This traditional way final finishing of the walls, which has not lost its relevance at present. We will not dwell in detail on the technology for implementing this type of finishing (especially since it is, of course, well known to most), but we will consider it from the point of view of use modern materials. About the latter we can say that there are paints only for rooms with high humidity or only for wooden surfaces; There are paints that can be used to achieve unusual effects and varied textures.

Before we look at paint and varnish materials, we consider it necessary to remind you that by the start of painting work in the apartment there should be:

1) repair work has been completed;

2) heating, water supply, and sewage systems were installed and tested;

3) work related to the installation, fastening and glazing of windows and doors has been completed;

4) clean plank floors or subfloors under parquet are laid;

5) trims are nailed;

6) the plastered surfaces are dried. This is especially important as wet plaster contains free alkali which can discolor the pigment.

So, all the preliminary work has been completed, you can start painting. All that remains is to choose a paint that is designed to cover a strictly defined surface. Currently, this procedure is called drawing up a finishing program. It includes the following factors:

1) a combination of impregnations, primers, putties, suitable not only for a given surface, but also for the selected paint;

2) procedures required to be performed when using appropriate painting materials;

Advice from the master

Modern technologies are aimed at creating not individual construction and finishing products, but lines finishing materials, which combine with each other as well as possible, which saves the consumer from mistakes and, therefore, saves his money. Violations of the composition of the painting layer (primer - putty - paint) and work technology will certainly affect the surface of the wall.

Paint and varnish materials are classified:

1. By type:

a) paints (both dry and ready-to-use);

d) primers;

d) putties.

2. By chemical composition on the:

a) oil (MA);

b) nitrocellulose (NC), etc.

3. For use on:

a) water-, oil-benzo-, thermo-, weather-resistant;

b) limited weather resistance;

c) conservation;

d) special (luminous, anti-fouling, temperature-regulating);

e) chemically resistant;

f) electrical insulating.

Thanks to these qualities, paints perform a protective function, forming hard films, protecting metal from corrosion, wood from rotting, etc. At the same time paint coatings more durable compared to cadmium plating, chrome plating, etc. This explains the widespread use of paint and varnish coatings, which should not only be environmentally friendly, but also easy to apply and maintain.

In addition to the protective function, paint coatings also have a decorative function, so the main feature of these materials is color. If in past years the industry produced ready-to-use paints, now the emphasis is on a process such as tinting, which means giving paint any color by selecting the appropriate composition using special equipment. The standard card contains more than 2500 colors.

When performing tinting, remember that:

1) before tinting the entire volume of paint, you need to make a series of samples to accept optimal solution regarding color;

2) the amount of paint should be tinted, which should be enough with some excess, since the “finished” paint may not match the tone of the original one;

3) if the paint is in separate containers, it must be poured into one to get an even color;

4) liquid paint is always darker than dried paint;

5) The paint color on a wide and limited surface is slightly different.

You can tint paint not only using equipment. This can be done manually, relying on color theory and the color wheel.

When working with paint, it is very important to know what it is, how it works, whether this or that paint will be practical in each specific room, whether it is durable, etc.

Paints can be based on water, emulsion, as well as drying oil, resins and varnishes. They contain both binders (linseed oil, alkyd resins) and carriers corresponding to each base. All this determines the “behavior” of the paint. For example, in water-based paints (water-dispersion or water-emulsion), the pigment and binder, present in water in the form of tiny particles, form a continuous film after the base (water) evaporates.

Depending on the base, paints are divided into:

1) alkyd (oil-based linseed oil and varnish-based enamels). They provide a fairly dense, durable coating and are used for interior finishing works. They are light and moisture resistant, but flammable, diluted with drying oil, turpentine, white spirit;

2) silicate (based on liquid glass). Forms a breathable coating. They are quite water and heat resistant and have bactericidal properties;

3) adhesive (based on organic polymers). They form non-waterproof coatings, therefore more effective in dry rooms;

4) emulsion (water-dispersion, water-emulsion and based on aqueous polymer dispersions: latex, acrylic, polyvinyl acetate). They are characterized by such qualities as non-toxicity, explosion and fire safety, and alkali resistance. Diluted with water. They are durable, change color, dry quickly, do not contain solvents, are easy to apply, environmentally friendly, and are more suitable than others for interior work.

Water-based paints are used to create volume, therefore they are called textured (structural).

In addition to liquid paints, there are also powder paints made from film-forming substances and pigments. They are applied by spraying.

Advice from the master

One coat of paint applied does not provide the necessary protective and decorative effect.

Painting, like other types of finishing work, requires preparation of the surface to be painted. Since water-based paints are the most popular, we will talk about preparing the surface for them.

