A house made of wood is not new on the housing market. Moreover, wooden houses were the first to appear after caves and dugouts, and their construction, it would seem, has been perfected over thousands of years in such a way that, in principle, it is impossible to come up with anything new. But such innovative products as vertical beams have changed ideas about the traditional nature of wooden housing for the better, and today houses made of vertical beams are reviving the faded interest in wood as such.

Naturi technology

This technology, called “naturi” by experts, is already about a hundred years old, and during this time its fundamentals have constantly changed and improved. At the moment, a vertical beam as a product is a very complex element, consisting of curvilinear connections along special cuts in the wood, providing a strong connection, minimal shrinkage of the structure, immunity to moisture and the absence of cracks and deformations during operation of a loaded building. According to load calculations, a house made of vertical timber, built using the naturi method, can be built 1-3 floors high without fear of its deformation or shrinkage, and the aesthetic texture of the timber allows you not to exterior finishing walls and ceilings, with the exception of the home owners’ own preferences. The figure above and below shows an individual project of a cottage built using naturi technology, as well as its floor plan.

Due to the complex cross-section of the timber (figure below), cold air encounters an insurmountable obstacle on its way in the form of labyrinths, which retain heat in the house and give the structure the highest strength. The individual elements of the timber are connected in several places using complex “groove-plank” elements. Along the plane of the wall there is additional reinforcement of the fastening of the timber with dowels (tongues), along the top and bottom of each timber element.

Also, tongue and groove reinforcements are used to strengthen the fastening of the timber; they are placed along the upper and lower beam frames, to which the main supporting structure is attached. The timber is connected to each other along the entire wall using the “groove-to-groove” method, plus additional reinforcement is made with dowels in the horizontal plane. Standard thickness vertical beam - ≥ 180 mm. This wooden construction set allows you to assemble and prepare a house for occupancy in 4-5 months. A facility with an area of ​​200 square meters is being fully erected. m.

Pros and cons of technology

1. The shrinkage of a building built using the naturi method is 50-90 times less than in a house made of horizontal timber;
2. Pins in the walls increase the strength and stability of the building;
3. Any timber absorbs moisture, but vertical timber, when swelling, only improves its wind and sound protection characteristics and increases heat conservation in the house;
4. The natural inflow and outflow of air masses is maintained, which means there is no need for forced ventilation;
5. Profiled vertical timber allows you to create projects of any architectural complexity;
6. Assembling a house using the natural method is quick and uncomplicated due to the use of standardized elements manufactured in advance at the factory;
7. There is no need to caulk or insulate the walls;
8. Build a house that uses vertical timber new technology wooden house construction, it is possible both in winter and in summer, in any weather.

Minor disadvantages:

1. Due to the high density of joints, after some time of operation, the walls swell due to air humidity, and dismantling such a house to move to another location will be problematic;
2. Modern projects using this technology are difficult to implement without professional skills.

How timber is produced

All house designs made from vertical timber involve the use of factory longitudinal cuts to prevent deformation of the elements and the entire structure. The beam is placed in a vertical position and connected with grooves and ridges, as well as dowels in monolithic structure. Before starting construction, you should make sure that the moisture content of the wood is low and that there are no defects in the timber. The timber should not be more than 12% damp.

1. Wood in the form of logs is sorted according to suitability and quality;
2. The logs are sawn to the required size, the blanks are dried using a special technology;
3. The timber is milled and drilled for dowels according to design calculations;
4. Finished products are stacked and packaged for transportation to the construction site.

Due to the complex technology, prices for such timber will always be higher than prices for solid or profiled timber, but the end result eliminates all costs.

Design and installation

Timber using natural technology is a universal element that allows you to build buildings of any geometric and architectural complexity. It is not necessary to use only one type of wood for construction - you can take different ones, which will give the house comfort and increase its functionality.

Both delivery, warehousing, storage and subsequent installation of walls are carried out without the involvement of special equipment and additional labor.

The timber is equipped with complex-shaped grooves on four sides, which make it difficult for outside air to enter the premises, which automatically makes the house much warmer compared to buildings made from other building materials.

