The main necessary groups of fertilizers

To obtain a working solution of microelements, which is called a mother solution, take the following for 1 liter of water:

Signs indicating an excessive amount of a particular substance may include:

Feed with nitrogen fertilizers, as in the process of root feeding during proper watering cucumbers, with foliar feeding - spraying, and when using the system drip irrigation of this culture.
By planting cucumbers in a greenhouse, any summer resident and gardener increases the yield of the crop, which is undoubtedly good. At the same time, already in early May you will be able to enjoy crispy lightly salted cucumbers; you can read about how to pickle them here. Knowing how, when and with what to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse, the yield, as a rule, increases by forty percent, in contrast to planting on open ground. Proper feeding cucumbers, a very important task for high yields. The main thing to remember is that organic fertilizers must be added in parts, because if the fertilizer is applied incorrectly, the vegetable may not bear fruit or even die.

Nitrogen fertilizers

For example, one bucket of solution is not enough for me to feed all the plants. I first make a concentrated solution. I dilute 10 tablespoons of azofoska in 10 liters of water. This concentrate is enough for me for 10 buckets of azofoska solution of the required concentration.

To prepare the ash solution, you need to add about 1 tbsp to a bucket of water. ash and leave for a day. Further action depends on the method of applying fertilizers. If this is spraying, then the solution must be filtered. It is advisable to use water no colder than 20 degrees.

Applying fertilizers during the period of active growth and flowering.

Feeding plants in a greenhouse is somewhat different from the technique used when working with cucumbers in open ground. It is also carried out several times, and it is important to observe the normalization and dosage of fertilizer application. For example, cucumbers do not tolerate an abundance of chemical and organic fertilizers, which can disrupt their growth and fruit development. Thus, when moving cucumber seedlings to the greenhouse, fertilizers are used in small doses.

Cucumbers best accept organic and mineral fertilizers, to chemicals they are quite cool. And despite the fact that even in bad conditions you will still get a harvest, you should use fertilizing, which will make the plant more resistant to disease.

Phosphorus fertilizers

. Before use, the solution is filtered and diluted two to three times with warm, settled water. Cucumbers are watered using

Potash fertilizers

0.1 - 0.2 g ammonium molybdate;

The formation of thick, powerful stems and irregularly shaped, dark green leaves in cucumbers indicates excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers;

Important: if you add an excess amount of potassium and phosphorus to the soil at the beginning of the growth of cucumbers, and add an insufficient amount of nitrogen, then as a result they will grow large plants, with a large number of male flowers and a small number of small ovaries. Subsequent feeding of plants with nitrogen fertilizers will not improve the situation.

Cucumbers are a fairly early-ripening vegetable crop, but its root system is not strong enough. Because of this, the cost of any mistake when growing this crop can be too high: not tasty or beautiful fruits or loss of the entire harvest.

Cucumbers have weak roots; they do not penetrate deeper than 20 cm, so the properties of the soil have a special influence on them. As fertilizers, you can add manure, rotted garbage, peat, straw, or sawdust to the soil; it is advisable to enrich these additives with nitrogen. Mineral fertilizers will also not interfere with the growth of cucumbers in a greenhouse.

Deficiency or excess?

I take a liter of concentrated solution and add it to another bucket (10 l) with clean water. You can add a glass of wood ash to the bucket of solution. And from this bucket I feed my cucumbers - about 1 liter per plant. The soil under the plants should be moist before fertilizing.

Azofoska, or nitroammofoska, is a complex mineral fertilizer, which contains elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and it is impossible to single out the predominant one.

Feeding during the period from the beginning to the end of fruiting. At this stage, you need to use only those fertilizers that will not in any way affect the quality of the fruit in the future in the direction of deterioration.
You can also prepare the soil in advance, which should consist of manure and turf soil. The mixture is prepared quite simply: a layer of turf up to 15 cm thick is mixed with a layer of manure 25–30 cm thick, sprinkled with phosphate rock. When working with acidic soil, be sure to add lime. Plants planted in such soil will grow much faster, receiving all the nutrients they need.

Feeding with mineral fertilizers:

3-4 liters

0.08 g crystalline copper sulfate hydrate (copper sulfate);

Lengthening of internodes, the appearance of mosaic spots, or, on older leaves, a light yellow border, which later acquires a brown color and then blackening, is caused by an excess of potassium in the soil;

Phosphorus is used by cucumbers in small quantities, but constantly, since it is needed for normal growth and functioning of the root system, growth of green mass and normal fruit setting and ripening. When and correctly applied phosphate fertilizers will help cucumbers bloom promptly and abundantly.

When growing cucumbers, many factors can influence the quantity and quality of the harvest:
During the entire growth period of cucumbers in the greenhouse period, you should not feed them more than five times. The first time it is necessary to feed when flowering begins, and then four more times at the time of fruiting. Chicken droppings and mullein are perfect for these purposes. To replace them, you can use ready-made fertilizers, having previously purchased them at a farm store.

Foliar feeding with azophoska is done before fruit set. As soon as the first ovaries appear, switch to watering at the root.

Feeding cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse using this substance is done as follows: add a bucket of water room temperature add 1 tbsp. l. drug. For one cucumber bush, 1 liter of the resulting solution is enough.
Even if the cucumber is grown in a greenhouse, the best planting method is seedlings. It is usually grown in large boxes for about a month. They do this directly in the greenhouse itself in a designated (separate) area, and after time they simply distribute it among the beds.
If work is carried out in greenhouses or greenhouses that have just been put into operation, gardeners recommend layer-by-layer application of organic matter and soil mixture. First, manure is applied at the rate of 30 kg per square meter and dig up the soil to a depth of 25 cm. Fresh manure on wood residues is applied to the prepared layer - such a mixture will provide excellent drainage and improve nutrition of plant roots. After this, you can apply mineral fertilizers.

First root feeding. We take 5 g of ammophos per meter and distribute the fertilizer evenly over the beds. The preparation is applied while loosening the soil.

