Currant diseases cause severe damage to shrubs and reduce yields. Currants are a valuable crop, so special attention is paid to the fight against currant diseases.

Currant diseases are divided into those caused by fungi, viral and of unknown nature. This article discusses currant diseases caused by various fungi that are often found in gardens.

Currant diseases - currant anthracnose

In addition to fighting diseases, it is necessary to destroy currant pests, which are carriers of infections. Special attention attention should be paid to the fight against the bud mite, which transmits blackcurrant terry.

Currant diseases caused by various fungi are quite easy to treat with proper agricultural practices. It is important to carry out spraying in a timely manner, to prevent high humidity, inspect shrubs and keep the soil in good condition.

Among currant diseases, anthracnose (fly beetle) is a widespread disease. In fact, anthracnose accompanies currants in all cultivation areas. Anthracnose is especially active in northern and middle areas Russia, that is, in areas with sufficient moisture and average temperatures.

Currant anthracnose is the causative agent of the disease

The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Ps.ribis f.nigri. Fungal spores spread with water or after moisture. Possible spread of spores by insects. The infection most often penetrates from the underside of the leaf, where the mycelium germinates.

In years with dry and hot summers, anthracnose practically does not affect currants. The development of this currant disease is facilitated by low location of plots, dense planting, and overgrowth by weeds. Tillage in autumn-spring period significantly reduces infection reserves. The fungus does not develop on affected leaves buried in the soil.

There are no currant varieties resistant to anthracnose; there are highly resistant varieties, moderately resistant and highly susceptible currant varieties. When choosing a variety, you should pay attention to resistance to anthracnose.

• Important! The fungus overwinters only on fallen leaves, forming new source infection!

Description of the disease

Anthracnose affects the leaf surface, but sometimes petioles, young shoots, stalks and berries are affected. Very small brown spots 0.8-1.2 mm in diameter form on the leaves. First, small black varnished tubercles appear where the fungal spores are located. Then the covering tissue ruptures, and the spores come out in the form of white grains.

In the shade or in the depths of the bush, the place where spores form is transparent yellow, similar to gelatin. The leaf tissue turns brown, the leaf dries out and falls off. Red currants can drop leaves with just a few anthracnose spots. Blackcurrant does not shed affected leaves for a long time. Small brown sores form on the petioles and green shoots.

Harm of anthracnose

• Currant anthracnose is considered one of the most harmful diseases.
• Affected leaves dry out prematurely and fall off.
• Inventory is significantly reduced nutrients in the branches of affected bushes.
• The general physiological functions of the bush are disrupted, which affects the yield.
• Productivity is reduced by more than 50%.
• Anthracnose reduces the frost resistance of the bush. In winter, more than 50% of the branches may die off.
• Even with good agricultural technology, the bush cannot restore its development next summer and withers.

Measures to combat anthracnose

Measures to combat currant diseases can be divided into agrotechnical and chemical. Agrotechnical techniques have a very important preventive value and can significantly reduce the incidence of plant diseases.

Agrotechnical methods of combating currant anthracnose

The most important technique is proper soil cultivation. The purpose of the treatment is to embed fallen leaves into the soil. Activities are carried out during autumn and spring tillage and digging of the soil. A fallen leaf is the only source of primary infection!

Even simple soil contamination of a leaf contributes to the destruction of fungal spores by antagonistic bacteria contained in the soil. Preventing excess moisture retention on currant leaves. To do this, you should thin out the bushes, destroy weeds, and remove excess moisture.

When applying fertilizers, sprinkle them on fallen leaves. Cultivate only resistant varieties that are weakly affected by anthracnose.

Chemical methods anthracnose control

In case of severe damage to currants, eradicating sprays with fungicides or a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture are carried out. in early spring before bud break or in autumn. During the summer, currant bushes are sprayed three times at the following times:

• First spraying: immediately after flowering.
• Second spray: 10-12 days after the first one.
• Third compulsory spraying: after harvesting.

When spraying, be sure to wet the back side of the sheet. With this spraying technique, the infestation of currant leaves is sharply reduced. Red currants are sprayed 8-10 days earlier than black currants. For summer spraying, 1% Bordeaux mixture or 0.5% copper oxychloride solution is recommended.

You can select other fungicides according to the disease, of which there are many on the market. Bordeaux mixture is an old and tested drug that has proven itself well. Currant anthracnose is a well-studied disease. Concomitant use proper agricultural technology and chemical protection will ensure the health of currants.

White spot (septoria)

The causative agent of white spotting is the fungus Septoria sibirica. This is one of the most common diseases and occurs in all climatic zones. Basically, only the leaves are affected.

Small 2-3 mm brown, then white spots with a narrow brown border form on the leaves. With severe damage, the spots merge. On the surface of the spots in the center on the upper side of the leaf there are dark balls; these are fungal spores.

Septoria blight can affect currant berries, forming flat spots on them. The fungus overwinters on affected fallen leaves. Fungal spores come to the surface when they swell from moisture in humid weather or from excessive watering. Leaves become infected from the underside.

