When implementing many projects, capital construction or reconstruction of buildings and structures is carried out with the installation of new equipment or specialized processes. Such work may include the installation of fire extinguishing systems, electrical supply, air conditioning, ventilation, fire alarm. All of them require commissioning works, for this purpose, a commissioning program has recently been increasingly drawn up.

What is PNR and why are they carried out?

According to SNiP, commissioning work is a set of activities that are carried out during the preparation for complex testing and individual testing of installed equipment. This includes inspecting, testing and adjusting equipment to achieve design specifications.

All these manipulations are usually carried out on a contractual basis by specialized organizations that have the necessary permits and a staff of qualified specialists. The necessary conditions for their activities on the site (industrial sanitation, occupational safety) are organized by the customer, who also pays for the commissioning work at the expense of the general estimate for putting the facility into operation. All operations must be carried out by personnel of the commissioning organization, instructed and certified for each specific case, under the supervision of a responsible representative from the customer.

There are two main stages in commissioning activities:

Individual tests are activities that are designed to ensure that the requirements that are specified are met. technical specifications, standards and working documentation for testing units, machines and mechanisms. The purpose of individual tests is to prepare for complex testing in the presence of a working commission.
Complex tests are actions carried out after the mechanisms are accepted by the working commission, and the complex testing itself itself. At the same time, the interconnected joint operation of all installed equipment is checked at idle, then under load, after which the technological mode envisaged by the project is reached.

Although this is not prescribed by law, in recent years the customer has increasingly required that a commissioning program be drawn up for testing work. This gives confidence that not a single nuance will be missed, and the operation of all systems will comply with approved standards and design documentation.

How is the commissioning program compiled and what does it include?

The commissioning program is a document that clearly outlines the entire list of actions that will be carried out by the responsible organization. On the Internet you can see discussions about whether the commissioning methodology should be included in the Program or whether it should be drawn up as a separate document. There are no clear requirements regarding this, so it all depends on the agreements of the parties. A sample for each specific situation can be easily found on the Internet.

The program is drawn up and approved by a representative of the commissioning company and agreed upon by the customer; signatures and seals of the parties are placed in the header of the document. Next are the following sections (as an example, let’s take the preparation of a hotel heating system):

checking the correct installation, readiness and serviceability of equipment in visual mode (control devices, shut-off valves, filling the system with water), based on the results, a defective statement is drawn up;
adjustment tests under operating conditions, balance experiments (installation optimal modes, testing valve control in manual and automatic mode, checking automation settings, identifying deficiencies and developing proposals for eliminating them), the result is an individual test report;
comprehensive testing (72 hours of continuous operation for all major equipment, 24 hours for heating networks), its beginning is considered to be the time when all systems are started at maximum load.

Some companies document all activities directly related to the preparation and testing of devices in a separate document - the Commissioning Methodology, which comes as an addition to the Program. In the Program they include more general things of an organizational nature. That is, there is an actual division of the entire complex of work into organizational, legal and technical components. However, the Methodology is often an integral part of the main body of the approved Program.

The following additional documents may be part of the Program:

passports of ventilation, heating and hot water supply systems, as well as individual components of their connection;
the procedure for preparing and subsequently conducting commissioning operations with a list of all operations, their start and end times;
list of stationary and portable measuring instruments (pressure gauges, thermometers, etc.);
list of control and shut-off valves, equipment (pumps, valves, heat exchangers, filters);
a list of control points and measurement protocol for each of them;
a list of parameters that require clarification and adjustment (air humidity and temperature, pressure in pipes, coolant flow rates);
methodology for measuring heat losses from building structures (a special report is drawn up and a certificate is issued).

After all commissioning works, comprehensive testing and operational testing, a commissioning report is drawn up with the relevant annexes (a list of mechanisms and equipment on which adjustment and testing were carried out).

The technical report is usually issued by an involved specialized organization within one month.

Developed by JSC Firm ORGRES.

Agreed: with Glavenergo, with the Main Technical Directorate, with the Main Directorate of Design and Capital Construction.

These Rules establish general principle organization of commissioning work at thermal power plants, their phasing and content in stages, as well as the order of their implementation.

Compliance with the Rules is mandatory for associations, enterprises and organizations subordinate to the USSR Ministry of Energy, as well as associations, enterprises and organizations of other ministries and departments performing commissioning work at thermal power plants.

With the release of these Rules, the “Rules for the production and acceptance of commissioning work at thermal power plants. RD 34.20.406-89” (M.: SPO Soyuztekhenergo, 1990) become invalid.

These Rules have been developed in accordance with SNiP 3.01.04-87 "Acceptance into operation of completed construction facilities. Basic provisions", SNiP 3.05.05-84 "Process equipment and process pipelines", SNiP 3.05.06-85 "Electrical devices", SNiP 3.05.07-85 "Automation systems", SNiP III-4-80 "Safety in construction"; "Rules for the acceptance into operation of individual start-up complexes and completed construction of power plants, electrical and heating network facilities. VSN 37-86" (USSR Ministry of Energy, 1986); current "Device Rules" electrical installations"; "Rules technical operation power stations and networks"; "Rules of Gosgortekhnadzor"; "Rules for the use of gas in national economy"; "Safety rules for the operation of technological equipment of power plants and heating networks"; "Safety rules for the operation of electrical installations", as well as other guidance and regulatory materials for the design, construction, installation and operation of equipment at energy facilities.

The rules apply to the period of commissioning work on power plant equipment until its acceptance into operation by the State Commission.

The rules define the main functions and relationships of organizations involved in commissioning work.

An explanation of the terms used is given in Appendix 1.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The main technology of commissioning work (PPR) is to carry it out according to the principle of setting up functional and technological units (unit-by-unit adjustment).

Unit adjustment begins after individual testing of the equipment and continues until the equipment is put into operation.

1.2. Preparation of the commissioning work begins for power plants with the main and experimental samples of the main equipment or for the first power plants at newly constructed and reconstructed facilities from the moment the order (instruction) of a higher organization is issued on the appointment of the main commissioning organization, but no later than 18 months, and for the rest power plants - no later than 18 months before the year of the planned start of the comprehensive testing period.

An order (instruction) on the appointment of the lead commissioning organization is issued on the same conditions as orders on the appointment of state commissions according to VSN 37-86 of the USSR Ministry of Energy.

In other cases, the need for a head commissioning organization is determined by the customer. In this case, the appointment of the head commissioning organization is made by the customer in agreement with the organization that is entrusted with the functions of the head organization, or upon delivery of the facility on a turnkey basis by the general contractor on the same conditions.

1.3. Organizational support for the commissioning effort includes: drawing up a coordination plan for the commissioning effort; development of estimate documentation for commissioning; conclusion of contract agreements for the production of commissioning works; opening financing for commissioning projects within a time frame that ensures settlements with involved commissioning organizations at all stages.

Characteristics of the work on organizational support of the commissioning project are given in Appendix 2.

1.4. Technical support for commissioning includes: commissioning project; familiarization with the design of a power plant and (or) thermal power plant, its analysis and issuance of comments on the project; development of commissioning documentation; development of temporary operational documentation; training of operating personnel for commissioning and commissioning; incoming inspection of technological equipment, pipelines, electrical equipment and apparatus, means of control and management of technological processes; control over construction and installation works.

The characteristics of technical support work during the preparation of the commissioning work are given in Appendix 4.

Recommended forms for the list and composition of equipment of functional and technological units, as well as the general technological schedule for commissioning work included in the technical support for the commissioning work, are given in Appendices 5 and 6 (not given).

1.5. Material support for PPR includes: financing, provision of PPR production with equipment, instruments, materials, energy resources and communications; providing organizations participating in the PPR with production and sanitary facilities, housing, medical care, transport services, places in preschool and school institutions, social and cultural services, and personal protective equipment.

1.6. The list of equipment and devices of thermal power plants on which commissioning and commissioning is carried out is given in Appendix 7.

1.7. Technological sequence, the duration and sequence of pre-commissioning and commissioning work is determined by the commissioning schedule, which is included in the commissioning documentation.

The schedule should provide for the parallel implementation of autonomous adjustment of automated process control systems and installation of main equipment. To do this, the following organizational and technical activities must be reflected in the schedule.

1.7.1. Advanced completion of construction and finishing works in the control panel room with the inclusion of lighting, fire extinguishing, ventilation, air conditioning systems (in accordance with CH-512-78) and transfer of these premises for installation technical means APCS.

1.7.2. Predictive voltage supply and system adjustment uninterruptible power supply automated process control systems in the control panel room.

1.7.3. For timely cranking of mechanisms, successful adjustment of systems, functional group control and functional groups, early supply of voltage to the main building at own needs power unit

1.7.4. Providing the necessary time for quality implementation unit-by-unit commissioning, completion of installation and individual testing of the main power equipment before the start of unit-by-unit commissioning.

1.7.5. A rational procedure for carrying out complex adjustments, allowing for the completion of comprehensive testing of the unit (installation) in the shortest possible time.

1.7.6. Table 1.

Table 1

1.7.7. An example of the implementation of the commissioning schedule is given in Appendix 6.

2. STAGES AND ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSIONING WORK

2.1. The commissioning work can be divided into eight stages, differing in the technology of their implementation.

2.1.1. Preparatory stage.

2.1.2. Pre-installation inspection and testing of equipment: machines and mechanisms, devices, fittings, controls and information presentation.

2.1.3. Element-by-element acceptance from installation and individual testing of equipment.

2.1.4. Unit-by-unit acceptance from individual tests (including the necessary control of completeness and quality of installation) of equipment of functional units.

In accordance with SNiP 3.05.05-84, SNiP 3.05.06-85 and SNiP 3.05.07-85, the stages of element-by-element acceptance from installation and individual testing of equipment do not coincide in time for different types of equipment and this difference can be very significant. Unit acceptance serves to check the readiness of all types of unit equipment for unit adjustment at the time of its start.

2.1.5. Unit-by-unit start-up (hereinafter referred to as “start-up”) adjustment of functional units on idle equipment (cold adjustment) and their testing under load. Transferring functional units from commissioning to operation mode, to checking construction and installation readiness and to unit-by-unit complex adjustment on operating equipment.