Foliar feeding

ready solution for every 1m2.

1.8 g magnesium sulfate;

Cucumbers need potassium as it promotes movement. nutrients entering through the root system to the rest of the plant and ensures normal vegetative growth and fruiting. It is during the period of active fruiting that the amount of potassium fertilizers applied is increased, while the amount of nitrogen fertilizers is reduced.

fertility of the soil intended for cultivation;

 IMPORTANT: If the soil is sandy, then it requires nitrogen fertilizers, and if it is floodplain, then it is better to take potassium fertilizers.
Cucumbers typically develop a large above-ground mass and a wide root system. But despite this, they absorb the feeding a little at a time. I repeat, but this is very important - they need to be fed little by little, but often - once every 7-10 days.
This fertilizer cannot be applied to dry soil. The area around the root needs to be moistened first.

Seeds for growing seedlings are not planted too deeply in the soil, so when preparing the soil you need to add compost or manure (about 8 kg of fertilizer per 1 square meter) and a little wood ash as a source of potassium.

Despite the fact that the frequency of fertilizing is approximately two weeks, it is advisable to monitor the condition of the plants -
The second feeding can be either root or foliar. In the first case, dilute 30 g in a 10 liter bucket of water ammonium nitrate and superphosphate and 20 g of potassium nitrate. In the second case, take 2 tablespoons of superphosphate per 10 liter bucket of water and spray the plant.
2-3 g boric acid.

Excess phosphorus can be manifested by a general yellowing of the entire plant, falling leaves, and rapid death;

When to feed cucumbers?

Tip: cucumbers really don’t like chlorine, which may be present in fertilizers. However, potassium, which is so necessary for cucumbers, is most often added in the form of potassium chloride. In order not to harm the cucumbers and protect them from exposure to chlorine, this fertilizer is applied during autumn digging.

sufficient amount of light;

If warming comes after a long cold spell, be sure to add ammonium nitrate to the soil. Initially, add it to the grooves, and then pour plenty of water.
When choosing a mineral fertilizer for cucumbers, try to ensure that the ratio of nitrogen to potassium is 1:2, that is, 1 part nitrogen + 2 parts potassium. That is why I add a glass of wood ash to the azofoska solution - cucumbers need more potassium than nitrogen in the first half of the growing season. If there is no ash, then potassium sulfate (20 g - 1 level tablespoon) or potassium magnesia (20 g - 1 level tablespoon) can be added to a 10-liter azofoska solution.

To increase the effectiveness of the effect of this fertilizer on the root system, and the roots tend to absorb the elements given to them in small quantities, it is necessary to add twice as much wood ash to the azophosphate solution, since plants also need potassium. Ash can be safely replaced with potassium sulfate or potassium magnesium. Only in in this case 1 tbsp will be enough. l. for a bucket of water.

The first feeding of cucumbers in the greenhouse is carried out immediately after planting the plant. Cucumber seedlings respond quite well to fertilizer, which consists of superphosphate, manure (preferably cow manure), ammonium nitrate (you need to be extremely careful with this component, since if there is an excess, you can increase the amount of nitrates in cucumbers). Fertilizing cucumber seedlings in a greenhouse can be done using special fertilizers that are intended for this plant and practically do not contain nitrate nitrogen.If you see that your cucumbers are developing normally without fertilizers, you can wait a little before adding additional funds Third fertilizing (root). In a bucket of water (10 l) stir either 50 g of urea or two tablespoons of potassium nitrate.

During the feeding, taking into account the needs of the plants, you will be able to harvest a richer harvest of greenhouse cucumbers. Making them is quite simple, the most important thing is to carefully observe the plants and their development.

For foliar feeding of cucumbers in a greenhouse, use 10 liters of a prepared solution of macroelements, to which 10 ml of a solution of microelements is added. When spraying 1 m2, use 250-350 ml of the prepared working solution. Reddening of the veins on old leaf blades, the appearance of transparent or discolored spots between them indicates an excess of manganese caused by too frequent root and foliar fertilizing with potassium permanganate; If the greenhouse is open at the top, then By the time the cucumbers are planted in spring, all the chlorine will be washed away by rain and snow, and the necessary potassium will remain in the soil. If the greenhouse is not opened for the winter, then it is better to use potassium fertilizers without chlorine. sufficient watering;When the air temperature drops, root activity is disrupted, so it is important to support the plant. To do this use foliar feeding, ammonium nitrate is quite suitable for you.

In general, please note that when fertilizing, especially when cucumbers bear fruit intensively, there should be more potassium in any organic or mineral fertilizer. If you are preparing organic fertilizer based on manure, then the ratio of nitrogen and potassium in it is approximately equal, so be sure to add wood ash or potassium-containing fertilizers in the doses that I wrote above. The presence of a larger dose of potassium (compared to nitrogen) will prevent plants from fattening and will increase the number of ovaries, and therefore fruits.

It is also possible to feed cucumbers in the greenhouse with yeast. To do this, dilute 1 kg of fresh yeast in 5 liters of water. The resulting solution must be diluted with water (0.5 liters of solution per bucket of water). Half a liter of fertilizer is enough for one bush.

Before flowering, cucumbers require fertilizing rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium. However, you should also not forget about potassium.

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Fertilizers for cucumbers - what to choose for feeding?

We study the theory: feeding methods and fertilization

. Understanding what fertilizers are needed for cucumbers, do not forget that an excess of such substances can have a bad effect on both the plant itself and the yield. Fourth feeding (foliar). For a 10 liter bucket of water we need 15 g of urea. After mixing the ingredients, spray the cucumber beds with the solution.After watching a video on how to grow and fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse, you can grow and harvest an excellent harvest yourself!Depending on how well the soil in the greenhouse was filled during autumn and spring preparation, the amount of fertilizing carried out depends. As a rule, gardeners feed cucumbers 4-5 times during the summer.Hard, rough leaves and hardening of the stem occur when there is an excess of chlorine in the soil.