White spotting develops more strongly in wet years and in conditions of severe neglect. Harm of white spotting:

• When massively damaged, currants drop their leaves.
• Currant bushes stop growing and begin to wither.
• Damage to the berries leads to the death of the crop.
• The disease greatly affects next year's yield.
• Currant diseases. Measures to combat white spotting.
• Agrotechnical practices:
• Destruction of fallen overwintered leaves.
• Autumn and early spring treatment soil in rows and between rows with digging between bushes.
• Cutting through thickened bushes.
• Prevention of moisture stagnation.

Chemical methods for controlling white spotting

Spraying bushes according to the scheme. See currant anthracnose. The first is immediately after flowering, the second is 10 days later, the third is after harvesting. Spraying 1% is recommended Bordeaux mixture.

Adding microelements (zinc, copper, manganese, boron) to the soil to increase resistance to the disease. Other types of currant blight are ascochyta blight and cercospora blight. Measures to combat all spotting are the same as for white spotting.

Currant rust

There are columnar rust, goblet rust, and leaf rust. The causative agent of rust is different kinds mushrooms

Columnar rust

The causative agent is the fungus Cronartium ribicola Dietr. The disease is very widespread throughout Russia. Columnar rust attacks leaves. Orange pustules appear on the underside of the leaf. These growths begin to quickly powder, resulting in the formation of a mass of brightly colored spores.

Yellow spots form on the upper side of the leaf. The underside of the sheet is completely covered with a coating of bright rust orange color. Leaves turn brown, die and fall off prematurely.

The disease appears on currants in early August and spreads quickly. Columnar rust is native to Siberia.

Damage from columnar rust

• Massive leaf damage occurs.
• The leaves fall 1-1.5 months ahead of schedule.
• The yield of currants and the growth of young shoots are reduced.
• The supply of nutrients in the bush decreases.

Measures to combat columnar rust

1. Autumn and spring tillage.
2. Collect and destroy all fallen leaves.
3. Spraying with 1% Bordeaux mixture 3 times per season is effective (see anthracnose for the diagram)
4. Early spring eradicative spraying of dormant buds with 3% Bordeaux mixture or 0.5% copper oxychloride.

Glass rust

The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Puccinia ribesii caricis. Glass rust is very widespread. Dangerous for both currants and gooseberries. Appearance Goblet rust is the same for currants and gooseberries. Bright orange pads form on the leaves, flowers and ovaries of currants.

In the second half of summer, signs of the disease disappear. The greatest infection of currants occurs during flowering, as a result of which flowers and young ovaries are severely affected. The development of the disease is favored by wet weather in spring and the proximity of sedge growth.

Harm of glass rust

Goblet rust can affect up to 80% of the leaves, which leads to their premature fall. Affected flowers also fall off. All this leads to low yields.

Measures to combat glass rust

Since the disease appears only in spring and early summer, it is important to inspect currant bushes in the spring. A spring inspection of currants will help identify the disease and the extent of damage. Agrotechnical techniques and chemical methods for combating goblet rust:

• When planting, avoid low, wetlands, and do not allow the site to be located close to swamps overgrown with sedge.
• Fighting infesting sedges on the site.
• Cultivation resistant varieties.

Chemical methods of combating glass rust.

Early spraying with 1% Bordeaux mixture. Early spraying is crucial, since this currant disease develops only in the first half of summer.

1. First spraying: during leaf bloom
2. Second spraying: during budding
3. Third spraying: immediately after flowering.

In case of severe infestation, a fourth spraying is allowed. It is possible to carry out a preventive spray on dormant buds before the leaves bloom with 3% Bordeaux mixture. Such spraying is preventive against a complex of diseases.

Powdery mildew

Powdery mildew is a very common disease. Spread by fungi: American powdery mildew, western powdery mildew, downy mildew.

American powdery mildew.

American powdery mildew affects both currants and gooseberries. Shoots of young growth are affected. First, a grayish coating forms, which then turns brown. The raid covers the very end of the young shoot and the growth point. Leaves do not develop. The petioles, lower base of the leaf and large veins are affected; a gray coating is visible on the underside.

Control measures:

• Pruning and destruction of affected shoots and leaves is necessary. It is not recommended to plant currants and gooseberries nearby.
• Wild currant varieties are most sensitive to powdery mildew. Wild and semi-cultivated currant bushes on the site should be destroyed.
• Cultivate resistant varieties.
• In the fall, you should collect all the fallen leaves and dried berries, cut off the hook-shaped ends of the shoots, capturing 1-2 live buds and burn them.
• Dig up the soil around the bushes.
• Early in the spring, prune the shoots again.

In autumn and spring, spray the bushes with a 1% solution copper sulfate or 3% solution of iron sulfate. Spraying should be done before the leaves bloom, as there may be a burn. When buds open, after flowering, and twice with an interval of 10 days, spray with a solution of soda ash with soap or soap-copper emulsion.

Instead of baking soda and soap, you can use a soap-copper emulsion. Dissolve 150g in 9 liters of water. soap Separately dissolve in glassware in 1 liter of water 5 grams of copper sulfate. Then pour the copper sulfate solution in a thin stream into the soap solution. The correct emulsion should have greenish color and not form flakes.

