Based on popular belief, about 30 types of hyacinths are found in nature, but some classify them all as one species, which includes many varieties. Be that as it may, garden hyacinth comes from Oriental hyacinth and its varieties.

Varieties and types

In its natural form oriental hyacinth is a bulbous perennial up to 30 cm tall, with shiny or matte belt-shaped leaves up to 20 cm long, bright green and fragrant flowers in the form of bells of various colors. Flowers form inflorescence-tassels of 12-35 pieces. The flowering period begins in the last days of spring and lasts 10-15 days.

One of the most generally accepted classifications of hyacinths is their division according to the color of the flowers. For example:

Pink hyacinth - it is most likely weather resistant hyacinth fondant with pearlescent inflorescence up to 20 cm long and large 4.5 cm flowers.

Early pink variety — hyacinth pink pearl - with a cone-shaped inflorescence, it has a dark stripe on the perianth and is distinguished by oblong (up to 7 cm) bracts, their shape resembling leaves.

Of these varieties, it should also be noted:

• hyacinth china pink with an apricot-salmon hue of flowers and a rich aroma.

• hyacinth Anna Maria up to 25 cm high, with a cylindrical 10 cm inflorescence of a soft pink hue, flowers up to 3.5 cm in diameter, blooming for 15 days, starting in the middle of April.

White hyacinth is represented by varieties

• with white cylindrical inflorescences up to 22 cm high;

• - up to 35 cm long, fragrant and, most importantly, resistant to diseases, which makes it easy to care for even an inexperienced beginner in floriculture, and several others.

Blue hyacinth includes the following varieties:

• Delft blue the variety is characterized by a height of up to 23 cm, spacious inflorescences up to 12 cm in length, large blue 4-centimeter flowers and early flowering- from mid-April.

• Aida very impressive due to the large, very fragrant and unusually lush inflorescences, consisting of star-shaped flowers of a dark blue hue, shimmering in the sun with blue-violet tones during flowering in April and May.

• Blue Star has blue flowers with a whitish border, up to 4 cm in diameter, forming cylindrical inflorescences, and begins to bloom in April.

Variety of hyacinth colors

As noted above, the variety of hyacinth colors is very large. Therefore, among them there are also cream and yellow , such as variety Hyacinth City of Haarlem up to 28 meters high, blooming from the last days of April.

Orange , How hyacinth gypsy queen with a persistent aroma, well suited for distillation at home.

Flowers hyacinth woodstock up to 15 cm long have a violet-crimson color; moreover, the tips of its leaves are also painted crimson - this new variety exudes an elegant aroma and is optimally suited for distillation at home.

Garden large-flowered Hyacinth Miss Saigon with curly tassels of delicate inflorescences lilac color It also boasts a persistent aroma and is rightfully considered one of the leaders among plants for spring (the flowering period begins in April) decoration of flower beds.

It is 30 cm high and has lilac flowers with a whitish edge; it also begins to bloom in April.

Hyacinths planting and care in open ground

For successful landing hyacinths in open ground in our conditions, a number of nuances should be taken into account. It is recommended to plan planting at the end of September - beginning of October, selecting medium-sized bulbs, as they are more resistant to bad weather.

When planting, it is necessary to maintain the depth (15-18 cm) and density (20 cm), and after preliminary digging, add peat or normally rotted compost. Hyacinth is demanding on watering, especially in the heat during budding, flowering and 2 weeks after flowering.

In addition to loosening and weeding the soil on the site, it is recommended to treat it in advance (in August) to a depth of 40 cm. Humus is added in a volume of 10-15 kg per square meter.

Replanting hyacinths after flowering

Replanting these plants is quite easy. To do this, you need to dig up the hyacinth after flowering in the summer and store it until autumn time, then, in the fall, transplant to another site.

When the bulbs finish blooming, it is best to wait a couple of months until they recover from the growing season.

Fertilizer for hyacinth

Feeding in the case of hyacinths is mandatory and is carried out twice or thrice during the growing season. Both dry and liquid fertilizers are suitable - in dissolved form you need a little less of them, but the soil should be watered first, while dry ones are scattered and embedded in the soil.

Fertilizers are applied to initial stages growth (superphosphate in a volume of 15-20 g, saltpeter - 20-25 g per sq. m), then at the budding stage (potassium sulfate - 15-20 g, superphosphate - 30-35 g) and at the end of flowering (superphosphate with potassium sulfate - 30-35 g each). These volumes increase one and a half times on sandy soils. It is preferable to apply nitrogen fertilizing in the spring and summer.