The amount of mineral fertilizers applied depends on factors such as the quality of autumn and spring soil preparation and soil characteristics. You can also judge what cucumbers need based on the condition of the leaves, the so-called leaf diagnostics.
qualitative and quantitative composition of fertilizers;

If there is a lack of nitrogen, the leaves of greenhouse cucumbers turn yellow and fall off; if there is little potassium, then the edges of the leaves melt pale green, and if there is not enough phosphorus, they will be dark green.

Another situation. I think she's familiar to you. you collected big harvest cucumbers, but there seems to be still time until the end of the season, and your plants look bad - the leaves are drying up, there are few ovaries. This indicates that the plant’s root system has weakened and the plant has spent a lot of effort on producing a crop. But all is not lost. Simply, the plant needs to recover. Help him. It is in the second half of the growing season that hook-shaped cucumbers may appear on the bushes.

The nutrition of cucumbers grown in a greenhouse can be quite easily disrupted either by a lack of feeding or by its excess. This can be determined visually:

The best fertilizer for cucumbers and the choice of feeding method

If a cucumber is grown in a greenhouse, the fertilizer should contain nitrogen. Because it is necessary for the formation of leaves.

The methods of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse and in open ground are almost identical, although there are still some differences. Exactly what discrepancies exist in agricultural cultivation technology will be discussed in this article. We will also describe the features of feeding cucumbers in greenhouse conditions.

Use of organic fertilizers:
Many gardeners unknowingly add fertilizers to the soil right before planting seeds, but it is not recommended to carry out work at this time. And all because a large number of mineral salts in the soil has a detrimental effect on the crop.
In the event that the soil in the greenhouse was well filled with fertilizers, then only two feedings are necessary:
Having noticed signs of one or another nutrient deficiency, you can correct the situation with your own hands by adding the missing elements through root or foliar feeding of cucumbers.

Tip: Before applying fertilizer to all plants, fertilize several bushes. If after a few days the condition of the fed plants is good, then it will be possible to feed all the other cucumbers in the greenhouse.

Let us consider in more detail what minerals and nutrients are needed at different stages of development of this crop, when and with what to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse.
Not everyone knows how and what to fertilize cucumbers when planting. Many simply don’t do this, but in vain. Why? Read on.
Look at the ground. If it has compacted or become too dense, then make punctures with a pitchfork, stepping back 10-15 cm from the stem. Loosening with a hoe is dangerous - the cucumber's root system is located very close to the surface of the earth. After punctures with a pitchfork, the roots will receive an additional flow of oxygen. Feed them with a solution of potassium humate or any growth stimulants that promote the development of the root system. This could be Kornevin (Heteroauxin), Epin, Zircon. The products listed are not exactly fertilizers. When I say “feed”, it’s not entirely correct. They do not replace mineral or organic fertilizer. But they can perfectly revive a tired root system. Therefore, in the second half of the cucumber growing season, it is imperative to mineral or organic feeding add any of these stimulants.
Delayed flowering may indicate an excess of nitrogen in the soil. The stem also thickens, the leaves become dense and dark. If it is not enough, fruits with a thick stalk may appear.

Phosphorus should be added in small portions, and fertilizing the cucumbers after planting in the greenhouse should also contain this element. However, this must be done with enviable regularity, since in the absence of this element in the soil the root system will develop poorly and the plant will stop producing fruit. Timely application of phosphorus in the right amount activates the process of flower formation.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse can be quite a profitable process, due to the possibility of creating artificial favorable conditions, which will significantly increase productivity. However, this is only possible if certain rules are followed. In particular, if a cucumber is grown in a greenhouse, fertilizing must be appropriate, since the soil cannot take all the necessary substances from the external environment.
For the first feeding it is best suited slurry– for 8 liters of water, one liter of solution or comfrey infusion in a ratio of 1:5.

The most suitable option

before flowering;

Fertilizers for cucumbers in a greenhouse: from theory to practice

This type of fertilizing is very effective in case of deficiency of any element, as well as in case of insufficient lighting of plants (see Lighting in greenhouses when growing cucumbers or how to choose The best way additional lighting), or adverse weather conditions. The effect of foliar feeding on the plant is noticeable quite quickly, often within a few hours, while the effect of the same solution applied under the root will only be felt after 3-5 days, or even after a few weeks.

To determine which substance is missing and what fertilizer to use in the greenhouse for cucumbers, just take a close look at the leaves and fruits of the plants.

The most important minerals for normal growth, development and formation of both the plant itself and the fruit are:

Since cucumbers are not planted very deep, the substances necessary for plant growth are hardly delivered to it from the depths of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to use good compost before planting them. Fertilizers for planting this crop can be used both purchased and natural organic. If you have chosen purchased fertilizers, then before fertilizing the cucumbers when planting, add regular manure to the ground. I think that all gardeners have encountered this phenomenon when irregularly shaped fruits appear on the cucumber vine. Yellowing of the leaves occurs due to a large amount of phosphorus.

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Cucumber in a greenhouse: feeding. First feeding of cucumbers after planting in a polycarbonate greenhouse

Potassium, in turn, helps other nutrients move through the plant's root system.

To increase productivity, you need to take care of soil fertility in advance. First of all, the soil needs to be disinfected. Moreover, this applies to everything that is in the greenhouse, and not just the soil. The ideal solution would be a bleach solution. You will need about 40 g of lime, which must be diluted in 12 liters of water. It is better to take clean water, without sediment. It takes at least two hours to insist, and then treat the soil. This should be done in the fall. In the spring, the soil is treated with boiling water and potassium permanganate (add no more than 3 g of potassium permanganate powder to a bucket of water).

For the second feeding, ash is suitable as a fertilizer: take a glass of ash for a 10-liter bucket of water, stir it and apply it under the roots of the cucumber.

during the preparation of the beds for cucumbers

Purpose of feeding

At the beginning of fruiting.

