Gardeners in Russia and neighboring countries grow cabbage with pleasure and quite successfully. But the “set”, as a rule, is limited to varieties white cabbage different periods ripening, broccoli and cauliflower. Meanwhile, we already have popular types of cabbage that ripen earlier and bring less hassle when growing. In this article, we bring to your attention 5 types of cabbage that you may not have heard of yet, but which are definitely worth growing.

The long-awaited April does not always bring pleasant surprises with the weather. But sooner or later, all work in ornamental garden will start in April. From simple household chores and clearing plant debris, cutting dry clumps and mulching the soil to planting new flower beds, you will have to take care of a lot. Planting comes to the fore in April. It is better to plant bushes, trees, and vines this month. But don’t forget about caring for seedlings.

Among the variety of tomato varieties, as a rule, only two groups are distinguished: indeterminate and determinate. But the tomato world is divided into more diverse “clans”, knowing about which is not only interesting, but also useful. Tomatoes are divided according to the method of cultivation, according to ripening time, according to leaf shape, according to fruit shape, according to size, according to color... Today I would like to talk about varieties that form the most colorful group under beautiful name"Bi-Colour".

Enchanting April with its delicate blossoms and the first dazzling greenery is a very capricious and changeable month. Sometimes it unpleasantly surprises with its winter atmosphere, and sometimes it pleases with unexpected warmth. In April, work begins on the beds, and a full season begins in the greenhouse. Sowing and planting in open ground should not interfere with caring for seedlings, because the quality of the harvest depends on its quality. Moon calendar useful plants especially favorable at the beginning of the month.

Spring sanitary pruning allows you to form a beautiful crown, stimulates the formation of a high yield. Trees easily tolerate it, recovery occurs very quickly, wounds heal well. The main goal is to form the crown and remove branches that are broken and dried out during the winter. Winter pruning is especially necessary in the first four years after planting, when skeletal branches are formed. Optimal time spring pruning- from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring.

Extreme sensitivity to low temperatures makes zinnias annual plants, which are usually grown through seedlings. But there is nothing complicated about sowing and growing young zinnias. It is hardy and does not require special care plants that are easy to grow from seeds. And if you also collect own seeds, then you will get one of the most “economical” flyers in your collection. Bright baskets of inflorescences color the garden with a special cheerful canvas.

The domestic market offers a wide range of cucumber hybrid seeds. Which varieties to choose to get maximum yield? We defined best hybrids, according to buyers of Agrosuccess seeds. They were “Merengue”, “Zozulya”, “Masha” and “Director”. In this article we will tell you about their advantages. Since absolutely all cucumber hybrids have no disadvantages: they do not turn yellow, have many ovaries, the fruits are not large, and are resistant to diseases.

Eggplants are tall, erect plants with wide, dark green leaves and large fruits- create a special mood in the garden beds. And in the kitchen they are a popular product for a wide variety of dishes: eggplants are fried, stewed and canned. Of course, grow decent harvest V middle lane and further north is not an easy task. But subject to agrotechnical cultivation rules, it is quite accessible even to beginners. Especially if you grow eggplants in a greenhouse.

Lenten charlotte with apples and cinnamon on vegetable cream is a simple pie that is suitable for fasting people; this pastry can also be included in a vegetarian menu. There are situations when dairy products need to be replaced with vegetable ones, then vegetable cream prepared on the basis of vegetable fats comes to the aid of housewives. The taste of cream goes well with apples and cinnamon, baking powder makes the dough fluffy and airy, the pie turns out simply delicious.

When buying a blooming orchid, lovers of exotic plants ask themselves the question: will it bloom just as well at home and should they expect it to bloom again? Everything will be - and grow, and bloom, and delight for many years, but under one condition. As with any indoor plants, for an orchid you must initially try to create conditions acceptable for growth and development. Sufficient lighting, humidity and air temperature, special substrate - the main points.

Noble lush greenery, unpretentiousness, the ability to clean the air from dust and pathogens make nephrolepis one of the most popular indoor ferns. There are many types of nephrolepis, but any of them can become a real decoration of the room, and it doesn’t matter if it’s an apartment, Vacation home or office. But only healthy, well-groomed plants can decorate a room, so creating suitable conditions and proper care- the main task of flower growers.

Correct herring under a fur coat - layers in turn, the order of which determines the taste of the dish. It is important not only to put fish and vegetables in a certain sequence. Product preparation is also of great importance. Never cook vegetables for this appetizer the day before; overnight in the refrigerator they will lose some of their flavor and become bland. Cook the vegetables 2-3 hours before cooking and cool them until room temperature. You can also bake carrots, beets and potatoes in the oven in foil.