New plastered walls are cleaned of dust, dirt, splashes and drips of mortar, and stains. Then the entire surface is smoothed, eliminating unevenness, large grains of sand, and small cracks (by rubbing the wet surface with a wooden grater). Large cracks are greased.

Old plastered surfaces need to be prepared. If after repeated painting a thick layer (plaster) has formed, it must be removed. Slight plaque is washed off with water. Adhesive na- white thoroughly wetted hot water(1-2 hours before) and remove with a metal spatula.

Finally, the surface of the wall is washed and rubbed with a wooden grater.

Wooden surfaces are cleaned, moistened with water and primed.

When painting with lime and silicate compositions, concrete and brick walls cleaned and primed with lime and silicate soil, respectively.

When describing decorative finishing For the ceiling, we focused on techniques that can also be used when decorating walls. These include rolling patterns with relief rollers, spray finishing, “mosaic” paint, as well as decorative coating"flock". We will focus on the technology of its application, since it differs from conventional painting.

Paint application process

1. The wall is primed and puttied. It must be clean and dry.

2. Apply the base layer of glue using a medium-length wool roller.

3. Then a second layer of glue is applied and acrylic particles are immediately sprayed from a flock gun.

4. After no less than 12 hours, varnish in one layer.

But painting and whitewashing are not the only ways decorative design walls There are others no less interesting ways, which we will now begin to consider.

Wood finish. Decorative features valuable types of wood (oak, ash, Karelian birch) can be imitated using paint cuts.

To do this, apply 2 layers of primer to a carefully prepared surface, the color of which should be lighter than the lightest areas of the corresponding tree. Each layer is fluted, as a result of which it is leveled.

The soil is dried for 1-2 days and a covering layer is applied to form a pattern.

Its color should be darker than the darkest part of the corresponding tree. The second layer is applied with a handbrake and immediately passed with a loosening brush, the long bristles of which, scratching, imitate wood fibers. Next, the pattern of annual rings is drawn using combs.

Marble finish. First, a layer of primer is applied with handbrake hands and leveled with flutes, then the pattern is made with a composition of a different color.

For greater naturalness, some blocks or stones are designated, and each is painted separately.

The marble pattern is drawn with paneled brushes, the contours are shaded with a flute so that there are no sharp boundaries between the stones.

Painting the walls. Video

Artistic painting of walls

To paint walls and ceilings indoors, water-based paints are used, which is why they are called water-dispersion or water-emulsion. The basis is most often acrylic and lime dispersion, and to give additional properties- such as hiding power, elasticity, abrasion resistance - additional additives are used. The quantity and quality of these additives affect the price of the paint.

Most often, water-dispersion paints should be applied in two or three layers. However, there are paints that completely cover the surface in one layer.

Gloss level

According to the degree of gloss, paints are deep matte, matte and semi-matte.
Deep matte paints have no shine and are usually used for painting ceilings due to their poor abrasion resistance. However, some manufacturers have deep matte wall paints that are highly resistant to abrasion.
Matte paints have virtually no shine; they are the most popular group of paints.
Semi-gloss paints – with a slight sheen – are typically used in kitchens and bathrooms.

Color selection

When buying paint today, you can choose almost any color and shade. Most manufacturers of ready-made paints have their own palette, in which each color has a name and its own code. Now in many stores you can find computer selection and color mixing stations. All you have to do is go there with a code, and the workers will prepare you the right amount of paint of a certain color. You can also choose the color based on the samples provided.
At Leroy Merlin you can order computer tinting in any color from the manufacturer’s palette. To find out more, go to the tinting counter in the Paint department right in the store and ask the consultants.

Necessary tools and additional materials

During the painting process you may need the following tools:

Protecting the premises from pollution

Before painting, lay thick plastic film on the floor. Cover transoms and wall panels masking tape. Radiators, windows and furniture should also be covered with polyethylene.

Preparing walls for painting (preparing the base)

1. The surface to be painted must be dry and free of dirt (especially grease or sediment from gas stoves) and from dust.
2. If the wall is new, it must be primed (to equalize the absorbent properties of different types of plaster, increase the adhesion of the coating to paint, and also reduce paint consumption). This applies to both plasters and concrete walls or suspended ceilings from plasterboard boards.
3. If the wall has already been painted, you should evaluate the condition of the old paint. Even the highest quality paint can peel if the adhesion of the substrate is poor. Old surfaces that are in good condition simply need to be washed or wiped down. At the same time, thick or peeling layers of old paint must be removed (for example, with a putty knife or scraper) and then primed.
4. Should not be applied to each other different types paints (for example, water-dispersed lime or oil paints), since the applied paint will lag behind. Painting can only begin after the old coating has been removed and the surface has been cleaned and primed.