Assembly steps:

1. The first stage of construction is the construction of a foundation and laying of strapping on it for subsequent fastening of wall beams;
2. The tongues, which will be used to fasten the frame and walls, are inserted into the holes of the frame and into the timber of the walls;
3. The end surfaces are connected by horizontal tongues at the top and bottom;
4. As the walls are raised, sheathing elements and openings for windows and doors are built into the factory grooves.

To waterproof wooden beam walls from excess moisture, several layers of roofing felt or thick polyethylene film are laid on the concrete or brick of the base of the house, and on top are strapping boards treated with antiseptic substances 50 mm thick and up to 250 mm wide. A horizontal beam measuring 250 x 100 mm is attached to this lining belt, and a vertical beam (on tongues) is attached to it on one side, and on the other, it is attached to the foundation with anchor connections.

Boards are laid on the backing belt in two rows - for strapping, and holes are drilled into the backing wood using their factory holes into which dowels are inserted. Timber for the construction of walls will be mounted on the dowels. The upper belt is built using the same method.

This rather complex technology makes building a house more expensive, but the building itself will be more durable and at the same time flexible - resistant to various kinds deformations and multi-vector loads. The temperature and humidity conditions of the operation of such a house immediately enter a phase of stability, which continues throughout the life of the building. A house kit made of vertical timber, manufactured in a factory, contains the following parts and elements:

1. Dried by special technology profiled timber of complex shape, with grooves, ridges, holes for dowels;
2. profiled wooden parts and elements for exterior and interior decoration and surface decoration;
3. Boards prepared for assembly for mounting the upper and lower trims - with holes for mating with the upper and lower connecting elements of the structure;
Wooden house kit timber house

Three main features of Naturi technology:

1. Vertical assembly of wooden elements, which is designed to completely minimize the effects of shrinkage of the building during the first months of operation;
2. The high precision of manufacturing the timber itself, milled holes and recesses, elements of the tongue-and-groove system and holes for dowels makes it possible to significantly speed up the installation of the building, since there is no need to combine and control the accuracy of the connection of all elements and parts - the process is tested at the factory, and builders are left with only assemble the constructor according to the attached project drawings;
3. Drying of wood for the manufacture of timber, as well as drying of ready-made timber, occurs using a special technology, which subsequently ensures the solidity of the walls when they swell from atmospheric moisture.

The main difference between the NATURI technology and the construction of houses from laminated or profiled timber is the complete environmental friendliness of the project, which has recently been highly valued by consumers.

The initial raw materials of the naturi technology are thin (from 80 mm) trunks of coniferous trees, which are pre-processed to remove the wood down to the core. The workpieces are first dried in natural conditions- in an open space and without direct access to sunlight, and then in a special dryer until the wood moisture content drops to the required 12%. Thus, workpieces of standard lengths of 2.5, 3.0 and 6.0 meters are obtained with high strength, they do not rot, are not damaged by insects, and absorb moisture evenly and slowly.

In addition to coniferous wood, in individual projects you can order larch or cedar to improve not only the operational parameters of the building, but also its appearance.

Russian bath- This is a great way to improve your well-being, mood, raise your health level and feel a surge of strength.
The combination of water and steam has a beneficial effect on the human body. Steam and warm water provide relaxation and cold water help activate blood vessels and muscles. Vessels receive the same load as muscles during physical activity. The sauna is also an excellent tool for relieving fatigue, cleansing the body and raising tone.
Exists various ways construction of baths, the most common is folding baths from timber or logs horizontally. We decided to break the system and stereotypes by building a bathhouse from vertical timber.
Many already know that the main disadvantage of wood is long shrinkage, due to which construction is delayed for a long time. If you build a bathhouse from timber, positioning it vertically, then there will be no shrinkage in height, which means you can begin building the roof and roofing work, installing windows and doing interior decoration. It turns out that you can quickly build a bathhouse in the shortest possible time and not be afraid of wood shrinkage.
They decided to build the bathhouse on a columnar foundation (link), the first row was laid horizontally, having previously been generously coated with drying oil

Columnar foundation for a bathhouse 6-2 meters

The first row of timber for a bath 6*2 meters

Then they placed four beams vertically in each corner, the height of each “pencil” beam was 2 meters. Another 50 mm board soaked in the same drying oil was thrown on top. And they twisted the structure together.