The optimal time for foliar feeding is the evening, when the sun is not so active, or a cloudy, cloudy day.

So, here are instructions on how to determine the deficiency of a particular nutrient:

Stages of the fertilizer application process

Experienced gardeners take from six to eight kilograms of manure per 1 square meter and add one glass of ash to it. Humus is added from four to five kilograms per 1 square meter. They also use fine decomposed peat at the rate of eight to ten kilograms per 1 square meter. The difference between these fertilizers is that manure is applied in the fall when digging the ground, and humus is used immediately before planting cucumbers in the ground. At the same time, many advise fertilizing the soil with phosphorus or potassium fertilizers. But this can only be done if there is enough humus in the soil.
For example, at the stalk it is narrow, but at the opposite end it has a thickening. This cucumber bush lets us know that it lacks potassium. This means that the fertilizer should contain more potassium.
An excess of potassium can lead to a slowdown in plant growth; its deficiency threatens the development of irregular fruits with a thin stalk.
Feeding of cucumbers after planting in a greenhouse should be done at least five times during the entire growing season and flowering period. Before flowering, use a mullein solution (1 tbsp per bucket of water), to which you need to add superphosphate and potassium sulfate. Next, you need to apply fertilizer every two weeks, replacing superphosphate and potassium sulfate with nitrophosphate. Ready-made specialized fertilizers are also suitable.

Feeding cucumbers at the seedling stage

Replenishing the soil with carbon dioxide before the seedlings are planted, or before flowering, will help to activate the process of inflorescence formation. To do this, you need to add a certain amount of organic matter to the prepared soil, for example, mullein. However, you need to make sure that the fertilizer does not get directly on the cucumbers.

For the third root feeding, purchase the drug "Gumi": for a 10-liter bucket of water, 2 spoons of the drug are enough.

the use of rotted manure is considered

Fertilizing during flowering

The first feeding, carried out just before flowering, is carried out by diluting 200 g of liquid bird droppings or mullein in a bucket of water, to which 1 teaspoon of superphosphate and potassium sulfate is added.

For foliar feeding, prepare an aqueous extract of superphosphate by pouring the required amount of fertilizer with water and letting it sit for 24 hours; solutions of trace elements such as manganese, molybdenum, copper, zinc and boron, as well as solutions of fertilizers such as urea and potassium sulfate.

lightening and reduction in the size of the leaves, as well as shortening and thickening of the fruits, the color of which, regardless of the variety, becomes pale green, indicates a lack of nitrogen;

As you can see, there is nothing complicated, the main thing is to know what and when cucumbers need and how to fertilize them correctly, and then they will definitely delight you with their generous harvest.

Fruiting period: feeding features

And if, on the contrary, the fruit thickens at the stalk, and the fruit narrows towards the opposite end, you know that the plant does not have enough nitrogen.

Fertilizing with wood ash

Large amounts of calcium can lead to the development of interveinal chlorosis.

When the first fruits appear, the fertilizing of cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse should change its composition. Now it is necessary to add magnesium, nitrogen and potassium (ideal potassium nitrate) to the soil. The amount of potassium needs to be sharply increased, and nitrogen - reduced.

If fertilizing is carried out on time and in the right quantity, then it is possible to achieve absolute resistance of the plant to various diseases, since fertilizers can significantly improve immunity. There are practically no pests that in any way affect the yield. The only thing that can affect the growth of cucumbers is unfavourable conditions, in particular low temperatures.
The fourth feeding should be foliar. To carry out the work, the spraying solution is prepared in advance. Fill the rotted hay with water in a 1:1 ratio, leave the mixture for two days, and only after that can you spray the plants. This will not only extend the growing season, but will also protect your plantings from diseases such as powdery mildew.
. The mixture is applied while digging the garden under the top layer of soil. In this case, manure will serve as an excellent soil heater, because moist and warm soil is what cucumbers need for development.

The second feeding is carried out during the active formation of ovaries. They dilute water in a bucket for her

Fertilizing with nitroammophoska

For comprehensive foliar feeding you will need two solutions: micro and macroelements.

cessation of plant growth, change in color of young leaves from green to bluish-green, indicates that there is not enough phosphorus. In the photo below you can see this shade;

phosphorus;

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Using Yeast

In these two cases, everything is elementary simple - you need to feed it urgently. Cucumbers generally need to be fed more often. Every 7-10 days they need feeding. They need to be fed in small doses.

The result of a shortage or excess of elements

If a cucumber is grown in a greenhouse, fertilizing is extremely necessary, but this must be done carefully.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse, including fertilizing, has similarities with growing them in open ground. In particular, wood ash is considered an excellent fertilizer that can protect fruits from the most common diseases.
Cucumbers are very popular high humidity air, periodic feeding in small quantities. Watering and fertilizing should be carried out exclusively in the early morning or after sunset, otherwise this risks the appearance of various fungal diseases, in particular powdery mildew and anthracnose.
Some tips for summer residents:
How to water cucumbers correctly

100 -150 g mullein and add 1 tbsp. spoon of nitrophoska

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Fertilizing cucumbers in a greenhouse or open ground with fertilizers - mineral and organic

To prepare a solution of macroelements you need to take 10 liters of water:

Fertilizers for cucumbers

potassium.

How to feed peppers Beginning gardeners often wonder what to feed peppers with and how much…

And I would like to tell you about one more feeding. Organic. I make this fertilizer for cucumbers myself and apply it not only to them, but to all garden plants– tomatoes, cabbage, eggplants. This is “green organic fertilizer” made from grass clippings or weeds. It's very easy to prepare. I talked about this in some detail in the article “Feeding tomatoes in open ground and in a greenhouse.”