Experienced gardeners always have crystalline iron sulfate, or ferrous sulfate, in their garden medicine cabinet. Like many others chemicals, it has properties that protect garden and berry crops from numerous diseases and insect pests. In this article we will talk about the features of using iron sulfate to treat garden plants against diseases and pests and about other options for its use on the site.

Many people cannot imagine their diet without ripe, delicious tomatoes. Moreover, the variety of varieties allows you to choose the one that suits your taste the most. There are varieties that are called salad varieties, that is, they are best consumed fresh. These include the Honey tomato, whose name speaks for itself. In 2007, the Honey variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. “Agrosuccess” offers seeds from the best breeders in the world that have undergone additional testing

Retaining walls are the main tool for working with complex terrain on a site. With their help, they not only create terraces or play with planes and alignment, but also emphasize the beauty of the rock garden landscape, the change in height, the style of the garden, and its character. Retaining walls allow play with raised and lowered areas and hidden areas. Modern dry or more solid walls help turn the disadvantages of the garden into its main advantages.

Growing persimmons at home. The article contains photo observation of the growth of persimmon from a seed over 27 days.

First, let's look at some interesting facts about persimmons:

1. Persimmons are healthier than apples. It contains more sodium, calcium, manganese and iron. And also twice as much dietary fiber. Thanks to them, all waste and toxins are removed from the body. Simply put, the effect of persimmon can be compared to activated carbon.

2. Persimmon contains a large number of beta carotene. It contains more of it than pumpkin, sweet peppers and tomatoes, which means that persimmon is good for vision and skin. And also for those who abuse nicotine.

3. Persimmon perfectly satisfies hunger. In addition, persimmon is low-calorie (100 g contains only 60-70 kcal, depending on the variety), so it can be included in the menu for those who want to lose weight.

4. Persimmons are rich in vitamin C and can be a tasty cure for colds. Some even manage to rinse their mouths with persimmon juice by mixing it with a small amount of water. The presence of potassium in fruits has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and nervous system.

5. Persimmon helps fight depression. Persimmons contain a lot of magnesium, which helps calm frayed nerves, as well as glucose and fructose - a source of good mood.

6. Unripe persimmons have a rather unpleasant feature - an astringent effect, which is formed due to the tannin content. But this is easy to get rid of: just put unripe persimmons in freezer for a few hours or a few days plastic bag along with apples. The proximity to the latter promotes the release of ethylene gas, which helps persimmons ripen faster.

7. It is easy to determine the ripeness of a persimmon by its appearance: the skin should be hard and smooth, but through it it should be visible that the flesh is jelly-like. The sides should be soft to the touch, and the stalk should be dry and dark.

8. In addition to ordinary persimmons, there are also kinglets and sharons. How to distinguish them? The wren is the same persimmon, but with seeds, since the fruit grows from a male pollinated flower. Its main advantage is the absence of an astringent effect. The flesh of the king is brownish, with veins, which is why such persimmons are also called chocolate.

Well, Sharon is a hybrid of Japanese persimmon and apple. It is less viscous and therefore more tasty. There are no seeds in Sharon, and the skin is thin and shiny. From the Sharon apple, only the pulp was similar in consistency - harder than that of ordinary varieties.

9. Persimmon is not just a delicious fruit for dessert. When it comes to cooking, she is open to experimentation! For example, persimmon slices can be sprinkled lemon juice, pepper, wrap in a strip of grilled chicken fillet and serve with lettuce.

10. You can also add persimmons to vegetable salads - this will add piquancy to the dish, make the taste more original, and appearance– bright! Moreover, persimmons can be dried, cut into slices, and then served with tea instead of sweets.

ANDSo, now we can discuss growing persimmons at home from bonesglasses.

When the persimmon is eaten, the seed is washed, dried and placed in a pot of soil to a depth of 1-2 centimeters (there is also experience in germinating persimmon seeds in cotton wool), covered with cellophane film and sent to a warm place. Since persimmons are most often eaten in the autumn winter period, you can put a pot with a bone on the radiator.

Persimmon germinates easily, but it has a very strong seed; sometimes after germination the sprout has to be helped and the shell carefully cut off to expose the leaves. Such persimmons can begin to bear fruit in the 6th year, and if you live in the southern regions, then you can safely plant them in your garden plot.

Persimmon seeds have sprouted

Seeds germinate in 1-2 weeks. It's practically useless to hold any more. The pot, covered with cellophane, must be periodically ventilated, adding water as the soil dries 1.5 centimeters. After the sprout appears, the cellophane can be removed.