Today, modern effective fungicides have appeared on the market to combat Spheroteca or American powdery mildew. They should be sprayed according to the same scheme. The drug "Topaz" is effective.

Western powdery mildew

Western powdery mildew forms an inconspicuous white coating, which is located in separate spots. Then the plaque disappears and black balls form mainly on the underside of the leaf.

Control measures.

Agronomic techniques are the same as for other fungal diseases. It is especially worth noting the destruction of affected leaves. Chemical methods include spring eradication spraying and summer spraying with fungicide preparations.

Other diseases caused by various fungi are blackberry, currant sponge, root rot, drying out of branches, downy mildew, root canker.

High agricultural technology, proper care of currants, cultivation of resistant varieties, spraying according to the schedule, eradicating spring spraying, timely cutting and destruction of diseased branches and leaves significantly reduce currant diseases caused by fungi.

Hello, the topic of today’s article is “Blackcurrant diseases and pests with photos.” Blackcurrant is valued as a source of vitamin C and as a very delicious berry. It is useful for radiation exposure, as it removes radioisotopes from the body. Brewed fruits stimulate brain function, so schoolchildren are recommended to drink tea from currant leaves.

Blackcurrant diseases and pests with photos

Anthracnose is a common disease of currants, the first signs of which become visible on the leaves. Small brownish spots up to 1 mm in diameter grow into brown spots, which then cover the entire leaf, which subsequently curls and falls off.

The disease affects the stalks, young shoots, and petioles. The fungus persists in fallen leaves until the next season. At the beginning of spring, spores arise on them, which move on lower leaves bush. Spores form again on these leaves and infect the entire bush to the top. The disease is carried by water; aphids and spider mites can also be carriers.

The fight against anthracnose begins in April. Treat the bushes and soil with Bordeaux mixture (1% solution) or 3% solution of the drug nitrafen. Repeated treatment is carried out after 10 days. The next spraying is in July-August with Bordeaux mixture (1% solution). It is also necessary to collect all fallen infected leaves and dig up trunk circle 10 cm deep in autumn or spring.

Goblet rust is a fungal disease, especially common in areas where sedge grows. The spores of the fungus overwinter on sedge, and the spores that subsequently appear in windy weather move to the berries and green mass of currants. With extensive rust infection, leaves and berries fall off the bushes.

Columnar rust is a viral disease. Coniferous trees are an undesirable neighbor for this disease. Small spots appear on the leaves, and by the time the berries are harvested reverse side orange bubbles form on the leaf, on which columns of spores subsequently grow.

Leaves fall from infected bushes, shoots grow worse, and the yield subsequently decreases. The fight begins with spraying in the spring, before the leaves appear, with 1% Bordeaux mixture. The following sprayings are carried out with the same solution in July-August when the harvest is harvested. It is advisable to spray the leaves of the diseased plant with phytosporin.

Striped mosaic is a disease in which a gray-yellow pattern appears near the veins of leaves. Infection occurs when a diseased cutting is grafted onto a bush, or when pruning with one tool, first the infected one, and then healthy plant. Other carriers of the disease are also known: kidney mites and aphids. The disease cannot be treated; the infected plant is destroyed to avoid infection of other plants.

Powdery mildew can be European, as well as American, which is more common and is known as a disease that causes great harm to plants. Appears in June and damages berries and shoots. A coating is visible on them at first white, then the mass thickens and the color changes to brown. The fungus draws moisture from parts of the plant.

In diseased bushes, shoots and leaf tips grow poorly. The berries crack and become unsuitable for eating. Plants disappear within 2 years. Bushes in dense plantings with moist soil are more often affected. The fight against the disease begins with cutting out diseased branches and shoots that need to be destroyed.

Next, you should spray the bush from top to ground with copper sulfate at the rate of 100 grams per bucket of water or a 1% solution of nitrafen. Repeat treatment after 10 days. Stop spraying with preparations 14 days before picking berries. Sulfur and foundation sol help fight the disease, treatment with which is carried out in April, before flowering begins, and in August. Treatment with mullein infusion gives good results.

Currant terry and control methods

Terry currant is a diagnosis in which the bush is doomed. The outline of the leaves changes, and the number of blades instead of 5 becomes 3. The leaf becomes denser and darker, flowering begins later, the inflorescences become lilac color, dry out without producing a harvest. The characteristic smell of currants disappears.

The fight against terry disease consists of quickly destroying the diseased bush. This is done to preserve the remaining bushes in the garden. The disease is spread by the bud mite, which must be combated after the snow melts. To prevent disease, bushes should be treated with colloidal sulfur in August.

Be sure to feed with potassium and phosphorus fertilizers so that the currant bushes become resistant to terry. Application nitrogen fertilizers should be greatly reduced, as their excess can cause disease.

Blackcurrant care in spring

In early spring, diseased and dried branches and damaged shoots are cut out.