Feeding cucumbers, if done on time, helps plants resist diseases, increases their immunity, which means that properly fed plants will not get sick or will get sick less often. Cucumbers are a fairly resilient crop. They have very few pests. They just don’t like cold weather, nor do they like temperature changes. What do cucumbers like? They like high, but not excessive air humidity. They also love frequent but small feedings with mineral or organic fertilizers. Cucumbers should be watered or fed in the evening or in the morning to avoid powdery mildew, anthracnose, bacteriosis, that is, fungal diseases that develop in a humid environment.

This mineral fertilizer is good because it is absolutely natural and contains many useful substances, such as potassium, which the soil needs to ensure the growth of cucumbers. In addition, this fertilizer cannot harm the health of the person who applies it. Ash can also be used during the period of active fruiting. There are two methods of applying fertilizer:

The first feeding of cucumbers in the greenhouse should be carried out immediately after planting. It is important to pay a lot of attention to the process and not let growth take its course.

to avoid burning the plants themselves, it is best to water the cucumbers with a watering can without a sprayer, pouring the solution between the plants;

Four-horned dung fork

How to determine what cucumbers are missing

20 g of urea, or 7 g of ammonium nitrate;

slowing of plant growth, as well as the appearance of a light green border along the edge of old leaf blades, which spreads between the main veins, towards the middle of the leaf, bending of the edges of the leaves inward, pear-shaped fruits, indicates a lack of potassium.

Cucumber needs fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers at almost all stages of its development and growth, especially at the beginning of the growing season for the formation of leaves.

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How to fertilize cucumbers? Many novice gardeners and summer residents ask a similar question. We offer you the simplest and important tips experienced gardeners.

The use of fertilizers for cucumbers and fertilizing should begin from the moment the seedlings are grown. One should not naively expect that suddenly this year they will grow good and strong, the harvest will be huge, and all diseases will pass by. The harvest will be good if you feed the seedlings and adult plants in time, before or during fruiting. And diseases will bypass them only if you do not allow them to develop from the very beginning.

spraying with ash solution;

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How to fertilize cucumbers in the garden and greenhouse

There are four main stages of feeding:

It is advisable to fertilize in cloudy weather.

How to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse

If there is no mullein or bird droppings, they can easily be replaced by “herbal tea” or, as it is also called, “zelenka”, which is easy to prepare with your own hands.

7g potassium sulfate;

Important: it is necessary to remember that some types of nitrogen fertilizers used as fertilizing can adversely affect the quality of fruits. So, ammonium nitrate is of course useful for cucumbers, but it tends to accumulate in fruits in the form of nitrates, toxic substances dangerous to human health.

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The store offers a huge amount of fertilizers for cucumbers, but will they produce the results written on the package? And the reaction of any plant to fertilizer and feeding is difficult to predict. So is it necessary to do this at all? Need to! We have previously written about how to feed onions, and cucumbers are no exception.

Wood ash protects cucumbers, as well as other plants, from all existing common diseases. This is a natural mineral fertilizer, excellent feeding cucumbers Ash contains potassium, and they respond very well to a sufficient amount of this element in the soil. In addition, you don’t have to worry about harming your health. Ash - natural remedy. You can safely feed cucumbers with ash during fruiting. You can spray the plants with an ash solution, you can dust them with dry sifted ash, you can add an ash solution under the root.

dusting with dry ash, which must be thoroughly sifted before use;

How to fertilize cucumbers when planting

If a cucumber is grown in a greenhouse, fertilizing begins at the seedling preparation stage. At this time, you need to carefully take care of the soil for future seedlings, then apply fertilizer when the first leaves appear on the sprout, after the second leaf appears, and after two weeks. At this point, the seedling preparation stage is over.

Knowing which fertilizer is best for cucumbers, you can rejuvenate the plants, preventing the appearance of yellow spots, it will also help you improve photosynthesis.

As for fertilizers, literally four feedings are enough over the summer. Organic or mineral fertilizers, the use of root and foliar methods - here each gardener must choose the most suitable method for him. However, it is advisable to combine methods. For example, root feeding is best suited for warm weather when the cucumber roots are well developed. If the weather is cloudy, it is best to use the foliar method by spraying the leaves of the plant.

To prepare it, 1 kg of finely chopped, without seeds and roots, (you can even use scissors) various weeds, such as nettle, woodlice and others growing in your area, pour a bucket of settled water, preferably warm. Then mix and leave to ferment for several

When growing cucumbers, questions often arise - how much, what and when to fertilize. For getting good harvest these vegetables, it is necessary to carefully understand the types, timing and volumes of fertilizers applied.

What types of cucumber feedings are there?

Fertilizers for cucumbers are divided into:

: potassium nitrate; ; ash; ; urea.
Organic: chicken manure; cow (horse) manure; compost; herb (infusion); black bread (infusion).

The best effect will be as a result complex application both types of fertilizers.

Plants are fertilized in the following ways:

Root feeding - when fertilizer is applied directly to the soil for absorption by the roots.
Foliar – fertilizer is applied to the plant from above, usually using a sprayer. In this option, fertilizer is supplied through the leaves and stems.

Root feeding of cucumbers is carried out after watering or rain in the evening or in the absence of sun. The best option will alternate both methods of feeding.

At different stages of cucumber development, it requires certain substances for nutrition. During bush growth, cucumbers primarily need elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium. During the fruiting period, the emphasis in nutrition will shift towards nitrogen, potassium and magnesium. In this regard, the composition of fertilizers will differ depending on the growing season:

Top dressing cucumber seedlings
Feeding cucumbers after planting in the ground
Feeding during flowering
Feeding during fruiting

Thus, the classic number of feeding cucumbers per season is four. Any changes may depend on appearance bush and fruit, and also depending on where the cucumbers grow - in a greenhouse or open ground.

Features of feeding cucumber seedlings

Feeding cucumber seedlings should be carried out with a certain degree of caution, since it is during this period that the probability of “overfeeding” young plants is especially high. For example, applying certain organic fertilizers (manure) in larger volumes than required can burn the root system. Therefore, most safe way fertilizing - the use of special complex fertilizers for seedlings. The main thing here is to comply with the requirements set out in the instructions for the drug.