2.1.6. Testing of a unit (or a separate boiler unit, turbine unit) with synchronization (or without it for a separate boiler unit) and a load set to check its full construction and installation readiness.

2.1.7. Unit-by-unit integrated (hereinafter referred to as “integrated”) adjustment and testing of functional units, including subsystems of automated process control systems and the operational circuit of the block control panel for testing equipment modes. Trial operation of functional and technological units, including monitoring and control systems, identification and elimination of defects, transfer of functional units to industrial operation. Carrying out a comprehensive testing of the unit (installation).

2.1.8. Acceptance of the unit (installation) into operation by the state commission with necessary tests energy equipment and with the execution of the corresponding act.

2.2. There are two fundamental various types organization of commissioning work on equipment:

work carried out by specialists of one profession (thermal mechanics, electricians, process control system specialists, etc.), assembled in teams and performing adjustment operations almost independently of specialists of other professions;

work carried out by integrated unit teams (hereinafter referred to as “unit teams”). Each node team includes workers of all professions necessary to set up a given functional and technological node.

2.2.1. The first type of work organization is used:

during pre-installation inspection, inspection, element-by-element acceptance from installation and individual testing of equipment;

at the initial stage of complex adjustment of units, when it is advisable to carry out initial assurance of the reliability of equipment operation in the designed volume separately by its type.

2.2.2. Starting from the stage of unit-by-unit acceptance from individual testing and until the acceptance of the unit (installation) by the state commission (with the exception of the initial stage of complex adjustment), commissioning and commissioning is carried out by unit teams and organized by complex working subcommittees.

2.2.3. The node team is organized by the decision of a comprehensive working subcommittee during individual testing of equipment from among the leading specialists of organizations performing installation and commissioning work at a given functional unit under contracts: to carry out commissioning work, the node team may additionally be assigned workers from installation and commissioning organizations.

The node team is headed by a foreman appointed from among the highly qualified specialists of the leading commissioning organization for the node, the customer, the research organization or the equipment manufacturer.

The foreman of the node brigades, and, in necessary cases, the entire composition of the node brigade, are appointed by order of the customer or (when the project is delivered on a turnkey basis) by the general contractor.

The foreman of a node brigade and his subordinate team can perform commissioning work on two or more functional nodes.

2.2.4. The comprehensive working subcommittee includes workers of all specialties necessary for organizing and accepting work at the site.

The chairman of the integrated working subcommittee is a member of the working commission.

The appointment of chairmen and the creation of comprehensive working subcommittees is carried out during the period of individual equipment testing.

2.2.5. Working and state acceptance commissions are created in the manner and under conditions corresponding to VSN 37-86 of the USSR Ministry of Energy.

Specialized subcommittees, organized by the working commission in accordance with VSN 37-86 of the USSR Ministry of Energy, can provide assistance to complex working subcommittees in accordance with their areas of activity.

Before organizing a working commission, the customer can form shop commissions for the acceptance of premises, equipment, etc.

2.3.1. The organization of commissioning work should provide for the “integration” of units of a unit or a separate installation that is gradually increased from stage to stage, leading to their full functional coordination during the complex commissioning period.

2.3.2. The preparatory stage of commissioning begins after the release of working drawings. At this stage the following is done:

study and analysis of design and factory documentation, determination of compliance with design documentation regulatory documents, standard solutions and best practices, development of comments and recommendations to eliminate deficiencies;

drawing up a project for commissioning work, including safety measures;

development and approval of work programs for commissioning and commissioning of equipment;

preparing a fleet of measuring equipment, testing equipment and devices, organizing and equipping an on-site laboratory, providing workplaces with instruments, tools and instructional materials;

compiling a list of documentation, the execution of which is necessary at various stages of production and acceptance of commissioning work at each functional unit;

development of the first edition of operating instructions.

Work under clause 2.3.2 is carried out by organizations participating in commissioning work in accordance with the coordination plan individually with the necessary mutual consultations.

2.3.3. At the stage of pre-installation inspection and inspection of equipment, machines, mechanisms, fittings, controls and management equipment, general operational and technical management is provided by the customer in the person of the deputy chief engineer for repairs.

The procedure and scope of audits and inspections are established based on the current rules and standards.

The audit is carried out by the relevant workshops of the power plant with the involvement of installation, repair and commissioning enterprises.

The workshops ensure the organization of work places for repair and commissioning personnel in premises allocated for this purpose by the management of the power plant.

2.3.4. At the stage of element-by-element acceptance from installation and individual tests, general operational and technical management is carried out by the deputy chief engineer of the power plant for installation.

The procedure for acceptance and individual testing is established, guided by the current rules and standards, by the heads of the power plant workshops together with the relevant team leaders of the head commissioning organization, heads of departments of construction, installation and commissioning organizations, and supervisory personnel of manufacturing plants.

Adjustment work is carried out by adjustment organizations in accordance with the coordination plan. The workshops ensure the organization of work places for commissioning personnel in the premises allocated for the performance of these works by the management of the power plant.

The result of this stage is the execution of an act of the working commission on acceptance of the equipment after individual tests (Appendix 8).

The power supply for commissioning work is carried out by the power plant in accordance with current regulations.

2.3.5. At the stage of unit-by-unit acceptance from installation and individual testing of equipment of functional units of the main and general plant equipment, general operational and technical management is carried out by the deputy chief engineer of the power plant for operation.

Acceptance of functional units from installation and individual tests is carried out comprehensively from construction, heating installation, electrical installation and commissioning organizations with consideration of the readiness of the unit in terms of construction, heating installation, electrical installation work and individual tests, with consideration of acts for hidden work and documents (acts, protocols, records in journals) compiled during equipment audits, element-by-element acceptance, and individual tests.

By the beginning of unit-by-unit adjustment and unit-by-unit testing, the installation of the unit's technological equipment must be completely completed; adjustment operations have been performed on the process equipment that do not require the equipment to be put into operation; Autonomous adjustment of sections of the automated process control system subsystems included in this unit has been completed in the following volume:

special software for the subsystem for collecting and primary processing of information, the information base, the subsystem for presenting information, the subsystem for technological printing of diagnostic programs for technical means;

information channels and signal distribution panels;

cabinets of control subsystems, interlocks, protection and alarm systems;

control circuits for mechanisms, shut-off and control valves;

subsystem cabinets automatic regulation;

cabinets (with testing them on simulators) subsystems of functional group control (FGU);

operational circuit of the block control panel and all communications within the block control panel.

The unit-by-unit acceptance of equipment from installation is carried out by a comprehensive working subcommittee.

As a result of this acceptance, an acceptance certificate is issued, approved by the chief engineer of the power plant. The form of the act is given in Appendix 9.

If, during the process of acceptance of the unit from installation and individual testing, defects and deficiencies are identified, then acceptance is suspended until they are eliminated.

The need to perform work not provided for by the project, factory instructions and other documents is documented by an act of the working commission.

2.3.6. At the stage of commissioning of functional units on idle equipment (cold commissioning) and testing them under load (with supply of voltage, air, steam, water, oil with boiler firing), unit-by-unit acceptance for subsequent comprehensive commissioning, general technical management is carried out by the deputy chief engineer of the power plant manual.

Direct commissioning of the unit is carried out by the unit team under the leadership of the foreman.

Work at the stage of commissioning and testing of functional units is carried out according to work programs approved by the chief engineer of the power plant.

Cold commissioning of a functional unit is considered complete if:

all necessary calibrations of analog instruments and checks of factory settings have been completed;

the correctness of the passage of all analog signals from sensors to automation equipment, computer technology, instruments and signaling devices was checked;

all protection and alarm settings are set;

the movement of the regulators and solenoid valves was checked;

the correctness of the signal transmission of discrete devices and sensors used in protection systems, interlocks, automatic control and signaling to computer technology and its display equipment, individual devices, signaling and control devices;

engine torque limit switches and position indicators were calibrated and tested;

switching equipment checked;

the direction of rotation of the drives of technological mechanisms was checked;

direction of movement checked actuators and indicating devices during control action;

the possibility of operational control from the control panel has been installed;

protection systems, interlocks, alarms and logical control systems have been tested (as far as possible without technological mode);

the direction of influence of automatic control systems was checked, the calculated parameters of their settings were set;

Generated and tested the general software of the automated process control system;

special automated process control software was loaded and tested on simulators (as far as possible without technological mode);

the mechanisms were scrolled at idle speed, it was found that the parameters characterizing the state of the mechanism at idle speed were within the limits established by the standards, factory, design and other regulatory and technological documentation. Completion of cold adjustment items is reflected in the “Log of readiness of the unit for load testing”. The log form is given in Appendix 10.

Testing of the unit under load is carried out after complete completion of its cold adjustment.

The stage of commissioning and testing of equipment components ends with trial runs, during which the adjustment of settings, debugging, checking and putting into operation (on the equipment included in the work) subsystems of protection, interlocks, ARV, alarm, ASR, FGU and subsystems for presenting information in volume are completed , necessary to ensure the safety and reliability of testing the unit (or installation) in order to check its construction and installation readiness with taking on the load, with its entry into operation mode and complex adjustment. Technical programs for testing functional units under load indicate the roles and responsibilities of operating personnel.

The organization of testing of the unit after the launch attack in order to accept it for checking construction and installation readiness and for comprehensive commissioning is carried out by a comprehensive working subcommittee.

If during the testing of the unit damage, defects or deficiencies are identified, the testing is interrupted and carried out from the beginning after they have been eliminated.

The completion of this stage for each node is documented in a test report for the node, approved by the chief engineer of the power plant. The form of the protocol is given in Appendix 11.

The unit is considered accepted for verification of construction and installation readiness and for comprehensive commissioning if there is a certificate of acceptance of the unit from installation and individual testing approved by the chief engineer of the power plant (clause 2.3.5), as well as a test report for the unit (Appendix 11).

2.3.7. Checking the construction and installation readiness of the start-up complex of a power unit or a separate unit is carried out according to a special technical program that provides for the start-up of equipment according to design schemes. In this case, for a separate boiler unit, it is envisaged to obtain a pair of design parameters, and for a power unit and a separate turbine unit with a generator, synchronization and set of electrical loads are provided.

