Is it possible to plant tulips or do they grow only in Dutch nurseries or wild in the steppes? People answered this question a long time ago; they successfully plant, breed and develop new varieties and cultivate the colors of this amazing flower. In spring, flower beds across the country are covered with colorful flowers.

In addition, they are successfully grown especially for the New Year, February and March holidays. But now we will be interested in the topic: tulips - planting and care open ground.

Planting bulbs and caring for tulips in the open ground is a simple science, but it requires at least initial knowledge. If you follow the rules of agricultural technology, you will be able to admire the tulip colors in the first season. There are incredibly many varieties of tulips and one is more beautiful than the other. The color range is rich: from delicate, pastel tones to extraordinary richness and brightness.

When is the best time to plant tulips?

In the climatic zone of the two Russian capitals, tulips need to be planted at the end of September or at the beginning of October. Then the plant will take root before frost.

For your information

To give an indication of the timing: they are planted at about the same time. winter garlic.

In tulips planted later, the root system develops slowly due to lower temperatures in the air and in the soil. Environment becomes uncomfortable for the development of the plant. It gets sick a lot and later begins to bloom. Prematurely planted bulbs quickly take root, begin to grow and suffer from the oncoming frosts.

Information

Experienced flower growers advise planting bulbs no earlier than 3 weeks before the onset of cold weather. When the temperature at a soil depth of 10 cm drops by at least 10 degrees Celsius.

Planting and care is mainly carried out in the fall. In the spring, tulips, as a rule, are not planted if they want to see the flowers blooming in the next season. Everything has its time. For planting tulips planted in open ground, this is autumn.

Soil and location for planting bulbs

To plant tulips, the gardener will have to choose a place illuminated by the sun, not exposed to drafts, with a slight slope to drain moisture. With excess moisture, the bulbs rot, and in frosts they can freeze. But tulips can grow in the shade, but worse.

Note

Because tulips bloom when the foliage is fruit trees The sun has not yet blocked the sun for them; areas under the branches are also suitable. However, not in the most shaded areas summer time places. After all, even after flowering, the plant will need light and air. Tulips should have everything they need to please you with even larger and juicier buds next year.

If the soil is clayey, then it is necessary to prepare drainage. The structure of sand-dominated soil must be improved by adding clay, fertilizing it with manure, peat, or adding compost. Otherwise, moisture will quickly seep down, taking nutrients with it.

Tulips should be planted on neutral or slightly alkaline soil. On acidic soil, few buds open. There will be a lot of non-flowering plants, which is a shame.

To improve the soil structure, chalk should be added, dolomite flour, lime. Peat and ash cannot be added in this case. The procedure must be carried out one and a half months before planting the bulbs.

Planting rules

1. Before planting, the soil should be dug up, sprinkling the soil with a dense layer of ash.
2. For planting in the fall, you need to choose healthy, even bulbs, without rot. They should be placed in a 0.5% potassium manganese solution for etching for about 45 minutes. To the eye it is a light pink solution.
3. Next, the bulbs, carefully so as not to crush the existing root rudiments, should be immediately planted in the flowerbed.
4. It is advisable to remove the shell from the bulbs to see that you are planting them as expected: with the roots down and nothing prevents them from developing. And the arrow will not make its way, but will rush upward towards the spring sun.
5. Large bulbs should be planted at a distance of about 10 cm. The rows are separated from each other by approximately 25 cm. Small bulbs should be planted more often. Tulip babies are planted more densely.
6. The bulbs are placed with their bottoms in the soil, buried to a depth equal to the height of 3 bulbs if the soil is sandy. On clay soil, plant 2 bulbs to a depth.
7. Now many people use mesh baskets or plastic containers with a mesh bottom for vegetables. They protect the bulbs from rodents and help prevent them from being left in the ground when digging.

Care after landing

Caring for flowers consists of weeding, fertilizing and watering. But this is required for any plants, not just tulips in open ground, which we are talking about now.

Used for feeding mineral fertilizers by dissolving them in water. When using “dry” fertilizer, you need to make sure that the mixture does not spill onto the wide leaves of the tulip, otherwise there may be a burn. After feeding, you need to immediately water the plant generously. Behind summer season 3 feedings are required, but small tulips can be fed 2 times.

1. The first feeding is carried out when the snow melts. Then use a dry mixture consisting of equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus with the addition of potassium. For 1 sq. m is enough about 50 grams of the mixture.
2. The second feeding is carried out during the formation of buds. The mixture consists of equal proportions of phosphorus and potassium with the addition of nitrogen.
3. The third time, fertilizing is carried out when the tulips bloom. The mixture consists of equal amounts of phosphorus and potassium. It is enough to add about 40 grams per 1 square meter. m. On well-maintained soil, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced.
   It is advisable to add boron and zinc.

Watering is carried out depending on the composition of the soil and the frequency of rain. On average per 1 sq. m is enough 20 liters of water. The soil needs to remain moist.

Diseases and pests

Is it possible to plant tulips without worrying about the health of the plant or protection from pests and diseases? The answer is negative.

Signs of diseases:

• the plant's leaves curl and development slows down;
• spots form on the petals;
• wide leaves are unevenly colored.

If tulips are not well cared for, the flowers can be affected by the following diseases:

• Gray rot. The cause of the disease is low temperature, clay soil and excess moisture. Grayish spots form on the foliage, which increase in size and become overgrown with a gray coating. The stems and foliage are damaged, and grayish spots form on the bulb. To prevent disease, the bulbs should be treated in a mixture consisting of 1 portion of ether sulfonate, sulfur and 2 portions of TMTD. Blooming tulips are sprayed 3 times with a 1% solution Bordeaux mixture.
• Root rot. The root of the plant rots. It becomes transparent and acquires a brown tint. The disease is provoked by soil moisture. The soil will have to be watered with a fungicide solution. Tulips can be affected by fusarium, white rot, and calcareous disease.

Among the pests that attack tulips, we must list root mites, onion hoverflies, aphids, and cutworms. Tulip pests also include beetles, wireworms, mole crickets, slugs, snails and rodents.

