Nowadays there are many floor coverings. Despite the fact that their installation occurs at the final stage of renovation of the room, it is necessary to decide on the type of coating in advance.

This is due to the fact that it is the floor that is exposed maximum load. In addition flooring material must have: an attractive appearance, a long service life and ease of maintenance.

Material structure

All of the above qualities fully apply to carpet. It has successfully replaced carpeting in homes. If carpets are characterized by a finished pattern and a certain size, then carpet has a repeating pattern and raw edges. The last of these materials is sold in rolls. This makes it possible to use carpet for floors of any size.

This floor covering consists of the following components:

• pile;
• primary lining;
• fixing layer;
• backing (latex or cotton).

Types of carpet

There are several classifications of carpet. In particular, it is divided depending on:

• scope of application;
• pile length;
• manufacturing material.

According to the first criterion, carpet can be commercial or household. Commercial carpets are used in offices and premises that are characterized by increased traffic. This type of carpet necessarily has a short pile. It is cleaned quite often with special means(shampoos, stain removers, etc.).

Household carpet is laid in living rooms. It is suitable for rooms with low floor load, being the most convenient and economical alternative to carpets in terms of operation.

Based on the length of the pile, floor carpet is divided into products with:

• short pile (length up to 3 mm);
• medium pile (3-6 mm)
• long pile (6-15 mm).

Carpet can also be synthetic or natural. Artificial products are made from:

• polyamide (nylon);
• polypropylene;
• polyester;
• polyacrylic.

Synthetic carpet attracts many buyers with its low price. This feature makes it an affordable and quite popular product.

The best of synthetic technical parameters are coverings made of nylon. They are characterized by:

• ease of care;
• long service life (up to 15 years);
• UV resistance.

And when installing furniture, there are no dents or marks left on the nylon covering.

The raw material for the production of natural carpet is wool fibers. The specific gravity of wool in the floor covering can be 10-100%. Also, natural products may include natural silk or synthetic components (nylon, polyamide). Excellent elasticity and minimal moisture permeability are the main positive properties natural carpet.

Advantages and disadvantages of flooring

Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of carpet. Main advantages of using flooring are:

• a wide range of products in texture and color solutions;
• versatility;
• excellent soundproofing and thermal insulation properties;
• antistatic qualities;
• low level flammability;
• absence of harmful secretions;
• hypoallergenic and safe material;
• ease of care;
• preservation of the original appearance over many years of operation.

A warm carpet does the same to the floor itself, giving any room a feeling of absolute comfort. This is especially relevant:

• for cold apartments with minimal sunlight;
• in the presence of thin concrete walls;
• for housing with existing problems with the heating system.

Carpet also has several disadvantages. Perhaps the main one is the absorption of dirt particles by the floor covering. Earth, sand, household waste, dust, animal hair - all these components of dirt are retained by the carpet pile.

For this reason, it is necessary to regularly vacuum rooms with such flooring. But even the newest models of vacuum cleaners often cannot cope with microscopic fungal spores and larvae of household mites.

When facing work, you may encounter another problem. It consists in non-standard room sizes. The standard width of a carpet is about 4 m. For a room 3 or 5 m wide, you will have to purchase a floor covering of the appropriate size. But carpet of this size is much more difficult to find in the retail chain.

It is not recommended to use carpet in rooms with high humidity. The coating practically does not tolerate a humid environment (with the exception of some synthetic products). There is a possibility of stains appearing while washing the carpet. And in natural products, when water gets in, the smell of wool appears.

Cheap flooring is characterized by poor-quality painting. Typically, manufacturers of such carpets dye only the top part of the pile. For this reason, there is a rapid loss of the original appearance of the material.

Despite its shortcomings, carpet is a fairly popular floor covering. When purchasing it, be sure to check for structural damage and other defects. Only a high-quality product can last as long as possible.

Video about advantages and disadvantages various types carpet:

Among the wide variety of flooring, carpet is very popular. The quality of this material, its durability and price depend on many factors: the length of the pile, the thickness of the base, composition, and the securing layer. Therefore, every buyer must take into account all its disadvantages and advantages before choosing this material. When choosing carpet, you should remember that it perfectly absorbs odors, which are not eliminated even during prolonged ventilation. Therefore, it should not be used in the kitchen or in a room where smoking occurs.

Mandatory conditions for laying carpet

You have purchased carpet of the required shade, but do not rush to install it. First of all, you need to make sure that all the necessary conditions for this.

Often during renovations, many people think about a new floor covering, which often becomes carpet. Laying this material should happen as a last resort so as not to spoil its surface.