The program for checking construction and installation readiness is developed by the head commissioning organization and approved by its chief engineer and the chief engineer of the power plant. In the absence of a head commissioning organization, the program is developed and approved by the customer, involving installation and commissioning organizations in the development of the program.

Operational management of the equipment is carried out by the customer’s operating personnel according to pre-developed operating instructions and a program for checking construction and installation readiness.

Personnel from installation, commissioning, research organizations and supervisory personnel of equipment manufacturing plants take part in the readiness check in accordance with the program.

The technical supervisor for checking construction and installation readiness is the chief engineer of the power plant.

Upon completion of this stage of commissioning work, a working acceptance committee draws up an act on the acceptance of the equipment of the unit (installation) after checking the construction and installation readiness. Attached to the act is a list of equipment, installation and construction defects identified during testing, as well as a program-schedule for the comprehensive adjustment of components and testing of a unit or individual unit. The act is approved by the head of the customer’s higher-level instructions. The form of the act is given in Appendix 12.

Defects in equipment, construction and installation identified during inspection of the construction and installation readiness of the launch complex must be eliminated before the start of comprehensive unit-by-unit adjustment of the equipment.

2.3.8. At the stage of complex adjustment of units, unit adjustment and testing (research) of equipment in various operating modes are carried out:

when a block or a separate unit is stopped with the inclusion of individual functional technological units;

during starts and stops of a unit or individual unit according to the commissioning test program;

when carrying an electrical load at the level specified by the setup program.

During the same period, repair and development work is carried out on the stopped equipment, and defects identified during the adjustment of units are eliminated.

The program for complex adjustment of units provides, at the first stage, separate work of specialists of various professions for the initial adjustment of individual types of equipment in order to ensure the reliability of the installation to the design extent, and then - the integrated work of unit teams created at the acceptance stage, under the technical guidance of foremen.

The completion of adjustment of the units is documented by the unit teams with protocols for conducting a comprehensive test of the units (in the required operating modes of the power unit, which are approved by the chief engineer of the power plant).

During the same period, a comprehensive adjustment of the subsystems of the automated process control system (including the operational circuit of the control panel), their trial operation and transfer to industrial operation is carried out.

The operation of equipment during the complex commissioning period is provided for in separate programs and electricity generation for this period is not planned according to the dispatch schedule.

During the complex adjustment period the following is carried out:

technological debugging of functional units when operating equipment in variable and stationary modes;

carrying out and testing equipment startups from various thermal states according to manufacturers’ schedules;

debugging information channels of discrete and analog parameters, as well as adjusting the information base based on the results of equipment operation;

experimental determination of static and dynamic characteristics of equipment, inclusion of automatic control systems in the design volume;

setting up and adjusting technological algorithms and programs for a complex of tasks of automated process control systems on existing equipment;

adjustment of functional group control systems with adjustment of technological algorithms and FGU programs and interlocks based on the results of launches;

operational adjustment technical documentation;

testing control modes and interaction between operating personnel under the conditions of an existing automated process control system and in case of its failures;

trial operation of a set of tasks and subsystems of automated process control systems with testing in variable and stationary operating modes of equipment, testing it to take the maximum possible (within the design) and maximum long-term load;

transfer of the launch complex of tasks and subsystems of the automated process control system as part of the commissioned power equipment for industrial operation.

Comprehensive commissioning ends with a comprehensive testing of the equipment with the execution of a report in accordance with SNiP 3.01.04-87 (Appendix 2).

2.3.9. After completion of work according to the program-schedule for the comprehensive adjustment of a power unit or individual unit and its comprehensive testing, the said equipment is accepted into operation. Acceptance for operation is carried out by the state acceptance commission with the appointment of control sampling and tests, if necessary.

Trials and tests are carried out under the technical supervision of the chief engineer of the power plant according to a program approved by the state acceptance commission. This produces:

checking the operating modes of the boiler unit, turbine unit, generator, transformer and auxiliary equipment when operating on main fuel and control algorithms for functional units in stationary and variable modes;

comprehensive check of all subsystems of the automated process control system;

checking the joint operation of the main units and auxiliary equipment at the maximum possible (within the design) load;

other necessary testing and testing.

Upon successful acceptance by the state acceptance committee of a power unit or installation into operation, an act of acceptance of the facility into operation is issued in accordance with SNiP 3.01.04-87 (Appendix 5).

customer;

general contracting organization;

subcontracting specialized organizations (installation, commissioning, etc.);

general designer;

subcontracting design organizations;

research organizations - developers of technical solutions;

commissioning personnel of equipment manufacturing plants. Depending on specific conditions, it is possible to combine the functions of several participants by one organization.

3.1. Responsibilities of the customer

Implementation of general, operational and technical management of the quality of construction, installation, adjustment and testing of equipment; carrying out pre-start and start-up operations on equipment, components and units; work of acceptance committees; elimination of defects in equipment, construction and installation.

Ensuring the organization and conduct of pre-installation inspection of equipment and equipment.

Providing commissioning work at all stages:

financing of works;

qualified operating personnel (starting from unit testing);

working tools and materials in the required quantities;

standard instruments, design and factory technical documentation.

Ensuring the safety of equipment and installations, the experimental control system, as well as documentation, equipment and apparatus of organizations participating in commissioning work at the power unit and a regime that excludes access by unauthorized persons.

Providing staff of commissioning and research organizations with office and laboratory premises, housing and other amenities.

Development, together with the general contractor, of measures to ensure safe conditions work, and taking general safety measures and fire safety at the power unit.

3.2. Responsibilities of the head commissioning organization

3.2.1. Ensuring that the scope of commissioning work on equipment is carried out in accordance with the agreed distribution of volumes between the involved commissioning organizations.

3.2.2. In addition to performing your scope of commissioning work:

distribution of volumes of adjustment work (when drawing up a coordination plan);

coordination of the actions of all participants in commissioning work: development of engineering support for commissioning work, participation in the development and coordination of a combined schedule of construction, installation and commissioning work, development or coordination of work and technical programs for commissioning work in accordance with the instructions of Appendix 3, participation in the formation of consolidated commissioning unit teams , including the selection from its composition of a number of unit foremen;

monitoring the results of commissioning work by all participants, participation in the work of acceptance committees;

ensuring round-the-clock duty of leading specialists to provide prompt technical assistance during startup operations on equipment;

submitting for consideration to the launch headquarters questions and proposals relating to the organization and progress of construction, installation and commissioning work;

generalization, together with co-executing organizations, of the results of commissioning work and, on their basis, prompt issuance to the customer, design organizations and manufacturing plants (in a copy - to the relevant departments) of proposals for improving technology, circuits, modes and designs of equipment and monitoring their implementation;

summarizing operating experience of similar equipment and issuing proposals for implementation to the customer;

development, together with the customer, of instructional and technical documentation.

The main commissioning organization, together with the customer, bears primary responsibility for the timing and quality of commissioning work and commissioning of equipment.

3.2.3. Instructions from the head commissioning organization regarding the technology and timing of commissioning work are mandatory for all organizations involved in the commissioning of equipment.

3.2.4. The main form of activity of the head commissioning organization is its conclusion of a single contract agreement for the implementation of the entire complex of commissioning works with the involvement of other commissioning organizations on a subcontract basis.

3.2.5. Additional performance by the commissioning organization of the “head” functions is paid in accordance with the “Regulations on the relationship of organizations - general contractors with subcontractors”, approved by the Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee and the USSR State Planning Committee dated 07/03/87 N 132/109 and under an agreement with the customer.

3.2.6. In the absence of a head commissioning organization, its functions in terms of distribution, control and coordination of work are performed by the customer or, when the facility is delivered on a turnkey basis, by the general contractor.

3.3. Responsibilities of other commissioning organizations

Carrying out commissioning work in accordance with the volumes agreed with the customer and the main commissioning organization. Participation in element-by-element acceptance and individual testing of equipment, as well as in acceptance, startup, complex adjustment and testing of functional units and the unit as a whole (Section 2).

Development and coordination with the main commissioning organization and the customer of technical programs for pre-commissioning and commissioning work, carried out by them in accordance with the coordination plan and protocols for the distribution of work volumes.

Preparation of lists of installation, equipment and project defects.

3.4. Responsibilities of research organizations and commissioning personnel of manufacturing plants

Co-executors of commissioning works according to the coordination plan exercise control over the installation and individual testing of equipment as part of teams: they draw up lists of defects in equipment, installation, design and develop proposals for their elimination; carry out technical supervision of installation; setting up an experimental control scheme on equipment determined by the work distribution protocol;

as part of the node teams, they carry out commissioning of functional units, conduct research at the stage of complex adjustment of functional units to the extent necessary to ensure their operability and determine the parameters for setting up the automated process control system; participate in the work of acceptance committees and complex working subcommittees.

3.5. When organizing the construction of turnkey projects, the customer transfers part of its functions to the general contractor in accordance with Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of November 10, 1989 N 147.

