Beautiful facades of multi-storey residential buildings. Finishing with other facade panels. General description and structure of ventilated facades

The decoration of the facade plays an important role in the perception of the overall appearance of the house. But in addition to its aesthetic function, the facade is designed to protect the building from the harmful effects of precipitation and winds. And if previously the range of materials for facade decoration was limited to tiles, special moisture-resistant whitewash or stone chips, now every owner of a private house can choose the most suitable way facade finishing.

Let's consider the most popular types of finishing of facades of residential buildings and administrative buildings, namely:

decorative finishing;
decorative stone;
facade panels;
decorative bricks;
professional sheet.

Decoration with decorative plaster

This method is one of the oldest ways design of the facade of both private cottages and industrial buildings. The only disadvantage of plaster is that it looks beautiful only on a carefully prepared wall.

There are several types of facade plaster:

The most popular is mineral plaster. With its help you can create an imitation of some elite coatings, as well as all known species finishing "". It is produced by adding various mineral pigments and dyes to the cement-sand mass. Mineral plaster is vapor-permeable, so before applying it it is necessary to insulate the house with polystyrene foam or glass wool. Over time, cracks may appear on the plastered wall. Mineral plaster will last 15-20 years.
Acrylic plaster more elastic, so the resulting cracks are not so noticeable. Foam plastic is used as insulation when finishing walls with acrylic plaster. This plaster is not suitable for finishing country house or a building located near the road, because it strongly attracts dust and is difficult to clean. Acrylic plaster will also last 15-20 years.
It is vapor-tight, so any insulation will fit under it. It is a universal type of decorative plaster, because it is not afraid of climatic influences, dust and does not absorb salt. The service life of silicone plaster is 20-25 years. The only drawback is the price is too high.

Artificial stone for cladding

This material is durable and allows you to realize any design idea. Thanks to a wide range of textures, artificial stone can be combined with decorative plaster, and brick, and can also be used to decorate the facades of houses and administrative buildings. We recommend that you read the material about.

Fake diamond much cheaper than its natural counterpart, and thanks to its lighter weight and smooth surface it is easy to work with. The only drawback is low thermal insulation.

Facade panels

Cladding panels, otherwise called siding, are successfully used in the system. These panels provide good noise and heat insulation and allow you to hide any defect in the wall (irregularities, crumbling old coating, etc.). We recommend that you read the material about.

There are:

metal;
woody;
polyvinyl chloride panels.

Metal sandwich panels are steel or aluminum strips coated with polyester. Their advantage is strength, water resistance, resistance to precipitation and temperature changes. Aluminum panels are most often used for finishing industrial buildings, as well as for shopping complexes, where, in addition to appearance, much attention is paid to the strength of the cladding.
Wooden panels are made by pressing wood fibers under high pressure, after which a special coating is applied to them. These panels are easy to work with, because they are easy to saw and at the same time have high strength. The only downside is that, like everyone else wooden crafts, these panels swell from moisture and dry out in the sun, and are also susceptible to burning.
PVC panels are absolutely safe because they do not support combustion. They have a wide range of shades and textures, and are also easier to install than metal panels. PVC installation The panels are made taking into account their expansion in the heat, so small gaps are left between the panels, and the fastenings of the panels are not at the edges, but in the middle. The disadvantage is low frost resistance and the appearance of cracks from the cold. They are used mainly for finishing the facade of private houses and administrative buildings.

Decorative brick finishing

Decorative bricks have many forms - from classical rectangular shape to specimens with rounded edges and have both a glossy texture and a surface that imitates chipping. This material is characterized by increased strength and low heat transfer. Thanks to special technology processing and firing decorative brick waterproof and does not attract dust, which allows it to maintain attractive appearance despite exposure to precipitation and high levels of air pollution.

Most often used for finishing private cottages, facades of administrative buildings and fences.

The most popular methods of finishing facades (video)

Facing profiled sheet

It is used primarily for finishing industrial buildings, warehouses and workshops due to its low cost. The main advantages - strength and resistance to chemical attack increase the service life of the profiled sheet up to 50 years. This material is suitable for creating, because when it is installed, a gap remains between the load-bearing wall and the sheets themselves, into which the insulation is laid.

Market of materials used for exterior finishing of buildings for various purposes, truly diverse. Each consumer will be able to choose the most suitable product that is best suited for the implementation of the facade arrangement of both a shopping complex and a small private house. We recommend reading the article about .

