heat sufficient for large buildings and use fuel economically without compromising efficiency. But to get hot water, a boiler is connected to them, occupying free space. More compact - a double-circuit floor-standing gas boiler. Liquid for household needs in an unlimited volume is heated when passing through a second heat exchanger; sometimes there is a built-in boiler.
Floor gas models superior to wall-mounted ones in power, weight and dimensions. They are designed for heating and supplying hot water to large buildings. Heat exchangers are made of cast iron, steel or copper. The type of metal affects weight, thermal conductivity and other properties. The leader in strength, durability and corrosion resistance is a cast iron double-circuit boiler with floor mounting. Steel is lightweight, which simplifies installation and transportation. Copper has high level thermal conductivity, but it is an expensive material.
In addition to heat exchangers, gas boilers with two circuits include devices for safe work, burners, combustion product removal system, filters rough cleaning. Some types of equipment are equipped with a circulation pump, expansion tank, fan, automation and electronic control elements.
Principle of operation
The operation of a conventional double-circuit gas floor-standing boiler is based on heating the coolant due to the heat released during the combustion of blue fuel. An important point is that the return water temperature must be more than 60 ºС. Otherwise, combustion products will condense on the heat exchanger; their aggressive acids are harmful to the metal. The convection device has a simple design and fairly high efficiency.
Condensing-type boilers take residual heat from exhaust gases deposited on the walls of the economizer. High combustion energy is used. Efficiency increases by 9-20%. To cool the water, various low-temperature heating units are connected in series.
Combustion chamber type
Ventilation can be forced or natural. In the first case, a floor-standing double-circuit boiler with a closed combustion chamber is used. The device does not take oxygen from the room - it enters through the air ducts. Combustion products are discharged through a special structure - a pipe within a pipe: the outer one is responsible for the flow of air, and the inner one is responsible for the removal of unnecessary gases. Such equipment does not burn oxygen inside the house, so it can be located in any room.
The natural option involves a vertical chimney and an open combustion chamber. The exhaust air is discharged through the pipe due to draft. The advantage of this method is independence from electricity. The disadvantage of the system is that the oxygen flow comes from the room. To avoid the formation of condensation, the chimney is insulated.
Main characteristics
An overview of floor-standing double-circuit boilers of medium power is presented.
Areas of use
The equipment is installed both in residential (including apartments) and industrial buildings. However, according to reviews, floor double-circuit boilers gas is mainly used in medium-sized private houses in the absence of a central hot water supply. It is not advisable to use them in buildings with several water intake points that simultaneously require heated liquid.
Manufacturers and costs of double-circuit gas boilers
Ariston. High-quality floor-standing gas boilers with two circuits, middle class. The transition from natural gas to liquefied gas is carried out by replacing the burner. Power - 24-64 kW. Distinctive features: heavy cast iron heat exchangers, reduced noise, automatic adaptation, maintaining a set temperature, resistance to power surges, operation at reduced gas supply pressure, economical fuel consumption. Representatives of the Unblock line are valued at 48,000 – 150,000 rubles.
Protherm. European quality at affordable prices. The efficiency of the gas floor-mounted double-circuit heating boiler Protherm is in the range of 80-93%. Most of them are made of cast iron, some are made of steel. Power - from 12 to 150 kW, maintainability. Optimal microclimate support self-diagnosis and regulation systems. The cost, depending on the model, varies from 65,000 to 300,000 rubles.
Baxi. Gas floor-standing boilers with two circuits are designed for use in stable “mild” conditions. Long downtime does not affect the operation of the automation. The manufacturer guarantees intensive operation even at low gas pressure. Efficiency - 85-93%. In stores it is offered to buy a floor-standing gas double-circuit boiler Baxi at a price of 47,000 - 340,000 rubles.