Annex 1

TERMS APPLICABLE

Appendix 2

CHARACTERISTICS OF WORK ON ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT OF PNR

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

CHARACTERISTICS OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT WORK

Appendix 5

Appendix 7

LIST OF EQUIPMENT, DEVICES AND SYSTEMS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS ON WHICH PPR IS PERFORMED

A. Technological part

2. Turbines

3. Centrifugal, axial, screw, plunger, vacuum pumps

4. Turbo drives

5. Steam engines

6. Jet devices (ejectors, injectors, thermodynamic pumps)

7. Smoke exhausters

8. Fans

9. Regenerative rotating heaters

10. Mills

11. Cyclones

12. Scrubbers

13. Separators

14. Electrostatic precipitators

15. Receiving and unloading device

16. Device for automated supply of solid fuel

17. Fuel bunkers

18. Dust preparation systems

19. Raw coal and dust feeders

20. Ignition protective devices

21. Air purification filters

22. Vacuum installations

23. Suction installation

24. Foam dust suppression units

25. Hydro-steam dust removal installation

26. Shot cleaning plants

27. Vacuum installations

28. Receiving and draining fuel systems

29. Liquid fuel tanks (diesel, gas turbine, fuel oil)

30. Installations for supplying liquid fuel

31. Installations for supplying gaseous fuel (gas distribution stations and gas distribution points)

32. Ash collection plants

33. Sulfur removal installations

34. Liquid and dry slag removal plants

35. Foam fire extinguishing systems

36. Water fire extinguishing systems

39. Deaerators

40. Vessels

41. Containers, measuring tanks for storing water, reagents, oils

42. Capacitors

43. Heat exchangers

44. Oil purification and fuel purification machines (separators, centrifuges)

45. Filter presses

46. Water seals with regulators

47. Oil lubrication stations

48. Hydropower stations

49. Shut-off, control, safety valves

50. Hydraulic, pneumatic and steam regulators

51. Reduction-cooling and reducing units

52. Pipelines hot water and a couple

53. Gas pipelines, air pipelines, gas ducts

54. Regulation and protection systems

55. Lubrication systems

56. Water and oil cooling systems for electrical machines

57. Gas cooling systems for electrical machines

58. Cooling systems for electrical machines with superconducting windings

59. Air conditioning systems

60. Heating systems

61. Compressor units

62. Internal combustion engines

63. Cooling towers, pressure and drain channels or conduits

64. Splash Pools

65. Electrolyzer installations

66. Industrial and storm water drainage systems

67. Systems for cleaning oil-contaminated and oily wastewater

68. FIAKM installations

69. Vacuum filters

70. Sewage treatment plants

71. Evaporators

72. Brighteners

73. Ion exchange filters

74. Mechanical filters

75. Regenerator filters

76. Sorption filters

77. Mixed filter

78. Electromagnetic filter

79. Stirrers

80. Traps

81. Hydrocyclones

82. Electrodialysis water treatment plant

83. Installation for coagulation of water in the clarifier

84. Installation for liming water in the clarifier

85. Installation for softening and stabilizing water

86. Installations for chemical desalination of water

87. Installations for chemical desalination of general station condensates

88. Installations for thermal desalination of water

89. Installations for cleaning turbine condensate

90. Device for unloading, storing and preparing working reagent

91. Installations for chemical treatment of cooling water

92. Installations for maintaining the water-chemical regime of boilers

93. Technical water supply system

94. Circulating water supply system

95. Installations for processing turbine, transformer and circulating oils

96. Support and suspension system of process pipelines

B. Electrical part

1. Synchronous generators and exciters

2. Power and instrument transformers

3. Switching equipment

4. Relay protection devices

5. Automation devices in power supply

6. Devices of voltage and operating current systems

7. Electric cars electric drives

8. Static converters

9. Automatic control and regulation systems for electric drives

10. Alarm devices

11. Measurements in electrical installations

12. High voltage tests

13. Electrical interconnected devices and processes

14. Electric elevators

B. Automated control systems

1. Devices for obtaining status information technological process

2. Means for converting information for transmission over a communication channel

3. Means for converting, processing, storing information and generating control commands

4. Devices for using information by a team to influence the process

5. Instruments and devices of local action

6. Electronic computing technology

7. Equipment automated control, control and teleprocessing of data

8. Counting equipment and office equipment

9. Computer software

9.1. Setting up individual programs

9.2. Setting up software systems

9.3. Software improvements

10. Autonomous adjustment of systems

11. Complex adjustment of systems

12. Telemechanics means (devices and equipment of telemechanics)

Appendix 8

Appendix 9

Appendix 10

II. Protection

All protection settings are set and the operation of the protection on cold equipment is checked.

III. Signaling

All alarm settings have been set and the alarm operation on cold equipment has been verified.

IV. Measurement channels

The correct transmission and display of all analog and discrete signals has been verified.

V. Regulatory and shut-off organs

The movement of the control and shut-off elements has been checked, the torque limit switches and position indicators have been calibrated and tested. Management from all project posts is carried out.

VI. Automatic control and regulation systems (blocking, ASR, FGU)

The direction of influence of the systems has been checked, their design parameters have been set, the algorithms for operating on cold equipment have been tested and correspond to the design.

VII. The ICS application software is loaded and tested on cold equipment.

Appendix 11

Appendix 12

Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation

RULES
ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSIONING WORKS AT THERMAL POWER STATIONS

RD 34.70.110-92
(RD 34.20.406)

Effective from 01.11.91

DEVELOPEDJSC Firm ORGRES

PERFORMERSL.N. GINZBURG, E.R. GORSKY, V.KH. KARPOV, V.A. KULIKOV, V.T. LESNIKOV, A.N. LOVTSOV, I.F. ROMANCHUK, Yu.B. SKOROBOGATOV, V.A. SUKHANOV, B.V. USTINOV, N.A. AKULININ, A.N. BABYLIN

AGREED

with Glavenergo

with the Main Technical Directorate

with the Main Directorate of Design and Capital Construction

APPROVEDFormer Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR 11.28.91.

Deputy Minister A.N. MAKUKHIN

These rules establish the general principle of organizing commissioning work at thermal power plants, their phasing and content in stages, as well as the order of their implementation.

Compliance with the rules is mandatory for associations, enterprises and organizations subordinate to the USSR Ministry of Energy, as well as associations, enterprises and organizations of other ministries and departments performing commissioning work at thermal power plants.

With the release of these rules, the “Rules for the production and acceptance of commissioning work at thermal power plants: RD 34.20.406-89” (M.: SPO Soyuztekhenergo, 1990) are lost.

These rules have been developed in accordance with SNiP 3.01.04-87 “Acceptance into operation of completed construction facilities. Basic provisions", SNiP 3.05.05-84 "Process equipment and process pipelines", SNiP 3.05.06-85 "Electrical devices", SNiP 3.05.07-85 "Automation systems", SNiP III-4-80 “Safety in construction”; “Rules for the acceptance into operation of individual start-up complexes and completed construction of power plants, electrical and heating network facilities: VSN 37-86” (USSR Ministry of Energy, 1986); current “Rules for electrical installations”; “Rules for the technical operation of power plants and networks”; “Rules of Gosgortekhnadzor”; “Rules for the use of gas in the national economy”; “Safety rules for the operation of technological equipment of power plants and heating networks”; “Safety Rules for the Operation of Electrical Installations”, as well as other guidance and regulatory materials on the design, construction, installation and operation of equipment at energy facilities.

The rules apply to the period of commissioning work on power plant equipment until its acceptance into operation by the State Commission.

The rules define the main functions and relationships of organizations involved in commissioning work.

An explanation of the terms used is given in.

1. General Provisions

1.1. The main technology of commissioning work (PPR) is to carry it out according to the principle of setting up functional and technological units (unit-by-unit adjustment).

Unit adjustment begins after individual testing of the equipment and continues until the equipment is put into operation.

In other cases, the need for a head commissioning organization is determined by the customer. In this case, the appointment of the lead commissioning organization is made by the customer in agreement with the organization that is entrusted with the functions of the lead organization or upon delivery of the facility “turnkey” by the general contractor on the same conditions.

Characteristics of work on organizational support of the commissioning project are given in.

The characteristics of technical support work during the preparation of the commissioning work are given in.

Recommended forms for the list and composition of equipment of functional and technological units, as well as the general technological schedule of commissioning works included in the technical support of the commissioning work, are given in and.

1.6. The list of equipment and devices of thermal power plants on which commissioning and commissioning is carried out is given in.

1.7. The technological sequence, duration and order of pre-commissioning and commissioning work is determined by the commissioning schedule, which is part of the commissioning documentation.

1.7.1. Early completion of construction and finishing work in the control panel room with the inclusion of lighting, fire extinguishing, ventilation, air conditioning systems (in accordance with SN-512-78) and transfer of these premises for the installation of automated process control systems.

1.7.2. Pre-emptive supply of voltage and adjustment of an uninterruptible power supply system for automated process control systems in the control panel room.

1.7.3. For timely cranking of mechanisms, successful adjustment of systems, functional group control and functional groups, early supply of voltage to the main building for the power unit’s own needs.

1.7.4. Providing the necessary time for high-quality implementation of unit commissioning, completion of installation and individual testing of the main power equipment before the start of unit commissioning.

1.7.5. A rational procedure for carrying out complex adjustments, allowing for the completion of comprehensive testing of the unit (installation) in the shortest possible time.

1.7.6. Table 1.

1.7.7. An example of the implementation of the commissioning schedule is given in.

Table 1

Item no.	Equipment characteristics	Minimum time before synchronization, months.				Minimum time after synchronization for complex setup of a power unit (installation), months.
		Minimum time before synchronization, months.
		Completion of work on the control room turning on the lights, fire extinguishing, ventilation and air conditioning	Setting up uninterruptible power supply systems. Supplying voltage to the control room	Supply voltage to the main body	Beginning of unit-by-unit acceptance and adjustment

	Power equipment of prototypes, the first power plants at newly built facilities, regardless of power
	Power equipment for steam plants with a capacity of 175 MW and above, combined cycle and gas turbine plants with a capacity of 100 MW and above, except for those specified in paragraph 1
	Power equipment for steam plants with a capacity of less than 175 MW, combined cycle gas and gas turbine plants with a capacity of less than 100 MW, except for those specified in paragraph 1

2. Stages and organization of commissioning work

2.1. The commissioning work can be divided into eight stages, differing in the technology of their implementation.

2.1.1. Preparatory stage.

2.1.2. Pre-installation inspection and testing of equipment: machines and mechanisms, devices, fittings, controls and information presentation.

2.1.3. Element-by-element acceptance from installation and individual testing of equipment.

2.1.4. Unit-by-unit acceptance from individual tests (including the necessary control of completeness and quality of installation) of equipment of functional units.

The power supply for commissioning work is carried out by the power plant in accordance with current regulations.

Special software for the subsystem for collecting and primary processing of information, information base, subsystem for presenting information, subsystem for technological printing of diagnostic programs for technical means;

Information channels and signal distribution panels;

Cabinets of control subsystems, interlocks, protection and alarm systems;

Control diagrams for mechanisms, shut-off and control valves;

Automatic control subsystem cabinets;

Cabinets (with testing them on simulators) of the functional group control subsystem (FGU);

The operational circuit of the block control panel and all communications within the block control panel.

The unit-by-unit acceptance of equipment from installation is carried out by a comprehensive working subcommittee.

As a result of this acceptance, an acceptance certificate is issued, approved by the chief engineer of the power plant. The form of the act is given in.