Exterior wall decoration is an important part of the design of any building. After all, the facade of the house is business card owners. It reflects their preferences and forms the first impression of the home as a whole. External finishing, in addition to being decorative, also serves as insulation and also plays the role of protection. load-bearing walls from the effects of temperature changes and natural precipitation. In this article you will learn how to decorate the facade of a private house.

Nowadays there is a huge amount building materials, which can be used for exterior decoration of the building. Before you begin work on the design of external walls, you need to carefully study the positive and negative qualities of all finishing materials and decide what end result you plan to get.

The exterior decoration of a private house also depends on design solution interiors - it is necessary that there is harmony between them. Only then will the house look not just like a structure made of stone and concrete, but comfortable and cozy home, in which you want, as they say, to live, live and make good money.

In addition, the choice of finishing material is influenced by:

selected façade design style;
climate;
budget for construction work.

What materials are there for exterior home decoration?

A modern facade is usually finished with artificial or natural stone, brick, vinyl or metal siding, porcelain stoneware, plastic or wood panels, plaster.

Wood paneling

Wood is considered an excellent thermal insulator, environmentally safe material. Most often, oak, cedar, and pine are used to make wooden panels.

Note! Kitchen in a private house - 100 photos of design and layout ideas

The positive aspects of wood are its strength and resistance to precipitation. The disadvantages include the need special care: wood must be treated every year with special compounds to protect against pests.

Cladding with metal panels

Metal panels are one of the most practical facing materials for external walls of buildings. They are usually made of steel or aluminum. Metal panels have a long service life and do not require any special care.

The design of a facade with such cladding looks stylish and beautiful, especially if it includes wooden or stone finishing elements.

Decoration with vinyl panels

Vinyl siding does not require any maintenance. Photographs of the facades of private houses show that it can be used for cladding any buildings, regardless of their type. It is affordable.

Another advantage is its diversity color solutions and stylistics (it can be stylized as stone, wood). Also on vinyl good thermal insulation, but the impact resistance is less than that of wood and metal.

Brick cladding

Brick is a unique finishing material. With its help, you can create different patterns, and it also gives the entire structure a cozy look. In addition, its advantages include:

ease;
durability;
no need for special care;
ease of installation;
excellent thermal insulation properties.

The disadvantage is the high cost.

Finishing with natural or artificial stone

Just like brick, stone is the most expensive facing material. In addition to significant financial investments, it requires serious efforts. Stone cladding is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. As a result, buildings are usually only partially finished with stone.

But such design of facades gives a private house a particularly chic and representative look. Such a building will have a higher value upon subsequent sale.

Concrete finishing

In Western Europe, the popularity of cladding external walls with concrete is only growing every day. You can expect this to happen soon fashion trend will reach our country.

First, it must be said that external walls are finished with concrete if they need to be strengthened and strengthened. Such facades look very stylish. In addition, concrete has the ability to highlight beautiful appearance wood and other finishings.

Facade plaster

Finishing with plaster can be done by anyone. A plastered facade can have a rather beautiful appearance, especially if textured plaster is used. Speaking about the qualities of this coating, it is durable and weather-resistant.

Finishing with other facade panels

In addition to panels made of wood, metal, vinyl, panels from:

Fiber cement. They are resistant to frost, lightweight, and durable. Another advantage is the variety of texture solutions. The downside is the high cost. Mounting is done on a metal frame.
Foam plastic. The peculiarity of such panels is the presence of a reinforced layer of plaster and the absence of the need to install a frame. The disadvantages include the impossibility of attaching them to facades wooden buildings– this can lead to rotting of the tree.
Glass. Glass panels are made from special impact-resistant glass. They have good heat and sound insulation properties. The disadvantage is the high cost of the material and significant costs during its installation.

Cladding external walls with sandwich panels

A sandwich panel consists of two sheets of metal and a layer of insulation and a vapor barrier layer between them. Pros: light weight, ease of installation, excellent thermal insulation, durability, moisture resistance, fire resistance.

If the top layer is damaged, the panel can be easily restored, without the need to replace most of the facade. The disadvantage is that such material is not cheap.

Covering the external walls of the house with siding

This is probably the most common and a budget option facade finishing. Siding can be installed on both insulated walls and walls without insulation. This facing material is used to hide facade defects. It is moisture resistant and comes in a variety of textures and colors. Vinyl, metal, wood, and cement can be used to make it.