To prevent all these troubles, it serves correct agricultural technology, disinfection of containers and working tools.

What to do after flowering

After the tulips bloom, the flower shoot is cut off so that it does not take food from the bulb.

Is it possible to plant tulips in other colors that will replace them after flowering?

It is better not to do this so that the roots of other plants do not oppress root system tulips. But if you have bulbous ones, like irises or gladioli, then nothing prevents them from growing in the same flower bed. It will be more difficult to dig up the bulbs, yes. But in principle this is quite possible.

It is recommended to dig up the bulbs when the underground part turns yellow. This is around the last ten days of June or the first days of July. Then the bulbs get sick less and grow larger. Small bulbs are dug up after a year.

The bulbs are cleaned of dirt, sorted and dried in a ventilated area at a temperature of about 24 degrees. In the last month of summer, the temperature is lowered to 20 degrees, and by September it is lowered to 15 degrees. Then all parts of the plant will form correctly.

To protect the bulbs from frost, a 8 cm layer of compost, leaves, peat or straw should be added to the planting site. In the spring, when the snow melts, the mulch is raked. Mulch protects the soil from drying out.

1. To obtain a larger bulb, you need to cut off the flower head. Then the bulb will grow 3 times larger.
2. If the gardener has bulbs in the spring, then there is no need to plant them. They will not take root, but will rot over the summer. It is better to save them until autumn and then plant them.
3. If the tulips are crushed and grow poorly, then the reason must be sought in the scarcity of the soil. It should be fertilized, per 1 sq. m add a bucket of organic matter.
4. In place of the dug up tulips, you can place annual flowers. By the time the tulip bulbs are planted, they will have finished their growing season.

It’s nice to see when the heads of tulips in the flower beds open together, immediately after the snow melts. They are one of the first flowers to give us sunny spring mood and they convince that the soul is washed with beauty.

I think we have answered the question of whether it is possible to plant tulips. It is possible, it is necessary, and you need to plant a lot of them. Expand and increase the area for them. In our climate, tulips are no worse than in natural conditions or in Holland, where they made a business out of them.

A variety of species and rainbow colors are given to us by one of the very first spring flowers. Let's multiply this joy and share it with others. Grow, give and decorate your homes with them, it’s easy and pleasant.

Tulips are spring flowers that are one of the first to please the eye, blooming in flower beds near dachas, gardens or in the courtyards of multi-storey buildings.

These are quite unpretentious plants, but the largest and brightest buds bloom only if they are properly and carefully cared for.

Whatever types and varieties of tulips you choose, follow simple rules and advice regarding their cultivation, and every year the flowers will be even more beautiful.

Let's look at the most common types of tulips:

• terry– unusual, bright flowers, different kinds which can be either early or late;
• peony-shaped- a type of tulip with wide petals overlapping each other;
• Dutch– the most famous and popular species in the world, Holland is considered a “specialist” in the matter of growing tulips;
• short– flowers with short peduncles (parts of the plant that hold the buds, 15-30 cm);
• Liliaceae- flowers with long, thin petals that bend outward.

Varieties

There are a great many varieties of tulips. Here are some of them:

• Ice Cream (Ice cream)– a plant with an original appearance: large double flower white, surrounded by pink petals;
• Triumph– flowers with large buds and strong stems (any shades except blue);
• Arcadia– large flowers with yellow petals;
• Green Bizarre– plants with green buds;
• Frozen Night– amazing tulips with dark purple fringed flowers;
• Cartouche– flowers with delicate petals in the form of white and pink feathers;
• Rams Favorite– buds the color of purple “flame” on a white background.

Where can I buy seeds and bulbs?

The best place to purchase tulips – proven and reliable nursery located near your place of residence ( a large number of nurseries are concentrated in the Moscow region).

You can also use online stores, which provide delivery planting material on house.

It is cheaper to purchase seeds and bulbs in bulk - suppliers reduce the cost of goods to wholesale buyers.

Prices for plants depend on the rarity of species and varieties, the approximate cost is from 19 to 70 rubles for 1 onion.

Varieties for cultivation in the Moscow region and Siberia

Despite difficult climatic conditions Siberia, here you can grow any variety of tulips, providing them with proper care.

This applies to areas with no permafrost.

Otherwise as landing places flowers, you can use the area passing over the heating main, septic tank, well lit by the sun and sheltered from the wind.

For climatic conditions Moscow region varieties are ideal Parade, Ivory Floradale, Apeldoorn.

As a rule, flowering of bulbous crops in this zone begins in the last days of May - early June.

Planting tulips

Selecting a location

The place where you plan to plant flowers should be well be illuminated, be protected from exposure cold wind.

A level area is required to allow water to penetrate deep- below the fertile layer of soil.

The root system of the plant penetrates to depth 65-70 cm, therefore it is important that the groundwater does not rise too high - this will cause the death of the bulbs.

The crop that grew in this area previously is also important. Preference is given to legumes.

Fertile, loose and saturated soil with fertilizers is the key beautiful flowers with large bright buds.

When to plant bulbs

The most suitable ground temperature for planting tulips in open ground is observed from mid-September to mid-October – 6-10°C (at a depth of about 15 cm).

But it’s better periodically measure soil temperature, because climatic features may change.

Root formation is significantly impaired at high and low temperatures. Beginning of autumn– the ideal time to plant tulips.

The landing time also depends on varieties: Early-flowering varieties are planted a couple of weeks earlier than late-flowering varieties.

Note! The development of the root system of the bulb takes place within 2-3 weeks; it is necessary that this process be completed before the onset of frost. The deadline is mid-October.

Soil preparation

The following factors influence the cultivation of tulips: physical features soil:

• fertility;
• humidity;
• soil air capacity(the maximum amount of air that can be contained in the soil);
• looseness.

The best conditions for growing tulips are soil with the following properties:

• contains a large amount humus;
• has neutral reaction of the environment(read how to check soil acidity level);
• is cultivated(processed to increase fertility).