Do I need to dig up hyacinths for the winter?

Hyacinths from Holland left on winter period V open ground, in the 2nd year they will bloom worse.

In this regard, after the foliage turns yellow (optimally - at the end of June - beginning of July), the bulbs are dug up, dried, cleaned of leaves and roots and sent for storage.

Hyacinth bulb storage

The quality of flowering next year depends on storage, so this should be taken with great responsibility.

After cleaning, the bulbs are brought into a well-ventilated, dry, shaded room. Before storing the bulbs, warehouse and containers are disinfected and dried. Lay the onions in a small layer in wooden boxes, place them in gauze or nylon bags, and loosely wrap them in paper to allow air access.

During storage, the most important processes occur in the bulb, the formation of leaf rudiments, inflorescences, root systems, new buds, so during this period it is necessary to ensure optimal temperature conditions. During the first ten days, the storage temperature must be maintained at thirty degrees. Then until mid-September - twenty-three to twenty-five degrees above zero, and then before planting in the ground - about seventeen degrees above zero.

Hyacinth also requires care when storing bulbs. In which, if the temperature regime is disrupted, the process of formation of inflorescences is also disrupted, resulting in spring period the following year, weak peduncles with individual, often underdeveloped flowers appear.

Air humidity in the storage should not exceed seventy percent, with high humidity Fungal diseases develop rapidly. During storage, do not forget to regularly inspect the bulbs, while discarding the diseased ones. If spots appear, the bulbs are dried, and if pests develop, they are treated with insecticides.

Hyacinths planting and care at home

Large bulbs are planted in clean pots, up to 10 cm in size. sandy loam soil, so that the bulbous tops are flush with the edges of the pot, the rest should be buried 2/3 into the ground.

The pots are covered with paper caps or inverted dishes and placed in a cool (6-10℃) place. Perform watering cold water dry soil for 12 weeks. When the sprouts reach 10 cm, they are moved to the sun.

In early December, you can remove the coverings and transfer each hyacinth in a pot to the windowsill of a well-lit room. For now, the temperature should be maintained at least 23℃, and the flowers should be watered and sprayed steadily until budding begins. After a month, the hyacinth will bloom for 3 whole weeks.

Growing hyacinths from seeds

With a selective approach, the seed method is preferable, which boils down to sowing seeds at the end of September in boxes with a substrate including humus, sand and leaf soil in proportions of 2: 1: 1, and further cultivation in a cold greenhouse for 2 years.

Propagation of hyacinths by children

The resulting seedlings almost never inherit the properties of their parents, which is why amateur gardeners prefer the vegetative method. Although it is not without its drawbacks - every year you can count on an increase of only 1-3 children.

If the children are easily detached from the bulb, they are planted and grown, but if it is difficult to separate them, then the parent bulb is planted together with them.

Propagation of hyacinths at home

Homemade hyacinths are propagated using medium-sized bulbs. First they are created suitable conditions ripening, which includes moving it into a pot with specialized soil for hyacinths (sold in stores) and sprinkled with soil on top.

So the bulbs are left for 8-10 weeks in a room completely devoid of light with a temperature of less than 8 degrees (in general, a refrigerator is quite suitable), maintaining the soil moisture level.

Diseases and pests

In the natural conditions of mid-latitudes, hyacinths are practically not susceptible to disease. Their stay in the house turns out to be much more dangerous. Pest infestation is indicated by external signs such as inability to stretch out , early yellowing and wilting .

As preventative measure Before planting the bulbs, treatment is applied in a phosphorus-containing preparation for 15-20 minutes. Diseased specimens must be dug up and destroyed, the remaining ones must be treated with phosphorus-containing agents.

Among the diseases most often noticed yellow bacterial rot , characterized by the transformation of bulbous tissue into mucus, emitting a disgusting odor. Problems with pulling are associated specifically with it, in addition, the appearance of stripes and spots on foliage and peduncles, and their rotting are noted.

All parts of diseased plants must be destroyed (preferably by burning), and the pit must be treated with formaldehyde (5%) or bleach. Subsequently, it is recommended to plant hyacinths in the same place only after several years.

Hyacinth is ornamental plant, as if it came down to us from a vintage picture. After all, it attracts not only its amazing beauty, but also an extraordinary aroma! About what is planting and caring for fabulous hyacinths planted in open ground, as well as what varieties and methods of propagation exist, and, finally, how these flowers are used in landscape design and which plants are best combined with, you will find out in the article!