Pouring boiling water is in a good way prevention and control against diseases and pests that overwinter on the branches and buds of the plant. Hot water awakens bushes from hibernation and has a positive effect on the quality of fruits. 10 liters of boiling water from a watering can is enough for 3 bushes. You need to water until the snow melts and the buds wake up.

For healthy bushes, treatment with a solution of iron sulfate (50 grams per bucket of water) is useful at the time when the buds begin to bloom and eggs are laid. Iron is also needed by every plant as a fertilizer. If there is a lack of it, the shoots die and the leaves turn yellow. Treatment with other drugs is carried out depending on the identified diseases.

Do not forget about watering, which is applied in the spring no more than the norm, and remember about watering in dry weather.

Do not forget to carry out cleaning with subsequent destruction of dry debris and fallen leaves, loosening the soil in the spring

Regular inspection of bushes is necessary from April to October to identify diseases and pests; each of them will definitely have its own method of control. The main thing is not to forget about the garden, and healthy and well-groomed currant bushes will reward you with a rich harvest of fruits.

We hope you liked the article “Blackcurrant diseases and pests with photos”!

Not only people, but also plants can suffer from various kinds of diseases and damage. Such troubles are most often encountered by gardeners who cultivate fruit crops on his own personal plot. Most often, the development of such diseases can be prevented with appropriate care. And if symptoms of such problems are identified, it is necessary to take measures as quickly as possible to save the affected plants or other crops growing on the site. Let's talk about disinfection work, thanks to which, among other things, black currants ripen; diseases and pests of the bush “leave it alone.”

Pests and diseases of black currant

Pests of black currant and their control

Quite often, currants suffer from attacks by the common spider mite. Such aggression becomes noticeable before flowering: the leaves turn whitish or red-brown, and spider mites are observed on their lower parts. Severe damage leads to the cessation of foliage growth, its drilling and drying out.

The plant can also be affected by currant glassworm, a caterpillar that eats branches. Sometimes black currants are attacked by currant gall midge - in this case, apparently healthy shoots suddenly begin to dry out or break off easily, and orange-yellow or pink larvae can be observed under the bark.

TO possible pests blackcurrant include the blackcurrant berry sawfly (attacks the berries, which take on a characteristic ribbed shape), the currant borer (damages the shoots, which is initially manifested by the drying out of their tops), as well as the willow scale insect (leads to weakening of the branches, and sometimes their drying out).

Treatment of black currants from pests

If a plant is infected with a currant bud mite, it is advisable to cut out and burn the affected shoots before the buds open. At the stage of throwing out flower clusters, it is worth spraying the currants with 2-degree ISO or a suspension of colloidal sulfur (75g per bucket of water).

Soon after flowering, spraying is carried out using 1% lime-sulfur decoction or 1% aqueous suspension of colloidal sulfur. At the stage of discarding flower clusters and shortly after flowering, it is worth treating the bushes with 0.5% ethersulfonate or 0.3-0.4% tedion.

If large currant aphids are infected, even before the buds swell, the bushes should be sprayed with 3% tritrafen. Chlorophos (twenty grams per bucket of water) with the addition of thirty grams of karbofos or twenty grams of trichlorometaphos-3 can also be used for spraying. At the stage of aphid appearance great effect gives spraying using a 0.2% solution of anabasine sulfate with soap (0.4%).

If currant leaf and shoot gall midges are affected, you need to cut out the affected shoots and burn them immediately. Afterwards, you should spray the plant with chlorophos (20g per bucket of water) with karbofos (30g) or trichlorometaphos-3 (20g).

The common spider mite also requires collecting and burning leaves, and digging up the soil under the bushes. Plants are sprayed with 50% karbofos (20-30g per bucket of water) during flowering and shortly after.

If the plant has suffered from an attack by currant glass, it is necessary to eliminate and burn the affected branches. After flowering, spray the bushes with Iskra Double Effect (1 tablet per bucket of water) or 0.1% Aktar.

When affected by blackcurrant berry sawfly, it is extremely important to spray the bushes with 0.2-0.3% chlorophos, and dig up the soil in the fall. If the plant has suffered from currant borer, it is worth pruning and burning the affected shoots.

You can cope with willow scale by spraying plants in early spring with a 2-3% solution of 60% nitrafen paste (take 200-300g per 10 liters of water). In case of severe damage, the branches are cut out and burned, and soon after flowering the bushes need to be treated with 50% karbofos (20-30g per 10 liters of water).

Blackcurrant diseases and their control

Quite common and dangerous disease Such a plant is considered to be terry. With this disease, the flowers become ugly and fruiting stops. The buds can be affected by the currant mite, and flower brushes, shoots, etc. are also affected.

Sometimes black currants suffer from anthracnose. With such a fungal disease, small brown spots appear on the leaves of the plant; over time, the leaf tissues turn brown, dry out, and the leaf falls off prematurely. Anthracnose affects leaf petioles, young shoots, and stalks.

TO possible diseases black currants also include powdery mildew. This disease manifests itself as a white powdery coating on the surface. different areas plants, over time the affected area turns brown. The disease leads to a cessation of shoot growth and a reduction in leaves, which can become ugly. After two or three years the plant dies.