Cucumber seedlings begin to bloom quite quickly. At this time, you can use the preparation “Ovary for cucumbers”, which contains sodium salts of gibberellic acids; they reduce the abscission of flowers and young ovaries, and stimulate fruit formation. You need to dissolve 2 g of the drug in 1.4 liters of water. Spraying should be done twice: at the beginning of flowering and after 2 weeks during mass flowering.

Fertilizing cucumbers in a greenhouse

The first fertilizing should be done 2 weeks after planting the seedlings in the greenhouse. During this period, the cucumber develops leaves and stems, so nitrogenous fertilizers are preferred.

Approximate “diet” of feeding:

From mineral fertilizer will do urea: 1 tbsp. spoon per 10 liters of water.
As an organic fertilizer, mullein: dilute 1 liter in 10 liters of water, let it ferment for 2 days, then mix it again with water at the rate of 1:5, add and stir a glass of ash (10 liters) to the resulting mixture. Chicken manure gives good results; it is diluted with water in a concentration of 1:20.

The second feeding is carried out during the flowering period. At this time, the priority in cucumber nutrition will shift towards potassium. The ratio of nitrogen and potassium should be approximately 1:2. Accordingly, use ready-made potash fertilizers or ash solution:

Dissolve 1 glass of ash in 10 liters of water.

If there is no ash, use 20 g of potassium sulfate or 20 g of potassium magnesium - this is about a tablespoon without top.

The third feeding is done during fruiting.

Preference is again given to potassium and nitrogen fertilizers. During this period, many gardeners perform root feeding with chicken manure in a concentration of 1:20. Potassium nitrate is used as a mineral fertilizer: 25 g per 10 liters of water. As a foliar feeding, you can spray the plants with urea: 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water.

It should be noted that it is best to alternate the above fertilizing with organic matter and mineral fertilizers. Those. first feed with organic matter, after 14 days with mineral fertilizer and after another 14 days, perform foliar feeding. This method will make the fruiting of cucumber bushes longer.

Fertilizing cucumbers in open ground

The first feeding is carried out after the appearance of two true leaves, not to be confused with cotyledons. The composition and method of fertilizing are no different from those in the greenhouse.

Carry out the second feeding 14 days after the first. As a rule, mullein provides the best nutrition; it contains approximately the same amount of nitrogen and potassium: dilute 0.5 liters of slurry in 10 liters of water and water it at the root.

The rest of the fertilizing is carried out in the same way as when growing cucumbers in a greenhouse.

Traditional methods of feeding

As additional feeding after flowering, during the formation of ovaries, you can try a solution based on black bread. The loaf is cut into pieces and filled with 5 liters of water and allowed to stand for 2 days. Use as root or foliar feeding at the rate of 1 liter of infusion per 10 liters of water.

Perfect for any vegetables - liquid green manure: after weeding, pour the grass or weeds with water in a ratio of 1:3 and let it brew for 2 days. Used as an organic fertilizer at the rate of 1 glass per 10 liters of water.

If compost was added to the soil during planting of seedlings and the growth of cucumbers does not raise any questions, then the first fertilizing is carried out during flowering. In case of weak plant growth, it is necessary to apply fertilizers according to plan.
You can determine by the shape of a cucumber what elements it lacks. If the cucumber is narrowed at the tail or it is very curved, then it lacks potassium. On the contrary, when a cucumber is narrow at the tip and thick at the tail, it lacks nitrogen.
If cucumber seedlings have small dark green leaves, short internodes, and then a light border appears along the edges of the leaves, the cucumbers do not have enough calcium. Feeding with calcium nitrate helps here.
You can determine the lack of nutrition in cucumbers by the changed color of the leaves and their drooping appearance. This may be a sign of either a lack of phosphorus or another element. Determining the cause is not so easy, especially for a novice gardener. In this case, it is recommended to feed the cucumbers with ready-made complex fertilizer.
When “overfeeding” with nitrogen, cucumbers grow “green” – observed abundant growth dark green leaves and vines. Fruit growth in this case will be minimal. To correct the situation, fertilize with ash or superphosphate.

Cucumbers are healthy and popular vegetables. They are grown both in open ground and in greenhouses. For normal growth and good fruiting An important component of agrotechnical measures is feeding cucumbers. What nutrients do vegetables need, how and when to add them, read the article.

How to prepare the greenhouse and soil

Immediately after the harvest, which falls on autumn period, the greenhouse must be cleared of plant debris and the soil must be dug up. All structures made of metal, wood, glass, and plastic should be treated with a disinfectant. You can use bleach at the rate of 300 g per bucket of water. But before use, the composition is infused for three to four hours.

When growing cucumbers, feeding them is mandatory. But we must not forget that soil that has been depleted over the previous season also needs fertilizer. Its acidity will decrease if you first add rotted manure, humus or compost. For an area of one square meter, one bucket of organic matter is enough. After this, the soil is enriched with fluff lime or dolomite flour at the rate of 300 to 500 g per square meter of site area.

In the spring you need to dig up the area again. About half a month before planting cucumber bushes, a certain amount of nutrients should be added to the soil:

superphosphate and ammonium nitrate 20-30 g;
potassium salt 15-25 g;
potassium sulfate 20 g.

After this, the soil should be watered with an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate (three grams per bucket of liquid) and covered with a film, which is removed just before planting.

Feeding during the growing process

At different periods of the growing season, cucumbers in the greenhouse need feeding. At the beginning of development, the vegetable needs nitrogen, during the period of active growth - potassium, and during fruiting - phosphorus and abundant watering so that the fruits are juicy. Root feeding of cucumbers is carried out with organic fertilizers.

Mineral supplements can be applied by root and foliar methods. Cucumbers are fertilized during the following periods:

Half a month after landing.
After the plants bloom.
At the beginning of fruiting.
During the period of mass ripening of vegetables.