Description: varieties and varieties of hyacinths

The amazing hyacinth flower with the most delicate colors and captivating aroma is one of the first to begin to bloom in spring garden, driving gardeners crazy with its colorful and fragrant inflorescences. Rich color palette ranging from snow-white and yellowish to burgundy and resin-colored, complemented by the amazing shape of the inflorescences, it amazes the imagination. No wonder they call it hyacinth universal plant: This rain flower is great for planting in the ground and early forcing in greenhouses. You will learn further about how to plant and care for the plant, what propagation methods exist and how picturesque hyacinths are used in landscape design!

Hyacinths have many colors and shades

The homeland of hyacinths is Asia Minor and Greece. Here you can find wild flowering plants at every step. The flowers owe their popularity largely to Holland, where famous breeders were actively involved in their cultivation. This is where many come from hybrid varieties who came to our country. By the way, about varieties. Information from sources varies, but, as breeders assure, there are at least three types of hyacinths in nature:

• Transcaspian (Hyacinthus transcaspicus);
• Litvinova (Hyacinthus litwinowii);
• eastern (Hyacinthus orientalis), which became the ancestor decorative varieties this plant.

Oriental hyacinth

Blooming only once per season, hyacinths are usually distinguished by flowering dates: garden culture can be early, mid and late flowering.

In the middle zone of our vast country, delicate hyacinths bloom early, making worthy company with the first tulips. Weather conditions inherent in a particular region can shift the flowering time by 2-3 weeks, so these plants are considered very sensitive to climate and air temperature. The duration of the flowering process is from 7 to 15 days, again taking into account whether the weather is favorable or not.

Planting a plant

Plant hyacinths in the ground in the fall

Important! When choosing the moment to plant, first make sure that the plant's bulbs can take root before frost. This will increase all chances of wintering, and already next spring your garden will be filled with colorful and fragrant hyacinths. If you plant flowers too early, you may not see shoots: the bulbs will simply die. But too late planting threatens that the bulbs will not have time to form their root system, and the soil will already freeze.

When choosing a place for planting, remember that the homeland of capricious hyacinth is warm countries, therefore they should be planted on sunny and windless hills, having prepared the soil in advance. The flower makes special demands on it: the soil must be permeable with a considerable content of humus. However, it is better not to resort to using fresh and slightly decomposed humus. If the soil is dense and clayey, then it is mixed with peat and sand. On soil with high acidity, a gardener will not be able to grow a luxurious flower bed, so such soil will have to be diluted with limestone or chalk.

Soil liming

Attention! The soil for planting is dug up to a depth of 40 cm, mixed with mineral and organic fertilizers, if necessary, add lime. Then the soil is leveled and covered with film in anticipation of planting. This will prevent weeds from appearing.

Before planting, the material is carefully examined. It is better to get rid of soft and diseased bulbs immediately. For planting, use medium-sized bulbs, since the plants grown from them will be easier to withstand bad weather, but larger bulbs are more suitable for forcing.

Hyacinth bulbs

Hyacinth bulbs are planted to a depth of 15-17 cm at a distance of 15 cm from each other. If the baby is small, then the depth and distance will have to be slightly reduced. Having completed the planting work, the soil is sprinkled with a mulch layer (sawdust, peat, fallen leaves), and after the temperature drops to 0ºC and persistent cold weather appears, it is covered with a film or other covering material, which is then removed. in early spring when the ground thaws a little.

Hyacinth care

Delicate and quivering hyacinths used in landscape design are very demanding to care for, therefore Special attention Care should be taken to keep the soil around the seedlings clean. Periodically it loosens. This will help create the plant favorable conditions growth. If your hyacinths are not happy abundant flowering, then the soil is probably not moistened enough.

Be sure to loosen the soil around hyacinths

Hyacinths love water very much, they especially need moisture during the dry season. In your growing season the plant requires feeding, and culling is considered a mandatory preventive measure, which is carried out 2-3 times per season. The peduncle is not torn off by hand, but carefully cut off with a knife; if you do not plan to cut the hyacinths at all, then the wilted flowers are torn off and the peduncle is left.

Fertilizer and feeding of hyacinths

The key condition for growing flowering plants is regular feeding. First time mineral supplement occurs in early spring, when sprouts are just beginning to appear. Superphosphate, ammonium nitrate or potassium chloride can be used as fertilizers. With the formation of the first buds, the plant is fed a second time using the same fertilizers. The third time the crop is fed after flowering, when the hyacinth should store nutrients for the formation of renewal buds and the formation of axillary buds. Potash is used for feeding, phosphate fertilizers, as well as potassium chloride and superphosphate, previously dissolved in water.