Persimmon sprout

The persimmon sprout is quite long - 10-15 centimeters. There may be a seed left at the end of the sprout. Its valves are very tightly closed, and if the seed does not fall off within a couple of days, the sprout may die. Therefore, you can carefully help the sprout get rid of the seed. You can do this with a sharp knife, a needle or scissors; if the seed is very tight, you need to steam it (spray it, place it in a plastic bag and put it in a warm place overnight), after which the seed will come off much easier.

Persimmon sprouts

The sprouts grow very quickly, so they often need to be transferred to large pots. Insufficient space for the rapidly developing root system can lead to the death of the plant.

With a lack of substrate, the leaves stop growing and turn yellow.

Care

IN summer time care consists in keeping the tree, if possible, in a well-lit place, in the yard or on the balcony. To avoid leaf burn, the plant is gradually accustomed to new conditions and shaded a little in the first week. During the growing season, fertilizing is carried out 2 times a month. In the fall, in October - November, they are transferred to a room with a temperature of +3-5 degrees Celsius or a cellar. The top of the soil is covered with a layer of wet sawdust and systematically sprayed so that the soil does not dry out. In February-March, transshipment is carried out, if necessary, watered abundantly and placed in a bright place.

Young seedlings form into small trees. At the level of 0.3-0.5 m, pinching is done for branching. 2-3 apical shoots are left, and when they reach 20-40 cm, they are pinched to form branches of the 2nd order, 2-3 branches are also left, etc. A rounded tree 1.5 m high is formed. The plant is early-bearing, the first flowers appear in 3-4 years.

Young persimmon tree

IN room conditions or in winter garden a persimmon tree usually grows up to 1.5 meters (you can limit its growth by pruning, and the splendor of the crown by regular shaping). In summer, the persimmon tree is placed in a bright and wind-protected place outside, regularly watered and sprayed; flowering occurs in June. During the active growing season, persimmons are fed twice a month. mineral fertilizers with low nitrogen content. In winter, persimmons are kept cool (at a temperature of about 5 degrees, not higher than 10 degrees); the soil must be periodically moistened with soft water at room temperature, and the plant must be sprayed. Excessive watering is very harmful and leads to the death of the persimmon tree.

Lower temperatures do not harm the fruits on the tree; on the contrary, their tannin content decreases and they are more likely to acquire an edible taste.

Persimmon flower

When does a persimmon planted with a seed begin to bear fruit?

Grafted trees begin to bear fruit at the age of 3-4 years after grafting, seed trees at 5-7 years, and in dry room air 1-2 years later.

What to feed persimmons with?

Feed the same as all other plants: preferably in the form of a compost extract.

How to grow persimmons from seeds and open ground

Who doesn’t love this oriental sweet fruit? Many people ask the question: is it really possible to grow this heat-loving tree here? How real! I found some tips on growing from seed indoors and growing in open ground in our harsh climate. So.. What kind of fruit is this?Persimmon, or Diospyros (lat. Diospyros) is a genus of subtropical deciduous trees Ebony family. In many species, the fruits are edible - they are large orange fleshy berries with 2-10 seeds.

Other names: wild date, date plum.The Latin name of the genus, Diospyros, can be translated as “food of the gods.”

Homeland - China. Widely distributed in Japan and famous for its magnificent fruits. The common cultivated varieties are common or Caucasian persimmon (D. lotus), eastern persimmon (D. Kaki), and more winter-hardy virgin persimmon (D. Virginia); Breeders have obtained many varieties. Persimmon is propagated by seeds and grafting on seedlings of Caucasian and Virginia persimmon.

More than 200 species. One of popular varieties is "King".

Persimmon trees are long-lived: plants aged 400-500 years have been found in China. fruit tree persimmon reaches a height of 8-12 meters and is completely strewn with large (up to 8 cm in diameter) fleshy fruits of various shapes; its yield is about 250 kg. Persimmon, shaped like a small tree, has decorative look due to the variegated color of the leaves before falling and the fruits hanging on the tree for a long time after the leaves fall.

The leaves are dark green, turning red before falling, 8-12 cm long, 4-6 cm wide.

Depending on the variety, the flowers are dioecious, monoecious and rarely bisexual. Female flowers large, single; males are small, sitting in groups of 3-5 on short thin shoots.

Varieties are divided into three groups: with feminine flowers(Hiakume, Hachiya, Gosho-gaki), with male and female flowers (Geili, Zenji-maru), with female flowers, forming a small number of male flowers in some years (Fuyu). These varieties can be divided into three more groups: tart, astringent (Hachiya, Seedles, Tamapan, Tanenami), sweet, non-astringent (Fuyu, Chinebuli, 20th century), changing taste depending on the pollinator (Hiakume, Gosho-gaki, Zenji-maru , Gailey, Tsurunako).

Persimmon

The fruit is a large fleshy berry 6-8 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, the skin is orange or red with a waxy coating. The color of the pulp depends on pollination - when pollinated it is dark in color. The weight of the fetus ranges from 200 to 300 g.

