Major renovation home and other residential premises is a matter of improving life. The innovation that was added to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation states that owners of square meters in multi-storey buildings undertake to invest money in repairs. Given such changes, questions have arisen that require answers about what a major overhaul means and what types of activities are being carried out. The nuances are described in the current legislation, so you should study the legality of actions and amendments.

Repair apartment buildings, provided for by legal norms, is carried out by special organizations that are assigned to real estate.

Features of the overhaul procedure

Major, large-scale repairs are determined by each real estate entity independently, but fees are held regularly. The state website of housing and communal services contains all the information directly from each region of the country. IN open access There is also information about the rights and capabilities of each owner and their obligations.

The legislation provides for two points when a person is removed from financial obligations:

• when the property is in disrepair and is subject to demolition;
• land under municipal real estate.

If the land is of regional importance, then apartment owners are exempt from cash contributions, and the amounts surrendered are also returned to them. The state also took care of low-income apartment owners. Owners with a subsidy can increase it so that the funds are enough to pay for major repairs. The legislation stipulates that citizens with a minimum income will not feel the costs.

If a situation arose that the owner bought a property with a debt for public utilities or debts for paying for major repairs, then the owner acquired debts along with the property.

Major renovations of residential premises come in different sizes, depending on the condition of the property and the needs of the residents.

Repair provisions

What work is included in the overhaul is decided by residents.

You should also have information about what is considered changes; the list of works is highlighted by the following points:

1. Insulation of walls, facades, basements, repairs and insulation of parts of the house.
2. Restoration of fire escapes, drains, and insulation window openings and sound insulation.
3. Restoration works of foundations and basements.
4. Major roof repairs apartment building.
5. Basements, roofs, as well as improvement of doors and areas on floors.

What is not included in the overhaul of an apartment building is highlighted by the following points:

• House heating;
• water supply, drainage systems;
• electrical equipment;
• interior work;
• gas pipes, garbage chutes.

In some residential premises, attention is paid to elevators, and this item is necessarily considered by the housing commission. From the definitions it is noticeable about repair that it consists of different types works, they relate directly to improving the quality of life at a certain facility. It is also important to control the expenditure of funds, because monthly contributions must cover all the necessary manipulations related to home improvement. In the regions there is a control department that decides the main issues related to major repairs.

The list of works for major repairs of multi-storey housing is services that directly relate to the quality of life.

Designation of the concept

The designation of major repairs is specified in the Housing Code Russian Federation, highlight the following designations that large-scale repairs are the restoration of real estate. The procedure for carrying out major repairs is indicated for each housing by the apartment owners, so finding out where the money goes is as simple as contacting the head of the commission.

Major repairs include the elimination of any defects in the property multi-storey building. They also replace broken materials and structures. Of course, the nuances and features of the work depend on the material condition; taking into account the possibilities, you can improve the infrastructure of the house and territory.

Major repairs of a building depend on the work performed, so the following types of activities are distinguished:

All work is carried out as needed, the chosen aspect is decided only by the commission, by the residents themselves, who donate funds for renovation work. Major repairs must be carried out both by employees who provide housing and communal services, and by the owners themselves.

Major repairs of common property in an apartment building are carried out at the expense of the apartment owners, and the types of work are chosen directly by the residents.

Types of repair work

They include both planned major repairs and unscheduled or emergency repairs. The second type is carried out if there is an emergency, when you need to react quickly and eliminate all the consequences of the unforeseen event. When it comes to major repairs in a dilapidated house, this will require a special permit. All activities can be carried out in the event of a threat to residents, if one arose before the proposed demolition.

Major repairs and ongoing repairs of premises are different, so they should not be confused, because the rights and obligations of all parties to the process depend on the designation.

The following types of repairs are distinguished:

• unscheduled;
• emergency;
• current;
• capital.

In the documentation, types of repairs have different responsible persons. After all Maintenance- this is the responsibility of the person who rents the premises, and capital - the one who rents it out. This division clearly indicates the obligations, as well as the people responsible for them. It is worth remembering that each type of repair work is paid for from separate sources. Each type has its own characteristics and different amounts of work.

Current repairs are carried out systematically, its goal is to prevent more serious breakdowns and destruction. All the main subtleties are spelled out in the housing and communal services standards.