Advice! After making necessary fertilizers, the soil is thoroughly loosened!

To make the plant feel comfortable, it is better to mulch the soil.

Plant propagation

Typically, breeders use the seed method to breed varieties. Crops grown in this way will delight you with their colorful inflorescences only after 5-7 years. The seeds are sown closer to October in a container with soil mixed with humus and fine sand, and grown in closed greenhouses for 2 years.

The process of natural reproduction of flowers proceeds extremely slowly. An adult bulb can form only one to three children. If the baby is easy to separate from the mother bulb, then it is grown separately, otherwise it is not broken off, but planted in the ground together with the mother bulb.

Sprouting hyacinth bulb

The bulbs selected for propagation are pre-treated with a solution of potassium permanganate (1%) and dried over the next two days.

Diseases and pests

Grown hyacinths rarely suffer from pests and are almost not susceptible to disease. However, if signs of pest damage were noticed (cessation of growth, bending of peduncles, wilting or yellowing), then the reasons may be the following:

• contaminated material was used for planting;
• unsuitable soil (waterlogged or acidic);
• excess mineral supplements;
• improper culling of bulbs for planting;
• incorrectly carried out prevention;
• violation of disembarkation rules.

Hyacinth disease bacterial rot

Of the diseases that hyacinth may encounter, the most common is bacterial yellow rot, which turns the bulbs into a slimy formation with a pungent odor. As a result of infection, the crop stops growing, and spots and stripes may form on the leaves. The diseased plant must be removed from the flower bed, and the vacated hole is carefully etched with bleach.

Hyacinths: combination with other plants

In landscape design, fabulous hyacinths go well with many spring bulbous plants that bloom around the same period as hyacinths. The most organic and picturesque tandem is formed by:

• bright blue hyacinths and sunny daffodils;
• blue hyacinths and snow-white tulips;
• orange hyacinths and scarlet tulips.

Hyacinths look great with other spring flowers.

Hyacinths in landscape design

Hyacinth is a universal flower, because it is successfully grown in flower beds in open ground, in flowerpots and pots on windowsills. These look incredibly elegant flowering plants one color scheme in the company of plump and short perennial crops. It will look wonderful garden path framed by well-groomed hyacinths, as well as trees and shrubs decorated with them. Gardeners claim that it is better to plant hyacinths together with other plants so that after they bloom, the soil does not become empty.

Growing hyacinth at home: video

Hyacinths in the garden: photo

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we firmly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious they are. But, in addition to their delicate sweet taste, they are also very beneficial for health. And here's an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in the middle zone or in a house - in a container.

Quite often, difficulties in growing tomato seedlings arise even among experienced summer residents. For some, all the seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain in an apartment ideal conditions for growing seedlings. Seedlings of any plants need to be provided with plenty of light, sufficient humidity and optimal temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

Delicious vinaigrette with apple and sauerkraut - a vegetarian salad made from boiled and chilled, raw, pickled, salted, pickled vegetables and fruits. The name comes from the French sauce made from vinegar, olive oil and mustard (vinaigrette). Vinaigrette appeared in Russian cuisine not so long ago, around the beginning of the 19th century; perhaps the recipe was borrowed from Austrian or German cuisine, since the ingredients for Austrian herring salad are very similar.

When we dreamily sort through bright packets of seeds in our hands, we are sometimes subconsciously convinced that we have a prototype of the future plant. We mentally allocate a place for it in the flower garden and look forward to the cherished day of the appearance of the first bud. However, buying seeds does not always guarantee that you will eventually get the desired flower. I would like to draw attention to the reasons why seeds may not sprout or die at the very beginning of germination.

Spring is coming, and gardeners have more work to do, and with the onset of warmer weather, changes in the garden occur rapidly. The buds are already beginning to swell on plants that were still dormant yesterday, and everything is literally coming to life before our eyes. After a long winter, this is good news. But along with the garden, its problems come to life - insect pests and pathogens. Weevils, flower beetles, aphids, clasterosporiosis, maniliosis, scab, powdery mildew- the list could take a very long time.

Breakfast toast with avocado and egg salad is a great way to start the day. The egg salad in this recipe acts as a thick sauce that is seasoned with fresh vegetables and shrimp. My egg salad is quite unusual, it is a dietary version of everyone’s favorite snack - with Feta cheese, Greek yogurt and red caviar. If you have time in the morning, never deny yourself the pleasure of cooking something tasty and healthy. You need to start the day with positive emotions!