5. All dents, cracks, scratches or marks from mechanical impact must be puttied, smoothed with fine sandpaper, vacuumed, after which the entire wall must be primed. This will allow you to obtain a uniform surface without dull spots on the treated areas. 6. Any surface discoloration, stains or discolored areas indicate the presence of mold or mildew. They need to be checked. If these are surface stains, it is enough to apply before painting. antifungal drug. If changes have penetrated deep into the plaster or into the wall, you should seek advice from a specialist. It may be necessary to knock down the plaster and apply biological treatment methods to the wall. It is important to properly dry the surface before painting.

ATTENTION

7. Wall panels should be sanded with fine-grain sandpaper before repainting.

8. Leaks from rust, nicotine and grease should be sealed with a special preparation or solvent-based paint. 9. If there is wallpaper glued to the walls, you can remove it, but if it is in good condition (no scratches, tears, does not peel off and does not come off the walls at the edges), then you can paint over it. 10. Removing wallpaper can be difficult (depending on the adhesive used). You can first wet the wallpaper generously with water or, as a last resort, use a simple punch and then a special liquid to remove old wallpaper. This will help to simultaneously get rid of any remaining wallpaper glue on the wall.

ADVICE

To find out whether old paint needs to be removed, just do a little experiment. Place a piece of self-adhesive tape on the wall and quickly tear it off. If there are pieces of paint left on the torn tape, this means that the old paint will need to be removed from the wall before painting.

5 Paint preparation

Any paint must be stirred thoroughly before use. It is most convenient to mix wall paints using a stirrer and an electric drill. Thinning paints. Most wall paints, if too thick, can be thinned before applying the first coat, e.g. clean water(maximum 5%). But some paints (mostly highest quality or mixed) may be spoiled. The relevant information is indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging of this paint. Pour a small amount of paint into a bucket or paint tray. After this, the paint can should be carefully closed so that the paint does not dry out.

6 Painting ceilings and walls

The wall must be dry before painting. During the painting process, the room temperature should not be lower than 5°C. Air humidity should not exceed 80%.

Information on how many layers of paint need to be applied to the wall is always on the packaging. There is also information about its consumption and how long the paint takes to dry.

First you need to paint the ceilings. For ease of work, you can use a ladder or a telescopic handle to which a paint roller is attached. This method is also convenient for painting high-lying wall fragments.

ADVICE

To apply paint to the walls, you can use a wide brush or roller. Painting starts from the windows and ends near the doors. Painting with a wide brush requires skill and physical strength. It is most convenient to paint with a paint roller with protection against dripping paint.

Good coverage Painting walls is achieved by alternately applying vertical, horizontal and diagonal strokes with a roller.
To ensure that the edges of the joints on the wall when painting different colors were even, you can apply masking tape.

ATTENTION

When purchasing painter's tape for edges, you should pay attention to how long it can stay on the wall (you can choose between 6-day and 14-day tapes). Adhesives of varying quality used for the production of tapes can, after a certain time, be absorbed into the substrate, which leads to damage to the painted surface when the tape is removed.

Hard to reach places

Sockets Paint the area around the outlets carefully with a small brush.
Walls behind radiators These areas are best painted with a small roller with a long handle.
Window frames Before painting, carefully cover the frames with masking tape. To paint, use a small flat brush or small roller.
Joints between walls and ceiling In these places it is most convenient to use a roller with a metal plate. The plate separates from the paint roller the area that should not be painted. When dipping such a roller into paint, the plate should be bent so that the paint does not get on it.

7 Decorative painting

ADVICE

When buying templates, you should buy a small special brush for them. The flat-cut hairs of this brush make painting parts easier.

Other decoration methods

You can also use structural paints, which are applied with a spatula or trowel (like plaster). They create a thick texture of a certain pattern on the wall. Depending on what tools you use, you can achieve different surface design effects using the same paint (traditional Greek plaster was smoothed by hand). You can also use paints of two colors to decorate the walls. After painting a room with one color, another color can be applied, for example, using a cloth or a special sponge.

ADVICE

Very interesting effects can be obtained using wall wax: colorless or a specific color. It creates a three-dimensional texture and emphasizes the specific nature of the pattern, while protecting the wall from moisture and dirt.

Home renovation is a fascinating and creative process, but at the same time quite expensive, both financially and in time. Painting the surfaces is considered the last finishing work. If you don’t want to spoil the quality of the repair at the finish line, you need to study information on how to properly prepare for it. The following questions may arise: how to prepare surfaces for repair, what better paint choose how to paint walls with a roller.