After which we can start working on our “pencil” blanks, we cut the timber 2 meters high and each side of the timber was passed with an electric planer so that the timber was perfectly even and the gaps between them were very minimal, I would like to note that the timber was dry! !!

One side of the beam was covered with jute using a construction stapler, grabbing our so-called pencil up and down.

The beams were tightened together with 150 mm gold-plated self-tapping screws, the thickness of the beam was 120 mm
For greater reliability and strength, 75 mm screws were driven from top to bottom

In the end, we get this picture, a bathhouse assembled from vertically placed timber...

Do-it-yourself bathhouse made of vertical folded timber 3*2 meters

Those who have read this article up to this point are probably asking themselves the question, but the timber will still dry out?! Yes, this is a tree and it has the property of shrinking and expanding; during construction, let me remind you that dry timber was used once again, but there is no such thing as a perfectly dry timber and cracks will appear over time between vertically installed beams, so we used jute, which will help us minimize the gaps between our pencils . Well, it’s worth noting that the inside of the bathhouse will be upholstered with clapboards and in winter they won’t steam in it, this summer option. A big plus of this technology The problem is that the construction time is very fast and, most importantly, everything can be done alone without resorting to help. Minimal heat loss!

Have questions? Write!

Wooden houses firmly occupy the construction niche of individual developers due to their environmental friendliness, naturalness, original exterior and low cost of construction and operation. Log houses are one of the promising trends, and vertical timber occupies a special place in the line of recommended lumber. An option for building a house from vertical timber is the naturi technology. What is it, and why is vertical timber preferable to traditional horizontal timber?

Advantages of Naturi technology

1. When making lumber for a log house, only solid wood is used, often from northern species, which gives the timber strength and density;
2. The building's resistance to mechanical and seismic loads ensures safe living and operation of housing;
3. Excellent sound insulation and wear resistance of building surfaces;
4. Construction without harmful toxic adhesives and thermal insulation layers, environmentally friendly;
5. Durable installation using the tongue-and-groove method;
6. The absence of shrinkage when laying timber vertically ensures quick construction and an equally quick start to use the house.

House projects

The difference between naturi technology and other methods wood construction consists of only three points, but they provide all the benefits mentioned above:

1. Vertical assembly of structures completely eliminates shrinkage of the building frame;
2. High precision factory manufacturing of house elements ensures the correct geometry of the object and high speed building assembly;
3. Lack of glued parts and layers of timber;
4. Minimum humidity due to chamber drying timber is the sequential transformation of prefabricated elements into a single structural mass. As it is used, all wood used in construction gains moisture equally, and therefore swells equally, which contributes to a stronger adhesion of elements and structures to each other.

Advantages of assembling from vertical timber over housing from horizontal elements:

1. Wood shrinks 80 times less along the fibers than in the transverse direction;
2. Dowels (dowels) are considered the strongest connection of wooden elements, which affects the strength of the house;
3. Dry timber, collecting moisture during operation finished house, is compacted, which improves sound insulation, wind protection and thermal indicators building;
4. A house made of vertical timber does not require forced ventilation due to the existing natural air exchange;
5. Projects of houses made of vertical timber can be of any shape and complexity;
6. Unified parts allow you to mount the frame several times faster.

The raw material for naturi technology is thin coniferous logs. On sanded logs, the soft outer part of the wood is removed, leaving only the core, and it is cut into boards of standard lengths - 2.5 meters, 3 and 6 meters. The workpieces are dried first naturally - in air without exposure to sunlight, and then in a drying chamber. At the output, the moisture content of the lumber should not exceed 12%.

When finishing such a house from vertical timber, you can use larch for the external walls, and cedar for the internal surfaces, which, in addition to its beautiful texture, has medicinal properties thanks to the phytoncides contained in its wood. In any case, house projects made from vertical timber will cost the developer less in the long run due to longer operation, so prices for material and construction are not the main thing in the choice of material and project.