If, during the process of acceptance of the unit from installation and individual testing, defects and deficiencies are identified, then acceptance is suspended until they are eliminated.

The need to perform work not provided for by the project, factory instructions and other documents is documented by an act of the working commission.

Direct commissioning of the unit is carried out by the unit team under the leadership of the foreman.

Work at the stage of commissioning and testing of functional units is carried out according to work programs approved by the chief engineer of the power plant.

Cold commissioning of a functional unit is considered complete if:

All necessary calibrations of analog instruments and checks of factory settings have been completed;

The correctness of the passage of all analog signals from sensors to automation equipment, computer technology, instruments and signaling devices was checked;

All protection and alarm settings are set;

The movement of the regulators and solenoid valves has been checked;

The correctness of the signal transmission of discrete devices and sensors used in protection, interlocking, automatic control and alarm systems to computer technology and its display equipment, individual devices, signaling devices and control devices was checked;

Engine torque limit switches and position indicators have been calibrated and tested;

Switching equipment has been checked;

The direction of rotation of the drives of technological mechanisms was checked;

The direction of movement of actuators and indicating devices during control action was checked;

The possibility of operational control from the control panel has been established;

Protection systems, interlocks, alarms and logical control systems have been tested (as far as possible without technological mode);

The direction of influence of automatic control systems was checked, the calculated parameters of their settings were set;

Generated and tested the general software of the automated process control system;

Special APCS software was loaded and tested on simulators (as far as possible without technological mode);

The mechanisms were scrolled at idle speed, and it was found that the parameters characterizing the state of the mechanism at idle speed were within the limits established by the standards, factory, design and other regulatory and technological documentation. Completion of cold adjustment items is reflected in the “Log of unit readiness for load testing.” The log form is given in.

Testing of the unit under load is carried out after complete completion of its cold adjustment.

If during the testing of the unit damage, defects or deficiencies are identified, the testing is interrupted and carried out from the beginning after they have been eliminated.

The completion of this stage for each node is documented in a test report for the node, approved by the chief engineer of the power plant. The form of the protocol is given in.

Personnel from installation, commissioning, and research organizations and supervisory personnel from equipment manufacturing plants take part in the readiness check in accordance with the program.

The technical supervisor for checking construction and installation readiness is the chief engineer of the power plant.

2.3.8. At the stage of complex adjustment of units, unit adjustment and testing (research) of equipment in various operating modes are carried out:

When a block or a separate unit is stopped and individual functional technological units are put into operation;

When starting and stopping a unit or a separate unit according to the commissioning test program;

When carrying an electrical load at the level specified by the setup program.

During the same period, repair and development work is carried out on the stopped equipment, and defects identified during the adjustment of units are eliminated.

The operation of equipment during the complex commissioning period is provided for in separate programs and electricity generation for this period is not planned according to the dispatch schedule.

During the complex adjustment period the following is carried out:

Technological debugging of functional units when operating equipment in variable and stationary modes;

Carrying out and testing equipment startups from various thermal states according to manufacturers’ schedules;

Debugging information channels of discrete and analog parameters, as well as adjusting the information base based on the results of equipment operation;

Experimental determination of static and dynamic characteristics of equipment, inclusion of automatic control systems in the design volume;

Adjustment and adjustment of technological algorithms and programs for a complex of tasks of automated process control systems on existing equipment;

Adjustment of functional group control systems with adjustment of technological algorithms and FGU programs and interlocks based on the results of launches;

Correction of operational technical documentation;

Testing control modes and interaction between operating personnel under the conditions of an existing automated process control system and in case of its failures;

Trial operation of a complex of tasks and subsystems of automated process control systems with testing in variable and stationary operating modes of equipment, testing it to take the maximum possible (within the design) and maximum long-term load;

Transfer of the launch complex of tasks and subsystems of automated process control systems as part of the commissioned power equipment into industrial operation.

Comprehensive commissioning ends with a comprehensive testing of the equipment with the execution of a report in accordance with SNiP 3.01.04-87 (Appendix 2).

Trials and tests are carried out under the technical supervision of the chief engineer of the power plant according to a program approved by the state acceptance commission. This produces:

Checking the operating modes of the boiler unit, turbine unit, generator, transformer and auxiliary equipment when operating on the main fuel and control algorithms for functional units in stationary and variable modes;

Comprehensive testing of all subsystems of the automated process control system;

Checking the joint operation of the main units and auxiliary equipment at the maximum possible (within the design) load;

Other necessary testing and testing.

3. Distribution of main responsibilities between
organizations involved in commissioning work

The main participants in commissioning work at thermal power plants are:

Customer;

General contracting organization;

Subcontracting specialized organizations (installation, commissioning, etc.);

General designer;

Subcontracting design organizations;

Research organizations - developers of technical solutions;

Commissioning personnel of equipment manufacturers. Depending on specific conditions, it is possible to combine the functions of several participants by one organization.

3.1. Responsibilities of the customer

Ensuring the organization and conduct of pre-installation inspection of equipment and equipment.

Providing commissioning work at all stages:

Financing of work;

Qualified operating personnel (starting with unit testing);

Working tools and materials in the required quantities;

Exemplary instruments, design and factory technical documentation.

Providing staff of commissioning and research organizations with office and laboratory premises, housing and other amenities.

Development, together with the general contractor, of measures to ensure safe working conditions, and the adoption of general measures for safety and fire safety at the power unit.

3.2. Responsibilities of the head commissioning organization

3.2.1. Ensuring that the scope of commissioning work on equipment is carried out in accordance with the agreed distribution of volumes between the involved commissioning organizations.

3.2.2. In addition to performing your scope of commissioning work:

Distribution of scope of adjustment work (when drawing up a coordination plan);

Coordination of the actions of all participants in commissioning work: development of engineering support for commissioning work, participation in the development and coordination of a combined schedule of construction, installation and commissioning work, development or coordination of work and technical programs for commissioning work in accordance with the instructions of Appendix 3, participation in the formation of consolidated commissioning unit teams , including the selection from its composition of a number of unit foremen;

Monitoring the results of commissioning work by all participants, participation in the work of acceptance committees;

Ensuring round-the-clock duty of leading specialists to provide prompt technical assistance during the period of launch operations on equipment;

Submitting for consideration by the launch headquarters questions and proposals regarding the organization and progress of construction, installation and commissioning work;

Generalization, together with co-executing organizations, of the results of commissioning work and, on their basis, prompt issuance to the customer, design organizations and manufacturing plants (in a copy - to the relevant departments) of proposals for improving technology, circuits, modes and designs of equipment and monitoring their implementation;

Summarizing operating experience of similar equipment and issuing proposals for implementation to the customer;

Development, together with the customer, of instructional and technical documentation.

The main commissioning organization, together with the customer, bears primary responsibility for the timing and quality of commissioning work and commissioning of equipment.

3.2.3. Instructions from the head commissioning organization regarding the technology and timing of commissioning work are mandatory for all organizations involved in the commissioning of equipment.

3.2.5. Additional performance by the commissioning organization of the “head” functions is paid in accordance with the “Regulations on the relationship of organizations - general contractors with subcontractors”, approved by the Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee and the USSR State Planning Committee dated 07/03/87, No. 132/109 and under an agreement with the customer.

3.3. Responsibilities of other commissioning organizations

Preparation of lists of installation, equipment and project defects.

3.4. Responsibilities of research organizations and commissioning
manufacturing plant personnel

Annex 1
Terms used

Autonomous setup	Setting up equipment without external technological and control connections
Leading commissioning organization	A commissioning organization that carries out the bulk of work on setting up a functional unit and is responsible for the result of work on this unit
Trial operation	Operation of monitoring and control equipment carried out by the customer in order to determine the readiness of components and systems, operating and maintenance personnel for long-term operation in compliance with technological conditions and guaranteed reliability indicators.
In this case, identification of defects and malfunctions is carried out by the customer’s personnel, and elimination is carried out by the organization that allowed them (construction, installation, commissioning, etc.)	Functional-technological unit (functional unit)

A functionally separated complex of structures, equipment and devices (structures, apparatus, machines and mechanisms, fittings, pipe and electrical wiring, control and monitoring equipment), united by the process of performing an autonomous production and technological function and, in combination with other functional units, providing a unified process for the release of the final product. products. The allocation of functional units is carried out in order to provide technology for functional unit production of commissioning works to improve their quality, organizational and technical level and efficiency
Appendix 2

Characteristics of work on organizational support of commissioning works	Job title
Characteristics of work	Drawing up a coordination plan for the commissioning process
The coordination plan for commissioning is developed by the customer and the lead commissioning organization, and when the facility is delivered on a turnkey basis - by the general contractor and the lead commissioning organization. The coordination plan must list all commissioning work, performers, co-executors and estimated costs of the commissioning work. No later than 24 months before the start of a comprehensive testing of the power plant, the customer, together with the head commissioning organization, is obliged to agree on the coordination plan for the commissioning work with all organizations participating in the commissioning work, and approve it in the higher organization.	Development of estimate documentation
Estimated documentation for the commissioning work is developed in accordance with SN 534-81 and VSN-1-88 by the customer and the lead commissioning organization together with contractors involved in the implementation of the commissioning work.	The customer (and in the case of turnkey delivery - the general contractor) must, in the prescribed manner, enter into a contract agreement with the head commissioning organization, and in its absence, with all commissioning organizations for the production of commissioning works. Contract agreements for the production of commissioning works must be concluded for all work determined by the coordination plan for commissioning works. Organizations that have entered into a contract for the production of commissioning works have the right to involve other organizations in the work they perform under a subcontract agreement and are responsible to the customer for all work, including those performed by the involved organizations
Financing of the PPR	The customer is obliged to open financing for commissioning work within a time frame that ensures settlements with the involved commissioning organizations from the stage of preparation for commissioning work

Appendix 3
Coordination plan for commissioning work

BY __________________________________________________________________

(name of equipment and power plant)

№№ pp	Characteristics of work on organizational support of commissioning works	Organization - performer and co-executors	Start date, month, year	Completion date, month, year	Amount of work for each performer, thousand rubles.	Note