Feeding greenhouse cucumbers at the root

When three or four full-fledged leaves appear on the plant, root feeding of cucumbers is carried out in the greenhouse. What fertilizers can be used?

The first fertilizing is carried out with ammonium nitrate, sulfur or potassium chloride in the amount of 15 g of each fertilizer and double superphosphate, of which you need to take a little more - 20 g. The whole set is diluted in a bucket of water with a capacity of 10 liters. This composition is enough to water 10-15 bushes. This procedure occurs at a time when the roots are sufficiently strong and are able to consume the required amount of nutrients.

The second feeding of cucumbers with fertilizers is carried out half a month or even 3 weeks after the primary one. At this time, cucumbers begin to bloom and form ovaries. They need a lot of potassium. There is also a need for nitrogen, but to a lesser extent. However the best feeding for cucumbers are fertilizers with organic composition. To do this, use chicken droppings or mullein. The solution contains following components:

liquid droppings - 0.5 l;
nitrophoska - a tablespoon;
water - 10 l;
boric acid - 0.5 g;
manganese sulfate - 0.3 g;
potassium or ash, in its absence - 50 g.

The consumption of the prepared composition is small: three liters per square meter.

The third time the cucumbers are fed half a month after the previous procedure. This time they use liquid mullein, for which they dilute it in the amount of one and a half to two tablespoons in a bucket of water with a capacity of 10 liters. The solution consumption is greater: 7-8 l. The fourth feeding is done two weeks later with the same composition.

The need for foliar feeding

When growing cucumbers, vegetable growers draw up a feeding scheme, which necessarily includes a foliar method of applying fertilizers, that is, spraying the leaves useful compounds. You can buy them in the store (Epin, Zircon) or prepare them yourself. Here are the recipes for some of the compositions:

Superphosphate, nitric potassium, boric acid, manganese sulfur, zinc sulfate are taken in the proportions: 10/30/1/0.4/0.1. The unit of measurement is grams.
For another composition, a 1.5% urea solution in the amount of 50 g is diluted in ten liters of water. If you combine this solution with mulching, fruiting is extended for some time. Pine needles, humus or sawdust are used as mulch.
A teaspoon of boric acid and potassium permanganate crystals are dissolved in water (1 liter), 10-12 pieces are enough.

Such fertilizing has some advantage: fertilizers are immediately absorbed by plants, and useful material has lower losses. But you should always remember that this power source is additional. Beneficial substances obtained by foliar feeding do not saturate the plants with all the elements they need. It is used in cases where cucumbers are deficient in one or more substances or they do not have enough sun, since the domestic climate is characterized by many cloudy days. Similar fertilizing is carried out for cucumbers grown both in open ground and in a greenhouse.

Cucumbers in open ground

The beginning of planting these vegetables in the beds occurs at the end of spring and continues until the beginning of the first summer month. Plants find themselves in a new environment, which differs from the previous one in temperature and soil composition. In order for cucumbers to quickly take root and bear fruit well, you need to prepare it in advance. In the future, during the growth process, cucumbers should be fertilized in the soil, as a result of which the yield will increase and fruiting will take longer.

For cultivation, choose an area protected from the sun, but not very shaded. It is important that tomatoes, root vegetables, legumes or corn grow in the garden before this. You cannot grow cucumbers for several years in a row in one place. It is undesirable for the predecessors of the crop to be zucchini.

The site is being prepared in the fall. It is carefully dug up while simultaneously incorporating fresh manure, compost or humus into the soil at a rate of 5 kg/m². Organic matter is rich in nitrogen, but other trace elements are contained in small quantities. Therefore in spring period Potassium and phosphorus should be added to the soil. 10-25 g/m² and 15-30 g/m² superphosphate are sufficient.

Feeding cucumbers in open ground

For good growth and abundant fruiting, cucumbers need nutrients. Vegetables in the open ground are fed during the same periods of development as in the greenhouse. For this purpose, organic and organic fertilizers are used. mineral composition, as when grown in greenhouse conditions: mullein, dung, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.

Below in the article are examples of fertilizing for cucumbers, regardless of where they grow.

Folk recipes

Foliar feeding of vegetables is carried out using folk remedies. Thus, infusions of organic additives are good nutrition for cucumbers.

The rotted hay is poured with water (the ingredients are taken in equal proportions) and left for two days. Cucumbers are watered 3 times, with intervals of one week between procedures.
Wood ash is affordable and necessary fertilizer for vegetables. It can be used throughout the entire growth of cucumbers: from planting to harvesting. The interval between procedures should be 9 days. Use a dry substance or infusion, which is easy to prepare yourself. To do this, 200 g of ash must be poured with water at room temperature, left for two days, and then diluted in a bucket of water just before watering.
Chicken manure is of great benefit for the growth of cucumbers. Fresh is diluted in water in a ratio of 1/10, rotted - 1/20. But before using the infusion, the plants are first watered with plain water. Only the row spaces are treated with chicken manure.
Cucumbers are fed with egg shells, rich in microelements. To do this, it is crushed and sprinkled on vegetable beds. You can also prepare a tincture, for which you need to fill the shell with water and leave the solution for several days.
An additive to the nutrition of cucumbers is onion peels. A solution is prepared from it. To do this, 200 g of husk is poured into a bucket of water and placed on the stove. When it starts to boil, remove the liquid from the heat and leave for 5 hours. Watering is carried out for each plant.

Feeding with herbal infusion

Infusions of various herbs are good nutrition for vegetables growing in greenhouses and open ground. They are easy to prepare yourself. There is no need to go far for vegetation - grass grows under your feet.

To prepare the infusion, you need to chop quinoa, nettle and plantain. A total of one kilogram is required - 330 g of each herb. Next, the mixture is poured with 12 liters of hot, but not boiling, water and infused for three days. After this, the infusion is filtered.