Perhaps every woman has at least once received a blooming orchid as a gift. It’s not surprising, because such a living bouquet looks amazing and blooms for a long time. Orchids are not very difficult to grow. indoor crops, but failure to comply with the main conditions for their maintenance often leads to the loss of a flower. If you are just getting started with indoor orchids, you should find out the correct answers to the main questions about growing these beautiful plants in the house.

Lush cheesecakes with poppy seeds and raisins prepared according to this recipe are eaten in no time in my family. Moderately sweet, plump, tender, with an appetizing crust, without excess oil, in a word, exactly the same as my mother or grandmother fried in childhood. If the raisins are very sweet, then you don’t need to add granulated sugar at all; without sugar, the cheesecakes will be better fried and will never burn. Cook them in a well-heated frying pan, greased with oil, over low heat and without a lid!

Cherry tomatoes differ from their larger counterparts not only in the small size of their berries. Many cherry varieties are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato taste. Anyone who has never tried such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual Exotic fruits. In this article I will talk about five different cherry tomatoes that have the sweetest fruits with unusual colors.

I started growing annual flowers in the garden and on the balcony more than 20 years ago, but I will never forget my first petunia, which I planted in the country along the path. Only a couple of decades have passed, but you’re amazed at how different the petunias of the past are from the many-sided hybrids of today! In this article, I propose to trace the history of the transformation of this flower from a simpleton into a real queen of annuals, and also consider modern varieties unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - aromatic and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods; in combination with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, you get a very nutritious snack, which is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with fire, use hot chili.

The question is how to grow healthy seedlings, all summer residents are concerned about early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or private house, this is not so easy to do. Of course, everyone experienced gardener There is a proven way to grow seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

The Sanka tomato variety is one of the most popular in Russia. Why? The answer is simple. He is the very first to bear fruit in the garden. Tomatoes ripen when other varieties have not even bloomed yet. Of course, if you follow the growing recommendations and make an effort, even a novice grower will receive a rich harvest and joy from the process. And so that your efforts are not in vain, we advise you to plant high-quality seeds. For example, such as seeds from TM “Agrosuccess”.

Task indoor plants in the house - to decorate the home with your own appearance, to create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this reason, we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only about watering on time, although this is important. It is also necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, and make a correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers there is nothing supernatural about this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Tender cutlets from chicken breast It’s easy to prepare with champignons according to this recipe with step by step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to make juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, but this is not so! Chicken meat contains virtually no fat, which is why it is a bit dry. But if you add cream, white bread and mushrooms with onions to the chicken fillet, it will turn out amazing delicious cutlets, which will appeal to both children and adults. IN mushroom season try adding wild mushrooms to the minced meat.

Then aboveground part dies, and the bulb “rests” for almost six months in the soil, fairly heated by the hot southern sun. During this period of external dormancy, shoot primordia with leaves and inflorescence and primordia of daughter bulbs are formed inside the bulb. The soil here does not freeze even in winter. In conditions middle zone for normal formation vegetative organs and inflorescences of next year, it is advisable to dig up hyacinth bulbs annually and keep them until autumn at a certain temperature conditions. Without this, flowering weakens already in the second year, and then completely disappears.

The feeding area of ​​a hyacinth bulb is 15 x 20 cm. The planting depth from the bottom of the bulbs is 15-18 cm for collapsible, large bulbs with a diameter of about 5 cm. For hyacinths, as for all bulbous plants, planting in a “sand jacket” is highly desirable: clean river sand is poured into the bottom of the groove or hole in a layer of 3-5 cm. The bulb is lightly pressed into it, then covered with sand, and then with soil. This technique will prevent rotting of the bottoms of the bulbs, protect against infection in the soil, and improve drainage. If the soil is dry, the plantings need to be watered to improve rooting of the bulbs.

With the onset of persistent cold weather. To do this, you can use dry peat, humus, sawdust, dry fallen leaves and spruce branches. In the spring, as soon as the soil begins to thaw, the cover must be carefully removed, since hyacinths sprout very early.

The most important thing in caring for hyacinths is feeding. The first of them is applied immediately after the sprouts appear, using ammonium nitrate (20-30 g per 1 sq.m.). After the appearance of buds per 1 sq. m. add 20 g ammonium nitrate, 40 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium chloride. After flowering - 40 g of superphosphate and 40 g of potassium chloride or potassium magnesia per 1 sq.m.

Hyacinths reproduce by bulbs, baby bulbs and bulbous scales. The seed method is used only when breeding new varieties, since seedlings do not repeat external signs parents and bloom only after 5-7 years.