The floor must be level, clean and dry.

The air temperature in the room should be more than 15 o C, and the humidity should not be more than 75%. Remember that you should not start laying only the delivered material. It must acclimatize, so it is necessary to leave the material in the room for which it is intended for at least a day.

Floor preparation

First of all, it is necessary to correctly and accurately measure the room, taking into account all its features (niches, protrusions, partitions, etc.). You can also draw a schematic sketch so that calculations can be carried out easier and faster. After calculations, it is necessary to add 10% of carpet.

Floor preparation consists of five stages:

1. Removing the old coating.

2. Elimination of all nicks and cracks.

3. Removing dust and debris.

4. Floor primer.

5. Laying the substrate.

For a rubber-based canvas, you need to choose a soft textile-based paper backing. This will have a positive effect on the longevity of the floor covering.

Laying

There are several installation features that should be considered when choosing carpet. The installation will be ideal if all conditions are met.

1. Watch carefully to eliminate bubbles. If there is even the slightest hint of a small bubble, it must be eliminated. This is what it depends on final result styling

2. It is necessary to select the pattern with precision; this is the only way the canvas will be uniform.

3. The joint must be placed perpendicular to the window so that it is not visible when exposed to sunlight.

4. The floor must be perfectly level. Otherwise, in places of performance, the canvas will quickly wear out.

5. Should not be used a large number of glue, especially if the carpet is made of natural material. Excess glue can get on the pile, and this will affect the appearance of the floor covering.

Laying technology

Today, there are several technologies that make it possible to lay carpet with high quality. Laying for each of them has its own characteristics. You can handle easy installation methods yourself; when choosing more complex methods, it is better to turn to specialists who have not only skills, but also additional professional tools.

Carpet laying technology is divided into adhesive and non-adhesive. The latter, in turn, is divided into stretching and free method (with fixation around the perimeter or with tape).

Glue method

This method is used only in rooms with large area. The respectability of the institution is emphasized by the carpet. The installation of this material is intended for rooms with increased load. This is a rather labor-intensive process. But in this way the coating is reliably protected from deformation, wrinkles and bubbles. Laying the material in this way occurs in the following sequence.

2. Apply glue to the surface with a notched spatula. Gluing the backing.

3. After drying, the carpet must be laid out. Be sure to ensure that the edges touch the walls.

4. Half of the canvas must be folded and carpet glue applied to it. Press the smeared side to the floor, stretching it evenly.

5. The same must be repeated with the second half and subsequent stripes.

6. The carpet must dry, the edges must be trimmed.

Minuses. The entire installation process is labor-intensive; the material cannot be reused for other rooms. Carpet adhesive should be chosen carefully.

Advantages. The floor covering is securely fixed, there are no bubbles or wrinkles. To clean the surface, you can use During a fire, the fire will not spread too quickly.

Free styling

Free laying of carpet is characterized by simply spreading the fabric around the perimeter of the room. This installation method should be used only for rooms with a small area where you can use a whole piece of canvas. Laying carpet with your own hands is done in this way:

1. Cleaning the floor from debris and dust.

2. Rolling out the canvas in such a way that its edges necessarily touch the walls.

3. On one side, you need to press it tightly against the wall and secure it with a plinth.

4. We do the same with the canvas on other walls, having previously trimmed off the excess material. In the area of ​​the door we fix the panel with a metal strip.

Minuses. The installation is not strong. Heavy furniture with wheels cannot be placed on such a carpet. Do not use a vacuum cleaner for cleaning.

Advantages. Easy installation method.

Installation using double-sided tape

This method is the most common method of installing carpet. Installation using this method is reliable and quite simple. It does not require special floor preparation, and in this way you can lay the canvas on any type of old floor covering (linoleum, laminate, tile). If necessary, it can be removed. The installation goes like this:

1. In the form of a grid, it must be glued to the floor at a distance of 50 cm. The top film is not removed.

2. Peel off part of it, press part of the canvas tightly to the tape. With the rest of the canvas we do everything according to the same principle.

3. Excess parts of the carpet are carefully cut off, the edges are fixed with a plinth.

Minuses. Possible appearance of bubbles, deformation of the tape.

Advantages. Fast and easy way styling

Installation cost

There are many features that characterize carpet installation. The current price in the Moscow region for professional services is as follows:

• Gluing - 250 rub/m2;
• Installation of skirting boards - 70 rubles/m2;
• Laying carpet on the stairs - 500 rubles/m2.

The cost of these services performed by specialists is, of course, not low. But many people prefer to spend a large amount means to achieve a more reliable result.

People often face the problem of cold floors in their homes. If it’s during a hot period, then you can still survive somehow, but in cold season of the year this problem gets up quite sharply. Sometimes the above problem is dealt with with the help of warm socks and slippers, and sometimes they install floors with heating elements or install warm carpets on the floor. The first option is inconvenient, and the second can be expensive. The optimal solution This task is to use carpet, which will reliably protect residents from the cold floor. The structure of almost all carpets can be described as follows: at the top there is a pile layer, followed by a primary and secondary pad, respectively, which include a primary and anchoring layer.

One of the most important characteristics of this coverage is, undoubtedly, the structure of the yarn that is used to produce carpet. Modern views Carpets are made from both synthetic and natural threads. Among all types of carpets made from natural threads, the most popular are either pure wool or mixed compositions, in which part of the wool is from 10% to 30%. Carpet made from natural materials has a large number of important advantages, including good elasticity, low flammability and excellent moisture resistance. Also, such a floor covering is quite easy to clean from dirt, crumbs, dust and other permanent attributes of the floor. Disadvantages include a relatively low level of wear resistance and high price. So, according to average statistical data, the minimum cost of one square meter carpet ranges from $15 to $20.

The second type of carpet is made from synthetic fibers and is also quite popular in our country. It is quite easy to distinguish natural fiber from synthetic fiber. It is enough to bring the covering thread to the fire, and if it melts, then this material is undoubtedly of artificial origin. If the thread smolders, then the carpet is made of natural fibers. The most commonly used materials for synthetic carpeting are polyamide and polypropylene, also known as nylon and olefin, respectively. Sometimes polyester and polyacrylic are used. Of all the synthetic materials used to make carpet, nylon is considered the best. The advantages of this material are obvious: nylon carpet is soft, does not lose color brightness over time, does not wrinkle from constant or temporary loads (furniture, flower pots, pianos, etc.), as well as it. This coating has a fairly impressive service life - up to 15 years. Following nylon in popularity are polyester and acrylic. The first material is much tougher than nylon and has a shorter service life - on average from 5 to 8 years. Today, most of the carpet in our country is made from olefin. Its service life also ranges from 5 to 8 years, but its main advantage remains its low cost. Many experts call this material obsolete because it does not meet modern requirements.

Carpets are also divided into 3 types according to the manufacturing method: tufted, woven and needle-punched. In the first type of production, the thread is pierced into the base layer and secured with special glue. Using tufting technology, loop and pile carpets can be produced. Loop carpets have a fairly rigid base and surface, which provides the coating with a high level of durability and wear resistance. The disadvantages of this coating include the difficulty of cleaning. Pile carpet, in turn, is divided into short-, medium- and high-pile. The length of the pile in the above subtypes of coating can vary from 2 to 3 mm, from 3 to 5 mm and more than 5 mm, respectively. Thick pile carpets are ideal for bedrooms, while smooth-wool carpets are better for the hall and living room. The most expensive and durable is woven carpet, but needle-punched carpet boasts the highest level of wear resistance. When choosing a particular type of carpet, it is advisable to pay attention to its density. The higher the density, the more closely the carpet fibers adhere to each other, which means it is more difficult to wrinkle them. Of course, the denser the carpet, the higher its cost.

Often an underlay is placed under the carpet, which provides additional sound insulation and thermal insulation. Additional thermal insulation is necessary if the carpet is laid directly on concrete surface. When laying the covering on a parquet floor, you should keep in mind that the hard base of the carpet can scratch the varnish layer. Therefore, it is better not to skimp on the substrate material.

Today, a large number of manufacturers of this coating are represented on the domestic carpet market. Of all of them, companies from Germany, Holland, Belgium and the USA stand out for their quality. The cost of carpet depends on the quality, thickness and materials used. Regardless of the quality of the coating, they must be laid on flat surfaces. Most often, specialists level the floor using plywood sheets before laying. Like any other flooring, carpet needs to be looked after. Methods and methods for cleaning the coating should take them into account design features. So, for adhesive-based carpet, wet cleaning is unacceptable, but for other types of coating, wet cleaning can also be used. At the same time, it is important to collect all the water from the carpet, because although the base is not afraid of moisture, the densely located fibers are poorly ventilated, as a result of which the room may feel damp. Based on the above considerations, it is better to use dry cleaning to clean carpet.

To date carpet covering as a material for flooring, it has gained very wide popularity among consumers of various categories due to its excellent performance characteristics. Carpeting is relatively affordable and offers a wide variety of patterns and colors.

Carpet installation does not require any qualifications - you just need to roll it out indoors, and then trim it where there is excess. Carpeting is sold in large rolls, but if the dimensions of the room are known exactly before purchasing the carpet, then it can be immediately processed in the store (overlocking the edge), which will help prevent the fabric from rolling and make appearance the floor is more aesthetically pleasing.

The layer of carpet on the floor can be either tucked under the baseboard or lying freely. One of the main advantages of carpet when used in a residential area is the ability to lay it on top of any other covering - linoleum, parquet, laminate, etc. Carpets not only improve the appearance of the floor and make it soft and pleasant, but also have excellent sound and heat insulation properties.

Carpeting can have not only different colors, but also different densities, which determines its wear resistance and strength. So, for corridors, living rooms and other rooms where residents walk very often, choose carpets with a higher density, but for a bedroom or attic a less dense covering is suitable.

Also, the carpet may have different pile length, differ in composition. Carpets for residential premises are made from both synthetic and natural fibers.

Natural fibers are less durable and deteriorate faster, but they are more pleasant to the touch and completely safe for the human body. At the same time, synthetic fibers may contain toxic substances, but are very durable. Usually, modern manufacturers To improve the performance characteristics of the coating, natural and artificial fibers are combined.

Directly depend on the composition of the material, which determines the service life, purpose, and characteristics of the carpet. The use of natural wool increases thermal insulation characteristics coating, but at the same time wool is very susceptible to moths, and wear resistance is not at its best. high level. In addition, wool tends to accumulate static electricity, which is very bad for a living space. Therefore, today wool carpets are reinforced with polyamide, which is highly durable and wear-resistant.

Polyamide can last for many decades, it is an excellent antistatic agent, but the production of carpets containing only this substance is not relevant - polyamide conducts heat well, so it is not suitable for residential premises. Only sometimes carpets are made from polyamide for non-residential premises and offices, where wear resistance is the most important criterion when choosing flooring.

Quite often in order to improve performance characteristics carpet floor coverings, polypropylene is used. This material is close to polyamide in strength and antistatic properties, but at the same time much cheaper. The only disadvantage of polypropylene is its very high flammability. But in combination with polyamide, natural materials and with correct selection Pile length and structure can produce a good carpet.

Along with many advantages, carpeting has some shortcomings, one of which is a low level of hygiene. Pile has the property of constantly accumulating dust and dirt, which is quite difficult to combat even with very frequent cleaning. Microinsects and microorganisms often appear in the pile; it is also quite difficult to completely remove them, even despite the wide variety of modern cleaning products.

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So what is this type of flooring? Carpet is a cross between regular CARPET and LINOLEUM. The result is a soft floor covering that covers absolutely the entire floor area.

Popularly, carpet is sometimes called rolled carpets, since it is the rolled carpet that is most often found on sale. Less common is this coating in ready-made, standard sizes.

Carpet consists of pile and base, which can be single-layer or double-layer. A single-layer base is made in this way: pile hairs are woven or fused into a dense synthetic fabric. The structure of a two-layer base is as follows: pile, first base, fixing layer, second base.

Types of carpet

Depending on the materials used and manufacturing methods, carpet can be of several types. There are several materials from which a strand of carpet is made, but the three most commonly used are:

• wool;
• polypropylene;
• polyamide.

Wool- This natural material, it is quite expensive. Advantages of wool yarn: environmental friendliness and fire resistance, disadvantage - rapid wear.

Polyamide- synthetic material. Its main advantages: elasticity, wear resistance, fire resistance. Since synthetic fibers are produced by chemical synthesis, the main disadvantage of such fiber is the possible negative impact on human health.

Polypropylene- most cheap material, therefore it is widely used in the manufacture of carpet yarn. Differs through key indicators.

Very often, a combination of all of the above materials in different proportions is used to make yarn.

For making the base The following materials are used for carpet:

• jute;
• felt;
• rubber;
• synthetic jute (action back).

Jute- natural material that guarantees complete environmental safety. However, such material exposed to moisture, with prolonged exposure, abrasion of the fibers and destruction of the primer layer occurs.

Felt- moisture-resistant base, made of synthetic fiber. Felt bases are cozy and warm, resistant to mechanical stress. Used for the manufacture of secondary base. Carpet with a felt backing is ideal for parquet floors.

Rubber bases are solid. They are not subject to deformation from mechanical loads and do not slip on the floor. Rubber backed carpet is used in rooms with increased cross-country ability.

Action back- This is synthetic jute. The material is durable, moisture-resistant, and does not break down. Used in office premises. Due to its rigidity not suitable for residential premises.

Various manufacturing technology affects the quality indicators, cost of the product, its appearance, etc. Depending on the manufacturing method, there are several types of carpets:

• woven;
• tufted;
• needle-punched;
• flocked.

Advantages and disadvantages of carpeting

Like any floor covering, carpet has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Basic pros carpet:

1. These coatings give the room warmth and coziness, feeling of comfort. You can walk on them barefoot, it is pleasant to sit and even lie on them.
2. Carpet secured with a wooden floor plinth does not slip on the floor.
3. Possibility of use in almost any room with any type of base (concrete, parquet, laminate, etc.).
4. Gives good sound insulation.
5. Easy to install.
6. The ability to clean the coating with dry and wet agents.

Flaws carpet:

1. This coating is large dust collector.
2. Provides favorable environment for insects to breed(especially for coverings located above basements).
3. Possible negative impact on allergy sufferers.

Carpet selection criteria

On carpet selection influence:

• type of premises (residential, office, etc.);
• level of traffic in the premises;
• climatic characteristics;
• lighting.

For residential premises It is better to use carpet with strands that include natural wool or a combination thereof. For the corridor and hallway, a short-pile covering is more suitable. This type of carpet can remain clean for a long time and is quite easy to care for. A high-pile covering is suitable for the bedroom. It looks warmer, cozy and comfortable.

In the open concrete base better use carpet made of synthetic materials, which delay concrete dust. For rooms with high traffic, carpet with a synthetic or rubber backing is well suited, since such coverings are highly wear-resistant.

Naturally, in addition to the constituent coating materials, its color also plays an important role. It is important that the carpet fits harmoniously into the design of the room. Dark shades are best for well-lit rooms. Bright hues coatings will compensate for the lack of lighting in rooms with small windows.

Customer Reviews

Since carpet has been used in our country for quite a long time, users have formed a definite opinion about this type of floor covering.

Reviews people who have experience using carpet

We laid the Balta Aska carpet in a very delicate light color. A covering of 12 m² cost us a little more than 6,000 rubles. Its base is made of thick felt. This makes the rug warm and dense and protects it from falling apart. The synthetic pile of the covering is pleasant to the touch. Bye We are very pleased with our choice.

Alla and Sergey Evlampiev

Carpet Kalinka Print Gorodok 20 interested us with its pattern. It depicts a real town with streets. This covering for a children's room is a real find. The child enjoys playing on the palace and develops his imagination. This carpet is easy to clean. The disadvantage of the cover is its sliding base made of artificial felt. Since our carpet is on laminate, during active play, a child can twist it into an accordion. But it was apparently our mistake that we did not secure it with baseboards. And yet, in the first week of operation for some reason felt strong smell rubber.

The carpet lay in our bedroom for about three years. But the cat tried and the covering had to be removed. Underneath it was a huge amount of dust. And this despite the fact that my wife vacuumed the carpet almost every day. As for me, it is better to lay a regular carpet, which can be removed and knocked out at least occasionally.

Our carpet has served us for eight years. You could say our children grew up on it. We went through everything - spilled milk, juices, overturned bowls of porridge and much more. It is natural that I had to clean the coating in different ways: vacuum cleaners, detergents, etc. A washing vacuum cleaner, which we bought quite recently, has proven itself to be the best for cleaning the coating. When using strong detergents, first we test them in a corner of the carpet. This allows you to see how the substance will affect the color, pile, etc. In general, Carpet is a little more difficult to maintain than regular carpet, but not so scary.

While renovating the apartment, I had to solve the problem of the old wooden floor. We decided to lay carpet on top. To prevent the boards from starting to show through the coating in the future, hardboard was nailed to the floor. Having spread the carpet on the floor, we let it lie there for several days, and only then secured it with baseboards. Previously, when walking, the floor creaked, but with the advent of carpet it disappeared. Thanks to good sound insulation provided by the carpet, we stopped hearing the neighbors below. One drawback of this coating is that it is very absorbs dirt. Unfortunately, daily cleaning does not give 100% results.

Gavrilov T. N.

When moving to a new place of residence, naturally, we decided to do everything in our own way. Sintelon Tornado carpet was chosen to cover the floor. Over the six years of operation, it has absolutely not lost its appearance- it still sits like new! Caring for this coating is very simple - just vacuum it. All surface contaminants are easily removed.

When choosing carpet, you need to remember that right choice flooring will save time and money, extend its service life, and make the room warm, cozy and pleasant to stay in. And this is perhaps the most important thing!