If you choose sandy soil, you should remember that it dries out quickly and is not sufficiently supplied with nutrients. All soil imperfections can be smoothed out by regularly watering, feeding and fertilizing it.

Clay-type soil requires periodic loosening and the addition of organic matter: river sand, peat, manure etc., with the help of which you can improve its water and breathability.

Planting depth

Before boarding you must select the bulbs: healthy, medium or large in size (these are the materials that will turn into beautiful flowers with large buds).

Treat each onion with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or foundationazole ( 0,2% ), for the prevention of viral and fungal diseases.

Fundazol– a drug that is used to treat plants and seeds for various diseases, as well as for preventive purposes.

Planting depth determined by the size of the bulb. To do this, take an onion, measure its height and multiply the resulting number by 3- this will be the planting depth.

To find out the distance that should be between the bulbs, measure the diameter of one of them and multiply on 2. Do the same with each onion if they are different sizes.

For detailed information on planting tulip bulbs, choosing a site and preparing the soil, please visit watch in this video:

Caring for tulips

Watering

Tulips are plants that love water, but you should not flood the flowers or wait until the soil is completely dry.

Use warm ( about 20°C), water that has stood for a couple of days so that it has a minimum chlorine content (if it is tap water).

Droplets should not get on flowers or leaves, this can lead to stains on the petals and wilting of the buds.

Helpful advice! Dig grooves between the rows of tulips and pour water there, not directly under the bushes. After the water has been absorbed, fill the grooves with soil - this will prevent moisture evaporation.

Fertilizers

Typically, fertilizers are applied when planting bulbs, but due to heavy rainfall, beneficial substances can be washed out of the ground.

To feed tulips, you can also use fertilizers in the spring - it is most convenient to apply them by dissolving them in water.
Fertilizer options:

1. Mineral fertilizers, which contain nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus. For example, “Kemira Combi” Nitrophoska, “Flower Paradise”, Ammofoska. Fertilizers are applied at a rate of approx. 20 g/1 m² soil (instructions are included with each fertilizer);
2. Fertilizers organic origin(Necessarily High Quality, disinfected from bacteria and microorganisms). “Harmony”, “Life-giving force”, “Geoplant”, etc. The calculation of the amount of fertilizer depends on the fertility of the soil and is 10-50 g/m².

About the lack of this or that mineral matter testifies appearance plants.

Rapid wilting in the bouquet, a fragile stem, small leaves indicate that the tulip needs in nitrogen, the solution is feeding ammonium nitrate(10-15 g/1m²).

Small deformed flowers, a bluish tint to the leaves are a sign of a lack of potassium and phosphorus, the solution is fertilizing with potassium nitrate, superphosphate ( 30-40 g/1m²).

Care during and after flowering

During the flowering process, tulips require intensive watering ( 10 liters of water per 1m²) and application of fertilizers mentioned earlier.

As often as possible inspect flowering plants– this will help to detect flowers affected by diseases and remove them.

You should also get rid of and loosen the soil after each watering so that a dry crust does not appear on it.

After the tulips bloomed, there is no need to stop intensive watering for several weeks - during this period, active formation of the bulb occurs.

Watering promotes the accumulation of more nutrients. Remove fallen petals immediately so that they do not cause rotting.

You can cut the stems only when they have completely turned yellow. By performing this procedure earlier, you will provoke cessation of bulb development.

Features of transplantation

For tulip transplants It is necessary to dig up the bulbs, following certain rules.

It is best to dig in June-July when the soil is crumbly and contains a small amount of moisture:

• get it onion from the earth;
• carefully trim or break off leaves and stems;
• remove old husks Brown;
• rinse healthy bulbs disinfectant(for example, foundationazole).

Bulbs should be replanted in autumn- during the normal planting season.

When to dig up bulbs

Bulbs are dug up in order to eliminate weakened and disease-affected plants, select the largest and healthiest planting material, and prevent the appearance of many small bulbs (unsuitable for planting).

In other words, this is the key to preserving the variety and large, healthy, beautiful flowers. Digging time bulbs depends on the climate zone (from May to early July).

In order not to make mistakes in calculations, you should focus on the most important indicator - yellowed leaves tulip As soon as about 2/3 of the length of the leaf has turned yellow, you can safely remove the bulb.

Reproduction

Propagation by seeds

The seed method of propagating tulips is used only to breed new variety colors, since seedlings can bloom 5 years or later after planting.

In addition, they do not repeat characteristics of the variety– properties characteristic of a certain plant variety (size of buds, their shape and color, height of the peduncle, etc.).

Tulips are pollinated cross method, resulting in the appearance of seed pods.

It is important that they are completely ripe, and the box burst spontaneously, after which the seeds can be collected and saved until autumn.

Seeds ready for planting are exposed to low temperatures ( from -10°С to -20°С) for 3-4 months so that in the future they germinate simultaneously.

Plant development occurs gradually: First, a single tubular leaf appears, a root and a stolon (a shoot that extends from the base of the plant) with a bulb.

Then the bulb deepens and increases in size. A year later, it takes root, a flat leaf appears, the old bulb dies off and a new one forms - a replacement one.

After a couple of years, the bulb appears several daughter bulbs, there may be flowering that should be stopped (it will interfere with the development of the tulip).

Young bulbs can be planted in prepared soil, but the flower will not become fully mature until 6-7 year after planting the seeds.

Propagation by bulbs

Tulip has one adult bulb, from which one replacement and several daughter ones appear in the process of development.

To increase the number daughter bulbs, it is necessary to cut off the buds during flowering. Then the bulbs are dug up, stored until autumn and planted in the soil in rows.

At the same time, all rules of care for the bulbs: watering, fertilizing, loosening the soil, etc. Be sure to destroy any blooming flowers.

Full bulbs can be planted through 3 years (early variety– after 2 years).