Black currants can also be affected by septoria, which leads to the appearance of round or angular spots of brown and then white color on the foliage. Affected bushes lose their leaves early, their growth rates are greatly reduced and their yield drops.

When currants are affected by goblet rust, the plant also loses its foliage early, its berries spoil and fall off.

Treatment of black currant diseases

Terry disease is easier to prevent than to cure. To avoid such a disease, harvest cuttings only from those plants that have been healthy for three to four years, and also fight the currant mite. It is best to uproot diseased bushes, remove them from the garden and destroy them.

To prevent anthracnose, you need to spray the plants and soil with a 3% solution of 60% nitrafen in early spring or autumn (after leaf fall) (use 30-40 kg of this solution per hectare). In summer, for such a disease, a 0.4% suspension of 80% cuprosan (3-4 kg per hectare), as well as one percent colloidal sulfur (also 3-4 kg per hectare) are used. Such spraying should be carried out before flowering, after it and another week and a half later. The fourth treatment is carried out shortly after picking the berries. It is extremely important to spray the lower area of ​​the leaf. In addition, one percent Bordeaux mixture is used. To prevent anthracnose, you need to promptly remove fallen leaves, promptly dig up the soil under the bushes, sealing the top layer ten centimeters deep.

To combat powdery mildew, even before bud break or in the fall after leaf fall, the bush is sprayed with a three percent solution of 60% nitrafen (30-40 kg/ha), immediately before flowering and shortly after harvesting, the bushes are sprayed with a 0.1% suspension of 25% caratan (1 kg/ha). ha) or 50% benlate (also 1 kg/ha). Soon after flowering, a 1% solution of colloidal sulfur is used for spraying. If the disease is particularly severe, use one of these remedies again after a week and a half.

Septoria and currant goblet rust are fought in the same way as anthracnose.

Folk remedies

Specialists traditional medicine claim that they are different folk remedies quite effectively help eliminate blackcurrant diseases. So, to combat aphids, healers advise using. Brew one kilogram of dry, well-ground raw materials with three liters of water. Bring the product to a boil, then wrap it up and leave to steep until it cools. Strain the finished product and dilute with clean water to ten liters. Use to spray the affected plant.

You can also use a medicine based on dissected hogweed to combat aphids. Brew one kilogram of crushed leaves, stems and roots with ten liters of boiling water and leave under the lid for ten hours to infuse. Use the resulting infusion to treat the affected plant.

Some healers claim that the common one will help prevent mite damage to black currants. To prevent such an attack, you just need to place fresh branches between the currant bushes.

To combat spider mite You can prepare an infusion based on one hundred grams of crushed . Brew such plant material with ten liters of boiling water and leave for two to three hours. Wash the affected leaves with the resulting infusion.

Black currant is an excellent shrub for growing in your garden. It is worth noting that when proper care such a plant extremely rarely suffers from attacks by aggressive pests and diseases.

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Diseases and pests of garden and berry crops significantly reduce yields and cause plant death. Most of the pathogens are fungal microflora, which are highly resistant to environmental factors.

Consider the descriptions of diseases black currant(with photographs of signs of damage) and methods of their treatment. This will give you an idea of possible problems and take measures to eliminate them.

Black currants do not tolerate lack of proper care. Neglected plants begin to hurt and wither. Let's look at the main diseases of black currant and how to combat them. Most often, bushes are affected by the following diseases:

• powdery mildew;
• anthracnose;
• rust;

Powdery mildew

The causative agent of powdery mildew is a fungus. It is localized on shoots, leaves, berries, where a light gray coating subsequently appears. Then it gradually darkens. As the fungus multiplies, it sucks out beneficial substances from the bush. If measures are not taken, the plant stops developing and dies in winter.

The fungus overwinters on fallen leaves and other plant debris. At above-zero temperatures environment it begins to actively reproduce, spores are transferred to plants with the help of wind, insects, and water drops. The pathogen remains viable for up to 6 years.

Treatment

Treatment of powdery mildew involves spraying the bushes with biofungicides that destroy strains of fungi. Can be used:

• Fitosporin,
• Topsin-M,
• Topaz,
• Fundazol.

Before use, first read the description of the drug and the processing procedure specified in the instructions. Spray black currant bushes in dry, windless weather.

Copper sulfate (1%) is considered the safest for human health. A solution is prepared from it (1 teaspoon per 6-7 liters of liquid). Treatment of powdery mildew is carried out twice: at the stage of bud formation, and also after flowering (before the ovaries begin to appear).

Anthracnose

A fungal disease that leads to the appearance of small red or brown spots on the leaves of black currants, in the center of which there are dark tubercles. Affected leaves and fruits wither and fall off. The fungus usually settles on green shoots, and its spores overwinter on fallen leaves.

Treatment

As a treatment method, black currants are treated with Bordeaux mixture. The leaves are sprayed twice: immediately after the first symptoms of the disease appear, and also after harvesting. You can use fungicides (Fitosporin, Previkur, Ridomil).

Collect and destroy fallen leaves. In the future, do not plant currant seedlings where shrubs with anthracnose previously grew.

Rust

Currant columnar rust

There are 2 types of rust - goblet and columnar. In the first case, the main symptom of the disease is raised orange spots on currant leaves. When infected with columnar rust, small clusters of orange dots appear.

Risk factors:

1. Watering the bushes too much in the spring.
2. The presence of a pond or swamp in close proximity to the bush.

Treatment

Both types of disease are treated with fungicides (Bordeaux mixture, Fitosporin-M, Topaz, etc.). To get rid of rust, you need to carry out 4 sprays with an interval of 10 days.

Septoria

Symptoms

The appearance on the leaves of small spots of an unnatural gray color with a brown border. Then spherical growths containing fungal spores form on the bush.

Treatment

Treatment is the same as for anthracnose. You can spray the bush with Skor. Carry out the treatment twice - during the formation of buds and after flowering. To increase resistance to septoria, feed black currants with mineral fertilizers.

Terry

Description

The causative agents of the disease are mycoplasma organisms. Characteristic symptoms are the appearance of irregularly shaped leaves, flowers, and berries. Fruits may not appear at all. In addition, many thin shoots with long internodes are formed.

Terry growth leads to degeneration of bushes; it is useless to fight it. Sick bushes cannot be treated; they are dug up and burned.

Striped mosaic

Striped mosaic – viral disease, the pathogen spreads with the sap of diseased plants, aphids, mites, and also through garden tools when pruning diseased and healthy crops. A symptom of striped mosaic is the appearance of a bright yellow pattern around the main veins of the leaf.

A sick plant cannot be treated. The bush is completely uprooted, leaving no root particles, and burned.

Pests

The most common pests of black currants include:

• kidney mite,
• spider mite,

Kidney mite

Kidney mites have very small size, reaching a length of 0.2-0.3 mm. They feed on plant sap, causing the leaves to dry out. The first sign of blackcurrant damage is swollen buds. If one of them is broken, glassy eggs will be inside.

Control measures

Black currants can be treated with acaricides (Nissoran, Apollo) only after harvesting. Spraying the bushes with boiling water helps against bud mites; this is done before the buds appear or in late autumn.

Spider mite

Signs of pest damage to black currants are the appearance of yellow dots on the leaves. The leaves become marbled, and then turn yellow and dry out. If there are too many colonies, a thin web appears on the plants.

Control measures

The bushes are treated before the beginning of the growing season using Trichlorometaphos-3. If necessary, repeat the procedure before and after flowering.

Spraying with mustard infusion gives a good result. For 10 liters of water, take 200 g of mustard powder and leave for 10-12 hours. Then strain the infusion and sprinkle the currants.

Berry sawfly

An adult insect is 3-4 mm long, with a wingspan of 7-8 mm. The larvae are dirty white in color; they develop inside the ovaries, eating the seeds. Signs of infection: the berries grow greatly, become prematurely colored, and acquire a characteristic ribbed shape.

The fight against berry sawfly includes the following measures:

1. Collection and destruction of infected berries.
2. If the berry sawfly was noticed on currants in the previous season, spray before flowering. If the treatment was carried out after the end of currant flowering, it is better not to use the berries for food.
3. Dig up the soil around the bushes, removing the leaves.
4. Cover the bushes by mulching the ground with compost or peat with a layer of 8 cm.
5. After the blackcurrant blooms, unclutter the plants.

Blackcurrant varieties resistant to diseases and pests

The goal of modern breeding is to breed plants that are not afraid of pests and diseases.

These varieties, for example, include:

1. Klussonovskaya (Russia). Suitable for areas where powdery mildew and bud mites are common.
2. Memory of Vavilov (Russia). The variety has a high degree of resistance to powdery mildew, anthracnose and moderate resistance to bud mite.
3. Selechenskaya (Russia). The berries are large, the variety is highly resistant to infection by powdery mildew, anthracnose, and bud mite.
4. Kupalinka (Belarus). The berries have thin skin and are resistant to powdery mildew and mite infestation.
5. Katyusha. (Belarus). It has a high degree of resistance to powdery mildew and anthracnose.
6. Titania (Switzerland). It has strong immunity to anthracnose, powdery mildew, and tick infestation.

This article presents the main diseases and pests of currants, as well as effective methods fight them.

Main currant diseases, their symptoms

Against the background of incorrect agricultural technology, when choosing unresistant varieties and in unfavorable weather conditions, currant plants are affected by a variety of diseases, the most harmful of which are as follows.

In seasons with humid, warm weather, berry plants are attacked by a fungus from the order Powdery mildew. Affected plants lag behind in development and often freeze completely in winter. Characteristic signs of damage are:

1. The onset of the disease occurs at the end of flowering of the bushes, when a light gray erasable coating, similar to flour, appears on the tender tops.
2. Diseased leaves remain small, undeveloped and dry out on the branches.
3. Infected shoots become distorted, stop growing, and their resistance to heat and frost decreases.

Important! Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers to currant bushes sharply reduces their resistance to powdery mildew.

Contributes to the development of this fungal disease wet weather, thickening of plantings, presence of weeds. The development of anthracnose is characterized by the following symptoms:

1. The pathogen primarily affects leaves, petioles and stalks.
2. The first sign of the disease is the presence of small, several millimeters in diameter, brown spots.
3. After some time, ulcers appear in place of the spots, diseased leaves dry out and fall off.

Important! The fungus that causes anthracnose overwinters in fallen leaves, so one of the effective measures Disease prevention is the autumn collection and disposal of leaves.

Currant terry

A specific disease of currants is caused by viruses and can completely destroy the berry plant; it is transmitted by pests: mites, aphids, bedbugs. The main signs of infection are as follows:

1. Education large quantity shortened shoots, the so-called “panicles”.
2. The leaves lose their specific currant smell, become rough, shiny, veiny.
3. Flowers and perianths turn into small narrow petals of a deep lilac color, the pistil becomes thinner and takes on a filamentous appearance.
4. Berry setting stops, plant development is delayed for up to 2 weeks.

Important! You should be careful when purchasing planting material, since the virus can penetrate the area with seedlings and cuttings.

White leaf spot

The fungal disease mainly affects black currant leaves, less often than other types. The pathogen overwinters in fallen leaves, and with the onset of warm weather it moves to living parts of the plant. Spotting is determined when the following changes are detected:

1. The appearance of small round leaves on the leaves brown spots , which increase over time, turning into white spots with a clear brown border.
2. The disease can manifest itself in the form of the same spots on berries and shoots which later begin to rot.
3. In case of severe infection and favorable for the development of the fungus Under weather conditions, bushes shed leaves en masse, and the harvest is often lost.

Important! Diseased leaves reduce the activity of photosynthesis, which weakens the plant, and in case of severe damage leads to its death.

Glass rust

Spores of the fungus that causes rust, developing on weeds, are blown onto currant bushes in the spring by gusts of wind, infecting the foliage. The disease is characterized by the following specific symptoms:

1. The appearance of small yellow tubercles on the leaves, which over time turn into distinct orange-red dense swellings.
2. These goblet-shaped elevations die over time and fall out., resulting in injured, undeveloped leaves.
3. In case of severe infection, leaves, the ovaries and fruits fall off, the main harvest is lost.

Important! The rust-carrying weed is sedge, which is easy to identify by its characteristic triangular stem. Mowing this weed will prevent currant rust diseases.

Effective ways to fight diseases

One of the mandatory techniques in the fight against diseases is the following:

• Collection of affected leaves and ovaries.
• Cutting out diseased branches and ends of shoots.
• Digging up soil under bushes.
• All collected infected parts of the plant must be disposed of by burning or burying in the ground to a depth of at least 1 meter.

Whenever viral diseases Mechanical destruction of infected plants and planting material remains the only way to prevent the spread of infection.

To prevent the development of currant diseases and treat in case of infection, successive treatments with the following drugs are effective.

Colloidal sulfur

To combat powdery mildew, use a 0.5% suspension of colloidal sulfur, treating the shrubs in 5 periods:

• before flowering;
• immediately after flowering;
• 10 days after flowering;
• 20 days after flowering;
• after harvest.

Advice. To prepare a 0.5% suspension of colloidal sulfur, take 50 g of sulfur powder and stir in a small amount warm water to a pasty state, then gradually introduce water to a total volume of 10 liters.

Bordeaux liquid

Spraying with a 1% solution of this drug is effective for the treatment and prevention of anthracnose, spotting, and rust. The main treatments are carried out in 3 periods:

• immediately after flowering;
• 10 days after flowering;
• after harvest.

Advice. To properly prepare a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture, you need to take 100 g of copper sulfate, 150 g of quicklime per 10 liters of water. dilute in a separate container in 3 liters of warm water, in another container in the same amount of water the lime is slaked. Then the vitriol solution is gradually poured into the lime suspension, stirred thoroughly, filtered and the finished product is brought to 10 liters of volume.

Bordeaux mixture is successfully replaced with solutions of 0.3% copper oxychloride or systemic fungicides, such as Topsin M, Topaz, Strobi, Saprol.

Currant pests, signs of their appearance

Various currant pests not only cause damage to all parts of plants, weakening them and destroying the crop, but also often serve as a background for the development of currant diseases, and sometimes as carriers of viruses. The most dangerous pests discussed below.

Currant bud mite

A characteristic feature of infection is the overwintering of the tick directly in the affected kidneys. External signs currant lesions are as follows:

1. Buds infested with mites do not bloom in spring, swell unnaturally and dry out.
2. Mites born in a dead bud move to other shoots, infecting new buds, where they are able to produce another 1-2 generations.
3. Buds infected with a small number of mites bloom, forming underdeveloped shortened shoots, the bushes do not ripen and are susceptible to freezing.

Important! The pest is a carrier of the tick virus, so signs of mite infestation are often accompanied by symptoms of this disease.