Persimmon is called the “plum of the gods” for its amazing sunny golden-orange fruits with sweet - delicate jelly-like or dense (in some varieties with a brown tint) - pulp and a delicate aroma reminiscent of apricot. Juicy persimmon fruits are not only beautiful and tasty, but very healthy and considered healing: they contain sugar, vitamin C, iron and other valuable vitamins and microelements.

The ripening period occurs in some varieties at the beginning, in others - at the end of October. More often than not, ripening coincides with the first frost, after which the fruit only becomes tastier.

So, how to grow persimmons from seeds yourself.

The seeds from freshly eaten fruit are washed, dried and placed in a pot of soil to a depth of 1-2 centimeters (there is experience in germinating persimmon seeds in cotton wool), covered with cellophane film and sent to a warm place. Since persimmons are most often eaten in autumn-winter period, you can put a pot with a bone on the radiator.

Persimmon germinates easily, but it has a very strong seed; sometimes after germination the sprout has to be helped and the shell carefully cut off to expose the leaves. Such persimmons can begin to bear fruit in the 6th year, and if you live in the southern regions, then you can safely plant them in your garden plot.

Persimmon seeds have sprouted

Seeds germinate in 1-2 weeks. It's practically useless to hold any more. The pot, covered with cellophane, must be periodically ventilated, adding water as the soil dries 1.5 centimeters. After the sprout appears, the cellophane can be removed.

Persimmon sprout

The persimmon sprout is quite long - 10-15 centimeters. There may be a seed left at the end of the sprout. Its valves are very tightly closed, and if the seed does not fall off within a couple of days, the sprout may die. Therefore, you can carefully help the sprout get rid of the seed. You can do this with a sharp knife, a needle or scissors; if the seed is very tight, you need to steam it (spray it, place it in a plastic bag and put it in a warm place overnight), after which the seed will come off much easier.

Persimmon sprouts

The sprouts grow very quickly, so they often need to be transferred to large pots. Insufficient space for the rapidly developing root system can lead to the death of the plant.

With a lack of substrate, the leaves stop growing and turn yellow.

Care

In the summer, care consists of keeping the tree, if possible, in a well-lit place, in the yard or on the balcony. To avoid leaf burn, the plant is gradually accustomed to new conditions and shaded a little in the first week. During the growing season, fertilizing is carried out 2 times a month. In the fall, in October - November, they are transferred to a room with a temperature of +3-5 degrees Celsius or a cellar. The top of the soil is covered with a layer of wet sawdust and systematically sprayed so that the soil does not dry out. In February-March, transshipment is carried out, if necessary, watered abundantly and placed in a bright place.

Young seedlings form into small trees. At the level of 0.3-0.5 m, pinching is done for branching. 2-3 apical shoots are left, and when they reach 20-40 cm, they are pinched to form branches of the 2nd order, 2-3 branches are also left, etc. A rounded tree 1.5 m high is formed. The plant is early-bearing, the first flowers appear in 3-4 years.

Young persimmon tree

In indoor conditions or in a winter garden, a persimmon tree usually grows up to 1.5 meters (you can limit its growth by pruning, and the splendor of the crown by regular shaping). In summer, the persimmon tree is placed in a bright and wind-protected place outside, regularly watered and sprayed; flowering occurs in June. During the active growing season, persimmons are fed twice a month with mineral fertilizers with a low nitrogen content. In winter, persimmons are kept cool (at a temperature of about 5 degrees, not higher than 10 degrees); the soil must be periodically moistened with soft water at room temperature, and the plant must be sprayed. Excessive watering is very harmful and leads to the death of the persimmon tree.

Lower temperatures do not harm the fruits on the tree; on the contrary, their tannin content decreases and they are more likely to acquire an edible taste.

Persimmon flower

When does a persimmon planted with a seed begin to bear fruit?

Grafted trees begin to bear fruit at the age of 3-4 years after grafting, seed trees at 5-7 years, and in dry room air 1-2 years later.

What to feed persimmons with?

Feed the same as all other plants: it is better in the form of a compost extract.

Growing in open ground

Varieties

Based on the quality of the fruit, persimmon varieties can be divided into three groups. Various varieties, the fruits of which, in the presence of seeds, are sweet even in hard form. This group includes the varieties Hiakume and Zelenji-Maru. Impatient varieties. Regardless of the presence of seeds in the fruits, they become sweet and edible in solid form only after acquiring the color characteristic of the variety. The variety Delicious (Excellent Giro) belongs to this group. Constant varieties are always tart in their solid form and are suitable for consumption when their contents acquire a jelly-like consistency. This group includes the varieties Khachia and Kostata (Ribbed). One variety is included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine - Sputnik. There are also varieties Nikitsky burgundy, Mider, Rossiyanka (self-fertile hybrid).