How to choose the right roller

For painting different surfaces Rollers of various sizes are required. For a large surface, you need to take a wider roller, approximately 250 mm, and for a frame, a roller 30 mm wide is sufficient. The remaining rollers, which have an intermediate size, are selected based on the convenience of work.

1. Foam rollers are used to work with varnishes, primers and water-dispersion paints. When using emulsion paint, it is better not to use such rollers; when using them, bubbles remain on the surface to be painted, which visually spoils the quality.
2. Velor rollers are used when working with oil paints and emulsions, resulting in a smooth, even surface. But there is a small drawback: they absorb little paint, so you have to refill it often.
3. To make fur rollers, natural fur, such as sheepskin, or artificial fur is used. A roller with natural fur will, of course, cost more, but will last much longer. The more prominent the surface to be painted, the longer the pile should be. Fur rollers are used when using oil paints and emulsions. The disadvantage can be considered the loss of fibers and their sticking to the paint.
4. The structure of thread rollers resembles terry towels. They consider it a virtue complete absence various types of falling out villi. They are easy to maintain and can be used for quite a long time.
5. Figured or embossed rollers are unique tools that require little preparation.

Tools

Before you paint the walls with a roller, you need to prepare all necessary tool so as not to look for it while working. In addition to the roller, you will need brushes; they are needed for hard-to-reach places where a roller cannot paint. Painting film is needed to protect the floor and furniture that remains in the room from paint. Paper tapes are useful for gluing small surfaces to protect them from paint, as well as for dividing into zones if painting is planned different shades. You will need a tray to pick up the paint more evenly. You also need to purchase a ladder. You can’t do without auxiliary tools, including:

• paint stirrers;
• scrapers;
• spatulas;
• grinding mesh;
• plastic bucket;
• silicone gun.

Safety precautions

When working with paints, you must follow safety precautions. You should use special clothing, wear goggles and gloves, and, if necessary, a respirator. Painting compositions should be prepared only in well-ventilated areas. In places where they are held Painting works, smoking and welding are prohibited.

Preparing walls and ceilings for painting

Before you paint the ceiling and walls with a roller, you need to prepare them. If there are small cracks on the surface, they need to be covered. You can use alabaster for this. Oily stains and mold can be removed with acidic or alkaline solution, wallpaper and old paint layer need to be removed. If the walls have differences of more than 2 cm, the surface needs to be plastered (note - the plaster dries for about 4 weeks); if the differences are smaller, it will be enough to putty the wall and then sand it thoroughly. After these procedures, the surface should be primed, this will significantly reduce paint consumption. If the room is already finished, it is enough to paint the surface with one layer of water-based paint, which should be diluted a little with water.

Preparing the ceiling for painting should be divided into several stages. First of all, you need to clean the ceiling of the old coating. Special attention should be checked for cracks or other damage. If there are any, they need to be eliminated. Then you should putty the damaged areas and level the surface. After this, the ceiling should be impregnated with a primer; it can be applied in two layers. The work must be done with glasses. After it dries well, you should sand the ceiling and then apply the primer again. The next step is to apply the final layer of putty. After all the measures taken, the ceiling should be sanded and painting should begin.

How to use water-based paint with a roller

The surface is covered with water-based paint in three layers. You should start painting from the lightest areas of the room (from the window) and move on to the darker ones. Sometimes the question arises, which roller is best to paint walls? water-based paint? Experts advise using fur rollers. The paint must be poured into a special tray, then the roller should be soaked in paint. It is not recommended to use dark, saturated colors, otherwise the joints will be clearly visible after the paint dries. It is better to make the paint tone a little lighter and paint in several layers. You don't need to put a lot of paint on the roller, otherwise it will splatter. Before you paint the walls with a roller, you need to paint the ceiling. Paint on the walls should be applied in parallel stripes - up, down, painting in zigzags is not allowed. In order to paint the corners of the room, you will need a brush.

Acrylic paint

Acrylic paint is a type of water-based material. Due to the fact that the paint contains acrylic resins, cracks do not appear on the surfaces painted with it, it does not wear off, and can maintain its brightness for a long time. Acrylic paint is resistant to high humidity and is able to bear high temperatures. If you choose which roller to paint walls with acrylic paint, it is recommended to use one made from synthetic materials.

Oil paint and enamel

Based on what kind of paint will be used, you should choose the type of roller. Before use, the roller should be inspected and made sure that there is no lint falling out of it or threads sticking out. Which roller is best to paint walls, if used? Oil paint or enamel? For this purpose, thread, fur and velor are best suited. However, it should be noted that velor rollers do not absorb paint well; you will have to apply it very often. As for fur rollers, the longer their pile, the more paint they pick up. Thread rollers are considered the most convenient; they paint surfaces well and are reusable. However, they also have a drawback: they can splatter paint.