Diseases and pests

Fungal diseases:

1. Gray rot– spreads quickly in damp weather in the form of yellow-gray spots, affects the above-ground parts of the flower and bulb, and is treated by spraying plants with Bordeaux mixture (1%) during the growing season. Medicine is prepared based on 100-150 ml/1m²;
2. Root rot– partial rotting of the root system, deterioration of the decorative qualities of the tulip, can be treated with disinfectants (potassium permanganate, foundationazole). The medicine is applied when watering at the rate 10 g/10 l water;
3. Tyfulosis– the plant lags behind in growth, the sprouts become red, the buds do not develop fully. It is treated by removing affected plants, timely destruction of weeds, and digging up the soil after removing the bulbs.

Viral diseases:

1. Variegation– the most common viral infection among lily tulips, which manifests itself in the form of a change in the color of the flower, cannot be treated, is transmitted through the juice; to prevent the disease, garden tools should be disinfected;
2. August disease– the appearance of streaks on the stems and leaves with their further drying. The bulb becomes spotted; it is treated by removing the diseased plant along with the earthen lump.

Non-communicable diseases:

1. "Blind" ( pale color) buds– a common disease during the forcing period. Forcing is the most active growth and plant development. To speed up the development of a tulip, it is necessary to create for it the maximum suitable conditions. Prevented by observing planting times and carefully selecting bulbs before planting;
2. Drooping of the peduncle, damage to the stem. Prevented by compliance temperature regime, adding calcium to the soil before planting;
3. Lime disease– hardening of the bulbs, changing their natural color, is prevented by observing storage conditions and digging up the bulbs.

Pests:

1. Onion root mite– affects the bulb, penetrating into the sinuses between its scales, causing rotting. It is prevented by treating the bulbs with water (35-40 °C) before planting and spraying with Actellik poison (according to the instructions) during the growing season;
2. Greenhouse aphid– affects leaves, peduncles, stems, resulting in deformed organs. The pest can be destroyed by spraying the outer part of the plant with Fitoferm and Inta-Vir preparations during the growing season, by planting insecticidal plants nearby (they protect plants from pests: dope, calendula, marigold);
3. Onion hoverfly– fly larvae infect the bulb, eventually the plant stops developing and dies. It is destroyed by removing diseased plants and is prevented by treating the bulbs with foundationsol before planting.

How to store bulbs

It is important that the bulbs are clean, dried, without leaves, roots, etc..

For long-term storage of bulbs, a place with moderate humidity and temperature is suitable ( 23-25°C). The closer to winter, the lower the temperature should be - about 15°C at the beginning of autumn.

You can use any room in the house, the main thing is that it is always ventilated.

Place the bulbs in the box Having laid them out in one layer, sprinkle the planting material with sawdust or wrap each bulb in newspaper.

Check them periodically for presence rotting or any other changes, discard the damaged material immediately.

How to properly dig up and store tulip bulbs more clearly, shown in this video.

In spring on garden plots Tulips are among the first to bloom. Their multi-colored heads, similar to an inverted bell, do not please the eye for too long, as we would like. In their homeland, Central Asia, they have long noticed the similarity of the flower’s shape with an oriental headdress - a turban. This is where the name came from, albeit slightly modified.

Many people want to have this beautiful but capricious plant in their garden. What are the planting and care of tulips in open ground, how to preserve their bulbs in winter - the answers to the questions will be discussed in the article.

Description of the plant

The tulip belongs to the genus of bulbous plants, the Liliaceae family. They thrive in the hot and mountainous regions of Central Asia, in the steppes and on sandy soil. Wild flowers still exist in the southern regions of Kazakhstan and Eastern Europe. But most of all different types grow in India, Iran and Turkey.

This herbaceous plant with a short growing season. The structure of a tulip has the following points:

It should be noted that tulip flowers open well in the sun, and in cloudy weather and at night the buds close.

Growing tulips - planting and caring for the garden. Video:

Types and varieties of tulips

Modern classification divides all types of tulips and their numerous hybrids into 4 groups according to their flowering period. Each group should be considered in detail - this will help in choosing a variety.

Early tulips

This group includes 2 classes:

Simple early tulips– medium-sized bulbs and stems up to 30 cm. They bloom from the end of March. The most famous variety is considered to be Duke van Tol - a low stem, about 15-20 cm, red petals with a yellow edging.

Terry tulips– the stems are low – 20-25 cm, similar to the previous ones in description, but the petals are double, and open form the flower reaches 8 cm. Monte Carlo is included in this class. A flower with large, up to 10 cm, double buds of a delicate yellow tone. Stem – up to 20 cm.

Mid-early tulips

The presented group also includes two classes:

Triumph - bloom from April to the first half of May. The stem is strong and long - from 40 to 70 cm. The flowers are huge, goblet-shaped. The class is represented by the Blenda Flame variety - it has milky petals with pink feathers. Plant height is from 40 to 60 cm.

Darwinian hybrids– the stem is tall – from 60 – 80 cm, the buds are large, cup-shaped, 20 cm in size. Represents it Blushing Apeldoorn. The height is no longer than 65 cm, and the bud is 4 cm in diameter. The color of the petals is orange-yellow.

Late varieties of tulips

This group includes 6 classes:

• Simple late tulips– flowering from May to the first half of June. The height of the peduncle reaches up to 75 cm. The flowers have different colors, and their shape differs from the others in that they have a square base with rounded corners.
  
• Liliaceae - the shape of the flowers is pointed, elongated and curved petals. The stem is 50-60 cm high.
  
• Fringed - the petals have a delicate fringe along the edges. The buds look like lily flowers or are shaped like a glass. The stem grows up to 80 cm.
  
• Green-flowered– there are green blotches on the petals. The height of the bush is only 40-60 cm. The buds are cup-shaped.
  
• Parrot - the buds have multi-colored wavy petals with bright green spots. Diameter open flower reaches 20 cm, and stems - 40-65 cm.
  
• Terry late– they are called peony tulips. Peduncles can grow up to 60 cm. The flowers are similar to peonies and have a single or two-color color.
  

Other types of tulips

This group includes 3 classes:

Kaufman tulips– bloom from the end of March. It has decorative leaves with burgundy stripes. The stems are low - from 8 to 30 cm. The buds are bowl-shaped, and when expanded they look like a star. Painted in one or two tones.