Elements of agricultural technology

Persimmons should be planted in areas of the site that are protected from prevailing winds, well-drained and warmed by the sun, without stagnant water. The distance between trees is 5-7 m. The dimensions of the planting holes are the same as when planting other fruit trees. crown formation They begin to form the crown when the plants reach a height of 1 m. Make sure that the height of the trunk is at least 50-60 cm. To lay the main skeletal branches, unfolded buds are left at a distance of 30-40 cm from the top, the rest are removed. The next year, from the developed shoots, 4-5 of the strongest and evenly spaced around the trunk are retained. The rest are deleted. Then, on each first-order crown branch, 2 second-order branches are left. On the branches of the second order, in turn, there are 2 branches of the third order. care

Care

includes the application of 10-30 kg of humus per 10 sq.m. (the older the tree, the more fertilizer to be applied). If only minerals are added, you need to give 20-50 g of nitrogen, 60-90 g of phosphorus and 30-50 g of potassium per tree.

It is better to apply fertilizers in the spring. To give the plants fresh organic matter, you can sow green manure in August-September, which is dug up in the spring of next year. Green manure improves physical properties soil, enrich it nutrients, protect from washout (water erosion). Since persimmons are grown mainly in dry places, the trees must be watered regularly, at least once every 7-10 days. Harvesting Harvesting maturity occurs when the fruits acquire the color characteristic of the variety. It is necessary to collect fruits with great care, avoiding the formation of dents and scratches on them. It is strictly forbidden to knock down or shake off the fruits from the tree. The difficulty of picking accurately is that the persimmon stalk is short and very strong. It is necessary to pick the fruit with two hands, one supporting it, and the other unscrewing the stalk

Store in boxes or baskets. With the onset of frost, the fruits are frozen. As needed, the fruits are immersed in cold water, where they thaw without losing their taste and nutritional components. Hard, but already colored fruits can be ripened by immersing them in warm (30-35o) water. At the same time, the tart-tasting fruits become sweeter. the most interesting thing Everyone is interested in finding out what kind of pulp is hidden in the still hard persimmon fruits. It's not hard to guess. You need to look at the fruit from above. If the black stripes on the top form several circles, then you can be sure that all the flesh of the still hard fruit is sweet and brown (chocolate) in color. But the stripes can only cover a part - half or a quarter of the fruit. And then, where there are circles, the flesh is dark and sweet, and where there are no circles, it is light and tart. It turns out that these indicator circles are associated with pollination. Persimmon has a four-locular ovary. If the bees have worked, they have faithfully pollinated the flowers. In this way, each ovary can be pollinated separately. Of course, few people think about the biological secrets of pollination. Male trees do not bear fruit and are often cut down, resulting in poor-quality fruit. It is unknown who the black circle marks are intended for. But people widely use these signs, preferring to buy kings, that is, fruits with a solid ring at the top.

Of course, persimmon is an exotic plant for our gardeners. But, as in any business, there are enthusiasts for its cultivation. For this reason, for beginning gardeners we recommend the “Rossiyanka” variety, hybrid variety which tolerates 35 degrees of frost. A ripe fruit weighs 150 -170 g. The seedling will give its first harvest in two years. Trees under five years old bear 15-20 kilograms. Seniors - up to thirty. This tree does not need to be treated with any chemicals. “Russian” is a hybrid, so it bears fruit regardless of gender. Even in the Transcarpathian region, persimmon grows even better than in Rome. Because the air there is dry, and she loves moisture.

On our windowsills you can often see many exotic plants that go well with violets and geraniums. Lemons, tangerines and oranges grown in flower pots no longer surprise anyone. But how to grow persimmons from seeds can be an interesting and useful experience for many.

In ancient times, persimmon was called “food of the gods” or “divine fire”. But it’s really very tasty – juicy, meaty, with a honey flavor. Her bones are oblong and smooth. Many girls collect them and string them with beads or use them for crafts and appliqués.

Persimmon got its name in ancient Persia and is translated as date plum; when dried, the fruits taste very much like sweet dates.

Persimmon is a long-lived evergreen tree, common in tropical and subtropical latitudes; its age can reach five hundred years, and the variety of species is no less numerous. The persimmon fruit is a large, fleshy berry with smooth, polished seeds; it often tastes astringent, but is always very sweet.

Most likely, its distribution began in China, but is currently grown anywhere in the world at tropical latitudes. The main exporters are Japan, China, Brazil, Korea, Israel - in these countries they know how to grow persimmons and get best fruits for export. In Russia, persimmons are grown in North Ossetia and the Krasnodar Territory.