How to paint walls with a roller without streaks

Among all types of finishing, painted walls have many advantages. The renovation can be quite stylish, relatively inexpensive, and easy to update. But there is also a minus - on a flat surface all the errors made during painting are visible. To avoid streaks, paint in two opposite directions when painting. Another important point: when you start painting the walls with a roller, you need to shade the paint properly. This will get rid of stains and smudges. It is not recommended to apply paint in a thick layer. If painting is to be done large area, you need to divide it into sectors and paint it sequentially. You can create sectors artificially using There is an easier way to obtain a perfectly smooth painted surface. To do this, you can purchase curly wallpaper for painting.

Painting walls using old paint

Painting over old paint is acceptable, however, only if the composition is old and new paint are the same. In other cases, in order to apply paint to previously painted surfaces, it is necessary to clean the walls of rust, old peeling paint, and mold. If there are cracks, they need to be filled. After processing and drying the walls, a primer should be applied. Cleaned, leveled and well-dried surfaces are considered the main requirement before painting such surfaces.

Relief rollers

Textured rollers are becoming increasingly popular. With their help you can do unusual design with your own hands. The advantage of such rollers is their durability and the ability to decorate not only walls and ceilings, but also wallpaper intended for painting, fabric and even furniture.

Can be applied in two ways. In the first case, it is used as a tool for stamping an image. The second method allows you to create a varied structure by treating the surface with a rough roller or pattern. There are several types of these rollers made of different materials:

• foam;
• rubber;
• tree;
• metal;
• textile.

All types of these rollers can be used on any smooth, flat surface; wooden and metal rollers are best used on plaster. The textured roller is assembled from two parts: a foam cylinder that collects paint, and a rubber attachment for making an impression. Before painting, the surface is cleaned, well leveled, primed and dried. Then you need to apply one coat of paint to the wall; it will be considered the base coat. How to paint walls with a roller with an embossed pattern? The following technology is used:

1. A small amount of paint is poured into the tray, the foam part is lowered into it and allowed to be well saturated with paint.
2. Put on a rubber structure roller, then remove excess paint.
3. Press the textured roller well onto the desired surface and lay a path - always from top to bottom.
4. Having reached the edge of the surface to be decorated, press the roller exactly along the border of the first design and draw a path again.

Almost every person wants to keep their home beautiful and comfortable. Moreover, if a person makes repairs to his home himself. Naturally, adding to your interior is quite easy; you can decorate your room with a new vase or a beautiful blanket. But it is much more difficult to paint the walls in an apartment. Unfortunately, you won’t be able to cope without special knowledge in this area. Or the option of completely redoing your work over a long period of time is possible. If you don’t know how to properly paint the walls in an apartment, then the portal’s article will definitely help you with this.

Tips and recommendations necessary for painting walls in an apartment

First of all, we will try to clean the walls of old materials. Indeed, painting unprepared walls in this case is not recommended. The work of painting walls is quite long, painstaking and takes more than one day. It follows that to carry out this work you will need to spend a lot of your time and effort. This in turn requires a lot of attention. In the event that the work of painting the walls in the apartment was carried out with a deviation from certain standards and was of rather poor quality, then the result of your work will appear before your eyes as follows: the walls, as a rule, will appear uneven, with various depressions and dents. All sorts of stains and cracks will also be visible on them. And in order to achieve excellent results in your work, you should resort to some existing requirements and rules.

Carrying out work to prepare new walls for painting

If you decide to paint the walls in your apartment with your own hands, then you should be concerned about the question of how to paint the walls in your apartment with your own hands. To paint a wall, first of all you need to prepare it for it. If the surface of the wall has not been previously painted, then you simply need to wipe it with a damp cloth, removing all dust and dirt. And with the help of putty, the surface of the wall will need to be leveled, thus eliminating various irregularities from it. Next, we again carry out wet cleaning of the surface. If this work is not carried out, then the millet paint applied to the wall will simply peel off from it.

Carrying out work to prepare for painting old walls

If the surface of the walls was previously painted or covered with wallpaper, then it will be necessary to prepare them by first removing all the old paint from them. To perform this work, you should use a regular spatula or a special metal brush.

If the wall is covered with old wallpaper, then it will also need to be removed, after which the surface will be completely cleared of any glue residue. If this procedure cannot be carried out in full, then the walls are usually painted over the existing old layer. But in in this case Be sure to apply a special primer to the wall surface.