Appendix 4
Characteristics of technical support work

Name of works	Characteristics of work
PNR project	The commissioning project is carried out by the general design organization in order to determine the nomenclature and regulation of work and their support. The design organization can enter into a contract agreement for the development of the commissioning project with commissioning organizations. The commissioning project includes: list and composition of functional and technological units (determined at the stages of project implementation and working drawings); technology with the necessary calculations for post-installation cleaning of pipelines and equipment, cleaning schemes (washing, blowing); drawings for temporary pipelines with connecting units, fixtures and devices; calculations of resources required for commissioning, indicating sources; custom specifications for materials, reagents, pipelines, equipment, devices; methods and scope of inspection and testing of temporary pipelines; cost estimate for the installation and dismantling of temporary pipelines, devices and fixtures, as well as their testing and other costs of installation organizations for the implementation of the commissioning project, including the duty of installation personnel during commissioning periods; means and technology for neutralization and regeneration of active solutions and waters used for post-installation cleaning; means and technology for cleaning and cooling wash waters with calculations of the balance and location of discharge of these waters, taking into account protection requirements environment and maintaining safety for the population.
Analysis of a thermal power plant or power plant project	The design analysis is carried out by the customer (operating organization) in order to identify its shortcomings. The customer enters into supervision agreements for project analysis with the main commissioning organization, and in its absence, with specialized commissioning organizations that, by the nature of their activities, can carry it out. The result of the project analysis should be a list of comments with developed measures and proposals for eliminating them, which the customer transfers to the general design organization.
Introduction to the project	Commissioning organizations familiarize themselves with the design and documentation of manufacturing plants in order to prepare for the production of commissioning works, using the documentation provided to them by the customer, as well as documentation available to the customer, design, installation and other organizations. Commissioning documentation is developed by the customer together with the main commissioning organization, and in its absence, with other contract commissioning organizations. Commissioning documentation includes schedules and commissioning programs; lists of readiness for commissioning of construction hydraulic facilities, thermomechanical installations and systems of electrical devices and equipment, controls, monitoring and display of information, protection, interlocks and alarms; reporting documentation. Development organizations are required to coordinate commissioning documentation with organizations participating in commissioning and manufacturing plants. Agreed commissioning documentation(except for the general commissioning schedule) must be approved by the technical launch manager and accepted by the customer for production. General schedule The PNR is approved at the level that appoints the State Acceptance Commission.
Development of temporary operational documentation	Determining the scope, development and approval of temporary operational documentation is the responsibility of the customer. The customer may enter into contract agreements for the development of temporary operational documentation with other organizations. Organizations that develop documentation are required to coordinate temporary operational documentation with the equipment manufacturer, research and development organizations that develop equipment. The customer is obliged to ensure the readiness of temporary operational documentation no later than 6 months in advance. for head samples and 1 month. for serial samples of equipment before the start of the commissioning period.
Control over construction and installation works	Control over the implementation of construction and installation work is carried out by the customer in order to timely identify and eliminate defects and deficiencies in the installed systems and equipment of a thermal power plant or power plant. The customer may enter into a contract for monitoring construction and installation work with other organizations. The design organization carries out design supervision.

Appendix 5
List and composition of equipment of functional and technological units

____________________________________________________________________

(unit or block number, name of power plant)

IN PART OF BOILER AND TURBINE INSTALLATIONS, THERMOMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT OF GENERATOR AND COMMON-PLANT (COMMON-BLOCK) COMPLEXES OF APCS

№
pp.

Node code

Name of the functional unit

Leading commissioning organization and co-executors

Quantity

List of electrical supply equipment

Note

mechanisms

electrified, shut-off, control valves

measurement channels

ASR

instrumentation

alarm board

TK,
AVR
blocked

APCS programs

Appendix 6
General technological schedule for commissioning work

Graphics must be included with the image. explanatory note, which briefly describes the planned results and features of each period of commissioning work, and provides the rationale for certain decisions made regarding the timing of their implementation.

The graph should reflect the beginning and end of commissioning work for each functional unit.

CODES OF FUNCTIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL UNITS

BOILER INSTALLATION

KTT - Main fuel

KTZ - Kindling fuel

KTG - Gaseous fuel

KPI - Boiler power supply

Gearbox - Superheater

KPT - Primary (fresh) steam temperature

KGT - Gas path

KGD - Air tract

KGB - Air recirculation

KGT - Gas recirculation

KCHR - Steam blowing of the furnace

KChP - “Cannon” blowing of the furnace

KCHV - Water cleaning firebox screens

KCHG - Gas-pulse cleaning of a convective shaft

KCHD - Shot cleaning of convective shaft

KZE - Electrical purification of flue gases

KZS - Dry flue gas cleaning

KZP - Pneumatic transport of boiler ash

KZG - Boiler hydroash removal

KZL - Air supply for boiler ash removal

KZSH - Boiler slag removal

TURBO PLANT AND TECHNOLOGY ROOM

TMS - Turbine lubrication oil system

TMR - Turbine control oil system

TTT - Turbine

TTV - Barking

TTF - Heating of flanges and studs

TTD - Turbine drains

TTK - KOS Department

TVU - Turbine seals

TVE - Ejectors. Circussystem

VRK - HDPE condensate path

VRD - Deaerator

VRV - PVD

VEV - Electric feed pumps

VTK - Ejectors, seals

VTM - Oil supply

SVC - Technical water supply

SVD - Block drains

SVP - Communication of OK SN with BC SN

STV - WWTO System

STB - Boiler block

EGM - Oil supply to generator seal

EGS - Generator stator cooling

EGR - Generator rotor cooling

WATER TREATMENT INSTALLATIONS

KhPG - Clarifiers

KhPM - Mechanical filters

KhPI - Lime unit

KhPF - Flocculant unit

HPP - Polyacrylamide unit

HVB - Filter block

HVO - Mixed action filters

KHRK - Regeneration of ion exchange filters with acid

KHRShch - Regeneration of ion exchange filters with alkali

KHRB - BOU regeneration water recycling unit

HAE - Electromagnetic flocculator AOU

KHAM - Mechanical filters AOU

HAS - Mixed action filters

REAGENT STORAGE

RHK - Acids

RHP1 - Alkalis

RHA - Ammonia

RHG - Hydrazine hydrate

RHI - Lime

РХХ - Bleached lime

RCP - Polyacrylamide

RHF - Flocculant

CHEH - VPU neutralizers

TREATMENT FACILITIES

CHES - Acid washing neutralizers

SETTINGS FOR CONTROLLING THE WATER MODE OF THE BLOCK

HVH - Hydrazine hydrate unit

HVA - Ammonia unit

HKE - Electromagnetic filters BOU

HKV - Loosening EMF BOU

HKS - FSD BOU

HKR - Regenerators FSD BOU

FUEL AND TRANSPORTATION ECONOMY

TTK 1 - Feed conveyors

TTK2 - Main conveyors and fuel preparation

TTK3 - Bunker gallery conveyors

TTK4 - Fuel storage conveyors

TTV - Fuel warehouse

TTN - Fuel receiving unit

ТТЧ - Hydrocleaning of premises ТТХ

TTA - TTX aspiration and forced ventilation

TTC - Fire extinguishing TTX

TTP - Foam removal TTX

TsShUT - Central fuel supply control panel

LEGEND

-the beginning and end of the stage;

Start of commissioning work at the functional and technological unit;

Completion of commissioning work at the functional and technological unit;

▲ - a characteristic event during commissioning work

Commissioning schedule

Appendix 7
List of equipment, devices and systems of thermal power plants on which commissioning and commissioning operations are carried out