Foster's Tulips– a short stem and a huge bud – up to 18 cm, in the form of a double bowl. They have succulent leaves with purple streaks. Flowering occurs in early April.

Greig's tulips - leaves are painted with patterns in the form of strokes and spots of green. The buds have elongated petals, painted in red-orange-beige tones. The stem is low - no higher than 30 cm.

Types and varieties of this beautiful flower great amount. You should choose those flowers that take root well in your climatic conditions.

How do tulips propagate?

Usually plant propagation gardeners carry out daughter bulbs and children. Flowers are propagated by seeds only by breeders. In order for the bulbs to be well preserved, they must be properly stored and prepared for planting. When planting bulbs in the fall, already in July it is necessary to carefully separate the daughter bulb from the common root. Then it must be cleaned of dirt and air dried and stored until autumn.

How to store tulip bulbs? For a month, the bulbs should be in a place where the temperature does not exceed 20 degrees. Then they need to be stored in a place where the temperature is about 12 degrees.

If it was not possible to plant tulips in the fall, it is not too late to do this in the spring, and keep the bulbs in the refrigerator in the vegetable department until planting.

When to plant tulips in the fall?

Flower bulbs are planted in flower beds autumn time– they manage to take root and freeze until spring. With the arrival of warmer weather, tulips actively grow and bloom.

It takes 3-4 weeks for the bulbs to take root before frost arrives. The rooting process occurs best at a temperature of 4-6 degrees Celsius and high humidity air.

Planting dates vary depending on the climatic and weather conditions of the area. Typically, tulips are planted from late September to mid-October. You cannot plant tulips too early, otherwise they will begin to sprout, and in winter the sprouts will certainly freeze. But you shouldn’t be late with this either - the bulbs will not have time to take root, and in the spring they will bloom late and produce small bulbs.

Planting tulips

Planting tulips in the ground in the fall requires soil preparation and processing of planting material. Tulips love flat, sunny places, without wind or drafts.

No holes are allowed on the site, because the accumulation of water in them leads to the death of the bulbs - in the summer they can get wet and rot, or freeze in the winter. A lack of light makes the stems crooked and the buds dim. The soil cannot be acidic - in this case the buds will not open.

Long before planting the bulbs, the soil should be dug up and fed with rotted manure, compost, ash and organic fertilizers - potassium nitrate or double superphosphate. It is necessary to feed the soil 2 months before planting, otherwise problems will arise. fungal diseases. If you don’t know the proportions of fertilizers, you can buy ready-made fertilizers for bulbous plants.

Bulbs should be prepared before planting. First, they need to be inspected and discarded if they are sick or damaged. Even one infected bulb can infect neighboring shoots and soil.

Then the planting material needs to be etched with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate, holding it in it for about an hour. You can treat them with a growth stimulator, dry the bulbs in the air, and you can start planting.

Growing tulips in open ground involves planting the bulbs in a prepared flower bed to a depth equal to two to three bulb diameters. If they are large, then they need to be planted at a distance of 10 cm from each other; for small ones, 6-8 cm is enough. To plant a bulb, you need to make a small hole for this; you cannot press on it, as you can damage the delicate root cushion.

Cover the planted bulbs with soil. Before frost, lay straw, fallen leaves or peat on top. If severe frosts are coming, cover the flowerbed with film. Saved sprouts will produce strong and healthy plants with lush flowers.

Planting tulip bulbs. Video:

Caring for tulips

They need to be looked after immediately after germination. It is necessary to dig up and destroy the bulbs that have not sprouted so that they do not infect others.

The plant loves moisture, so they need to be watered regularly. Before flowering, they need to be watered quite generously, but do not allow the leaves to become wet.

It is better to start feeding immediately after germination and it is better to use liquid fertilizers, pouring the solution directly under the root. Fertilizer is selected from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 2:2:1. At the beginning of the formation of buds, you should feed the flowers a second time, but the fertilizer should be in a ratio of 1: 2: 2.

It is necessary to constantly loosen the soil and remove weeds. It is better to do this after watering, when the ground is soft and the weeds are easily pulled out. Loosening the soil helps retain moisture and get rid of weeds.

What to do with tulips after flowering?

Withered buds should be removed so that the plant does not waste energy on producing seeds - you do not need them. Let it spend its energy growing bulbs.

Replanting tulips is required to ensure that the plant is healthy and does not degenerate into wild flower. Only selective tulip crops can be grown in one place, and then only for 3-4 years in a row. Then they need to be dug up and replanted in new soil.

Caring for tulips after flowering should continue for another 2-3 weeks. To begin with, cut off wilted buds and leaves with yellowing so that they do not spoil the appearance and do not lead to rotting of the entire plant.

In addition, the bulbs receive nutrients and solar energy. It is important to know for sure whether tulips need to be trimmed after flowering? You definitely need to do this, but not at the root, but let the seed bulbs ripen. The plant needs to be watered and fertilized regularly.

This will make the plant look great next spring. After the buds wither, you only need to feed them once with mineral fertilizers for bulbous plants with a phosphorus-potassium composition.

When to dig up tulips after flowering?

After flowering has completed and the plant has been cared for for 2-3 weeks, the bulbs must be dug up and stored until autumn planting. Digging time bulbs depend on the variety of tulips and their flowering time. This usually occurs from mid to late July. You can dig up the bulbs if the tulip leaves have all become yellow and brittle, and the stem is flexible and elastic.

Protective brown scales of the bulb are visible around the stem. You can dig up the bulbs on a sunny, dry day; the soil should be dry, so stop watering the plants a week before. Bulbs removed from the soil must be dried before being sent for storage.

Many gardeners are interested in the question: Do they need to dig up tulips every year, since they are perennial flowers?

Pay attention to this material -

If the tulips are valuable varieties, then this must be done; only in this case can the uniqueness of the variety be preserved. If they are left in the ground with other varieties, they may degenerate.

