Description

Common wolfberry (Lycium barbarum), or Ningxia gouqi 寧夏枸杞 (Ningxiang wolfberry), - thorny bush up to 3.5 m high from the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It grows wild in China, the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese Islands. Cultivated in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (central China) and other provinces. Dereza also grows in Russia (in the foothills of Altai), but Russian dereza has black berries, for which it is also called wolfberry(“wolfberry” is a popular name for a number of plants with black berries).

For many centuries, goji berries have been used in traditional Asian medicine as a tonic. It is believed that they improve the functioning of the liver and kidneys, relieve headaches, dizziness and tinnitus, and have a beneficial effect on the circulatory and nervous systems. Goji berries are also used in cooking as a seasoning for vegetable and meat dishes; an alcoholic drink is also made from goji.

However, in recent years, the popularity of the “berry of longevity” and the “cure for a hundred diseases” has gone beyond the Celestial Empire and reached a global scale. People have been actively talking about the amazing properties of goji since 2004, when information appeared in the Australian magazine "Bazar" that these berries have anti-cellulite properties. A year later, the American newspaper Los Angeles Times published an article talking about the anti-cancer properties of berries, the presence of a wide range of vitamins and other useful substances in them. The aggressive marketing campaign attracted close attention from doctors, and denials and revelations began. But despite this, dried wolfberry fruits have firmly taken their place in the diet of healthy food lovers.

The composition of the goji plant includes: betanin, steroid saponins, flavonoids, carotene, rutin, zeaxanthin, lutein, nicotinic acid, vitamins B and C, polysaccharides, daucosterol, amino acids, macroelements, microelements, polyphenols.

Properties of Chinese wolfberry: restorative, antioxidant, tonic, anti-infective, immune-strengthening. With the help of goji, you can improve hematopoietic function, normalize the functioning of cerebral vessels, kidney function, blood sugar levels, and reduce high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood and liver.

As a general strengthening and medicine Pour 1 tablespoon of berries into a glass of boiling water, cover with a lid and leave for 20-30 minutes (can be brewed in a thermos).

The drink turns out to be transparent, light yellowish-pink in color - delicate, light, sweet, with a taste reminiscent of dried apricot compote, with a slight berry sourness and a subtle fruity aroma. You can drink it on its own or use it as an additive to shu pu-erh or herbal tonic preparations.

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Every year people are starting to think more and more about their health, as well as their appearance. In this regard, they begin to look for certain sources to accomplish this. However, not long ago, berries such as Tibetan barberry became famous on the world market. Despite this, in Tibet and China, they have been known for quite a long time, and people used them in folk medicine. With all this, it was carried out a large number of various studies, as a result of which scientists were stunned by what a wonderful set of components such berries possess. In this article we will tell you more about the Tibetan barberry. These berries have quite a lot of names, for example, wolfberry, goji berries, barberry, etc.

In terms of external characteristics, the berry may resemble a raisin, but in appearance it has a reddish-orange color, and in shape it is slightly larger in size. The plant belongs to the nightshade family and is a creeping shrub in appearance. The berries, as mentioned earlier, contain a rather surprising amount of useful substances, which include polysaccharides, amino acids, and only 21 minerals were found, which is extremely important. You can also give an example that Tibetan barberry contains 500 times more vitamin C than citrus fruits, and the iron content is approximately 15 times higher than spinach. These berries contain 4 unique polysaccharides, which are no longer found in any plant, these include: LBP 1, 2,3 and 4, as well as a chemical element such as germanium.

I would like to note that this plant has a fairly large number of varieties, which, for example, you can find in our country, but the most miraculous properties are contained only in those that grow in Tibet and the Himalayas at an altitude of one thousand meters.

Beneficial properties of Tibetan barberry

Being a fairly powerful antioxidant, Tibetan barberry is able to prolong life, neutralizes the effects of radicals, keeps the human body youthful, and therefore they are also called “berries of longevity.” With proper consumption of such berries, you thereby preserve the youth of your internal organs. These berries also have the following properties: increase human sexual activity, reduce sugar and cholesterol levels, normalize sleep, normalize kidney function, improve human memory, strengthen the heart and vascular walls.

Goji can stimulate the activity of immune cells, contribute to increased body resistance to certain diseases, and activate the body's defenses. One of the most popular uses of these berries in Chinese folk medicine is to eliminate vision problems by consuming such berries.

It is important that goji can also prevent the appearance of tumors, which is facilitated by a mineral such as germanium, which is contained in these berries. Many studies have been conducted in which it has been proven that barberry is able to inhibit the growth of tumors, and also promotes recovery after operations.

Tibetan goji barberry cultivation

Now we'll talk about modern way restoration of metabolism. What is needed to renew your worldview. Take measures to limit yourself from a breakdown, since a breakdown can undermine even the most powerful health.
Increase your attention to cleansing the liver of parasites. The cardiac system must endure everything in reserve. Have a healthy weight. It is important to prepare the motor so that it can bear the load if necessary. Old age will not be present if the organs do not refuse to fulfill vital functions as nature intended.

Goji (Tibetan barberry). Experience of growing from seeds.

Goji – amazing plant. Its berries have a unique composition. But all this information can be read on the Internet. I was interested in growing such a beauty from seeds. And as it turned out, everything is quite simple. Fill the pot with any loose substrate (regular store-bought), spread the seeds over the surface, lightly sprinkle with soil, water and place in a sunny place. Goji shoots appeared very quickly (literally within a week). If the seeds are fresh, then the germination rate is 100%. As soon as the first leaves unfurled, I sprinkled it with phytosporin. As it grew, I fed it with humate and fertilizer for flower plants. Having reached 5-10 centimeters in size, the freedom-loving “Tibetan” flatly refused to grow on the windowsill. And I didn’t do anything with it: I poured it into separate cups, fed it, everything was useless. The leaves withered, then dried out and the plants died one after another. The surviving seedlings were urgently planted in open ground. And then a miracle happened. Little gojiks, having felt contact with the ground with their roots, began to grow rapidly. Now my babies are only in their second year. They are already the size of a man and are actively trying to bloom. The plant itself is a bit like a willow: thin drooping branches, elongated leaves. They were planted one in a sunny place, the other in partial shade.

How to grow Tibetan barberry in your garden?

If you want to grow an interesting shrub in your garden or dacha that will be a wonderful landscape decoration, then you should pay attention to a plant with the mystical name Shambhala or Tibetan barberry. Botanists call it common or barbary wolfberry (Lycium barbarum). This shrub is usually 3-4 meters high and has arched, drooping branches that grow to a length of about 2 meters. Lilac flowers wolf trees that delight the eye summer period, and from September and closer to winter they are replaced by orange or coral-colored berries. Barberry, the cultivation of which is very popular in modern gardening, is loved because this shrub can decorate any corner of the garden, in the country, it is easy to care for, and will also provide fragrant and healthy berries.

Growing barberry

Interestingly, a variety of barberry such as Chinese wolfberry (Lycium chinense) is not shrubby plant. This is a vine with climbing stems, reaching up to four meters in height. This particular type of goji is called a “female aphrodisiac”, thanks to the tonic effect of its berries on female libido.

Barberry is cultivated everywhere, despite its eastern roots, as it is a hardy, unpretentious foliage plant with a rich color scheme grown not only for its medicinal properties. but also widely used to decorate garden plots, dachas and urban landscape compositions Moreover, it also does not require special care.

Types of barberry

There are more than 400 species of barberry. Most of them have thorns, but there are also varieties without thorns. This feature should definitely be taken into account when choosing a wolfberry variety to grow in your garden, especially if there are small children in the family. Also, when choosing a variety of this plant, you should take into account the natural conditions of your region. We present to your attention the most popular varieties barberry:

• Japanese barberry or Thunberga - the most popular landscape view. Its bright green leaves turn reddish-orange in the fall and produce small coral berries in the winter. Reaches from 3 to 6 meters in height.
• Barberry Juliana is an evergreen shrub with very thorny branches, reaching 10 meters in height. The green leaves turn bronze in winter and turn yellow in spring. Its winter berries are oval shaped and blue, almost black in color. Growing this type of goji is often justified where it is necessary to create a living green fence or barrier.
• Barberry Mentor - This type of barberry in cool climates loses its leaves in winter. His spring flowers very small, and it does not bear fruit in winter.

Care, planting and growing barberry

It is not difficult to grow Tibetan and other types of barberry, including from cuttings, and caring for them is completely simple - after planting, you are unlikely to have to worry about the bush at all. But, nevertheless, it is necessary to know some features of reproduction, planting and care.

1. Barberry grows in almost all types of soil, even clayey ones. At the same time, it prefers sandy soils; care consists of timely watering.
2. The shrub is also unpretentious in terms of soil composition, but does not really favor soils with an acidic reaction.
3. If you want to receive large fruits goji. then it should be planted in well-drained soil.
4. The plant requires a moderate amount of water and grows well both in sunny areas (can withstand temperatures up to 30 C) and shaded areas - the care is the same.
5. As a rule, there is no need to fertilize barberry throughout the year, but the bush will gratefully respond to the addition of organic and mineral fertilizers to the planting hole (40x40x40 cm).
6. When planting, it is necessary to take into account the ability of goji to grow quickly, displacing other plants and occupying an increasingly larger area.
7. The use of chemicals can negatively affect the beneficial and nutritional properties of barberry berries, so if you want to get healing fruits, you should not use chemical fertilizers.
8. If you plan to use barberry as an element landscape design, then, of course, basic care must be supplemented with pruning, which should be carried out at least twice a year. By the way, pruning has a beneficial effect on growth and appearance bush.
9. It is imperative to remove dry leaves and berries (especially on goji bushes) in the summer and winter months.
10. Since Tibetan barberry is resistant to various kinds diseases and pests, then it develops quite quickly, therefore it is quite easy to grow it.

Barberry propagation

The shrub can be propagated in the following ways:

• Seeds. The seeds collected in the fall (one wolfberry contains about 10 pieces) are sown in early spring in small containers for seedlings - 5-6 per one. The soil in pots must be well drained and always moist before seeds grow. Approximately 2-3 weeks after germination of the sprouts, watering can be reduced. You should not keep future seedlings in a well-lit place - sunlight can inhibit its growth. The sprouts should be picked after two leaves appear. With this method of propagation, wolfberry blooms for the first time in the second year, and produces the first goji berries only after 3-4 years, if it receives appropriate care.
• Cuttings. To quickly get the long-awaited berries, it is better to grow from cuttings. To do this, it is necessary to plant one- or two-year-old shoots (cuttings) with 3 to 5 buds at least 10 cm long in a sand-peat (1:1) mixture in the summer. And by autumn there will already be the first large shoots from the cuttings.
• Vegetative. Since wolfberry produces very abundant root shoots, dividing the bush is the easiest and most effective method of propagation of this shrub, which avoids artificial reproduction.

How to grow Tibetan barberry indoors?

By the way, Shambhala successfully propagates from seeds and cuttings, grows and bears fruit indoors. To do this you will need: a planting pot, seeds or seedlings, soil and drainage mixtures and organic fertilizers. Shrubs should receive enough water, and you should provide them with at least 8 hours of sunlight (or special lighting) per day.

One thing to consider when growing goji indoors is important nuance– pollination. In an enclosed space, flowers will not be able to pollinate on their own - this means that you must help them do this.

It's not as difficult as it seems: just point the flowers one at another and gently press them. That is: regular watering, sufficient light and pollination - that’s all you need to care for barberry growing on your windowsill at home.

Why is it worth growing goji at your dacha?

Even in Ancient Babylon, barberry was used as a medicine to “purify the blood,” as evidenced by clay tablets of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal. The medicinal use of such berberine-containing plants in China dates back more than 3 thousand years.

Beneficial properties of barberry berries and shoots

• Antibacterial and antifungal properties. Many studies have shown that barberry kills microorganisms of various origins: staphylococci and streptococci, salmonella and shigella, Entamoeba histolytica - the causative agent of dysentery, giardia, vaginal yeast infections of the Candida type.
• Immunostimulating properties. Because berberine is able to inhibit the growth of bacteria in test tubes and stimulate the growth of macrophages (white blood cells that destroy microorganisms), barberry is an excellent human immune system booster.
• Anti-inflammatory properties for infections of the urinary, biliary tract, and gastrointestinal tract.
• Antipyretic properties.
• General strengthening properties. Berberine is used in China to treat blood cell depression caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
• Sedative properties.
• Choleretic properties are perhaps the fundamental property of barberry, which has a cleansing effect on the liver.
• Hypotensive property (lowering blood pressure).

In addition to the above beneficial properties barberry, its use is justified:

• for skin infections and even, as a study by German scientists shows, for the treatment of acne and psoriasis;
• berberine is able to destroy and promote the dispersion of mucous accumulations, which is effective in the treatment of bronchial infections;
• is able to improve blood circulation, therefore useful for people suffering from ventricular heart defects;
• as part of an eye ointment it is effective in the fight against conjunctivitis.

It is known that the Chinese Li Kin Yen lived to be two hundred and fifty-two years old, thanks to the fact that he ate this berry three times a day.

Growing goji from seeds: Tibetan barberry

Answering the question of how to grow Goji from seeds, it should be noted that, in principle, growing Goji from seeds is not such a difficult process, since the plant is not considered very capricious.

Goji is such an amazing Tibetan plant that prefers good lighting, although it can withstand slight darkening and various weather vagaries without problems.

In principle, due to the fact that the Goji berry comes from Tibet, where there are often long rains, strong winds or frosts, such a bush plant can withstand such conditions. At the same time, the berry can feel great even in city conditions and responds well to such a procedure as a haircut.

That is why Goji can be grown from seeds even in our climatic conditions. A plant that was grown from seeds may bloom in the second year, although there may not be a harvest. Since most often this young plant capable of producing a harvest only in the third or even fourth year of existence.

When answering the question of how to grow Goji from seeds, it is worth clarifying that such an amazing plant, which was grown in a similar way, is in no way capable of competing in taste qualities and aroma with Goji berries brought from Tibet.

The seeds of this Tibetan berry are quite small and it is precisely due to the presence of a thin shell that they do not need such a procedure as scarification in order to obtain fairly fast and friendly shoots. After extracting the seeds from fresh Goji berries, it is recommended to soak them for several hours in a solution such as epin or zircon. As a result of these steps, seeds can be sown in moist and slightly loose soil.

It is preferable to use neutral soil mixtures in this situation. Due to the fact that plants of this type from seeds need constant moisture during germination, the container with seeds must be covered with film.

At the same time, the light in in this case is a very important indicator for quick and efficient growth Tibetan barberry. Sudden changes in temperature are not allowed here. And the period of seed germination can reach approximately two weeks.

Thus, from all of the above we can conclude that Tibetan barberry today can be grown from seeds even at home. of course, if certain rules are followed.

More information

Few people know what conditions goji berries require, however, planting and caring for the plant requires a careful and responsible approach. If you follow certain recommendations, you can grow a shrub in your garden. Thus, you will receive a real Tibetan healer for personal use, because the fruits of the bush have numerous healing properties, which are successfully used in the treatment of various diseases.

Propagation by seeds

Another name for the goji plant is Tibetan barberry, common wolfberry. The shrub reproduces in several ways - by seeds and vegetatively. It depends on whether the person has the opportunity to find mature plant to cut a small branch from it.

Goji seeds are best collected from fresh berries. Since the tree is mainly distributed in Tibet, this will be quite problematic. However, you can also use dry fruit, the seeds of which retain important properties and are characterized by high germination due to their thin outer shell.

Before sowing, the material should be soaked in a growth stimulator for several hours to increase the chances of success. For this purpose, you can use any available drug - Zircon, Epin, etc.

You must first prepare suitable soil- mix 2 parts earth, 1 part peat and add a little wood ash. The soil should be placed in a shallow box, moistened well and small grooves made. The seeds are sown at a distance of about 1-2 cm from each other and sprinkled with a thin layer of peat, the height of which should not exceed 0.5 cm.

Goji berry "New Big"

To create elevated temperature and the humidity necessary for rapid germination, it is advisable to cover the box with plastic wrap and place it in a warm place. As soon as the first shoots appear, you need to move the container to a windowsill or other bright place.

The soil needs to be watered regularly. This must be done using a special sprayer so that the soil is moistened evenly and gently. This is necessary so as not to accidentally damage weak shoots. As soon as 4-5 leaves appear on the seedlings, each plant should be transplanted into a separate cup. Since wolfberry is characterized by a developed root system, 500 ml containers should be used for picking.

It is advisable to plant common wolfberry in open ground no earlier than May. This will eliminate the adverse effects of spring frosts on fragile goji plants. The hole must correspond to the volume of the glass in which the seedlings grew, since the plant must be moved together with all the soil.