A. Technological part

1. Boilers

2. Turbines

3. Centrifugal, axial, screw, plunger, vacuum pumps

4. Turbo drives

5. Steam engines

6. Jet devices (ejectors, injectors, thermodynamic pumps)

7. Smoke exhausters

8. Fans

9. Regenerative rotating heaters

10. Mills

11. Cyclones

12. Scrubbers

13. Separators

14. Electrostatic precipitators

15. Receiving and unloading device

16. Device for automated supply of solid fuel

17. Fuel bunkers

18. Dust preparation systems

19. Raw coal and dust feeders

20. Ignition protective devices

21. Air purification filters

22. Vacuum installations

23. Suction installation

24. Foam dust suppression units

25. Hydro-steam dust removal installation

26. Shot cleaning plants

27. Vacuum installations

28. Receiving and draining fuel systems

29. Liquid fuel tanks (diesel, gas turbine, fuel oil)

30. Installations for supplying liquid fuel

31. Installations for supplying gaseous fuel (gas distribution stations and gas distribution points)

32. Ash collection plants

33. Sulfur removal installations

34. Liquid and dry slag removal plants

35. Foam fire extinguishing systems

36. Water fire extinguishing systems

37. Steam ejector machines

38. Mechanical screens and filters with drive

39. Deaerators

40. Vessels

41. Containers, measuring tanks for storing water, reagents, oils

42. Capacitors

43. Heat exchangers

44. Oil purification and fuel purification machines (separators, centrifuges)

45. Filter presses

46. Water seals with regulators

47. Oil lubrication stations

48. Hydropower stations

49. Shut-off, control, safety valves

50. Hydraulic, pneumatic and steam regulators

51. Reduction-cooling and reducing units

52. Hot water and steam pipelines

53. Gas pipelines, air pipelines, gas ducts

54. Regulation and protection systems

55. Lubrication systems

56. Water and oil cooling systems for electrical machines

57. Gas cooling systems for electrical machines

58. Cooling systems for electrical machines with superconducting windings

59. Air conditioning systems

60. Heating systems

61. Compressor units

62. Internal combustion engines

63. Cooling towers, pressure and drain channels or conduits

64. Splash Pools

65. Electrolyzer installations

66. Industrial and storm water drainage systems

67. Systems for cleaning oil-contaminated and oily wastewater

68. FIAKM installations

69. Vacuum filters

70. Sewage treatment plants

71. Evaporators

72. Brighteners

73. Ion exchange filters

74. Mechanical filters

75. Regenerator filters

76. Sorption filters

77. Mixed filter

78. Electromagnetic filter

79. Stirrers

80. Traps

81. Hydrocyclones

82. Electrodialysis water treatment plant

83. Installation for coagulation of water in the clarifier

84. Installation for liming water in the clarifier

85. Installation for softening and stabilizing water

86. Installations for chemical desalination of water

87. Installations for chemical desalination of general station condensates

88. Installations for thermal desalination of water

89. Installations for cleaning turbine condensate

90. Device for unloading, storing and preparing working reagent

91. Installations for chemical treatment of cooling water

92. Installations for maintaining the water-chemical regime of boilers

93. Technical water supply system

94. Circulating water supply system

95. Installations for processing turbine, transformer and circulating oils

96. Support and suspension system of process pipelines

B. Electrical part

1. Synchronous generators and exciters

2. Power and instrument transformers

3. Switching equipment

4. Relay protection devices

5. Automation devices in power supply

6. Devices of voltage and operating current systems

7. Electrical machines with electric drives

8. Static converters

9. Automatic control and regulation systems for electric drives

10. Alarm devices

11. Measurements in electrical installations

12. High voltage tests

13. Electrical interconnected devices and processes

14. Electric elevators

IN. Automated systems management

1. Devices for obtaining information about the state of the technological process

2. Means for converting information for transmission over a communication channel

3. Means for converting, processing, storing information and generating control commands

4. Devices for using information by a team to influence the process

5. Instruments and devices of local action

6. Electronic computing technology

7. Equipment for automated control, monitoring and teleprocessing of data

8. Counting equipment and office equipment

9. Computer software

9.1. Setting up individual programs

9.2. Setting up software systems

9.3. Software improvements

10. Autonomous adjustment of systems

11. Complex adjustment of systems

12. Telemechanics means (devices and equipment of telemechanics)

Appendix 8
Act of the working commission on acceptance of equipment after individual tests

__________"___"____________199 __g.

Working commission appointed ___________________________________________________

(name of the customer organization /developer/ that appointed the working commission)

decision dated “___”_____________199 __ No. ________________, consisting of:

Chairman-representative of the customer (developer)_________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

subcontractors (installation) organizations__________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

operating organization__________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

general designer______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

state fire supervision authorities_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

Technical Labor Inspectorate of the Central Committee or Trade Union Council_____________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

trade union organization of the customer or operating organization________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

other interested supervisory authorities and organizations ___________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

INSTALLED:

1. General contractor_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of the organization and its departmental subordination)

The following equipment was presented for acceptance:__________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(list of equipment and its brief technical characteristics)

_______________________________________________________________________________

(if necessary, the list is given in the appendix)

mounted in ________________________________________________________________

included in ________________________________________________________________

2. Installation work completed________________________________________________________________

(name of installation organizations and their departmental subordination)

3. Project documentation developed_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of design organizations and their departmental subordination)

4. Start date of installation work_________________________________________________________

(month year)

5. Completion date of installation work________________________________________________

(month year)

The working commission carried out the following additional tests of the equipment (except for the tests recorded in the as-built documentation submitted by the general contractor): _________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of tests)

DECISION OF THE WORKING COMMISSION

The installation work of the presented equipment was carried out in accordance with the project, standards, building codes and regulations, technical specifications and meets the acceptance requirements for work with functional units.

The equipment presented for acceptance, specified in clause 1 of this act, shall be considered accepted from “____”______________199 __. for working with functional units.

___________ ____________________

(signature) (surname, initials)

“_____”_________199 ____g.

ACT
ACCEPTANCE OF THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT FROM INSTALLATION AND INDIVIDUAL TESTS TO THE START-UP UNIT

g.__________“____”_____________ 199 __g.

Comprehensive working subcommittee consisting of

Chairman________________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

members of the subcommittee_________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

INSTALLED:

Functional and technological unit__________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

consisting of:

PC. mechanisms,

PC. electrified fittings,

PC. manually operated fittings,

PC. measurement channels,

PC. ASR,

PC. instrumentation devices,

PC. signaling channels,

PC. technological protections,

PC. interlocks and automatic transfer switches,

PC. FGU systems

checked for completion of construction and installation work, availability of certificates
for individual testing and joint functioning of all its components.

In this case, the following tests were carried out: _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

(name of tests)

DECISION OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE:

Functional and technological unit___________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

(name and code of functional-technological unit)

passed acceptance as jointly operating mechanisms, equipment, as well as software and (cross out what is not necessary)

Transferred to commissioning of the functional unit;

Submitted to check the construction and installation readiness of the installation (unit).

Chairman of the working commission

__________________________

signature

Members of the working commission

__________________________

signatures

Chairman of the subcommittee

______________________

(signature)

_________________________

(last name, initials)

Members of the subcommittee:

№№
pp

Mechanism code or number

Mechanism name

Date of inspection

Result of checking

Inspector's signature

Last name, initials of the inspector

II.

Protection

All protection settings are set and the operation of the protection on cold equipment is checked. Note.

Columns 1, 2, 3 must be filled out before cold adjustment of units begins.

III.

Signaling All alarm settings have been set and the alarm operation on cold equipment has been verified.

. Measurement channels

The correct transmission and display of all analog and discrete signals has been verified.

V Regulatory and shut-off bodies

. Automatic control and regulation systems (blocking, ASR, FGU)

The direction of influence of the systems has been checked, their design parameters have been set, the algorithms for operating on cold equipment have been tested and correspond to the design.

Module code

Module name

Date of inspection

Result of checking

Signature

______________________________________________________________________________

(name of installation)

to complex setup.

________“_____”_______199 __g.

Comprehensive working subcommittee consisting of:

Chairman ___________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

members of the subcommittee______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

(last names, first names, patronymics, positions)

conducted tests of the functional and technological unit in accordance with the technical programs approved by__________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

(dates of approval and name of technical programs)

INSTALLED:

During the testing process, all components of the functional and technological unit functioned in accordance with the design. In this case, the parameters were within the limits specified in the factory instructions and in the project.

DECISION of the subcommittee:

Functional and technological unit_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name and code of functional-technological unit)

allowed to check the construction and installation readiness of the installation
and transferred to complex commissioning.

Chairman of the subcommittee

Working commission appointed ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of the organization that appointed the working commission)

decision dated "_____"______199_g. No.______________ consisting of:

chairman - representative of the customer_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

commission members - representatives:

general contractor__________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

general designer _____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

state sanitary inspection authorities_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

Technical Labor Inspectorate of the Trade Union Council__________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

trade union organization of the customer ______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

other interested supervisory authorities and organizations______________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(last name, first name, patronymic, position)

INSTALLED:

1. Equipment ________________________________________________________________

(name of unit installation)

mounted in ______________________________________________________________

(name of building, structure, workshop)

included in ________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of the enterprise, its queue, launch complex)

passed the construction and installation readiness check, including the necessary commissioning work from "___"__________199 ___g. by "___"______199 ___g. in accordance with the technical program approved by "____"__________199 ___.

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of the organization that approved the program)

2. The construction and installation readiness check was carried out by __________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

(name of the customer organization, commissioning organization)

3. In the process of checking construction and installation readiness, additional work was performed as specified in Appendix __________ to the act.

DECISION of the working commission:

Equipment that has passed the construction and installation readiness test is considered ready to work according to the commissioning schedule and carry out comprehensive commissioning.

Content:

An integral part of the production and technological process are highly focused special activities known as commissioning. In the process of carrying out these activities, the equipment is checked for failure-free operation and safety, the possibility of putting it into operation and bringing it to its design parameters. First of all, the documentation of the project to be verified is reviewed. Equipment is checked and tested in case of possible failures and emergency situations. In addition, this also includes a lot of additional work performed in the process of preparing and conducting individual tests of the entire equipment complex.

The procedure for commissioning work

Commissioning work is carried out after the equipment is installed. The main objective of these activities is to comprehensively test the installations being tested. During the inspection, the degree of their safety and reliability and compliance with the declared design characteristics are determined. Based on the results of the work, all identified deficiencies that impede the normal operation of the equipment are eliminated.

Installation and commissioning work is carried out by specialized organizations with which the enterprise enters into a business agreement. If the enterprise has trained engineering and technical personnel and the necessary instrumentation, then these works can be performed on our own. These workers belong to the category of operational personnel. They must complete a training course. After passing the exam, a protocol is drawn up and a certificate is issued for the right to perform commissioning work. For workers, repeated knowledge testing is carried out annually, and for engineering and technical workers - once every 3 years.

Commissioning work ends with the preparation of a technical report, reflecting all the stages completed, with conclusions and recommendations for further improvement of the operation of equipment and installations. Thus, this report is the main document characterizing the volume and effectiveness of the work performed. Practical experience shows that the cost of commissioning and commissioning activities pays off already in the first months of operation. For example, the results of calculations and comparative tests show that due to proper start-up and adjustment, fuel savings can be 3-5%.

To carry out commissioning work, a team of specialists is involved, who must be supervised by a qualified engineer. The number of workers is determined in accordance with the volume of work to be done, usually no more than 5 people. The main activities are carried out by engineering and technical workers, and enterprise personnel are used for auxiliary work.

For each type of equipment, a commissioning program is drawn up, agreed with the management of the enterprise. During its development, the main attention is paid to practical experiments, during which individual components are tested, design flaws are identified, and the quality of installation is determined. Great importance is attached to experiments to verify the reliability of operation of all types of equipment and its ability to maintain specified parameters. The maximum value of the unit’s performance and the stability of its operation at low loads are determined.

Such checks are carried out in sufficient quantities to draw up an approximate regime map, which takes into account the entire range of operational loads. To determine some parameters, instrumentation of the equipment itself is used.

At the end, the most important activity is carried out to comprehensively test the equipment and put it into operation. This operation is carried out only with the permission of the adjuster group leader. No one should interfere with his orders, except in cases where a threat arises safe work equipment and maintenance personnel.

Electrical commissioning work

Commissioning work is carried out at the final stage of electrical installation work. During this period, electrical equipment is tested and checked for compliance with the design, current PUE, technical specifications and documentation of the manufacturer. All units must comply with the declared technological indicators. After all settings, testing and testing have been carried out, conclusions are issued on the performance of the entire installation and each of its components.