It is imperative to replant parrot varieties, fringed and green-colored, every year. A simple varieties, like Triumph, Foster does not need to be removed from the ground every year, but rather every 5 years. If the bulbs are not selected from the soil, they will gradually become buried and not all of them will be able to emerge from it in the spring.

Tulip diseases and their treatment

The tulips are amazing infectious diseases. Fungal, viral and non-infectious damage are the results of improper care. The most dangerous are infectious lesions, among which are:

Tulips are very popular flowers, today we’ll talk about planting and caring for them in the open ground. With their beauty they won the hearts of many people. Modest flowers decorate not only personal plots, but also city flower beds. The fashion for tulips came to us from Holland. Magnificent flowers have not ceased to delight with their beauty and rich palette of colors for many years. They started growing tulips in Persia. Then they learned about their existence in Turkey and Europe. The name of the flower comes from the eastern headdress “turban”. In Turkey, this elegant flower is usually worn in a turban.

The tulip is a member of the Liliaceae family. There are many garden varieties of these beautiful flowers. The height of the plant depends on the variety. The size of miniature species does not exceed 20 cm. There are tulips 70 cm high.

Bell-shaped flowers come in a variety of colors. Tulip petals can be either single or double. And now more about

Growing tulips in open ground

Selecting bulbs for planting

It is advisable to buy tulip bulbs before the start of the planting season. Most the right time for this purpose - the end of July - mid-September, when they are at rest. During the planting season, it will be very difficult to purchase high-quality planting material. In the spring, as a rule, they sell old bulbs that were not sold last season.

Preference should be given to bulbs with thin, golden skin. Cracks on them should not scare you. The main thing is that the bulb itself is not damaged, since planting material is easily injured.

A thick, dense bulb with dark brown scales indicates that it is not suitable for planting; it will be very difficult for the roots to germinate.

If it is not possible to plant flowers right away, put the tulip bulbs in a cool room. They are stored separately from other bulbs. If you come across diseased bulbs, they will infect healthy ones.

As for size, it is better to take young, healthy, medium-sized bulbs. They should look good. A bulb unsuitable for planting will have mechanical damage, mold spots, and dried pulp.

The surface of the bulb should be dense and clean. It wouldn’t hurt to take the onion in your hand. Little weight indicates illness. A healthy bulb feels heavy to the touch.

When purchasing, you need to inspect the bottom of the bulb. On high-quality bulbs, root tubercles are visible. You should not buy planting material with a soft bottom, rotten or sprouted roots.

When should you plant tulips? Time and timing of landing

Central Asia is the birthplace of almost all varieties of tulips. IN natural environment they grow in steppes, deserts, foothills, and mountainous dry areas. In early spring they form bright flowering carpets. With the onset of heat, beautiful tulips fade. But the bulbs continue to exist, going deeper into the soil. In autumn, new roots appear on them. In the spring, awakening from winter sleep, tulips bloom again, delighting us with their beauty.

In nature, tulips bloom only after winter cooling. During this time, they accumulate special nutrients that help them germinate.

Planting tulips in autumn

Experienced gardeners plant tulips only in autumn. Planting time depends on the region where flowers are grown and climatic conditions.

In conditions middle zone Tulips are best planted at the end of September.

IN southern regions This has been done since the beginning of October, when the thermometer drops to 7-10 °C. The root system of the bulbs is formed in 3-4 weeks. It should be taken into account that the weather can make its own adjustments.

At early boarding The rooting process is delayed, and the bulbs may become infected with fusarium. In addition, in warm weather, the bed can become overgrown with weeds, which will take away the strength of the tulips.

Planting flowers too late is also not recommended. Due to frost, the root system may not form. They may rot or freeze. Typically, such tulips bloom poorly and their bulbs are not suitable for further planting.

If the bulbs were planted in November, they are covered with spruce branches or foliage for the winter.

Planting tulips in spring

Spring is an unfavorable time for planting tulips. The flowers, of course, will grow, but will bloom later. To speed up flowering, place the bulbs in the refrigerator overnight before planting.

After cooling, they are washed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and planted in open ground. This must be done before April. If there are still frosts in your area at this time, the bulbs are first planted in containers and then carefully transplanted into a flower bed.

Choosing a location and preparing a site for tulips

• Tulips will be most comfortable in a well-lit place.
• Graceful flowers do not tolerate drafts, so they must be protected from strong winds.
• They are suitable for areas with a flat surface that are protected from groundwater.
• For normal growth and development, flowers need a thick fertile layer of soil.
• They love loose soils with neutral or moderate acidity.

When choosing a place to plant, it is worth considering what plant was grown here before. Are considered good predecessors vegetable crops and flowers. To avoid infection with viral diseases, they should not be planted in place of nightshade and bulbous plants.

The growth of tulips largely depends on the choice of soil. It should be loose, fertile, and allow moisture and air to pass through well. They are most suitable loamy soils and sandy loams rich in humus. Other soils can be enriched by adding certain fertilizers.

Sandy lands dry out quickly; they contain little nutrients. To eliminate these shortcomings, tulips will have to be watered more often and fed with mineral fertilizers.

With heavy clay soils it will be more difficult. To make them suitable for tulips, coarse river sand, peat, and rotted manure are added to them. This will help increase the permeability of the soil. When using peat, its increased acidity is neutralized with chalk or lime. During intensive growth Heavy soils should be loosened more often.

In the spring, at the site of future planting of tulips, slowly decomposing substances should be added to the soil. organic fertilizers. Rotted manure or compost works well.

Planting tulips

Only healthy and high-quality bulbs are suitable for growing. Before planting, all bulbs must be carefully inspected in order to identify infected material in time.

If you are going to plant bulbs that you have grown yourself, they must be pickled for 30 minutes in a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate. Planting material purchased from a specialty store or garden center is fully prepared for planting.

To plant tulips, you need to prepare beds 1-1.2 meters wide with longitudinal or transverse furrows. The length of the ridge can be of any size.

The prepared bulbs are carefully pressed into the bottom of the furrow so as not to damage the root system and covered with soil.