There may be various oil stains or mold on the surface of old walls. Before you start painting them, you need to try to remove all stains using various chemicals. And those pieces of plaster that fall off the surface must also be removed, and the resulting unevenness must be carefully sealed with a layer of plaster.

Sprinkle in the same way with existing cracks and irregularities on the wall. After the work on leveling the walls has been carried out, you need to start priming them. This is necessary primarily in order to strengthen its surface. Next, the wall must be thoroughly plastered and primed again. You can paint the wall only after it has completely dried.

Applying paint to the wall surface

The surface of the wall has undergone complete preliminary preparation, then you can safely begin painting it. To properly paint the surface of the walls, you should follow some rules:

Apply paint to the surface of the walls very carefully and evenly. The brush should move first in one direction and then in the other. When painting walls, you should lightly shade the paint, otherwise it will simply flow down the wall, creating unsightly stains and drops. It is also not recommended to paint walls in very thick layers or use too thin and diluted paint solution.

When painting is complete, the brush should move from bottom to top.

When using substances containing drying oil to paint walls, you need to use a hair brush.

To paint a very large area of ​​walls, it will be necessary to divide the surface to be painted into several zones. The best option there will be seams or corners in these areas. In order to paint the surface of the door, you also need to divide it into several zones. In the case of using paint with drying oil, these works can be carried out immediately, without dividing the surface into sections. If unevenness occurs during painting, you should not apply a huge amount of paint on them, otherwise its upper layers will be uneven and begin to wrinkle. If the wall has unclear boundaries (for example, if the surface of the ceiling has not yet been finished), then to save paint, you should use paper tape. With its help you can achieve clear painting of walls.

How to choose wall paint

Above we talked about how to paint the walls in an apartment. Now we will talk about how to choose the right paint for such a case. The choice of paint should be based on its purpose and methods of application. It is necessary to take into account the fact that all rooms in the apartment have their own special climate zone. So, there may be high humidity in the kitchen or bathroom, unlike the hallway or bedroom. Based on this, we can draw the following conclusion: the paint for each room should be different. The most optimal and versatile option in this case is water-based paint. This choice is not random. It can be easily explained for the following reasons:

1. The paint does not have a sharp and unpleasant odor.
2. This substance is an environmentally friendly product.
3. Water-based paint is non-toxic.
4. Paint on water-based completely fireproof.

In most specialized stores you can easily purchase water-based paint. Unlike a suspension with the same composition, it contains binders. Its composition, as a rule, includes substances such as copolymers, styrene and polyarylates. They are unable to completely dissolve in water, but are present in it without destroying their internal structure. After painting surfaces with such a liquid, the water base evaporates, and all its constituent substances remain on the walls. Thus, a fairly durable color film is obtained.

Water-based paint can be used in any room, and even in those rooms where there is high humidity, for example: in the kitchen or bathroom, since after painting the film is not exposed external influence water on it. Water-based emulsion can also be used for painting various products from plasterboard, concrete and wooden surfaces, as well as brick structures. But there is one exception - metal. As a rule, it is better not to apply emulsion to it. Otherwise it will quickly become covered with rust. Painting wall surfaces with water-based paint is quite simple. An exceptional feature in this work is the painting of surfaces with a glossy top layer with emulsion. If you paint it with emulsion, then large, ugly stains will remain on the wall.

Color for water-based paint

When painting the surface, you can use emulsion paint. Thanks to the use of water-based paint, you can easily learn how to create beautiful and unique design in your interior. In this case, it will be necessary to use different tones. To select the desired shade, we need a dye called color. It is thanks to him that it turns out beautiful colour. If you want to get a bright and rich color, you will need to add more color to the emulsion. It should be added to the substance carefully, constantly stirring the mixture as you work. In order to achieve uniform color over the entire surface (especially when using white tones), you will need to determine the required volume of paint, for the simple reason that the entire area of ​​the wall to be painted must contain a layer with the same concentration of color. Otherwise, in certain areas of the wall surface the color intensity will be higher than in other areas.

Application of water-based paint occurs in several layers. To save coloring matter, the first layer can be slightly diluted with water. Subsequent layers are applied as usual. It is better not to dilute subsequent layers.

Painting walls with a roller

To paint the wall surface, it is best to use a special roller, equipped with or without a long handle. Before you start painting the walls, you should familiarize yourself with how the roller works. The roller has a roller, a handle and a so-called “fur coat”. The last element has the property of absorbing paint. Thanks to the fur coat, there is a more equal distribution of the dye over the surface to be painted. Rollers that have a “fur coat” without seams are more convenient to use. These tools last much longer and are very easy to use. As a rule, the roller consists of a variety of materials.

Let's look at some types of these devices

Roller equipped with a base made of polyacrylic and nylon. This tool contains a light shade and has colored stripes. It has increased strength and is more resistant to aggressive chemicals, which are contained in the paint. This type of roller can be used for painting nitrocellulose and epoxy dyes.

The velor and polyester roller is quite durable and flexible and can absorb paint well. It is suitable for alkyd and oil based paints. In most cases, this roller is used for finishing.

To paint the surface of the walls, you first need to decide on the size of the roller. If the wall area is large enough, then the roller should have a large work surface. To make painting the walls more convenient and faster, a rectangular container is used for the roller. Thanks to its small walls, it is much more convenient to dip the roller into paint, and due to the ribbed surface of the bottom, excess paint is easily brushed off the tool.

Technique for applying paint to a wall surface

If you want to make your walls more interesting in design, you can use adhesive tape when painting them. The technology for applying paint to the surface of walls consists of the following sequence:

First, onto a surface equal to an area of ​​approximately 1 sq.m. 3 strips of paint are applied. Next, using a roller, they need to be distributed over the entire surface. Before doing this, the tool must be thoroughly wrung out. If your plans are to paint a wall using several colors, or to create certain transitions on the surface consisting of different paint tones, then in this case you will need to use the following steps:

• First of all, mark the boundaries for future stripes on the wall using a pencil, and then paper tape is glued to them. The tape should be applied in such a way that all the stripes are painted over. If the tape does not fit tightly to the wall, the result will be unsightly stains.
• To obtain beautiful and straight stripes, you will need to use a colorless varnish. It is applied to the seam located between the wall surface and the tape.
• In order to decide on the right paint tone, you need to choose it more carefully. It is worth considering the color combination in your interior. Also, after painting the walls, you should not immediately remove the border between colors marked with masking tape. Wait until the paint is completely dry.

Kitchen and bathroom painting

Drawing in the bathroom. In order to paint the surface of the walls in the bathroom, you must perform the following steps:

1. First of all, it is necessary to prime the walls with a special waterproof substance.
2. After priming, the surface is leveled using putty.
3. A special impregnation with excellent water-resistant properties is applied to the leveled wall.

Wall decoration is one of the most important stages renovations in the apartment, because they are the ones that immediately catch your eye. I want the home to have an atmosphere of comfort and beauty, and at the same time, so that the repair costs do not exceed the budget. One of the most simple solutions finishing - painting the walls. Anyone can do the work themselves, but still, it’s worth knowing a few rules of technology. We will look at how to paint walls correctly in this article.

Paint can be used both for decorative finishing and for surface protection. They differ in their composition:

1. Emulsion
2. Alkyd
3. Adhesive
4. Silicate
5. Polyurethane

Emulsion paints some of the best. Are different high performance: their consumption is kept to a minimum, they are harmless and odorless, and dry quickly. But they can only be used in heated rooms. There are several types:

Acrylic. They are pricey, but they are worth every penny spent. Acrylic paints durable, not afraid of light. However, they are not used in rooms with high humidity; despite the fact that they repel water, they are still afraid of it.

Latex. The most expensive. Due to the latex content, the paint dries very quickly. It can be applied to wallpaper or bare walls. Masks minor surface imperfections. But this type is less resistant to light.

Water-based. Dries almost instantly. Very durable, mask small cracks and have a huge variety of choices. They are not afraid of water, but if washed too often, the coating may lose its appearance.

Water-dispersed. The main advantage is moisture resistance. Can be used for coating in damp areas. Most often they are produced in white, which means they will have to be diluted with color. They are afraid of cold rooms.

Silicone. Due to the silicone content, this type of paint is the most elastic. They can be applied to cracks, to any coating, even with old finishes. The downside is that it takes a long time to dry.

Alkyd paints There are two types: oil and enamel. The paint will emit an odor for some time after application. They cannot be washed and they support combustion. They are not often used inside living rooms due to their harmfulness.

Oily alkyd paints They emit a toxic substance during operation, but are very cheap. They take a very long time to dry. Enamel ones dry much faster and will not fade during use.

Adhesive paints afraid of water. They are more suitable for ceilings than for walls, because they are not recommended to be washed frequently and can fade in the sun. But they are much cheaper than many other types.

Silicate paints They will last for many years, but they contain alkali, which increases the risk of damage during operation. Not suitable for all types of surfaces and do not come into contact with other types of paints.

Polyurethane paints rarely used due to their cost. But they are worth the money. Not afraid of light, temperature changes and chemicals. They will last a very long time. They are most often used to paint a bathtub or kitchen, since such a coating can withstand all conditions.