Daewoo. The equipment is easy to operate. A gas supply modulator and an electronic timer reduce fuel consumption. Double-circuit floor-standing boilers are made of heat-resistant steel. It is possible to switch from natural gas to liquefied gas and use diesel fuel. Uninterrupted supply of coolant is ensured by a unique “ball-switch” technology. Voltage drops in the electrical network are allowed up to 260 W, power - 58.1-232.6 kW. Price - 110,000 – 212,000 rubles.
Buderus specializes in premium units. On average, the service life of a double-circuit gas boiler heating Buderus Logano - 30-50 years. Efficiency - 92-103%. Excellent adaptation to pressure changes in the gas main and voltage surges is noted. Condensing gas models made of alloy steel or cast iron save fuel with high performance. Product cost - 61,000 - 980,000 rubles.
Olympia produces inexpensive, simple and reliable equipment. Heat exchangers are designed for a pressure of 3-5 kg/cm2, closed or open system heating. Automated control Dual-circuit floor devices regulate water temperature and operating time. A circulation pump is installed on the return pipeline. Power range - 11-580 kW. You can purchase Olympia boilers for 50,000 – 628,000 rubles.
So, gas boilers are divided into single-circuit and double-circuit. Single-circuit boilers provide heating, double-circuit boilers provide both heating and the production of hot sanitary water (DHW). The operating principle of a single-circuit boiler is clear - the coolant is heated in a heat exchanger and enters the heating system, where it releases heat, heating the room. A double-circuit gas boiler is designed somewhat differently.
Heating device design
A double-circuit boiler has two circuits and a heat exchanger. The first forms a closed loop with the heating system. When the heating system is operating, the coolant does not enter the second circuit - the DHW circuit, for which a special valve is used. When the DHW tap is opened, the valve blocks the access of the coolant to the heating system and it enters the DHW circuit. The water in the second heat exchanger is heated by the coolant of the first heat exchanger and from there it flows into the tap. When you stop using the DHW system, a reverse switch occurs.
To figure out what type of boiler you need, let's start by telling you how they differ from each other. This:
- principle of operation;
- type of combustion chamber;
- execution.
According to the principle of operation, gas boilers are divided into convection and condensation.
In convection boilers, water vapor generated during fuel combustion comes out along with the combustion products.
Floor-standing with closed combustion chamber
Its advantage over a wall-mounted one is the same as that of a floor-standing boiler with an open chamber, but is not required for installation separate room. This option is the most expensive.
Other parameters
Above, speaking about DHW performance, we meant boilers in which water is heated in the DHW circuit by flow-through. But, if when choosing, it is not the price that matters most, but the comfort of using hot water or the need for it is high, the solution is to buy a boiler with an additional built-in or external storage boiler. Such boilers have almost all the advantages of boilers that heat hot water using a flow-through method.
When the water in the boiler runs out, the boiler continues to operate in flow mode. Another important advantage of a double-circuit boiler with a boiler in Russian conditions is its independence from the pressure in the water supply. A common situation is that during periods of peak load, the water pressure drops sharply or disappears altogether. A boiler with a flow-through DHW heat exchanger stops feeling it and, accordingly, working. A boiler with a boiler does not have this problem. Also, boilers are not afraid of hard water and scale. But, of course, the price of a boiler with a boiler is noticeably higher than a similar one with a flow-through DHW heat exchanger.
The type of ignition of the boiler also matters. Gas boilers are available with piezo ignition and electric. Piezo ignition is carried out manually by pressing a button. The advantage is energy independence. Disadvantages - gas consumption for a continuously burning igniter, the need to monitor the operation of the igniter. If the gas pressure drops or the gas supply stops, the pilot light will go out and will need to be re-ignited manually. Electric ignition is more economical; if necessary, including after a power outage, it turns on automatically.
Floor standing boilers may vary according to the type of gas burners. They are supercharged and atmospheric. Atmospheric ones are much cheaper. Supercharged ones have higher efficiency, power, are quieter and can be replaced if necessary. Atmospheric burners cannot be replaced, since they are built into the boiler circuit.