Vegetative propagation

A very simple way to propagate wolfberries is by cuttings or rooting lower shoots. It is available only to those people whose relatives or neighbors grow this plant.

Growing shrubs using cuttings means that in July you should cut lignified shoots about 10 cm long. You need to make sure that each part contains at least 4-5 buds and at least 1-2 cm of old bark.

All cuttings must be dipped in a growth stimulator and planted in a greenhouse or greenhouse. This is where they are present optimal conditions for rooting shoots. Ideal soil- a mixture of peat and sand. Shoots must be buried at least 3-4 cm in order for a sufficiently powerful plant to form. root system.

Most easy way propagation of shrubs - digging in the top or lower stems. The shoot, located underground, must be watered regularly to create sufficient moisture. In addition, this will allow roots to form faster. You need to separate the new plant from the mother bush in early or mid-autumn in order to transplant it to permanent place and cover well to prevent freezing.

Choosing a site for goji berries and planting features

Tibetan barberry grows well in any soil. It can be slightly acidic or highly alkaline soil, which does not affect the development of the bush at all.

The area for goji berries should be sunny, as the plant loves bright sunlight. You cannot place the bush in a lowland, as it reacts poorly to stagnant water. Optimal time planting is in spring, but with the vegetative propagation method, after separation from the mother bush, the seedling must be immediately planted in a permanent place.

To ensure optimal conditions for rapid growth and the development of goji berries, you first need to prepare a special hole up to 40 cm deep and about 50-55 cm wide. Fertilizers should be poured into the bottom - 150-200 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate or wood ash, as well as about 10 kg of humus or peat . Mix all ingredients well. Deepen the roots of the seedlings slightly into the resulting soil and sprinkle with soil on top.

When growing Tibetan barberry from seedlings landing pit will be much less, depending on the volume of the root system.

It is advisable to have at least 2 plants in 1 plot to achieve successful fruit set. This is due to the fact that the bush is cross-pollinated.

Care and fertilization

Planting and caring for goji berries in the Moscow region involves the use of the same measures that are carried out in other regions. The main feature is shelter for the winter, which is due to at different times the onset of frost and its intensity.

You need to care for the plant constantly, but especially in the first year after planting. This is the most important period, on which future fruiting largely depends. In the absence of precipitation, it is necessary to water young bushes, loosen the soil for sufficient penetration of oxygen into the soil, remove weeds, and apply fertilizer to the ground. In general, Tibetan barberry is very unpretentious and grows very well. There is no need to treat the bush with insecticides, since it is extremely rarely affected by pests.

Fertilizing is applied only at the time of planting, further enriching the soil nutrients It is advisable to carry out once a year, preferably in the spring. For this purpose, you can use special ready-made mixtures containing potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, and also use organic fertilizers in the form of compost.

An important part of caring for the common wolfberry is pruning and shaping the bush. There are 2 options for carrying out this work - classic and 1 stem:

1. Classic pruning. In the first year of the growing season, 3-4 of the most powerful branches should be left, the rest should be completely removed. This principle must be adhered to over the next 2-3 years. Starting from the 4th year of growing season, on each main branch it is necessary to leave 3-4 shoots (fruit arms) 20-40 cm long. Such pruning will have a stimulating effect on the intensity of growth of new stems and thus the formation of a rich harvest.
2. Pruning to 1 stem. It makes it possible to grow not a bush, but a small tree. The essence of the method is to leave only 1 branch on the plant and remove the rest. To prevent the goji berry from falling, it must be tied up immediately, since it must reach at least 1.5-2 m in height. In the future, pruning of the plant is carried out in a classical way, the main principle of which is the complete removal of weak, lower and thin branches.

Pruning a goji plant is very similar to shaping grapes, and if garden plot If you eat this berry, there will be no problems with Tibetan barberry.

In the first year of the growing season, the common wolfberry must be covered with spruce branches, tops or any other similar material. After all, a young plant can withstand frosts only down to -15°C. Subsequently, the goji berry grows quite thick wood and its frost resistance increases significantly (up to -30°C).

Having grown Tibetan barberry in a garden or summer cottage, you will get an unusual plant that has a lot of useful properties.

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