The most favorite varieties of Russians are kinglet and ox's heart. These are sweet, juicy fruits with a honey flavor that are practically non-sticky.

Persimmon contains a large amount of vitamin A - 50% and vitamin C - 20%. It has a diuretic effect, is good for the liver and organs of vision, improves immunity, contains an impressive amount of antioxidants and is a preventive and therapeutic agent for many diseases from constipation to oncology. If you use it not only for pleasure, but also as medicine, then you can significantly improve your health.

1. Cardiovascular diseases. Persimmon is rich in potassium, which strengthens the heart muscle. Two fruits a day and you can forget about arrhythmia.
2. Immunity. High content of vitamins A and C.
3. Nervous disorders. Magnesium in persimmon acts as a natural depressant.
4. Intestines. Pectin fibers are a kind of brush: they absorb toxins and act as a mild laxative.
5. Cosmetic problems. The high content of vitamins and microelements gives the skin health and prevents aging. Persimmon has a beneficial effect on hair and nails. Magnesium, calcium, iodine and iron replenish the deficiency in the body.

In addition to benefit, it can cause harm:

• destroys teeth because it contains high level sugars and tannic acids;
• contraindicated in diabetes;
• does not combine with protein foods - due to tannins, proteins stick together, which interferes with proper digestion;
• The skin contains tannins, which interfere with digestion and form stomach stones.

How to grow a tree at home: main steps

All winter we are spoiled with an abundance of persimmons on store shelves. Sometimes it is so tasty that I would like to try growing it at home. Do you want something exotic? flower pot? Persimmon seeds at your service!

Get planting material very simple. Of course, you can buy seeds from some well-known agricultural company, but it is better to do it in a simpler and much more pleasant way. Choose ripe persimmons that are tasty and non-astringent. Eat it and wash the bones in warm water and dry.

In this tasty way, get several seeds from different fruits, then the guarantee that they will germinate will be higher. Now the seeds are ready for planting.

By the way, if you keep the seeds for a couple of days in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection, you can weed out the defects - those that float up are not suitable for planting. But you don’t have to bother with this method - out of a dozen seeds, eight will definitely sprout, and you won’t know who to give them to later.

Preparing for landing

The next stage is planting in the ground, which it is advisable not to take from the street, but to buy at a flower shop. There are two ways here. The first is to plant the seed in a flower pot and wait at least two weeks. By the way, many people do not have enough patience, and they dig in the ground with interest, waiting for shoots.

The second path is just for the curious. Place the seeds between two layers of moistened cotton wool and place in a warm place. Periodically wet the cotton cocoon with warm water and enjoy the sight of the swollen seeds - one day they will germinate and can be solemnly transferred to the soil. Plant shallowly - 1.5-2 cm will be enough.

Seedling care

So, our beauty has successfully sprouted and timidly peeked out of the ground. There may be a bone left at the tip of the seedling, from which it could not free itself. Gently help it with tweezers. Place the pot with the sprout on the windowsill to ensure good lighting. During the cold season, when daylight hours are short, it is advisable to add artificial light in the morning and evening.

Since we eat persimmons in the cold season, cover the sprout with a plastic or glass cup from drafts. This will create a greenhouse effect, and the persimmon will not die from cold air. Ventilate and spray periodically. After 4 leaves grow, the cup can be removed.

Remember that persimmon is a tree that is actively developing, so as it grows it must be replanted often: in the first year - as soon as the pot becomes small, in subsequent years - once a year, preferably in early spring.

Do not plant immediately in a large pot; soil unused by the root system can turn sour and cause root rot.

At home, I would like to have a small compact plant, and not a big thing that rests on the ceiling. To do this, you will have to form a spherical crown. After the seedling reaches 40-50 cm, cut off the top - this will stop the plant growing upward and begin to produce side shoots.

We grow new branches until the right size and pinch again. 7-9 lateral branches on the main trunk will be enough for a beautiful rounded tree that can bear fruit.

Correct temperature

Persimmon loves fresh air, but not drafts. In the warm season, keep it on the balcony or outside, and in winter it is advisable to provide a cool temperature of +5 degrees.

Watering

This plant loves humidity, but grows in a tropical climate, so excessive watering is very harmful, as it leads to rotting of the roots. Water the persimmon with water at room temperature in moderate quantities, the main thing is that the soil is slightly moist.

In winter, watering is significantly reduced, two to three times per season.

But spraying should be carried out regularly even in winter.

Top dressing

Persimmon does not like fertilizers and responds to them with diseases and poor growth. At home, the plant grows small and compact, so fertilizers lead to an overdose of microelements, which makes the tree sick.