In addition to composition, paints are also distinguished by texture. There are relief ones - the surface will not be smooth, but with roughness. Decorative ones create imitation natural materials. Matte paints are difficult to clean, so they are used in living rooms or bedrooms. Glossy surface Suitable for finishing bathrooms and kitchens as it is easy to clean.

What paint to paint the walls

The paint must have the following characteristics:

1. Safety
2. Durability
3. Easy to care for
4. Wear resistance

What paint is best to paint walls? Safety is the first criterion when choosing paint. A wide selection of compositions allows you not to fix your gaze on only one specific type. Don't be afraid to ask for quality certificates. Always check the composition, it should not contain toxic substances above permissible norm. Some substances can be harmful not only during operation, but even after drying. Don't skimp on yourself and buy quality products.

According to its characteristics, the paint must have high characteristics so that its service life is not short. One of the most important conditions is resistance to mechanical damage. Of course, no species can withstand a strong blow, but it should not endure much damage. Otherwise it will start to crumble. Paint should not be afraid of light. Then it will not fade or fade and will serve you for many years.

Choose waterproof paints. At first glance, this condition seems decisive only when painting walls in damp rooms. But if the paint does not like water, then it is not recommended to wash it. And to do only dry cleaning is just to drive away dust. You will have to clean such a surface carefully, and if stains appear, you are unlikely to remove them. Besides moisture-resistant types have higher characteristics, so it is better to buy them.

If you are wondering how to paint the walls in a room with your own hands, then another selection criterion is drying time. The paint is applied in several layers; if it dries for a long time, the repair may take longer. Therefore, purchase paints that dry quickly enough.

woman paint on wall

The more expensive the paint, the better it is. But not everyone is ready to spend money. In fact, by purchasing cheap paints, you may not save money, the point here is in expense. Manufacturers indicate how much paint is required. Poor quality and cheap quickly absorbs into the walls, and sometimes you even need to apply it in three or four layers before it acquires the right type. Therefore, pay attention to the manufacturers' instructions on material consumption.

Required Tools

Painting does not require a huge range of tools. All you need is a paint tray, a brush and a roller. The brush is used to get into hard-to-reach places, so take one wide and one narrow.
A short-nap roller is used when painting smooth walls. Middle length The pile is suitable for textured and rough, matte coatings. If you have textured walls- it’s a long pile.

Preparing the wall surface

How to paint the walls in an apartment correctly? Before you start working directly, you should carefully prepare the walls. The accuracy and beauty of the paint application will depend on how carefully you treat the walls. The preparation process consists of several stages:

1. Preparing the room
2. Surface cleaning
3. Removing cracks and irregularities
4. Primer

Working with paint is dirty; if you accidentally swing a brush or roller, the stains can spread throughout the room. Therefore, block off the entire space with film. Turn off the electricity, just in case you accidentally touch an outlet, you will be safe. The joints between the floor and walls can be sealed with masking tape. Do the same with the sockets.

The surface of the walls must be thoroughly washed. Remove any existing stains, mildew or mold. You can use vinegar or ammonia. Also get rid of the old coating, if any. If you bought paint that can be applied to other types of finishes, then make sure that the old layer adheres well, does not fall off anywhere, or peel off. Otherwise, you need to get rid of these shortcomings. old paint You can remove it from the walls with a special compound that is sold at a hardware store. If you had wallpaper before, remove it with a spatula and warm soapy water.

Primer is a necessary type of work and should not be skipped. It will protect your walls from the formation of fungus and mold. It will make the surface smoother, so your paint will not be absorbed into the base coating, and this will significantly save consumption. It is best to apply two layers. If your base coat is made of concrete, you can apply all three layers. Concrete is very absorbent, so let it absorb the primer rather than the paint. After priming, get rid of large cracks and holes.

DIY wall painting

If you have white paint and color, then first you need to dilute them. Try diluting in a small container to desired color. Remember the proportions and transfer them to the bucket.

How to paint walls yourself:

One surface should be painted at once. Under no circumstances leave a wall painted only halfway for a long time; this will lead to the border at the junction being visible to the naked eye.

Using a roller, paint the entire surface from top to bottom. You cannot work from below, as smudges will subsequently form, which you will not be able to get rid of later.

After covering the surface, use a brush to paint hard-to-reach places and corners. After applying the first layer, you need to wait until it dries completely. The drying time is indicated on the packaging, but it’s better to check with your hand somewhere in the corner to see if the surface is sticky. Then proceed to the next layer. During the drying process, make sure that temperature regime, which is indicated in the instructions. It is better to avoid direct exposure to light during the drying period.