Planting depth depends on the size of the bulb and soil type.

On light soils, tulips are planted deeper than on heavy soils. A distance of 20 cm is maintained between rows. Bulbs are planted every 9-10 cm.

Many gardeners plant tulips using a tube. To do this, take a metal tube 5 cm in diameter with a piston that can be fixed. Having selected a column of soil of the required depth, the onion is lowered into the hole and the soil is pushed out with a piston. This method has many advantages. Properly planted bulbs will be protected from damage, and your hands will not freeze.

Plastic baskets are also used for planting tulips.. This method is simple. The bulbs are carefully laid out along the bottom of the basket, the container is placed in the prepared recess and sprinkled with earth. Flower bulbs will not be able to get lost in the soil. They can be dug up at any time.

When mass planting tulips in a prepared area, remove a layer of soil 10-15 cm thick, lay out the bulbs and sprinkle with earth. With this planting method you can do floral pattern using tulips of different colors.

Video about planting tulips

Rules for caring for tulips

Despite the fact that tulips are unpretentious plants, which are resistant to various diseases, improper care for these modest flowers can lead to rotting of the bulbs, deformation of the stem and the appearance of blind buds.

Well-prepared soil makes caring for flowers much easier.

As a rule, tulips emerge from under the snow in late March - early April. If you covered the flowers for the winter, remove the mulch immediately when the snow melts. The earth will warm up faster and tulips will bloom earlier.

When the first flower sprouts appear, they must be carefully examined to identify defective and diseased bulbs. To prevent the disease from spreading to healthy tulips, bad bulbs are dug up and destroyed.

To increase oxygen access to the roots, the soil around the sprouts must be carefully loosened. This procedure is carried out throughout the entire period of intensive growth of tulips. It is especially important to loosen the soil after watering.

Tulips need moderate watering before flowering. Avoid drying out the top layer of soil.

Fertilizing tulips with fertilizers:

1. When the sprouts emerge from the ground, they need to be fed with nitrogenous fertilizers so that the foliage begins to grow.
2. The second feeding is carried out when several leaves of the tulip unfold. This time you need to use complex mineral fertilizers.
3. During the period of bud formation, flowers really need phosphorus and potassium.
4. The last time complex mineral fertilizers are applied is when the buds bloom.

When fertilizing, precautions should be taken to prevent the flowers from getting burned. Fertilizers are applied in cloudy weather or during watering.

During flowering, watering tulips should be plentiful; water them only warm water. In order for them to develop well, they need to be fed. phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Manganese, zinc and boron contribute to the development of bulbs.

During flowering, tulips are also inspected, digging out diseased specimens.

Tulips bloom very quickly. After wilting, the flowers are watered for another 2-3 weeks. Inflorescences that have bloomed must be pinched off so that the plant does not waste energy on producing seeds.

When to dig up tulips?

Ordinary red varieties usually grow in one place for several years without digging or replanting. But varietal tulips need to be dug up to preserve their decorative properties. Otherwise, they will go deeper into the ground and the flowers will become smaller.

At the end of mid-June, when the leaves fade by half and become soft, you can start digging.

After being removed from the ground, the bulbs are cleaned and dried in the shade. Then they are placed in boxes or crates in a thin layer and left until autumn in a room with a temperature of about 20°C. It should be well ventilated.

It is necessary to sort and check the bulbs during storage - remove diseased and rotten ones immediately.

Video about digging and storing bulbs

Tulip propagation

Tulips can be propagated by seeds and children.

The seed method is very long - this is work for professionals and for breeding new varieties. Seeds are sown in boxes and grown for 3 years in one place, then planted in a separate bed for growing. And they continue to grow for several years. The first flowering can occur 5-6 years after sowing. And they become truly decorative after 10 years.

And at the same time, the varietal characteristics of the parents are not inherited. So tulips are cross-pollinated flowers.

It's easier and faster to grow tulips from children. Moreover, the children retain the varietal characteristics of the parent onion.

In order for small bulbs to form more quickly, you need to trim the flower during flowering. Then, at the usual time, we dig up the bulb, after the leaves have withered.

Small bulbs are separated and planted in a separate bed in the fall. Shelter for the winter. They grow them for two to three years and pluck out the flowers. Let them grow a good, full-fledged bulb before flowering.

Every summer they dig up the same as adult flowering bulbs.

Mice protection

Mice love to feast on the bulbs left in the ground. To protect flowers from rodents, daffodils and hazel grouse must be planted in the area next to the tulips. The bulbs of these plants are poisonous to mice. Also, pests cannot tolerate flower beds with cynoglossum.

You can take care of the safety of the bulbs in advance by carefully treating them with a spray bottle before planting with kerosene or Vishnevsky ointment. Mice are also repelled by the smell of ground red pepper. In the fight against rodents, you can use granular poison. She is buried next to beautiful tulips.

Have fun planting tulips in your areas - planting and caring for them will not be difficult for you now!

Best regards, Sofya Guseva.

Other useful articles.

Tulips are a luxurious decoration spring garden. The flowerbed with them is multi-colored and very elegant. Having learned in detail about tulips, planting and care in open ground, you don’t have to worry that the plants won’t bloom.

Growing tulips in open ground is quite simple and feasible even for a novice gardener. In order for plants to retain their varietal qualities from year to year, they must be dug up annually, dried and replanted.

Selecting bulbs for planting

Without this, the flowers will quickly become crushed, lose their varietal differences, or even die. bulbous flower It can be more difficult to purchase high-quality planting material. If you buy bulbs in the spring, they will be old and worn out winter storage. In the spring, things are sold that were not sold in the fall.

When purchasing, you should choose those bulbs that have thin husks of a pleasant golden color. The presence of cracks in the skin is normal.

The bulb itself must be whole. If there is damage on it, then you should refuse the purchase, since in this case it will not be possible to obtain a quality plant.

Choose the medium size of the onion you buy, and when you take it in your hand, you should feel its weight. When examining the bottom of good planting material, small root tubercles will be visible. If the bottom is soft, or the roots have already sprouted, you should not buy the bulb.