The level of equipment of these devices with electronics and various additional amenities is also varied.
Popular brands
Currently, the most popular brands on the market are European, Russian and Korean.
European brands are:
- German Bosch, Wolf, Vaillant, Buderus, AEG, Viessmann;
- French Chappee, Frisquet, De Dietrich, Chappee, Chaffoteaux;
- Italian Saunier Duval, Beretta, Nova Florida, Caloreclima, Ariston, Lamborqhini, Hermann, Ferolli, Biasi, Baxi, Alphatherm;
- Spanish Roca, Swedish Electrolux and Polish Termet.
The advantages of German brands are the latest developments designed to save energy; the French Frisquet is a leader in powerful (up to 45 kW) units; Roca, Vaillant and Italian manufacturers have models with a microboiler (up to 4 l). Many positive reviews on the Internet are devoted to Baxi wall-mounted boilers for their reliability, compactness, and ease of use.
Among the Russian ones, the most popular are “Signal”, “AZGA” and “Gazapparat”. A significant part of their products are equipped with imported components; as a result, their quality is not inferior to foreign economy-class models. At the same time, they cost much less and are better suited for working in Russian gas and electricity networks with their instability.
A separate category is boilers from Korean manufacturers. They combine reliability, safety and modern technologies, characteristic of Western brands, with high adaptation to gas pressure differences. The price for them is significantly lower than for similar European ones. The downside is problems with spare parts. For European boilers, most spare parts can be found with similar replacements on the Chinese market. With Koreans this is almost impossible. Also, in a number of Russian cities there are still no corresponding service centers. On the Russian market, Korean double-circuit gas boilers are represented by the Ace ATMO series from NAVIEN, as well as the Olympia, Daewoo and Kiturami world brands.
The wide range of existing double-circuit gas boilers allows you to make a choice in any price range and with any level of comfort. All you have to do is clearly formulate your requirements.
Double-circuit gas boilers are a convenient way to solve the issue of heating and supplying a private home with hot water. They are easy to use, have the highest efficiency and reliability, the main thing is to choose a boiler that is suitable for its characteristics.
The functionality of double-circuit boilers is determined by the features of their design. They are equipped with two heat exchange circuits, one of which heats closed system heating, the second - water for household needs.
The coolant in the primary circuit is heated in the gas combustion chamber. Water for the DHW system is heated by hot coolant from the primary circuit only when you open the tap warm water. In this case, the valve built into the boiler shuts off the supply of coolant to the heating system.
Selection by types and parameters
Double-circuit gas boilers are presented on the market with a huge variety of models, and it is sometimes difficult to understand which one is best to choose. Therefore, to make the right choice, you must clearly understand the characteristics you need.
These include:
- power, that is, the ability to heat efficiently the required area and heat a sufficient amount of water;
- boiler installation method - mounted (wall-mounted) or floor-mounted;
- type of combustion chamber, it can be open or closed;
- operating principle - convection, requiring, or condensation, allowing the use of a coaxial chimney;
- degree of automation, type of ignition and availability of protective functions;
- the manufacturer and the degree of trust in him.
Power
This parameter determines whether the boiler is truly capable of heating the house for a long time, efficiently and without overload. A complete thermal engineering calculation, performed by service specialists, must take into account all the features of the structure:
- wall material and degree of thermal insulation;
- number and total area of windows;
- ceiling height;
- the presence of complex elements - bay windows, glazed heated terraces, greenhouses.
It is quite difficult to perform such a calculation on your own, so a simpler method is usually used. It is enough to calculate the total area of heated premises, and then apply the formula:
P = S 100 / 1000.
where P - required power, kW;
S - area in meters.
For separately standing house with insufficient insulation, this figure increases by 15% in temperate latitudes and by 30% in northern regions.
So, for an apartment of 120 square meters The rated power of the boiler is 12 kW, but for a private house built in the Moscow region, it is better to choose a power of at least 15 kW, and for a colder region - 20 kW. This will allow the boiler to operate without overload.