Feeding cucumbers with yeast

This method is not common, but its use allows you to obtain high yields of vegetables. Food for plants is prepared simply: 100 g of yeast is dissolved in a bucket of water, the capacity of which is 10 liters. The infusion ferments for exactly one day. After this it is ready for use. Cucumbers are fed right to the root during the flowering period.

Vegetables will be enriched with phosphorus, potassium, vitamins and other minerals. Productivity will increase significantly and the taste of fruits growing both in open ground and in a greenhouse will improve significantly.

DIY organic fertilizer

Growing cucumbers is not complete without feeding them. All mineral fertilizers are purchased. Gardeners who do not have livestock in their yard also purchase organic matter. The costs have a significant impact on the family budget. But there is a way to prepare organic fertilizer that does not require investment. To do this, you need to collect all the weeds from the garden or beds in the greenhouse. Add dandelion leaves, plantain and chop everything into small fractions. Pour one kilogram of the resulting herbal mixture into a 10 liter bucket of water. Leave the solution for 24 hours, strain and pour it over the cucumbers at the rate of four liters per square meter of plot area.

Honey tincture

This feeding is important for cucumbers during their flowering period, as it attracts insects that pollinate the plants. To prepare it, just dilute it in warm water honey: one tablespoon per liter. When the solution has cooled completely, they need to spray the leaves and stems.

cucumbers grow well in fertile soil. On soddy-podzolic soils, they should be planted in the second year after abundant application of organic fertilizers to the soil. During the short growing season, the crop needs to form a powerful leaf apparatus and a large number of fruits

It is not recommended to plant cucumbers in fresh manure due to strong vegetation to the detriment of fruiting. Although fresh manure in a volume of 5-10 kg per 1 m2 can be applied under the predecessor or in the fall when digging the soil. Carbon dioxide, which is released during the decomposition of fresh manure, significantly improves physical properties soil.

The main organic fertilizer for cucumbers can be considered semi-rotted manure, which is applied during spring digging of the soil, in rows when sowing seeds or in holes when planting seedlings. For these purposes, you can also use waste greenhouse soil, compost mixture, humus soil or well-decomposed peat.

Of the entire norm of fertilizers prescribed for cucumbers, two-thirds should be applied for digging, and the rest - along with pre-sowing loosening of the soil, in rows when sowing or in holes when planting seedlings, as well as in fertilizing. In all cases to organic fertilizer add complete mineral fertilizer: 90 g of nitrophoska or 50 g of nitroammophoska.

Complete mineral fertilizer can be replaced with a mixture simple fertilizers, taking 20 g of urea, double superphosphate or ammophos, 20 g of potassium sulfate or 30 g of potassium magnesium per 1 m2. On acidic soils, liming should be carried out (preferably under the previous crop) by adding 300-500 g dolomite flour per 1 m 2 plot.

You can apply the following set of fertilizers to the crop: 3 kg of humus and peat, 2 kg of sawdust to loosen the soil, 30-40 g of superphosphate and 10-15 g of potassium salt per 1 m 2 of land. Fertilizers must be evenly distributed over the area and embedded in the soil to a depth of 20 cm by digging.

If you add granular superphosphate (5 g per 1 m2) to the rows when sowing, you can quickly get an early harvest of cucumbers. Powdered superphosphate must first be mixed with humus. Potash fertilizers at spring processing soil can be replaced wood ash at the rate of 150-200 g per 1 m2.

Cucumbers in middle lane Russia is usually grown through seedlings, which are fed twice with mullein (1:8) or chicken manure (1:10). The first time fertilizing with a liquid solution is carried out 2 weeks after emergence.

The second feeding is given 2 days before planting seedlings, adding 15 g of ammonium nitrate and potassium sulfate and 20 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of mullein or bird droppings solution. The solution consumption is 1 cup per 2 plants.

After planting cucumbers on permanent place The soil needs to be fertilized every 10-15 days, combining it with watering. Before flowering, cucumbers primarily need nitrogen to promote stem growth and leaf formation. For nitrogen fertilizing, 1 liter of mullein or 10 g of urea is dissolved in 10 liters of water.

At the beginning of flowering when applying liquid fertilizer based on mullein, microfertilizers are added to the solution (1 tablet per 1 liter of solution). You can also prepare an aqueous solution consisting of 10 liters of water, 0.5 g of boric acid, 0.4 g of manganese sulfate and 0.1 g of zinc sulfate.

During the period of mass flowering, the need for phosphorus and potassium in cucumbers increases, and sandy loam soils they are often deficient in magnesium. Therefore, from the moment the buds form and throughout the entire flowering period, it is necessary to increase the feeding of the plants, using complete fertilizer. To do this, add 40 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potassium sulfate or 20 g of potassium magnesium to 10 liters of mullein solution. The solution consumption is 200-250 ml per plant.

For fertilizing, you can also use the following complex fertilizers: 25 g of nitroammophoska, “Stimul-1” or 30 g of garden fertilizer mixture with microelements, but without chlorine, per 10 liters of mullein solution. The solution consumption is 1 liter for 4-5 plants. If it is not possible to prepare a fertilizer solution based on mullein, the dose of mineral fertilizers should be increased by 1.5 times.

During the period of active fruiting and when it fades, cucumbers need nitrogen-potassium fertilizers. Fertilizing with soluble complex fertilizer (20 g per 1 m2) has a good effect, especially useful on light soils where plants may lack magnesium.

If cloudy weather sets in for a long period of time during the cucumber growing season, you need to carry out foliar feeding with urea (20 g per 10 liters of water).

To extend the fruiting period, fertilizing with phosphorus will be required. Superphosphate can be applied before watering or rain, but it is best with irrigation water. If there is sufficient phosphorus supply, cucumbers benefit from fertilizing with potassium nitrate, which does not contain chlorine, which is bad for cucumbers. With absence complex fertilizer You can apply a mixture of simple fertilizers by diluting 10 g of urea and 10 g of potassium sulfate or 20 g of potassium magnesia in 10 liters of water and using the resulting amount of fertilizer per 1 m 2 of soil.