Time and timing of planting tulips

The homeland of the plant is Central Asia. IN natural conditions Tulips bloom intensely at the beginning of spring, and after that they dry out and go dormant. In their gardens life cycle follows the same principle. Therefore, it is important to immediately determine the correct planting date, since an error in it will lead to the death of the flower.

in autumn

Autumn - optimal time for planting tulips. Experienced gardeners plant bulbs only in September, and never postpone planting until summer or spring. It is advisable to choose a dry day for work. Details on how to plant tulips in the fall are described in the next section.

If you plant the bulbs too early, they will not only form roots before winter, but will also produce above-ground parts. As a result, the tulips will freeze and may die. If the plant survives after this, it will definitely not bloom.

Excessively late boarding leads to the fact that the bulbs do not have time to take root. For this reason, the plant overwinters incorrectly and in the spring, after spending its last strength on rooting, it no longer blooms. Also, tulips that are not rooted before frost can easily rot or freeze.

If for some reason you have to plant plants at the end of October or even in November, when they do not have time to take root, the bed must be covered with spruce branches or mulched with a thick layer of sawdust. Fallen leaves are also suitable for shelter.

in spring

Spring is not the right time to plant tulips. The bulbs will be able to take root and even bloom in mid-summer, but their life cycle will be seriously disrupted. Because of this, they will have to be dug up quite late, and, therefore, the date of autumn planting will shift to late autumn.

It is best if you bought tulips in the spring to plant them in a container very early - even before the snow melts. After the onset of persistent heat, the plants are planted without removing them from the container, as this will make it easier to dig them up in the future.

How to plant tulips correctly?

When planting tulips, proper agricultural technology is of great importance, which allows you to provide the plants with the maximum comfortable conditions. Violations of it will lead to poor quality flowering and sometimes even rotting of the bulbs. Planting tulips requires compliance with certain rules.

Soil requirements, site selection

A site for tulips is selected in the fall after the leaves have fallen from the trees. It should be very well lit. Since the tulips will bloom before the trees open their leaves, it is not scary if the flowerbed is in the shade in the summer. For plants, light is important only until the end of flowering. It is better to place the flower bed on a level place where melt water does not accumulate.

Tulips need neutral or slightly acidic, loose soil. The fertile layer needs to be thick. High water permeability and air permeability are also of great importance for the plant. You cannot plant tulips in areas where bulbous or nightshade crops previously grew. This is due to the accumulation of pathogens in the soil, which can spread to flowers.

If the soil is heavy, it will require frequent loosening. Without this, it is impossible to grow fully blooming tulips.

Planting in open ground

You can plant only healthy bulbs that do not have areas of rotting and are not affected by diseases. Before planting, they need to be soaked for 30 minutes in a slightly pink solution of manganese. After this, the bulbs are dried for an hour and planted.

It is more convenient to plant bulbs in furrows rather than holes, as this allows you to plant the maximum number of tulips. The distance between the furrows should be at least 25 cm so that it is convenient to care for the flowers, and the bulbs can develop with enough soil and nutrients. The distance in rows between plants should be 10 cm.

At what depth should I plant?

If the soil is light, the planting of the bulbs is deeper than with heavy soil. In the first case, the bulbs are planted to 3 of their heights, and in the second - to 2 of their heights. On average this is 15 cm and 10 cm respectively. You need to know that rooted bulbs will go even deeper.

Caring for tulips

Besides correct landing, tulips also require competent care, which will allow them to gain maximum strength for especially beautiful flowering. Despite all their unpretentiousness, varietal plants will not feel good if they are left to their own devices.

Watering and fertilizing

Plant feeding is carried out 3 times in the spring. Without this, the bulbs will not receive enough nutrients and will leave weakened during the dormant period. In addition, a lack of fertilizing will lead to the fact that high-quality buds and large flowers will not form.

1. First feeding. It is carried out immediately after the tulips emerge from the ground. Nitrogen fertilizers are used for it.
2. Second feeding. It is carried out when laying buds. Complex solutions are used for it mineral compounds with a high content of potassium and phosphorus.
3. Third feeding necessary after tulips bloom. Potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are applied.

Tulips react very positively to wood ash, which can be sprinkled on the soil before watering at any time.

Watering during the flowering period is very important for tulips. Water is poured at the root.

Usually 2-3 waterings per week are enough. After the flowers have withered, soil moisture is stopped so that the bulbs go into a dormant state.

Loosening

Loosen the soil around the tulips regularly after watering. At the same time, weeds are pulled out. If it is not possible to loosen the soil, you can mulch it.

Features of care after flowering

After the tulips have bloomed, they also need care. To prevent the plant from wasting energy on forming seeds, the flowers are cut off completely after they wither. Only leaves are left. How more leaves the plant will have it, the better.

When to dig up tulip bulbs?

Dig up the bulbs after aboveground part the plants turned yellow. You should not try to pull them out by the stem, as if it breaks, it will be difficult to remove the bulb. Due to the ability of tulips to go deeper into the soil, at the time of digging they will be deeper than when planting.

Storage conditions

The dug up bulbs are dried in the shade under a canopy or indoors for a month. After this, they are placed in paper bags and removed until autumn planting. The temperature at the storage location should be between +15 and +18 degrees. If spoiling bulbs are found, they should be discarded. They will not sprout in the spring, but the planting area will become infected.

Protection from diseases and pests

Whatever variety of tulips is chosen, it may be susceptible to diseases and pest attacks. If the plant is affected by fungal diseases, then to save the flower it is necessary to transplant it to a new place and spill it with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Of the pests, the main danger to tulips is:

• bulb mite;
• slugs;
• snails;
• mole crickets;
• rodents.

To get rid of mice, mousetraps and poisoned baits are used. For pests, special preparations are used that destroy insects and mollusks that attacked the flower.

Growing tulips is a fascinating activity, which, due to the variety of varieties, often becomes a real hobby for the gardener.