The ideal cladding is the one that best protects the load-bearing structures of the house from various types of precipitation. This is the most important point, which you should pay attention to when choosing facade cladding.

Of all the finishing materials that meet this requirement, choose the one that is easiest to install and further care, which has the best thermal insulation and moisture-repellent properties.

Photos of the facades of private houses

The facade of a building is the first thing that catches our eye when we see a house.

The facade must be selected not only according to aesthetic criteria, but also according to technical characteristics.

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On modern market There are many materials for facade finishing. Let's look at the newest types of facing materials.

Decoration of facades of wooden houses

Wooden facades are best suited for houses in southern regions. In other cases, you will have to treat the siding panels with protective solutions, which requires a significant investment.

On the other hand, if good quality And home comfort play a bigger role for you than the price of finishing, wooden facade just for you, because after good processing it can be used even in regions with large temperature differences.

Siding is installed at some distance from the wall. The void is filled with thermal insulation material.

The air that circulates between the wall and the finishing material prevents moisture from condensing on the wall surface.

The most common types of profiled siding are herringbone and shiplap.

High-pressure laminate panels are considered a fairly new material for finishing.

They are made from thin cellulose sheets compressed under high pressure. The thickness of the panels is 6-15 mm. They have good bending resistance.

Such panels are coated with a special varnish that protects them from external influences. You can place any image or texture under the varnish.

This type of finishing is ideal for balconies and individual residential or small office buildings.

Facade injection molded panels

Molded panels can be used both in the facades of private houses and in multi-storey ones.

They are made from polymers by casting and have long term operation. The panels can withstand temperatures from -50 0 C to +60 0 C, so they can be used in regions with any climate.

Panels can imitate brick and stone and can easily be mistaken for natural material.

They are resistant to corrosion and deformation, and are difficult to bend or break. The panels are attached to the frame using self-tapping screws.

Their advantages include not only low cost and reliability, but also ease of maintenance - wet cleaning is sufficient, periodic updating is not required.

Facade finishing with clinker tiles

Clinker tiles are made from baked elastic clay. It contains no chalk or salts.

In appearance, such tiles imitate brick, but have much less weight. It practically does not absorb moisture, which prevents it from the appearance of cracks and releases of salt from cement-sand mortars.

Such tiles are easy to clean from dirt.

Facade clinker thermal panels are excellent for finishing the facades of private houses, as they retain heat well. They can also be used for decoration multi-storey buildings.

Ceramic plate

A ceramic slab is made by molding and firing natural clay. Such a plate can be oriented horizontally or vertically.

It is extremely frost-resistant, so it is perfect for residents of cold regions.

The tiles place minimal load on the foundation because they are light in weight. The material has high water resistance, strength and thermal conductivity, resistant to aggressive environments.

Ceramic tiles are equally suitable for cladding single- and multi-story buildings.

Concrete siding for facades

Concrete siding made from white cement, sand and dyes. Excellent for cladding multi-storey buildings, cottages, industrial and commercial facilities.

Thermal insulation material can be laid between the frame slats. Concrete siding can be used not only for the construction of new buildings, but also for updating old ones.

Concrete siding does not burn, so it is great for buildings with increased requirements on fire safety.

Facades of multi-storey buildings

When cladding the facades of private residential buildings, you can use almost any type of finish. If we are talking about high-rise buildings, then the materials will be somewhat limited.

In addition, glazing or composite aluminum panels are more often used to decorate the facades of buildings of large companies, since such buildings must have a presentable appearance.

Also, in ventilated structures, facades with ceramic magnets are often used. This material increases the waterproofing properties of the building and provides resistance to low temperatures and environmental influences.

The simplest and most economical material for cladding multi-storey buildings is plaster. It increases sound insulation properties and does not weigh down the foundation.

Thus, with today’s wide selection of finishing materials, you can easily choose the most optimal option for you.

Modern technologies make it possible to perform quite reliably exterior finishing houses of any height and configuration using the ventilated facade method. The main advantage of using this method is that the walls of the house are transformed according to the most intricate options of the owners and are insulated with high-quality material.

General description and structure of ventilated facades

The structure of the structure resembles a layer cake. It consists of several “layers” that perform certain functions, and together are called ventilated facades:

Metal subsystem or wooden sheathing

The frame (sheathing) consists of the following elements:

fastening elements (brackets, screws, rivets);
Guides (profiles or bars).

Guide metallic profile, using self-tapping screws and brackets, is fixed to the surface of the wall of a frame, timber or log house. Installation of lathing from wooden beam is performed without the use of brackets, but the lifespan of such subsystems is shorter. The horizontal or vertical direction depends on the type of cladding material chosen.

Thermal insulation

Mineral wool or expanded polystyrene (foam plastic, carbon) is fixed to the surface of the walls of a residential building using special “fungi”. When choosing and calculating, it is recommended to take into account the thermal insulation data of a specific type of insulation. When performing the work independently, the choice depends on the preferences of the owner of a private frame building, which may turn out to be wrong.

useful in work

Before attaching thermal insulation, it is recommended to treat the walls of frame, log, lumber and any other wooden structure with an antiseptic.

Protective membrane

When insulating a facade structure with mineral wool, it is necessary to protect it from moisture and weathering. This is achieved by using a moisture-proof, vapor-permeable membrane. She protects thermal insulation material from weathering and moisture ingress, which contribute to its gradual destruction and disruption of the integrity of the system, which can affect the load-bearing walls of a residential building.

When choosing and purchasing thermal insulation for residential buildings, you need to pay attention Special attention for fire safety. The material must have the necessary certificates and belong to the non-flammable class. For example, class “C” polystyrene foam supports the combustion process for no more than 4 seconds, and class “F” - 1 second.

When using expanded polystyrene, installation of a membrane is not required (unlike mineral wool).

It is important to know

Despite its many advantages, the authors do not recommend the use of polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene in ventilated facade systems, since in the event of a fire, under the influence of natural draft, such insulation it will still burn for a while and can contribute to the fire of a wooden wall.

Air gap

The presence of a certain air gap between the insulation (or the wall of a house without insulation) and the facing material allows moisture to escape outside. It is because of the presence of this space that such structures got their name.

The size of the gap is determined using complex mathematical calculations and calculated at the design stage. As a rule, the minimum air gap should be at least 40 mm. Errors in these values can lead to moisture entering the thermal insulation (at a small distance), as well as humming in strong winds (at a large gap).

Decorative finishing

The cladding is fixed on guides; fastening occurs depending on the material used for specific residential buildings. Depending on what the owner of a private house preferred, fasteners are selected.

Types of facing materials

The cladding of private houses can be done using a wide range of finishing materials, each of which has its own distinctive qualities, characteristics, and is also made from different raw materials.

Natural wood

eurolining;
block house;
Planken.

A natural stone

Granite;
marble;
travertine;
agglomerate.

Ceramics

Porcelain tiles;
terracotta;
clinker.

Hardware

Siding;
facade panels;
composite panels and cassettes.

Other materials

Facing brick;
HPL – panels;
fiber cement boards.

Facade compatibility

The exterior decoration of a residential wooden log house, made using the “ventilated facade” technology, compares favorably with other methods of facade insulation in that all the useful natural qualities of a wooden structure are preserved. Multilayer “breathing” structures have proven themselves to be excellent in use in any building.

A wide selection of fasteners allows installation on almost any walls of residential buildings made of various materials. The difference can only be in the type of insulation. For example, frame or timber house They are insulated with both expanded polystyrene and mineral wool, but the log façade is insulated only with the latter. This is due to the external structure of the wall surface. Rigid sheets of foam plastic cannot be tightly applied to the rounded shapes of a log building, and mineral wool It has the properties of bending. Another good option for insulation is the use of eco-wool.

If the technology wet facade"is used when finishing a stone house, then “breathing” structures can be erected on walls of any type.

Benefits of technology

Ventilated systems have certain strong factors relative to other types of insulation and exterior finishing. The main advantage is versatility. “Breathing” structures can be used on any surface, regardless of the number of floors, the configuration of the load-bearing walls of private buildings: log, timber or frame type.

Among the many advantages of this design are the following:

Wide selection of materials that can be used decorative cladding walls;
heat and sound insulation of a frame or timber structure;
increasing service life, durability is the most important factor for wooden buildings;
There is no need to constantly maintain the facing material in good condition. Except in cases where wooden cladding materials are used (they must be treated with special chemical impregnations and solutions or varnishes).
most of them have a certain resistance to mechanical damage, and some are even considered anti-vandal material;
fire safety;

replacing one cladding structural element does not require extra work. It is enough to dismantle it and then install a new one.