You should also pay attention to the performance of the DHW circuit. To calculate hot water consumption, you need to know the number of water points in a private house and the probability of their simultaneous operation. In this case, a flow rate of 400 liters per hour (6.6 liters per minute) is assumed for each point. If two or more points are turned on simultaneously, this indicator must be increased by the calculated number of times.
The total boiler power, sufficient to heat a private house and provide it with hot water, consists of the power of the heating system and the power of the heat exchanger for hot water supply.Wall or floor?
The method of installing the boiler depends on its power: models designed to heat a private house with an area of up to 200-250 square meters are usually produced in a wall-mounted version. They are compact and do not exceed in size, they can be placed in any convenient place, for example, in the kitchen or bathroom.
Such boilers are designed for a hot water output of no more than 14 liters per minute and can simultaneously provide two water points. To reduce losses, it is recommended to install them close to hot water consumers.
Boilers with a total power of more than 20 kW are usually floor-standing. Their size and weight exceed wall-mounted models, and it is better to place them in a boiler room with an equipped supply and exhaust ventilation. The requirements for a particular model depend not only on the size, but also on the operating principle and type of combustion chamber.
Combustion chamber - which is better?
Gas boilers can be equipped with an open or closed combustion chamber. They differ in the way air is supplied to the combustion zone. In an open chamber, air leaks from the volume of the room in which the boiler is installed.
Therefore, they can only be installed in a boiler room equipped with a window or forced ventilation, otherwise the air in the room will become unsuitable for breathing. In addition, to ensure stable draft and complete removal of flue gases, such a boiler requires a height of the vertical part not less than that specified in the passport.
The combustion chamber closed type allows you to install the boiler in any room of the house. To supply air and remove exhaust gases, in this case a coaxial chimney is used, consisting of two corrosion-resistant pipes located one inside the other. Flue gases exit through the inner pipe, and fresh air taken from the street enters through the space between the pipes.
In this case, fresh air is recovered (heated), which has a positive effect on the combustion process. A coaxial chimney can be routed horizontally through the wall. In this case, the draft is provided by a built-in fan. Wall-mounted models usually have a closed combustion chamber, so they can be used not only for heating a house, but also in apartments. 
Principle of operation
According to the principle of heat removal, gas boilers can be convection and condensation. The difference is that in a convection heat transfer fluid is heated in the combustion chamber, while in a condensation heat transfer the heat obtained from steam condensation is additionally used.
Plus the condensing boiler in its high efficiency
- up to 96%. But him minus - strict requirements for the design of the heating system: the temperature of the return water entering the heat exchanger must not exceed certain values, usually 60ºC, which requires professional calculation and tuning of the system and large, expensive radiators. 
Energy dependence, degree of automation and type of ignition
The simplest models of gas boilers do not require connection to electrical network. Their functionality, as a rule, is low - they have an open combustion chamber, require connection to a vertical full-fledged chimney, and they can only be started manually.
Modern models of gas boilers are connected to the electrical network; they are equipped with automation, which allows them to operate completely autonomously, without human intervention.
Two parameters important for ease of use:
- number of heating stages;
- ignition type.
The cheapest models are single-stage. In them, the heating process alternates with a standby mode. Upon reaching the set temperature, the boiler stops burning; heating will begin again only after the coolant has cooled to the lower permissible value. This may result in uneven heating.
With two- and three-stage heating, the boiler automatically selects the combustion intensity depending on the set temperature, so the coolant does not overheat and the room temperature remains stable. The price for such models is slightly higher.
Ignition type in gas boilers can be manual- using a piezoelectric element, or electronic- in models equipped with a control unit. After shutdown, piezo ignition requires manual start; electronic ignition turns on itself after a break in the power supply or elimination of emergency operation of the boiler.
Other convenient features built into the gas boiler help make its operation completely safe. Almost everyone is equipped with them modern models boilers Such functions include control of flame, draft, gas flow and other combustion modes and heating system.
You can find out by the codes that are displayed on the electronic control unit display; some models also allow you to connect a GSM alert system via SMS.
Famous brands and manufacturers
Focusing only on the equipment manufacturer is not entirely correct, since most companies have a wide range of models with a variety of functions. But the purchase gas equipment from an unknown manufacturer, even with high-quality assembly, carries a number of risks. That's why When choosing a manufacturer, you should pay attention to the following nuances:
- warranty period and period of use of the equipment;
- location service centers where repairs or maintenance can be performed;
- the ability to buy or order spare parts and consumables;
Gas heating method in a closed combustion chamber is realized by burning fuel in an insulated boiler body. The supply of air and the removal of combustion products is carried out externally, due to external wall building.
The boilers were named turbocharged, since the injection of air flows is carried out by turbines - fans.
Design and principle of operation of gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber
Design gas boiler includes a housing with pressurized burners and a heat exchanger located inside, and a coaxial pipe through which air enters and combustion waste is discharged.
Photo 1. Internal organization and a diagram of a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber. The arrows indicate the parts of the device.
In a closed boiler chamber, as opposed to an open one, forced draft is provided through a fan-exhaust fan. The camera has an exit outer wall buildings via a coaxial pipe, which consists of two pipes nested one inside the other. From the outside, air is sucked in through the outer pipe, participates in the combustion process, and the exhaust gas is discharged outside through the inner pipe.
Due to the fact that the draft in the gas boiler is forced, there is no need for a vertical chimney, the outlet pipe is mounted in the nearest wall in a horizontal, vertical or inclined position.
Gas combustion is ensured by forced-air burners. They differ from conventional atmospheric ones in a more complex device, including a fan that pumps air supplied in portions. Power gas burner is regulated in conjunction with changing the fan rotation speed. Taking into account the pressure in the main gas pipeline the optimal mixture ratio of gas and air is achieved, due to which combustion parameters are improved and gas consumption is reduced.
Energy from the burned fuel to the coolant is transferred through a boiler heat exchanger, which can be manufactured made of cast iron, copper or steel. Cast iron heat exchangers have the best characteristics. Cast iron It is resistant to corrosion and thermal stress, and also has the best thermal characteristics and lasts longer.
Copper It is also not subject to corrosion, heats up and cools down quickly, and is more often used in imported models.
Heat exchangers made of steel, presented mainly by domestic manufacturers, are easy to manufacture and inexpensive. However, steel rusts, so the service life of steel products is short.
Turbocharged gas boilers operate automatically. In this way, control and security problems are solved.
Optimal operating parameters are set using sensors boiler systems: ignition mode, gas burner operating power, volumes of water for circulation in heating system. The boiler safety system includes protection in case of loss of burner flame, insufficient fuel consumption, disturbances in exhaust gas removal, overheating of the unit, and others.
Can be implemented in boilers different ways waste treatment. In convection models Gas boilers combustion products include hot water steam, which is discharged with exhaust gases into the atmosphere. In capacitor boilers have an additional heat exchanger for cooling water vapor. When passing through this heat exchanger, additional heat is released, which increases the overall efficiency of the device. Some of the combustion products dissolve in water and are discharged into the sewer.
Main types of gas boilers
The power of boilers affects their size and weight, A functionality related to the number of circuits. Lightweight, low power boilers for small residential and utility rooms are implemented in a wall-mounted design. Both light mounted and heavy floor-standing boilers can solve the problems of not only heating, but also hot water supply (DHW).
By placement: wall and floor
Have the greatest power floor standing boilers. For residential premises standard size their power is excessive. Large floor-standing boilers are more often used in production or for heating houses that have at least two floors.
Photo 2. Floor-standing gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber. There is a chimney at the top of the device.
Floor-standing boiler models are more reliable and have a longer service life on average 5 years more than wall ones.