Major repairs of common property in an apartment building replace current repairs, which are carried out during the recorded period. If residents refuse any type of repair, there is a good reason for this.

Current repairs are carried out as planned for preventive purposes and do not require interruption of the usual mode of life. The price is low, but this approach will maintain the functionality of the building. Of course, there is no exact division between types of repairs, because all activities concern the same structures and structures.

With the help of periodic repairs, the life of the element is extended; overhauls replace breakdowns, but for a certain fee.

It is worth remembering that major repairs are paid from real estate accounts, while current repairs are paid for by housing and communal organizations. It is important to separate the concept of reconstruction and major repairs of real estate, because these two concepts have different activities.

What constitutes a major overhaul is determined by the commission or the residents themselves; the frequency and scope of work are assigned by inspectors.

Contribution amounts

For housing repairs, contributions are made, which is determined by the residents themselves depending on the need and scale of changes, and other nuances. The law stipulates that all residents and apartment owners are required to finance the repair of common property.

All contributions are stored in special funds and reproduced in the following ways:

1. Every concrete house has a bank account in which money is stored. Expenses are recorded and controlled by a specially created commission, but each resident has every right to view all expenses and invoices.
2. Collective accounts as a method of collecting contributions are practiced in certain municipal areas. The collection of money is controlled by the head of the commission, who organizes repair activities.

The overhaul is dependent on fundraising. Each region and municipal district has a minimum that is approved by law and is mandatory. The amount to be paid is calculated taking into account utility tariffs and the availability of other real estate. Therefore, contributions for major repairs are individual for each citizen.

The amount of the contribution is also influenced by the following factors:

Important information in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation: activities that are not included in the provided minimum are carried out for additional cash deposits.

Major renovations in new buildings are carried out by the developer, this required condition when buying a home. The definition of activity, as well as the types of work, are indicated in the purchase and sale agreement.

You can find out about major renovations of apartment buildings online on the Housing Fund website. You can find out whether repairs are included in utilities from the commission that is directly responsible for the house.

Type of activity that is paid from contributions

An article from the Housing Code of the Russian Federation indicates all activities that are aimed at reconstructing the building; such legislation was adopted at the state level. For a new building, different rules apply: only the developer controls the overhaul of the premises and all the nuances regarding changes in the sale of real estate. Whether it is possible to refuse major repairs is decided by a specially created commission, which, if one owner refuses, takes into account the interests of the residents of the apartment building.

Repair includes the following items:

1. Roof repair, work that improves the stability and prolongs the service life of the roof.
2. Elevator - service life up to 25 years, this indicator is influenced by the intensity of operation, its specifications.
3. Works inside the house.
4. Basements and foundations are repaired as necessary.
5. The façade of the house is being renovated at the expense of the residents.

Whether major repairs are included in monthly payments depends on the regional department, as well as on the housing commission. In addition to the included services, the regional department is expanding the list and adding additional repair work to improve the improvement of a residential building. You can find out what it includes on the organization’s website. Property owners undertake to monitor the common property and put the surrounding area in order, while major repairs can only be refused by decision of the commission.

Major repairs are changes that are provided for by legal regulations and are controlled by legal authorities. If residents refuse repairs, they must indicate the reason so that the commission will give the necessary permission. You can enter the management community using the votes of the residents of the house.

The list of works and services for major repairs of an apartment building is constantly being improved and updated with new useful proposals.

In recent years, government agencies, management organizations and homeowners have faced acute issues related to the maintenance of residential real estate and the implementation of major repairs.

The significance of the problem is due to the increase in the financial burden of citizens for the maintenance of common property and significant deterioration of the housing stock.

Dear readers! Our articles talk about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique.

If you want to know how to solve exactly your problem - contact the online consultant form on the right or call the numbers below. It's fast and free!

Major renovation of a building - what is it?

The concept of overhaul is disclosed in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. This is replacement (restoration) work:

• Building structures (except load-bearing ones) and their components;
• Engineering and technical communications;
• Parts of load-bearing building structures.

During major repairs, faults in worn-out parts of common property are eliminated through restorative repairs, and they are replaced with similar ones or with better performance characteristics.

If allowed technical capabilities, then the residential building is modernized taking into account modern requirements in the field of efficient use various types resources (equipment with heat, electricity, water, gas meters) and improving the comfort of living.