An omnivorous pest that greatly weakens bushes, overwinters on shoots and can subsequently develop on all parts of the plant. Young shoots and leaves are most susceptible to damage.

1. Generations of insects hatch from eggs in the spring, and with the onset of warm and humid weather they multiply quickly, and the population has a wave-like character.
2. Sexually mature light green individuals are visible to the naked eye, colonies are more often localized on the underside of leaves and tops of shoots.
3. Affected leaves swell in the form of light blisters, the shoots become bent and remain undeveloped.

Important! Aphids suck sap from green parts of plants and serve as a carrier viral infections, and can significantly damage berry plants.

Currant borer and glass

Insect larvae of these species infect currant branches and, in a short period of time, with a strong infection, can completely destroy the plantation. Determine the presence of pests as follows:

1. Suspicion of infestation by larvae should arise, if in the spring the gardener observes withering and drying currant shoots.
2. Cutting along such a shoot, you can see an elongated dark passage inside., in which there is either a legless larva of the currant borer beetle or a white caterpillar of the currant glass beetle.
3. Larvae of both species pupate in May., occurs in June, and the larvae hatch again in July, damaging the shoots.

Important! Pests overwinter inside the shoots, so it is necessary to inspect the berry gardens promptly and regularly, destroying infected branches.

Pest Control

Cutting and burning damaged shoots and digging up the soil under the bushes remain the main measures to reduce damage from pests in currant plantings.

For comprehensive protection of berry fields, mandatory treatments are carried out during the following periods:

After bud break

Against aphids, use 0.1% emulsion of 25% anometrine-N, solutions of Decis, Confidor or Calypso in concentrations according to the instructions of the drugs.

Important! Treatments against aphids and other pests should be combined with the use of fungicides against fungal diseases if the time periods coincide.

Before and immediately after flowering

Treatments with colloidal sulfur help to destroy not only the powdery mildew fungus, but also have a detrimental effect on the currant mite. To do this, spray the bushes and the ground underneath them with a 0.5% sulfur suspension prepared according to the recipe suggested above.

20 days after flowering

Currant bushes are sprayed against borer and glasswort with 0.9% emulsion of 10% karbofos, 0.3% chlorophos solution or BI-58. The use of drugs during this period is effective in areas of high pest prevalence, since the age of sexually mature individuals occurs.

Important! Treatment should be carried out no later than 30 days before harvest.

Folk remedies in the fight against diseases and pests of currants

Limiting the use of pesticides significantly increases the environmental friendliness of the crop; in many cases, folk remedies are quite effective and much more accessible than modern ones chemicals protection.

When infested by aphids, mites, and other sucking pests, treatments with herbal preparations prepared according to the following recipes are effective:

• Fresh garlic weighing 100-200 g is ground into a meat grinder, pour in 10 liters of water, filter and immediately treat the affected plants.
• Onion peels weighing 200 g pour 10 liters of water and leave for 4-5 days.
• Dandelion leaves(400 g) or plants with roots (200 g) pour 10 liters of water heated to 40 ° C and leave for 2 hours.

Important! All infusions must be thoroughly strained before use.

To combat borer and glassweed, the following means are used at the same time as when treated with pesticides, that is, 20 days after flowering:

• Soap emulsion prepared at the rate 200 g chopped laundry soap for 10 liters of warm water.
• Wormwood decoction is prepared from 1 kg of wilted raw materials, pour 2-3 liters of warm water into it and boil over low heat for 15 minutes, leaving to steep for 5-6 hours. Bring the volume to 10 liters of water and treat the plants.
• Green potato tops(1 kg) crushed, pour 10 liters of water and leave for 4 hours.
• During the summer, insects are set with fruit syrup traps., periodically check them and destroy pests.

Important! All infusions and decoctions of plants are used in cloudy weather, in the morning or evening, to avoid burns.

Rules of care and preventive measures

In order for currant plantings to be healthy and consistently satisfying with the harvest, it is necessary to adhere to a number of simple rules for caring for plants:

1. Mandatory agrotechnical practices are:
   • planting seedlings with deepening the root collar by 3-5 cm and cutting off the shoots so that 2-3 buds remain above the ground;
   • timely watering and mulching of the soil with peat, compost or humus;
   • replacing bushes older than 7 years with young plants;
   • correct annual pruning, in which 2-3 of the best basal shoots are left each year, and the rest are cut out.
2. Fresh manure should not be applied to currant plantings; nitrogen fertilizers should be used carefully. The best feeding for berry growers, all that remains is to add humus for digging and wood ash.
3. Collecting leaves in autumn, remove dried berries on the bushes, dig up the rows.
4. Before the onset of frost, you should inspect and peel off the loose bark on the branches and burn it.
5. In the spring, before the sap begins to flow, old and diseased shoots affected by powdery mildew, mites or insect larvae are cut out.

   Advice. The cut areas are disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate and covered with garden pitch. Application of wood ash under currant bushes as a combined phosphorus-potassium fertilizers

6. will increase plant resistance to powdery mildew.

   During the growing season, bushes are regularly inspected, branches affected by larvae and buds infested with mites are destroyed. Advice.