On the other hand, you can’t do without feeding at all, it just needs to be moderate and not aggressive. Remember that organic fertilizers have a detrimental effect on the plant, because natural conditions persimmon grows on poor and rocky soils. Water it once or twice a month with a solution of humic acids or mineral complex For flowering plants. It is important that phosphorus and potassium are present in the fertilizing for successful fruiting.

Never apply fertilizer to dry soil. Persimmons should be fertilized during the growing season; no fertilizing is carried out in winter.

Winter storage

In the fall, around October, we stop fertilizing the tree and reduce watering. The leaves turn yellow and fall off.

In winter, persimmons enter a dormant period. The pot with the tree should be taken out to a cool room where the temperature is within +5 degrees. To prevent the plant from withering, you should ensure proper artificial lighting, it is desirable that the light be diffused. Watering is not required, two times in the cold season and periodic spraying are enough.

It is best to cover the soil with sawdust to maintain moisture.

Do persimmons bear fruit at home?

Many lovers of exotic things on the windowsill are interested in whether persimmon seeds can bear fruit at home?

For wild plant, and this is our sprouted seed, grafting of a cultivated variety is required to obtain a harvest.

If the plant is not grafted, then with proper care the fruits may appear in five to seven years, or may not appear at all. Grafting will greatly speed up the process and allow it to bear fruit in the third or fourth year.

The grafting procedure is quite complex and requires experience and professionalism. The fact is that there are so many tannins in wood that grafting must be carried out very quickly. Study the material on this topic well and consult with experts.

1. If you take a seed from a persimmon you have just eaten, it will sprout almost 100%. A fallen bone already requires special treatment before planting.
2. Persimmon easily adapts to any soil; it does not need any special feeding, but try to avoid black soil and organic fertilizers.
3. Don't be afraid to plant it tropical plant in temperate latitudes. There are many frost-resistant varieties that tolerate 20-degree frosts well.
4. Place the seedlings in a warm place, well lit and free from drafts. Keep away from direct sunlight, as it can burn the leaves.
5. Watering should be moderate as the soil dries out. But spray frequently.
6. In summer, if possible, take the pot with the plant outside or onto an open balcony, and in winter, provide a period of rest.

Conclusion

As you can see, grow exotic plant from a seed is not difficult. Caring for persimmons in a flower pot is also not a hassle. The main thing is to provide conditions close to natural - humidity, warmth, fresh air.

You may not get fruits or they will be small and not like store-bought ones, but the plant itself is beautiful, exotic and pleasing to the eye with its greenery and freshness. And most importantly, it was grown by you from the most ordinary, nondescript seed, which you once stuck in the ground and grew a new life.

Useful tips for gardeners who want to grow a persimmon tree in their garden: how to grow the plant, care for it and other advice, read here. Persimmon varieties.

For those who decide to grow a persimmon tree at home from a seed, it will be useful to first become familiar with the tree itself and the persimmon fruits.

These trees (genus Diospyros "Latin Diospyros") belong to the Ebony family, and their homeland is considered to be the famous China, like many other fruits and vegetables. There are a lot of varieties of this fruit, about 200 species, and there are also exotic (not edible) ones. has an average weight of 80 to 550 grams, and a diameter of 2 to 9 cm. There can be from 1 to 10 seeds in one fruit; as a rule, in many varieties there are very few of them. You can read and find out what beneficial features it contains much more.

The trees themselves have an average height of 6-12 meters, which can produce up to 250 kg of fruit in warm regions. Trees of this genus live for a very long time - 450-500 years. And some of their species have very valuable wood. Now this fruit, in addition to the Indomalayan region, is actively grown in Eurasian countries: Kazakhstan, Georgia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Abkhazia, Iran, even in Ukraine (Transcarpathia), Crimea, Russia (Dagestan and Krasnodar Territory), Italy, Spain and other countries. Some special species grow in the countries of Australia and America.

For those who want to grow this tree in Ukraine and Russia, you need to know that it will not be possible to harvest much. But it’s worth trying to grow, because it’s exotic tree persimmons will look very beautiful in the garden.

What lower temperature can a persimmon tree withstand? The “Rossiyanka” variety can withstand frost of -20 °C. Next comes the Tamopan variety - up to -15 °C, and the rest of the adult plants can survive -10 °C. Russian variety very actively restores shoots that were damaged by severe frosts and within a year it will be able to bear fruit again. In winter, persimmon trunks should be tied with burlap, spruce branches or other insulating materials.