Based on the volume of work performed, the following are distinguished:

1. Comprehensive repairs carried out with the aim of restoring all damaged parts of common property. After completion of such repairs technical condition The building must fully comply with all building codes and operational requirements.
2. Selective overhaul involves the replacement or repair of individual components of the building, certain elements of engineering communications.

Selective repair work is carried out when carrying out a comprehensive repair is impossible or involves significant difficulties.

These may be situations where:

• Significant damage to some structures threatens the safety of other parts of the buildings;
• There is no economic feasibility of carrying out a comprehensive renovation of the building or there are specific features of its financing;
• Restriction or temporary cessation of use of the home may be necessary.

Also, in addition to the planned overhaul, unscheduled (emergency) repairs are distinguished, which are carried out to restore the damage caused building structures at home as a result of any emergency.

Current and major home repairs: what are the differences?

It is fundamentally important to distinguish major repairs from current repair work, since the rights and obligations of the parties and other participants in relations in the housing sector directly depend on the correct qualification of the work carried out.

For example, in contracts for the provision of real estate for paid use (rent, lease), current repairs are the responsibility of the tenant, and capital repairs are the responsibility of the lessor. Besides financing of these types of repairs comes from various sources.

The features of each type of repair are based on the differences in goals, frequency and volume of repair work.

Routine (preventative) repairs are measures systematically carried out to prevent premature wear of structures, finishing, building communications and work to eliminate minor damage and breakdowns.

An approximate set of measures implemented as part of routine repairs is contained in the Methodological Manual for the Maintenance and Repair of Housing Stock (MDK 2-04.2004), approved by the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Services (currently the Ministry of Construction).

Current repairs are planned and preventive in nature. Preventative repair work does not require interruptions in the full use of the premises of the building by residents, they are carried out periodically and quite often, in addition, such work is less expensive than major repairs.

Often the line between major and current repairs is arbitrary, since the objects of repair work are the same structures and their elements.

During a major overhaul, an element that has become unusable is replaced or needs to be restored, and the scope of current repairs is to maintain structures in good condition throughout the established service life. For example, fixing a roof leak is a routine repair, while replacing the entire roof of a house is a major repair.

Ongoing work is carried out and financed by housing maintenance companies from the proceeds of rent and rental payments.

Major repairs in an apartment building are paid for through targeted payments from the owners.

It is also necessary to distinguish major repairs from reconstruction work of a building. During reconstruction, in contrast to repair, measures are taken to change the key parameters of the apartment building (number of floors, area) or complete replacement of load-bearing structures.

Minimum contribution amount

Owners of apartments and non-residential areas located in an apartment building (apartment building) are legally required to fully finance the capital repairs of common property.

Paid monthly contributions are accumulated in a specialized capital repair trust fund, formed in two ways:

• On a separate MKD bank account(the accumulated money is spent on a specific house);
• Accumulation of funds in a collective account, managed by a regional operator, which carries out all organizational measures for the overhaul of the housing stock in a single entity in accordance with the overhaul program approved by the regional authorities.

The minimum mandatory contribution is approved by law in each region of the country.

The calculation of the contribution amount for a specific owner is made in rubles by multiplying the established tariff by the total area of ​​​​the premises owned by a citizen or legal entity.

Contribution amounts may vary depending on:

1. From belonging to the territory of a specific municipality;
2. MKD type;
3. Number of floors;
4. Actual service life;
5. Costs and volumes of repair work;
6. Service life of elements of common property.

Other work, except for those established by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, can only be performed at the expense of the excess portion of the contribution for major repairs.

Types of work that are paid for through the minimum contribution amount

At the national level, legislation provides for a set of overhaul services financed by a overhaul fund.

What applies to the major renovation of an apartment building? This includes repair and, if necessary, replacement of the following MKD elements:

• Intra-house communications related to common property(water supply, heating, sewerage, electricity, gasification systems, replacement stove heating central);
• Elevator equipment(standard service life is about 25 years);
• Roofs(the frequency of repairs depends on the roofing material);
• Foundation and basement areas classified as common property of the owners(taking into account the load-bearing floors of the first floor, walls and passing sections of utilities);
• façade(including restoration of sealing of seams, restoration of plaster, facing tiles, replacement of sills, drainpipes and other work).

You may be interested in an article about what rights and responsibilities you have management company on the maintenance of an apartment building, you can read about it.

At the regional level, this list is allowed to be supplemented with services for:

1. Insulation of building walls;
2. Arrangement of a ventilated roof and exits to it;
3. Equipping apartment buildings with general building meters for resource consumption and other devices that increase energy efficiency.

• Inspection of apartment buildings and drawing up an estimate for upcoming repairs;
• Conducting architectural and technical supervision of the work performed;
• Energy inspection of an apartment building;
• Technical inventory and certification of an apartment building.

The general meeting of owners has the right to agree to increase the minimum contribution rate established by the region in order to finance any additional work on major repairs of the common property of the house.

Apartment owners are now required to pay for major repairs. Russians are offered to choose a method of accumulating funds for this expense item. We invite you to watch the video.

List of works for major repairs of apartment buildings approved at the legislative level, taking into account climatic features region and types of houses.

Overhaul of apartment buildings means eliminating faults, replacing worn parts of the facade, as well as installing auxiliary systems for better operation of the structure. The list of overhaul works is fixed at the federal level.

What is included in the overhaul of an apartment building?

Restoration begins with taking measurements, which serve as guidelines for laying electrical wiring, sewerage, risers and other parts of the house.

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Restoration work includes the following list:

1. Monitoring the current condition of buildings, identifying deviations from standards, drawing up technical analysis and design and estimate documentation for the list of works.
2. Repair work to restore worn-out elements of multi-apartment buildings - overhaul services affect only balconies, electrical systems, risers, blind areas, heating, but do not apply to concrete floors and the foundation of the building.
3. Increase performance characteristics apartment building - the list of mandatory works includes the installation of modern key parts of water, heat, gas supply, modernized elevator shafts, heating rooms (boiler rooms). According to the regulations, a list of works on replacing windows and doorways, if the situation requires it. If necessary, workers are engaged in redevelopment of premises, expanding the interior space at the expense of staircases and other rooms.
4. Laying thermal insulation layers - window openings, entrances and vestibules are insulated. The list of works also includes replacing interpanel joints of the facade, especially in the northern regions of our country.
5. Engineering work - specialized engineers are responsible for replacing non-functioning electrics. New main lines are being laid, and if the system of an apartment building requires additional security (triple buffering), then the current internal wall openings are expanded.
6. Installation of metering devices and heat, gas and water supply meters. Major repairs of apartment buildings are among the list of works that affect the operational properties of the building. The overall savings of water, light, gas, etc. depend on energy metering.
7. Roof replacement services - required for consolidation roofing systems, without ventilation ducts in an apartment building.
8. Compliance with design documentation - during the overhaul of a house, employees ensure that the building does not lose its architectural appearance and does not deviate from urban planning regulations.
9. Technical supervision of compliance with all rules on the list of restoration measures.

Based on the results of the overhaul, the contractor submits the results according to the list of works, and the receiving party evaluates the services performed.

How does a major renovation of apartment buildings take place?

The Federal Law on Overhaul obliges apartment owners to pay for restoration work. Responsibility for the execution of reconstruction lies with municipalities or regional operators. They are tasked with monitoring compliance with the list of work performed.

Voting for major repairs in apartment buildings is done by the residents themselves. The general verdict on the need to restore the damaged parts is made at the Meeting of homeowners - one member from each family.

According to Art. 44 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, in order to approve the overhaul and begin fundraising, it is necessary to achieve no less than ⅔ votes (majority) of the number of members present at the meeting. The initiators of the Meeting are either individual owners or the management company (TSK).

The regional program for capital repairs of apartment buildings is approved at the state government level. After its approval, the regional operator informs residents about:

1. Timing of major repairs (exact or approximate).
2. List of restoration works.
3. Cost of contractor services.
4. Sources of financing for capital repairs.

Information is conveyed to residents no later than six months before the start of the overhaul program in a particular region of our country. The discussion continues for 3 months, after which homeowners send a decision to the regional operator, who, in turn, informs housing structures about this.

Mandatory work during major home renovations

The Housing Code establishes that types of work on major repairs of apartment buildings are paid by apartment owners and non-residential premises 8 months before the start of the regional program for capital repairs of apartment buildings.

The nature of the work depends on the overhaul budget. The law establishes the so-called minimum quota of contributions, the payment of which is mandatory. If necessary, residents can increase the amount of payments using Part 8.2 of Art. 156 Housing Code of the Russian Federation. In case of payment of the minimum tariff, the regional operator carries out a “cut down” version of the overhaul.

List of required works:

1. Foundation equipment (technical inspection).
2. Repair of facade, roof, non-residential premises (painting work, replacement of panel slabs, thermal insulation of windows).
3. Arrangement of engineering systems, heating, electrical wiring, sewerage.
4. Checking the operability of elevator shafts (movement of passenger and freight elevators, suitability of shaft cables, operation of the elevator lifting mechanism).

Mandatory work major repairs can be supplemented by a list of other operations, for example, installing meters or roofing. Such work requires additional funds. The budget increase is discussed at the same meeting of homeowners in an apartment building. Voting in the amount of ⅔ of the quota of all those present automatically obliges apartment owners to pay additional fees.

Today, major renovations of apartment buildings are of concern to residents, the government, and management companies. This is a serious problem closely related to the state of the housing stock and public interest in it. The 2014 Law on Major Repairs ensured the safety and comfort of living in apartment buildings by establishing deadlines for the completion of restoration work.

Who pays for major repairs

A few words about who should pay for the overhaul of a residential building. Law on capital repairs of apartment buildings (Article 169 of the RF Housing Code) clearly divided who carried out the work and how. Local authorities are responsible for organizing and controlling the overhaul, and the owners collect money for it. Before this, financial issues were handled by the Housing and Utilities Reform Fund, which today carries out work resettling residents from dilapidated and dilapidated houses. Payment for the capital repair program for apartment buildings is included in the monthly ENP and is determined for each locality individually.

Residents are exempt from paying for major repairs:

• emergency houses;
• houses standing on land included in state ownership;
• apartments owned by municipalities.

The amount of contributions is calculated based on average income indicators and is about 9 rubles per square meter, the amount depends on the category of the house. Residents municipal apartments deprived of the right to vote in the HOA (homeowners' association) and do not have the right to make any proposals for organizing and carrying out major repairs.

Overhaul Fund

A major home renovation should eliminate structural deficiencies in the housing stock. Also, the work can improve the properties of buildings. Periodic maintenance is required to help eliminate minor damage and prevent wear and tear on the foundation. This is usually scheduled repairs, which do not require large financial costs and disconnecting the house from the hot water supply.

To carry out the work, a capital repair fund must be organized, consisting of contributions and interest on them, which is used to pay for several works. Thus, the program for major repairs of common residential property is carried out with money from this fund. It is also possible to make payments on loans taken out to provide the necessary services, and to pay the developers of project documentation. If the housing is in poor condition, funds are allocated for restoration work or to pay for demolition. This decision must be made by apartment owners at a meeting. When carrying out additional work on the improvement of the building, the HOA may set an increased contribution rate.

List of major repair works

The money contributed to the capital repair fund by the owners of apartment buildings can be spent on many needs for the repair and restoration of housing. What is included in the major renovation of an apartment building? Repair of walls and facades– these are the main works during major repairs. They allow:

• carry out repairs and insulation of facades and plinths;
• glazing balconies and loggias;
• replace windows and balcony blocks for greater noise insulation;
• replace or repair the drainage system;
• repair house fire escapes;
• restore or replace roofing;
• repair house canopies;
• repair the blind area;
• repair the external walls of elevators.

Also applies to major repairs of an apartment building: work on basement and foundation restoration. To do this, money is taken from the overhaul fund to:

• repair the foundation of the house;
• treat the structural elements of the building with an antiseptic;
• repair entrances to basements;
• carry out hermetic work on interpanel seams, etc.

The next stage of each overhaul is restoration and restoration of roofs and attics. To do this you need:

• repair the attic and roof, carry out fireproofing treatment;
• treat all wooden beams with antiseptic agents;
• repair or replace pallets;
• normalize temperature;
• carry out sealing and repair work on ventilation systems;
• repair or replace parapet gratings;
• replace or repair drainpipes, etc.

Carrying out major repairs will not take place without restoration of stairs with replacement of steps and railings. It is also necessary restoration of common areas at the entrance and entrance doors , these works relate to major repairs. To do this you need:

• repair lighting in the entrance;
• repair or replace door structures;
• repair garbage chute hatches, etc.

The overhaul of an apartment building includes work on reconstruction of engineering communications. The management company must:

• repair the ventilation system;
• repair and replace the hot and cold water supply system;
• repair sewer and drainage equipment;
• repair the building's gas supply, electrical equipment, and fire protection system.

The work also includes: repair of garbage chutes, elevator equipment, finishing of walls and ceilings in entrances in case of damage. All of the above answers the question of what work is included in a major overhaul.

Who may not pay

Having learned what is included in the list of overhaul works, you need to find out who may not pay the fee. These are, first of all, tenants who do not have rights to the apartment or room in which they live. These include citizens who have entered into a lease or social tenancy agreement. This also includes persons sharing housing with the owner. People who own non-residential premises in a house are not exempt from paying contributions.

Payment of fees

Many people doubt whether it is necessary to pay for major repairs of residential buildings? Yes, you will have to pay in any case. If this is not done, then penalties cannot be avoided, which may be claimed in court by the management company. The court always satisfies such claims and obliges the debtor to pay the debt.

If there are unpaid financial obligations, the defaulter may be deprived of the right to travel abroad, be prohibited from entering into real estate transactions, and may even be subject to seizure of property. With housing and communal services debts, any citizen is deprived of benefits for utilities.

Money to create a fund may also come from other sources. In this case, funds can be used not only to pay off existing debts, but also to pay for additional work. Other sources include financial resources paid for the rental of non-residential premises and advertising placed in the building. In this case, discounts on payments for pensioners and veterans may be given.

Quality of repair

The company carrying out the repair work will monitor the quality in accordance with all requirements. Contractual obligations define standards for major repairs and safe indicators corresponding to the work carried out on home improvement. Progress is monitored either by a regional operator or by a homeowners association. Control over the overhaul also includes government bodies. While performing work, they are required to draw up lists of notifications and special accounts, and inform residents about all activities carried out.

Conclusion

Having found out what is included in the overhaul list, we can draw some conclusions. For example, the capital improvement program is financed through a special fund, partly consisting of contributions from owners. The timing depends on the service life of the materials included in the housing stock. Thus, a slate roof will become unusable after 30 years, and a cast iron pipeline will deteriorate after 40 years. Payment of contributions is mandatory for all residents; in case of arrears, court proceedings and penalties will be charged.

Carrying out major repairs is an issue that concerns each management company and any of the residents. In this article we will look at how general principles organization of major repairs, as well as certain non-obvious subtleties that will help the management company build the process more efficiently and at lower costs.

How major repairs are organized and carried out

Structural elements, engineering systems and equipment of apartment buildings gradually wear out, and therefore require periodic intervention to restore normal condition. These procedures make up the overhaul that is planned in each apartment building. The procedure for carrying it out is latest changes Let's look at it in this article.

General principles of MKD overhaul

Apartment buildings are presented with a list of sanitary and technical requirements. If current repairs do not allow the building to be brought into compliance with regulatory documents, then a major overhaul is carried out. During it, the main elements and structures of the MKD are restored or replaced.

The procedure for carrying out major repairs requires mandatory coordination of activities at a general house meeting. Until recently, residents approved everything related to:

• list of work performed;
• cost estimates;
• deadlines;
• sources of financing;
• persons accepting work from apartment owners.

In the fall of 2017, the rules for carrying out major repairs were significantly revised. In accordance with them, for example, the OSS is no longer involved in approving capital repair estimates. This applies even to those cases when the capital repair fund is formed in a special account.

The need for major repairs of residential properties is regulated by law. It must be carried out for buildings with the following wear and tear:

• wooden - from 65 percent;
• stone - from 30 to 70 percent.

How is a major overhaul carried out?

It must be remembered that in the concept of major repairs there is a distinction between its complete and selective implementation. It is selectively carried out only for part of the MKD elements that need urgent updating. Complete overhaul regulatory documents must be carried out 30 years after the house began to be used, selective - after 20 years. For structural elements of buildings, the specific service life is determined by the material of manufacture. For example, foundations, walls and ceilings can last from 30 to 80 years, and interior decoration– from 3 to 30 years.

During the construction process, each house receives a technical passport, which shows, among other things, the condition of its elements. The need for major repairs of apartment buildings is determined, among other things, based on information from this document. Whether the house needs to be repaired is decided by a special commission consisting of specialists from different departments. They preliminarily inspect the buildings and make a decision on the need for certain events.

Residents can also influence whether major repairs need to be carried out in an apartment building. Owners have the right to refuse certain work if they consider that the house can do without it. However, with regard to elevators, critical communications and important elements work will have to be carried out on the building without the consent of the apartment owners.

Raising funds to finance major repairs

Major repairs of multi-apartment residential buildings are carried out using funds collected from residents in the form of mandatory monthly contributions. Apartment owners choose one of the options for forming a capital repair fund:

• at a regional operator (in a common boiler);
• on a special account relating only to a specific house.

The main advantage of using a special account is the freedom to dispose of the funds collected on it. In this case, the residents themselves determine when major repairs will be carried out in the apartment building. They do not depend on decisions regarding the order of work taken at the regional level. The disadvantage of your own account is the need to spend time and effort on opening and maintaining it. Working with a special account is described in detail in an expert article in our magazine.

If apartment owners do not choose an independent method of collecting funds for major repairs, then the funds they regularly pay by default are sent to the regional operator. RO accumulates funds and is responsible for major repairs of common property in the apartment building, but is not involved in carrying out the work itself. The re-operator attracts the necessary contractors and ensures that they comply with deadlines and quality requirements.

Many believe that the funds sent by RO are lost to the management company and the HOA. However, in reality this is not the case. Management organizations themselves may well become contractors, that is, those who carry out major repairs. In this case, they can earn money by performing work, even if the funds for it are collected in the account of the regional operator. How exactly to do this is described in the article by the chief editor of the Management magazine apartment building" From the material you will learn:

• what needs to be done to participate in the pre-selection;
• how electronic auctions are conducted;
• What criteria are used to select the winner?

If funds are collected in a special account for a particular house, then its owner is considered to be the management organization, HOA or cooperative. In this case, the management company is more free to dispose of its own funds, since the issues of allocating them for repair work are decided by the residents themselves at the OSS. However, this does not mean that the management company always has enough money for everything.

It often happens that the State Housing Inspectorate issues an order regarding the need to repair, for example, a roof, but the accumulated funds are not enough for this. Naturally, the inspectors are not concerned with questions about how the management company will finance the repair work. The result that is important to the State Housing Inspectorate is the fulfilled order. In its absence, the responsible organization will face fines and other sanctions.

If there is not enough money, you can borrow it. This issue is addressed in which the following points are discussed:

• What are the general rules for financing capital repairs?
• how is financing carried out if work is carried out ahead of schedule;
• how to obtain a bank loan for major repairs;
• how loans are issued to owners.

The issue of lending for major repairs is arising more and more often, because not only regulatory authorities, but also the residents themselves often want to see results immediately. Some management companies and homeowners' associations are switching to the practice of using exclusively borrowed funds. They first carry out the necessary repair work, and only then begin to collect funds for them. How exactly to organize this process, in which regular contributions from residents will be used to repay the loan for repairs already made, is described in the case of the HOA “Kalininets” from the Rostov region.

Many believe that collecting funds for major repairs from residents and accumulating them in the account is an endless process, carried out from the commissioning of apartment buildings (adjusted for new buildings) to the demolition of the building. It actually works a little differently. In some cases, the collection of money may even be suspended, but this is only true for houses in which funds are accumulated in a special account.

For special accounts, regional authorities determine minimum size fund of the Kyrgyz Republic, and when it is reached, the collection can be temporarily suspended. The opinion of the owners, who have the right to increase the amount of contributions in order to carry out some additional work in the house, is also important here. The topic of stopping fees for major repairs is discussed in more detail in a special article. Among other things, you can find answers to the following questions:

• 5 cases when funds are not collected;
• how much you need to accumulate to suspend the collection of contributions;
• for how long the collection of contributions is suspended;
• Is it possible to stop collecting funds?

As an exception, mention should be made of houses to which the state is obliged to provide financial assistance in carrying out major repairs. Since the end of 2017, a special procedure has been provided for apartment buildings that needed major repairs even before the first apartment was privatized. There are few such houses in the country, but they exist, and their owners can count on government assistance. How exactly this process is organized, and what amount of assistance can be received, is described in an article in the magazine “MKD Management” for August 2018.