The factory kit of a house using naturi technology includes the following profiled elements:

1. Milled profiled timber;
2. Complex milled elements for exterior and interior decoration of buildings;
3. Board for bottom and top harness, on which the roof and walls are attached;
4. Dowels or dowels for connecting timber to each other and to the frame;
5. Finish profile.

The entire vertical beam, a new technology of wooden house construction used in naturi, is a complex milled wooden profile with precisely aligned holes for tongues at the ends and along the length of the element. What it looks like is shown in the first picture.

Wooden elements for finishing a house are flat on the outside and profiled on the inside. Assembly accuracy is ensured by computer programming of all elements followed by 3-D visualization of the assembly process. Therefore, the construction of such a house involves a collection of elements tightly fitted to each other, and there are practically no disadvantages of such installation. The elements are multi-purpose, that is, they can be used to assemble walls of different thicknesses, as well as partitions or horizontal planes.

Double-row timber walls have a thickness of 300 mm, three-row – 400 mm. Typical projects have single-row partitions with a minimum thickness of 100 mm and a maximum thickness of 200 mm.

Wall assembly

Even treated timber requires protection from moisture. And this is done by laying several layers on the foundation waterproofing material. In addition, additional protection of the timber from rotting is provided by backing boards measuring 50 x 250 mm, impregnated with an antiseptic. The first horizontal row of timber with a standard section of 250 x 100 mm is laid on the boards, and this entire multilayer structure is attached to the base with anchors.

The next step in installation is laying two rows of boards for strapping on the timber. The boards, like the beams, have pre-prepared holes for tongues, which are used as a template in further assembly, and in the lower beam the holes need to be drilled according to this template, and tongues Ø 25 mm must be inserted into them. The tongues secured in this way will be the axis for the wall beam. The upper part of the beam is also secured with tongues and strapping. In addition to these elements, support beams are installed, to which the upper trim board will be attached.

Then the beams are put one at a time on the tongues - with the lower end, and its upper part is fixed in place with the same tongue-and-groove dowel in the upper trim. For all these operations, there are factory holes in the elements. All wall beams are equipped with four holes for fastening with tongues. Holes are drilled on the axial edges of the beam.

Therefore, it turns out that all the beams are connected not only at the top and bottom, but also in two places with each other, the design of the prefabricated wall turns out to be quite rigid and dense. Does not require the use of additional fastening and insulation. The facing elements are inserted into factory grooves, which are obtained by connecting two beams.

NATURI technology allows you to create house designs up to three floors high, and such buildings will be assembled without additional hardware and fastenings, but will be just as strong.

Also, the vertical beam provides such nuances as stove heating what is important for country house. In this case, all necessary changes are made to the project on initial stage its development.

Construction materials offered modern market, diverse and universal. Construction houses made of vertical timber - a new trend, which appeared in Russia relatively recently.

It is believed that vertical construction technology originated in Austria, where climatic conditions in the mountains, with strong winds and plenty of snow, required special qualities from housing. The house must be warm and resistant to moisture, wind, and snow.

Often houses made of vertical timber are also called Norwegian. It is believed that the Norwegian poor built their houses from logs that were sawn on both sides. The cross-section of the blank for construction did not resemble either a beam or a log. The two straight sides were longer than the other two, rounded. They could be laid both vertically and horizontally. The wider side of the workpiece section helped to save on the amount of material. And the remaining material, cut from the logs, was used to construct the roof.

Norwegian house, its advantages

This style of construction is practical solution. Wooden blanks, located vertically, do not shrink, therefore, during the construction of Norwegian houses there is no post-shrinkage period.

This quickly erected houses, their construction and commissioning takes place within several months.

Blanks for construction are made from wooden raw materials dried to a certain moisture level, and represent a prefabricated structure of several elements. Between workpiece elements air cavities appear, which makes such a house warmer. A house made of vertical timber is 1.5 times warmer than a house made of laminated veneer lumber and 2 times warmer than a house made of rounded logs.

All workpieces are processed on a planing and milling machine and have a flat and smooth surface. Such the houses do not need further finishing other than protecting the wood.

During the production of blanks not used adhesive compositions , these are environmentally friendly houses.

Blanks can be made from several types of wood and combined in one structure. For example, the outer part of the house can be made of larch, which is highly resistant to moisture. And the interior of the house can be made of cedar, known for its healing properties and high in antioxidants.
Pine can also be used to produce vertical timber.

The blanks are very light, one workpiece can be carried by one person, which allows build houses in hard-to-reach places for equipment.

The use of vertical timber as a new and modernized trend

Construction wooden houses made of vertical timber was actively used in Europe in the 30s - years of the 20th century. Since then, the materials used to create them have been improved and modified over the years, improving their quality characteristics.
Construction low-rise buildings based on wooden blanks, in particular from vertical timber, is still in demand today, and is actively offered by modern construction companies.
When using this material, a structure of any size and area is obtained, which is highly resistant to natural and mechanical loads.
It is worth noting high thermal insulation performance of cottages, created on the basis of Norwegian technology. Modern blanks have a complex cross section, which distinguishes them from other building materials.

Construction is carried out using parts with special cuts on all sides.

Natural air enters them, significantly increasing thermal performance indicators finished house.

It is difficult for cold street air to penetrate indoors.
The elements are connected through several groove-plank connections, which makes the wall made of vertical timber monolithic. Additional fastening of elements is carried out using dowels, bottom and top of each vertical beam blank. Pins are placed in the lower and upper strapping bars. The vertical beams are fastened together with a “groove-to-groove” connection and are additionally tightened horizontally with dowels.
The thickness of the workpiece can be different, but not less than 180 mm.
Due to the low weight of the beams, their transportation, loading and unloading does not cause any difficulties. Enough noted fast construction time such, for example, in 5 months an object with an area of ​​200 square meters is completely erected. m.

Disadvantages of houses made from vertical timber

The construction of the described objects is unusual and in demand, but it involves practical application of specialized equipment and installations. The only way Norwegian projects houses can be fully realized.

When building from vertical beams, it is necessary to use guide elements that are fixed in their upper and lower parts. Therefore, such technology does not make it possible to create a cottage with a luxurious attic. The result will be an object with one, two full floors, the house project will be very laconic in its layout.

Step-by-step production of vertical bars:

• sorting and selection of raw materials, checking their quality indicators;
• subsequent cutting into workpieces of the required sizes;
• the stage of drying the resulting workpieces under special conditions is mandatory;
• carrying out milling work;
• creating technological holes in already prepared material by drilling;
• final laying and packaging of vertical workpieces.

That is The process of creating the blanks themselves is time-consuming. Based on the costs incurred for their production, the blanks cannot be cheap.

The technology itself for constructing houses from vertical timber is interesting and seeks to reduce the disadvantages of wooden housing construction to a minimum.

It is known that the weather conditions of the mountainous regions of Austria largely coincide with the climatic conditions of the temperate zone of Russia (with clearly defined four seasons). It is not surprising that projects involving the use of vertical timber are widely applicable and quite in demand.

Every private developer, at the initial stage of planning to build his own home, must make a decisive (and therefore often painful) choice: what to build the house from.

What options are available today:

• stone or brick;
• concrete (including gas and foam concrete);
• wooden frame made of rounded logs or timber;
• frame house.

The disadvantages of brick and stone housing construction are the following circumstances:

• the need to build a powerful
• quite a long period of time for building a house frame;
• long cycle of finishing work.

All this greatly increases the cost of construction and does not allow you to move into the house for quite a long time. As for wood, wooden houses are cheaper, quick to build and do not require insulation. You can move into such a house right away, but usually the log house is kept for a year and only after shrinkage occurs. Therefore, it will not be possible to quickly celebrate a housewarming party either. In addition, for wooden house Temperature and humidity conditions are very important.

The way out is to build frame house, which is practically not subject to shrinkage. But, I must say, such houses, built according to modern technologies, quite expensive.

Not long ago, our construction market was replenished with another technology, still little known - NATURI. The cost of such projects is more expensive than houses from ordinary timber or logs and frame houses, but cheaper than houses made of SIP panels, as well as brick and stone.

What is special about NATURI technology?

This construction technology has three main features:

1. Vertical installation of elements, eliminating shrinkage of the house frame.
2. Thanks to the factory preparation of high-precision elements, the installation of a house resembles assembling a puzzle from three-dimensional elements.
3. When preparing timber for the home, a high degree of drying. This is done so that, by picking up moisture after installation, the individual elements, swelling, turn the wall into a single mass.

Unlike the use of laminated veneer lumber, NATURI technology does not use glue and is absolutely environmentally friendly.

The raw materials for this technology are thin tree trunks. Usually this is pine and spruce. The bark and soft part of the wood are removed from them, leaving a strong core. The timber is then cut to length. Typically these are blanks 2.5, 3 and 6 m long.

The logs are dried first in air and then in a drying chamber. The humidity of the prepared elements is no more than 12%.
At the request of the client, elements outer skin can be made from larch, which practically does not rot. And for interior cladding elements, cedar is often used, which has excellent external characteristics and contributes to the release of useful substances into the atmosphere of the house.

The main elements of this house kit are the following types of profiled elements:

• dry profiled timber of a special shape;
• profiled elements of external and internal finishing;
• boards for the top and bottom trim;
• wooden dowels, which are used to fasten the beams to the strapping board and to each other;
• final cladding profile.

Profiled timber is a complex profile with holes for dowels at the ends and along the length.
The finishing elements are flat with outside and profiled from the inside. The profile is chosen in such a way as to tightly connect to the wall beams.

These elements can be used to build walls of various thicknesses, usually two-row walls with a thickness of 300 mm, and three-row walls with a thickness of 400 mm.

Single row, 200 mm thick. The thinnest structures, 100 mm thick, are assembled from two cladding profiles. All elements fit together perfectly.

How the walls are installed

For that wooden walls from moisture, on concrete or brick foundation waterproofing is laid, and lining boards with a cross section of 250 * 50 mm are specially treated with an antiseptic on it. A beam with a cross section of 250*100 mm is mounted on them and the whole pie is secured to the foundation using anchor bolts.

Two rows of boards are laid on the beam, intended to be the lining of the walls. Since the boards already have holes for the dowels, using them as a template, holes are drilled in the backing beam and dowels with a diameter of 25 mm are driven into them. Subsequently, wall beams will be “put on” these dowels. They are fixed from above with upper strapping boards and dowels.

1. The beam is placed with its lower end on a dowel fixed in the lower harness.
2. Then, lightly tapping with a hammer, put its upper part in place, which is immediately fixed with a dowel, driving it into the hole in the upper trim, which coincides with the hole in the end part of the beam.
3. The beams forming the wall have 4 holes along the length for dowels. They are located on the edges, which will be directed along the wall axis. With the help of these holes, adjacent beams are connected to each other with two dowels, which gives the wall greater rigidity.
4. The cladding parts are installed in grooves formed between two adjacent beams.

What else you need to know about NATURI technology

If the house has e, then it is better to build a stove at the initial stage of construction in order to avoid problems with passing the chimney through the ceilings and roof structures.

The technology has whole line advantages in comparison with building a house from horizontal elements:

• Due to the fact that the shrinkage of wood along the grain is 50 to 80 times less than across it, the house does not require holding time for shrinkage.
• Dowel connections contribute to increased stability of the building.
• The timber, which swells during operation, forms an array with high levels of wind and noise protection and improves the energy efficiency of the house.
• Thanks to the full walls, natural air exchange is maintained in the house; forced ventilation is not required.
• Buildings of any shape can be constructed from profiled elements.
• The installation process is fast, thanks to the unification of factory elements.
• It is possible to carry out construction at any time of the year and in any climate zone.
• NATURI technology has good compatibility with frame structures.

The disadvantages of the technology include the following circumstances:

• Due to swelling, the walls turn almost into a monolith, so it is impossible to dismantle and transport such a building to another place.
• The construction technology itself requires high professionalism of the construction team.

The NATURI technology for constructing wooden houses allows you to build a house in a short time without having to wait for the frame to shrink. In this case, caulking of walls and others are not required.