The design of compact, low-power boiler models of light weight allows them hanging on the walls of the room.
By number of circuits: single-circuit and double-circuit
Single-circuit boilers only work for heating, double-circuit- for heating and hot water supply. Both single-circuit and double-circuit boilers can be wall-mounted or floor-mounted.
The two-circuit solution comes in the form:
- separate circuits;
- bithermal heat exchanger.
Bithermal boiler heat exchanger is performed in the form of a coil with a pipe-in-pipe combination. Inside the main heating pipe there is a pipe for hot water. Water in these circuits flows in opposite directions. Heat exchangers of this type are sensitive to water quality. If the water in the service area is hard, scale accumulates and the unit fails.
Attention! For double-circuit boilers There are restrictions on the supply of hot water. The boiler must be installed near the water intake points, and they must also be located close to each other, that is, the bathroom must be located next to the kitchen.
If the points are separated over a large distance, heating will be ineffective. In addition, low-power boilers are serviced at the same time only one water intake point.
Photo 3. Wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber. Heating and hot water supply pipes are connected to the device.
You can get hot water from a single-circuit boiler by connecting to it indirect heating boiler. Almost all modern boilers have this capability, however, piping will require significant material costs.
Reference. Wall boilers can heat the area up to 400 sq.. m. Height dimensions up to 70-75 cm, length 30-31 cm and width - 40 cm. Water temperature in DHW system up to 55-60 °C.
Floor-standing boilers heat up to 1 thousand sq. m. Height dimensions up to 100 cm, length up to 45 cm, width up to 60 cm. DHW water is heated up to 80-90 °C.
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Advantages
Gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber have many advantages.
Environmental friendliness
Closed gas boiler does not consume air from the room. This is especially true in the cold season, when ventilation is difficult. At the same time, gas combustion products also do not enter the room. If the gas boiler model has an additional condenser heat exchanger, then air pollution is minimized.
Minimum gas consumption
The efficiency of turbocharged and conventional atmospheric gas boilers is approximately the same, however, Gas consumption in closed boilers is more economical.
Depending on the pressure in the main gas pipeline, the rotation speed of the turbine in the forced-air burner is automatically adjusted.
Thus the optimal gas-oxygen ratio in the air mixture is selected, as a result of which the mixture is completely burned and releases the maximum amount of heat.
No need for a chimney
An important condition good operation of an atmospheric gas boiler is the characteristic of the chimney, which is responsible for draft. If it is lowered, fuel consumption increases and the service life of the unit decreases.
At the same time, in capital construction, the task of installing a chimney requires related engineering solutions. In this regard, turbocharged boilers have an undeniable advantage, since the draft in them is artificial, and the air mass inlet-outlet pipe can be located in both vertical and horizontal positions.
Compactness
Small sizes and weight(30-50 kg) wall-mounted gas boilers allow them to be installed with the greatest convenience. Due to the fire safety of the insulated chamber, there are boiler models that can be built into furniture.
Flaws
In addition to the advantages, gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber also have disadvantages.
Noisiness
It is technically impossible to make the operation of a turbocharged boiler completely silent.
At the boilers highest quality There are noise-absorbing casings. To reduce the noise of any model, it is recommended to adjust the burner according to the device; this will correct its operation and help reduce noise when the boiler is turned on.
High power consumption
Turbocharged boiler consumes more energy than atmospheric. Electricity is consumed for electronic ignition, automatic operation, circulation pump and fans. Connecting additional circuits, for example, DHW or a condenser heat exchanger, further increases the energy consumption of the boiler.
Energy dependence
Without exception, all turbocharged boilers are volatile, since without electricity supply the boiler automation will not work. The problem of power outages is solved by connecting a gasoline or diesel electric generator, or connecting an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which leads to additional material investments.
Device selection
The choice of a specific gas boiler model will affect living conditions during minimum 5-7 years, so it needs to be taken seriously.