Our organization in a short time and with high quality will fulfill wide range such work, including commissioning of the electrical equipment system. The company’s specialists will carry out activities in several stages:

Receipt from the customer and careful study technical characteristics installations, technical documentation and electrical part of the project, its relationship with technological processes.
Preparation of a work program and project for commissioning work, including measures related to safety precautions, coordinating them with the customer.
Analyzing finished documentation, identifying shortcomings and other comments.
Preparation of instructions, technological maps and guidelines on adjustment issues. Particular importance is attached to protocols and other forms of reporting documentation, preparation necessary tools, instruments and accessories.

After the preparatory period, execution commissioning activities carried out jointly with . A timing circuit is used to supply voltage to the equipment. When combining work Special attention calls for compliance with safety regulations. By this time, in the rooms with electrical equipment, all work has been completed. construction work, heating, lighting and ventilation. The electrical equipment itself is already installed and grounded. Wells, openings and cable channels were closed.

At this stage, the installed electrical equipment is tested by applying voltage through test circuits to individual devices. When performing this operation, electrical installation personnel should not be in the adjustment area. If defects in electrical equipment are identified, they are eliminated by the customer, and installation errors and shortcomings are eliminated by the electrical installation organization. Based on the results of the second stage, the company’s employees draw up the following documents:

Protocol of tests and measurements of insulation.
Protocol.
Protocol for setting up protection and relay contactor equipment.
Executive diagrams of objects subject to power supply, connected to voltage.

At the next stage, individual tests of electrical equipment are carried out, in which voltage is supplied according to the normal operating circuit. First of all, for electrical installations, input is carried out operating mode and registration of personnel permits in accordance with safety regulations. After this, the adjusters adjust the equipment parameters, test the protection, control and alarm circuits. Before you try technological equipment, it is necessary to configure and check the operation of electrical equipment at idle.

After the company’s specialists conduct individual tests, the electrical equipment will be considered accepted for operation. Based on the test results, all necessary documents will be drawn up and handed over to the customer:

Protocols for testing grounding and grounding.
Test reports for electrical equipment at elevated voltage.
Basic executive diagrams, as in the previous stage.

The remaining documentation is provided to the customer within two months after the equipment is put into operation. For objects of increased technical complexity, this period increases to four months. At the end of this stage, a technical readiness report is drawn up for comprehensive testing of electrical equipment.

Comprehensive testing is carried out according to special programs agreed with the customer. During this event, the interaction of electrical equipment systems and electrical diagrams in various operating modes. Parameters in individual devices and functional groups are regulated and configured, their mutual connections are ensured, and specified operating modes are created. Electrical installations are tested according to a complete scheme, which makes it possible to prepare and conduct comprehensive testing of process equipment.

Commissioning of equipment

In order to put the installed technological equipment into operation, it is necessary to carry out commissioning work. The volume of these activities can be up to 20% of the entire project. These works are carried out at the final stage, before putting the equipment into operation.

In our organization, we efficiently and quickly carry out commissioning work on all major types of equipment. The company’s specialists will competently carry out the following activities:

They will check the compliance of the design documentation with the actual execution.
They will prepare and test production lines.
Perform inspection, testing and calibration of various instruments and automation.
They will test individual components and assemblies, auxiliary systems, and run-in dynamic equipment.
Organize activities for comprehensive testing of the facility and its commissioning.
They will train personnel for subsequent operation of the equipment.

As a rule, the organization of commissioning work at any facility is carried out at the last stage of construction and installation work. Already during this period, engineers discover possible inconsistencies between the design documentation and the installed equipment. Because of this, malfunctions may occur in the future, so it is very important to eliminate all shortcomings in a timely manner. This stage is of great importance and guarantees reliable operation of the facility in the future.

Our commissioning organization offers a full range of services, from setting up individual technological elements to complex facilities in various industries.

In the field of electrical installation work, commissioning work - abbreviated as PNR- include a set of works carried out after installation of electrical equipment and before putting it into operation. Commissioning works are mandatory wherever new electrical equipment is installed, as well as where outdated electrical installations are being repaired or replaced. Without carrying out commissioning works, the result of which is the relevant documentation, it is impossible to put the facility into operation. During commissioning, specialists configure and test installed equipment, identify shortcomings, violations and possible inconsistencies with the project plan. After eliminating the shortcomings, the tests are repeated until specialists ascertain full compliance of the electrical equipment with the design, standards and regulations; and also will not be convinced of its uninterrupted, correct operation and safety. Commissioning activities are carried out by certified specialists and are confirmed by an official act. All factory tests are confirmed by special protocols. This document serves as the basis for commissioning the equipment.

They are carried out according to the approved regulations and program, which indicate the modes under which electrical equipment must operate. The regulation involves 4 stages:

preparation of the commissioning work
adjustment work individual parts equipment
testing the entire system as a whole in different modes
documentation, including drawing up a technical equipment passport.

As part of the commissioning work, the following is carried out:

Main stages of installation

Installation of special devices and auxiliary equipment includes a number of activities:

preparing the area for laying and placing the structure and components;
laying cables, trays and communication channels;
mechanically securing equipment in place;
connection of cables, waveguides and pipes.

The key task of commissioning is to identify deficiencies in the functioning of electrical installations. With the help of planned actions, inconsistencies in power supply circuits relative to the project are determined. Specialists have no problem finding installation irregularities and shortcomings in the operation of various equipment.

Turnkey work has become popular lately. Certified organizations perform assigned tasks of various ranges:

monitoring of electrical devices;
diagnostics ventilation systems and air-conditioned complexes;
ensuring the operation of water and heat supply structures;
providing enterprises in the electrical segment with special equipment.

The preparatory stage includes the development of the program. This is followed by the adjustment of control panels in parallel with automation. During the construction period, temporary communication and light channels are laid. Individual tests include testing of transformers, protective devices and production organization blocks.

Highly skilled labor is always in high demand. First of all, this is due to the level of responsibility that is assigned to the performer. The reliability of the entire system depends on the accuracy and correctness of the connection. The main advantages of attracting specialized experts for commissioning are:

all work is carried out in accordance with current standards, rules;
equipment comes from proven and reliable manufacturers;
the presence of a contract that focuses on the implementation of assigned tasks;
the ability to implement the project in different climatic zones of the country;
extension of the guarantee for a long period;
The system is launched in strict accordance with the regulations, which are discussed in detail with the customer.

It is important to understand that commissioning work on any equipment must be carried out by specialists with the highest technical education, who must have licenses, certificates, permits and other permits to work with the equipment being serviced, which generally ensures safety, completeness, and compliance with the necessary regulations of the commissioning work carried out.

Performers participating in the commissioning work are required to:

have in-depth knowledge of the principles of equipment operation;
own specialized software;
own specialized technological devices, devices and tools;
have skills in working with complex measuring instruments;
have experience in setting up, repairing and operating equipment;
ability and experience in document preparation.

Deterministic risks for PND

Deterministic, or certain risks when Poland may arise in the event of certain shortcomings in the work of both construction and design organizations.

Firstly, this is the unavailability of some components:

construction and installation works;
project documentation;
commissioning documentation.

Secondly, these are the errors:

in the supply of electrical equipment;
project and calculations;
in storage conditions of electrical equipment.

This group of risks is detected before the start of testing, or at the initial stage.

Possible risks of PND

Such risks may not occur, however, when carrying out commissioning work during electrical installation work in Chelyabinsk, they must be taken into account:

The first group of probable risks is associated with some disadvantages:

installation and construction that were not identified upon delivery of the facility;
structures that are revealed during testing;
adjustment of electrical equipment, machines and devices;
project, which are also identified during testing;
design technology (documentation on the operation of electrical equipment);
the test programs themselves.

In addition, there are a number of errors and inaccuracies that may also occur with a certain degree of probability:

manufacture of electrical equipment, sometimes hidden, which are revealed during testing;
design criteria, which also appear during testing;
in organizing work on installation of electrical equipment;
personnel when performing various works.

Most often, probable risks during commissioning operations arise precisely in the process of conducting individual tests of electrical equipment, machines, and components.

In their commissioning activities, organizations must take these risks into account at all stages of commissioning work at construction sites.

What is PNR and why are they carried out?

How is the commissioning program compiled and what does it include?

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

2. STAGES AND ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSIONING WORK

3.1. Responsibilities of the customer

3.2. Responsibilities of the head commissioning organization

3.3. Responsibilities of other commissioning organizations

3.4. Responsibilities of research organizations and commissioning personnel of manufacturing plants

Annex 1

Appendix 2

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

Appendix 5

Appendix 7

A. Technological part

B. Electrical part

B. Automated control systems

Appendix 8

Appendix 9

Appendix 10

Appendix 11

Appendix 12

1. General Provisions

2. Stages and organization of commissioning work

3. Distribution of main responsibilities between organizations involved in commissioning work

3.1. Responsibilities of the customer

3.2. Responsibilities of the head commissioning organization

3.3. Responsibilities of other commissioning organizations

3.4. Responsibilities of research organizations and commissioning manufacturing plant personnel

Annex 1 Terms used

Appendix 3 Coordination plan for commissioning work

Appendix 4 Characteristics of technical support work

Appendix 5 List and composition of equipment of functional and technological units

Appendix 6 General technological schedule for commissioning work

Appendix 7 List of equipment, devices and systems of thermal power plants on which commissioning and commissioning operations are carried out

Appendix 8 Act of the working commission on acceptance of equipment after individual tests

Working commission appointed ___________________________________________________

ACT ACCEPTANCE OF THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT FROM INSTALLATION AND INDIVIDUAL TESTS TO THE START-UP UNIT

Chairman of the subcommittee

The procedure for commissioning work

Electrical commissioning work

Commissioning of equipment

Main stages of installation

Deterministic risks for PND

Possible risks of PND

Related materials:

3. Distribution of main responsibilities between
organizations involved in commissioning work

3.4. Responsibilities of research organizations and commissioning
manufacturing plant personnel

Annex 1
Terms used

Appendix 3
Coordination plan for commissioning work

Appendix 4
Characteristics of technical support work

Appendix 5
List and composition of equipment of functional and technological units

Appendix 6
General technological schedule for commissioning work

Appendix 7
List of equipment, devices and systems of thermal power plants on which commissioning and commissioning operations are carried out

Appendix 8
Act of the working commission on acceptance of equipment after individual tests

ACT
ACCEPTANCE OF THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT FROM INSTALLATION AND INDIVIDUAL TESTS TO THE START-UP UNIT