How to grow persimmon from seed

The first step is to germinate our seeds obtained from fresh persimmons. To do this, they need to be rinsed under water and placed 1-2 centimeters deep in a pot with damp soil. You can also do this using cotton wool; to do this, put persimmon grains in damp cotton wool, wrap them in cellophane film and put them in a warm place, maybe on a radiator if it’s winter. Sometimes you need to open the cellophane and moisten the cotton wool so that everything doesn’t dry out and become moldy. It is also advisable to keep the pot with the planted seed in a warm place and can cover it with film. Sometimes open the cellophane and add one and a half centimeters of soil. Just so you know, persimmon is heat-loving, it always needs a lot of light and warmth, so you shouldn’t keep it in the shade or in drafts.

Seeds sprout in 10-15 days. If there is no result, then don’t keep it any longer, add new seeds and repeat the procedure. If a sprout appears, then the cellophane can and should be removed. If the seeds in the cotton wool have sprouted, they should be transplanted into a pot. If there is a persimmon seed left at the end of the sprout and it does not want to fall off on its own for several days (its flaps are tightly pinched), then you should carefully remove it yourself, otherwise the plant will disappear. This can be done with a knife, scissors or needle. If it has become very boring to our tree, then we can spray it warm water, wrap it in a bag and put it in a warm place overnight. In the morning the bone will steam and be removed very easily.

Persimmon sprouts grow very quickly, so if several seeds have sprouted, then each small future tree should be transplanted into a separate spacious pot. Root system This fruit has great activity and if there is not enough space, the sprout will wither. A lack of substrate will lead to poor growth of the young tree and yellowing of the leaves. So, don't skimp on good pot and the ground if you want to get a healthy and fast-growing tree.

Persimmon tree care

A young tree in a pot should be acclimated to the sun little by little in the summer, otherwise the leaves may get burned and dry out. To do this, the heat-loving plant should be shaded a little in the first days, but this should be done by placing it on a balcony, window sill, or taking it out into the yard. Throughout the entire growing season of persimmon, it should be fed alternately with mineral and organic fertilizers twice a month.

With the onset of autumn in October-November, the tree needs to be moved to a room with a temperature of +7 to +30 ° C, maybe to the cellar, but not advisable, there will be no light there. To do this, you need to lay a layer of wet sawdust on the ground and systematically spray or top up the soil so that it does not dry out.

With the onset of March, you need to transplant the tree into a larger pot with new soil. Water well and place in a bright place.

Next, it’s time to form young seedlings in small trees. To do this, at a level of 0.4-0.5 meters, you should make a clothespin to branch the tree. Leaving 2-3 apical shoots, wait until they grow 30-40 cm, after which they are pinched to form second-order branches. Then again they leave 2-3 branches and so on and grow a round persimmon tree one and a half meters high. The first flowers can be seen only in the third or fourth year.

Already mature tree With the arrival of spring, persimmons are replanted in the garden in a bright place protected from the wind. It should continue to be systematically and abundantly watered (but not flooded) and the leaves should be sprayed. Persimmons usually bloom in June. During the active growing season, the tree is fed with mineral fertilizers twice a month with a minimum nitrogen content.

In winter, persimmons are kept cool (on average -5 degrees, but not colder than 10, otherwise many years of work will be lost). You need to water it periodically with water at room temperature and spray the leaves. But you should water it without fanaticism, otherwise the plant will wither. Persimmon fruits are not afraid of cold; this even benefits them, since the tannin content decreases.

When does a tree begin to bear fruit?

3-4 years after grafting, the tree begins to bear fruit. If you grow persimmon from the seed of the fruit, you will have to wait from 5 to 7 years. If the tree is in a dry, constant indoor “climate,” then this period should be increased by another one or two years.
You need to feed the plant like everyone else: phosphorus, sodium, potassium and microelements from a well-balanced fertilizer or compost extract.

Persimmon varieties

1. Jiro- this sweet variety persimmon (up to 13% sugar) has flat-rounded fruits, grooves divide them into four parts from top to base. You can eat it even unripe.
2. Hachiya is a large self-pollinating variety weighing up to 300 grams. It is also called "bull's heart". These fruits have a conical shape with a bright red color. They have a wonderful taste only after full ripening, since their sugar content reaches up to 18%.
3. Hayakume - or Wren, also a self-pollinating persimmon variety, vigorous. Fruit average weight– 250 grams, round. This variety is easy to identify as all the fruits have concentric circles at the top. The fruits are considered ripe and edible when they turn brown. Sugar up to 17%.
4. Zenjimaru or chocolate king. This self-pollinating variety is characterized by small fruits up to 100 g and a dark orange color on the outside and a chocolate-colored pulp. The taste is very pleasant. They have a lot of seeds - 5-8 pieces. You can eat them even unripe - still hard. Sugar content up to 15%.
5. Tamopan- this is the most large variety– up to 550 grams. Also self-pollinating and vigorous variety. Has a constriction (cap) on top. Edible only after full ripening.

Video about growing persimmons at home from seeds: