Wall decoration is one of the most important stages renovations in the apartment, because they are the ones that immediately catch your eye. I want the home to have an atmosphere of comfort and beauty, and at the same time, so that the repair costs do not exceed the budget. One of the most simple solutions finishing - painting the walls. Anyone can do the work themselves, but still, it’s worth knowing a few rules of technology. We will look at how to paint walls correctly in this article.

Paint can be used both for decorative finishing and for surface protection. They differ in their composition:

1. Emulsion
2. Alkyd
3. Adhesive
4. Silicate
5. Polyurethane

Emulsion paints some of the best. Are different high performance: their consumption is kept to a minimum, they are harmless and odorless, and dry quickly. But they can only be used in heated rooms. There are several types:

Acrylic. They are pricey, but they are worth every penny spent. Acrylic paints are durable and not afraid of light. However, they are not used in rooms with high humidity, despite the fact that they repel water, they are still afraid of it.

Latex. The most expensive. Due to the latex content, the paint dries very quickly. It can be applied to wallpaper or bare walls. Masks minor surface imperfections. But this type is less resistant to light.

Water-based. Dries almost instantly. Very durable, mask small cracks and have a huge variety of choices. They are not afraid of water, but if washed too often, the coating may lose its appearance.

Water-dispersed. The main advantage is moisture resistance. Can be used for coating in damp areas. Most often they are produced in white, which means they will have to be diluted with color. They are afraid of cold rooms.

Silicone. Due to the silicone content, this type of paint is the most elastic. They can be applied to cracks, to any coating, even with old finishes. The downside is that it takes a long time to dry.

Alkyd paints There are two types: oil and enamel. The paint will emit an odor for some time after application. They cannot be washed and they support combustion. They are not often used inside living rooms due to their harmfulness.

Oily alkyd paints They emit a toxic substance during operation, but are very cheap. They take a very long time to dry. Enamel ones dry much faster and will not fade during use.

Adhesive paints afraid of water. They are more suitable for ceilings than for walls, because they are not recommended to be washed frequently and can fade in the sun. But they are much cheaper than many other types.

Silicate paints They will last for many years, but they contain alkali, which increases the risk of damage during operation. Not suitable for all types of surfaces and do not come into contact with other types of paints.

Polyurethane paints rarely used due to their cost. But they are worth the money. Not afraid of light, temperature changes and chemicals. They will last a very long time. They are most often used to paint a bathtub or kitchen, since such a coating can withstand all conditions.

In addition to composition, paints are also distinguished by texture. There are relief ones - the surface will not be smooth, but with roughness. Decorative ones create imitation natural materials. Matte paints are difficult to clean, so they are used in living rooms or bedrooms. Glossy surface Suitable for finishing baths and kitchens as it is easy to clean.

What paint to paint the walls

The paint must have the following characteristics:

1. Safety
2. Durability
3. Easy to care for
4. Wear resistance

What paint is best to paint walls? Safety is the first criterion when choosing paint. A wide selection of compositions allows you not to fix your gaze on only one specific type. Don't be afraid to ask for quality certificates. Always check the composition, it should not contain toxic substances above permissible norm. Some substances can be harmful not only during operation, but even after drying. Don't skimp on yourself and buy quality products.

According to its characteristics, the paint must have high characteristics so that its service life is not short. One of the most important conditions— resistance to mechanical damage. Of course, no species can withstand a strong blow, but it should not endure much damage. Otherwise it will start to crumble. Paint should not be afraid of light. Then it will not fade or fade and will serve you for many years.

Choose waterproof paints. At first glance, this condition seems decisive only when painting walls in damp rooms. But if the paint does not like water, then it is not recommended to wash it. And to do only dry cleaning is just to drive away dust. You will have to clean such a surface carefully, and if stains appear, you are unlikely to remove them. Besides moisture-resistant types have higher characteristics, so it is better to buy them.

If you are wondering how to paint the walls in a room with your own hands, then another selection criterion is drying time. The paint is applied in several layers; if it dries for a long time, the repair may take longer. Therefore, purchase paints that dry quickly enough.

woman paint on wall

The more expensive the paint, the better it is. But not everyone is ready to spend money. In fact, by purchasing cheap paints, you may not save money, the point here is in expense. Manufacturers indicate how much paint is required. Poor quality and cheap quickly absorbs into the walls, and sometimes you even need to apply it in three or four layers before it acquires the right type. Therefore, pay attention to the manufacturers' instructions on material consumption.

Required Tools

Painting does not require a huge range of tools. All you need is a paint tray, a brush and a roller. The brush is used to get into hard-to-reach places, so take one wide and one narrow.
A short-nap roller is used when painting smooth walls. Medium-length pile is suitable for textured and rough, matte coatings. If you have textured walls- it’s a long pile.

Preparing the wall surface

How to paint the walls in an apartment correctly? Before you start working directly, you should carefully prepare the walls. The accuracy and beauty of the paint application will depend on how carefully you treat the walls. The preparation process consists of several stages:

1. Preparing the room
2. Surface cleaning
3. Removing cracks and irregularities
4. Primer

Working with paint is dirty; if you accidentally swing a brush or roller, the stains can spread throughout the room. Therefore, block off the entire space with film. Turn off the electricity, just in case you accidentally touch an outlet, you will be safe. The joints between the floor and walls can be sealed with masking tape. Do the same with the sockets.

The surface of the walls must be thoroughly washed. Remove any existing stains, mildew or mold. You can use vinegar or ammonia. Also get rid of the old coating, if any. If you bought paint that can be applied to other types of finishes, then make sure that the old layer adheres well, does not fall off anywhere, or peel off. Otherwise, you need to get rid of these shortcomings. old paint You can remove it from the walls with a special compound that is sold in a hardware store. If you previously had wallpaper, remove it with a spatula and warm soapy water.

Primer is a necessary type of work and should not be skipped. It will protect your walls from the formation of fungus and mold. It will make the surface smoother, so your paint will not be absorbed into the base coating, and this will significantly save consumption. It is best to apply two layers. If your base coat is made of concrete, you can apply all three layers. Concrete is very absorbent, so let it absorb the primer rather than the paint. After priming, get rid of large cracks and holes.

DIY wall painting

If you have white paint and color, then first you need to dilute them. Try diluting in a small container to desired color. Remember the proportions and transfer them to the bucket.

How to paint walls yourself:

One surface should be painted at once. Under no circumstances leave a wall painted only halfway for a long time; this will lead to the border at the junction being visible to the naked eye.

Using a roller, paint the entire surface from top to bottom. You cannot work from below, as smudges will subsequently form, which you will not be able to get rid of later.

After covering the surface, use a brush to paint hard-to-reach places and corners. After applying the first layer, you need to wait until it dries completely. The drying time is indicated on the packaging, but it’s better to check with your hand somewhere in the corner to see if the surface is sticky. Then proceed to the next layer. During the drying process, make sure that temperature regime, which is indicated in the instructions. It is better to avoid direct exposure to light during the drying period.

Updated: 05/11/2018 14:35:23

Experienced homeowners remember with horror this type of finishing of walls and ceilings, such as whitewashing. On the one hand there is a beautiful snow-white surface, and on the other there are a lot of problems. Very timely producers paint and varnish materials developed alternative views paints With their help you can decorate the ceiling and walls as in ultra White color, and add some zest in the form of a multi-colored coating. The care of a painted surface also compares favorably with archaic whitewashing. In most cases, you can clean ceilings and walls without worry by adding mild alkaline detergents to the water. When choosing the right paint, experts recommend paying attention to several points.

Criteria for choosing paint for ceilings and walls

Many buyers start their choice with the price range. But cheap budget paint can make repairs very expensive. The fact is that each paint has its own hiding power. If you can achieve perfect coverage in one pass, it will be more profitable than applying 2-3 layers with a break for drying. The overall price of the repair is also affected by paint consumption.

An important parameter for users will be durability of the painted surface. After drying, high-quality paint is water- and dirt-repellent and does not change its original color even when exposed to sunlight.

When choosing a material, it is worth considering the nature of the room. Almost all paints behave well in heated rooms. But not all products can withstand temperature changes and high humidity.

Our review includes the best paints for ceilings and walls. When compiling the rating, the following criteria were taken into account:

appointment;

specifications;

opinion of experts and finishers;

user reviews.

Rating of the best paints for ceilings and walls

Nomination	place	Name of product	price
The best silicone water-based paint for walls and ceilings	1		1 500 ₽
	2		2,900 ₽
	3		-
	4		RUR 2,890
The best silicate water-based paint for walls and ceilings	1		8,985 RUR
	2		5,947 ₽
	3		RUR 3,377
The best acrylic water-based paint	1		1,750 RUR
	2		1,550 RUR
	3		582 RUR
The best latex paints for walls and ceilings	1		2,950 RUR
	2		440 ₽
	3		3 600 ₽
	4		999 RUR

The best silicone water-based paint for walls and ceilings

Some of the most reliable paint and varnish materials for ceilings and walls are water-based products based on silicone resin. Experts include abrasion resistance and water-repellent properties as the advantages of such paints. Therefore, they can be used in rooms with aggressive environments. The experts selected several high-quality models.

Synonymous with quality in the field of interior decoration is the products of the Finnish company TIKKURILA. In our rating, the winner was TIKKURILA Euro Extra 20 paint. It collected all the main advantages of modern silicone paints. These include pure color, UV resistance, environmental friendliness, and excellent performance characteristics. All these wonderful properties are inherent in real Tikkurila. A product made in Russia does not always correspond to the famous brand.

Professionals highlight the absence of odor during work, neutral attitude towards water and household detergents. It is difficult to find negative reviews from ordinary consumers. The only drawback is the high price, but the excellent quality is worth the money spent.

Advantages

environmental friendliness;

ease of application;

durability;

UV resistance.

Flaws

• high price.

Silicone water-based paint Caparol CapaSilan has high hiding power. Even in one pass, specialists manage to paint walls and ceilings, which greatly simplifies the work. It should be noted that Caparol is one of the few companies that specialize in the production of silicone-based paints and varnishes. Experts gave this paint second place also because when painting it is possible to close cracks in the base up to 2 mm wide.

The painted surface is practically not contaminated due to the water- and dust-repellent effect. It is not difficult to wash it with water and household detergents. Caparol CapaSilan paint failed to overtake the winner due to its higher price.

Advantages

excellent hiding power;

easy application;

water-repellent effect.

Flaws

• high price.

Silicone water-based paint LITOKOL LITOTHERM PAINT SIL has high performance characteristics. Experts note reliable protection surfaces from moisture and contamination, resistance of the formed layer to ultraviolet radiation. Overall, the paint has the qualities of a premium material. The advantages of this paint include a rich range of colors. The painted surface may long time remain in excellent condition even in harsh climatic conditions.

But this paint took third place due to the company’s policy, which provides for the use of LITOKOL brand plaster, putty and primer. Otherwise, the quality of the finishing coating is significantly reduced.

Advantages

moisture resistance;

rich color palette;

resistance to negative weather conditions.

Flaws

• the need to prepare the surface with LITOKOL materials.

A well-known manufacturer from Germany has launched the production of ALPINA EXPERT paint in our country. There are both positive and negative aspects to this. According to experts, this silicone paint is inferior in quality to the top three. Therefore, it is recommended to use it in rooms where there are no strong temperature changes and low humidity. At the same time, the material has the lowest price and economical consumption. The average is 140 ml of paint per 1 square. m of prepared surface.

Many users speak flatteringly about the properties of ALPINA EXPERT paint. It attracts homeowners with its affordability and good performance.

Advantages

affordable price;

economical consumption of material;

durability of the painted surface.

Flaws

Suitable for heated premises only;

gets dirty quickly and cannot be washed.

The best silicate water-based paint for ceilings and walls

The use of liquid glass in paint and varnish production has made it possible to make the painted surface resistant to different negative factors. Silicate paint can be used for both interior and exterior work. At the same time, many manufacturers have managed to offer affordable prices to customers. Considering the environmental friendliness of the material, it turns out great option for decorating children's rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.

Silicate paint TIKKURILA FINNGARD SILIKAATTIMAALI is a one-component deep matte material. Along with the usual high performance qualities, experts especially highlighted the wide temperature range of application. The painted surface holds up well both in 50-degree frost and in tropical heat of + 60°C. But it is not only for this feature that the paint became the winner of our rating. Factors such as the vapor permeability of the layer and its dirt-repellent ability also had an impact. The material consumption also looks good, especially compared to its closest competitors.

Not only builders and finishers liked the paint. It is actively used by owners of freshwater and sea vessels, which once again confirms the high level of quality of the Finnish manufacturer.

Advantages

wide temperature range;

acceptable consumption;

resistance to aggressive environments.

Flaws

• not detected.

Experts classify BAUMIT SILIKAT COLOR REPRO paint as elite building materials. Qualitative characteristics Austrian silicate products are at the very top high level. Particularly noteworthy is the reliable binder, which is liquid potassium glass. The paint coating is non-flammable, UV resistant, dirt-repellent, and vapor permeable. Despite the lower price, this paint failed to take first place in the ranking.

First of all, specialists and ordinary people are not happy with the consumption, which reaches 500 g per 1 sq. m. m. The second negative factor is the low temperature range of application. The paint layer retains its properties only at air temperatures above +8°C.

Advantages

high performance properties;

resistance to fire, light and dirt;

acceptable price.

Flaws

high consumption;

temperature restrictions.

Ceresit "ST 54"

Many types of Ceresit paint and varnish products are designed for outdoor use. These include silicate water-based paint Ceresit "ST 54". But that doesn't mean it's not suitable for interior work. Professional builders and homeowners agreed that paint should be in the top three of our ratings. Experts include good hiding power and an excellent final result as its strengths. The material has antifungal properties and is also environmentally friendly. In addition, the paint is affordable and economical in use.

With all the advantages, the disadvantages did not escape the professional opinion of experts. Paint requires ideal surface preparation, and it is better to use mineral-based plaster compositions.

Advantages

affordable price;

acceptable consumption;

wide scope of application.

Flaws

• perfect base preparation is required.

The best acrylic water-based paint for walls and ceilings

The most popular currently are acrylic paints. They are affordable, easy to apply and durable. Although they are slightly inferior to silicone and silicate compounds, they are excellent for interior work. The following products received high marks from experts.

English acrylic paint DULUX MASTER LUX AQUA 40 is the best option for coloring wooden ceilings and walls. At the same time, you can use it to aesthetically design heating radiators. Distinctive feature The material has excellent light absorption. Thanks to this property, the paint layer masks minor surface errors. The hiding power of the paint also received high marks from experts. To make a wall or ceiling look perfect, it is enough to apply 2 layers. Considering the acceptable consumption, environmental friendliness and absence of odor during operation, the high price for paint is not so exorbitant.

Advantages

hiding power and light absorption;

environmentally friendly and odorless;

acceptable consumption;

easy care.

Flaws

• high price.

Acrylic paint ALPINA RENOVA has been included in various ratings for several years. Our experts put it in second position. Experts attribute the preservation of the original whiteness to the advantages of the material for 5-7 years. And if you add any color (always from ALPINA) to the white base, then aging will not occur until the next repair. At the same time, the surface is easy to care for and does not fade from washing. Finishers praise it for its good adhesion and moderate viscosity. The painted surface can withstand temperature changes, as well as high humidity of the base.

The paint is somewhat let down by the high consumption, which is about 200 g per 1 sq. m. m. smooth surface. Although this indicator largely depends on the quality of preparation of the ceiling or walls.

Advantages

good adhesion;

long-term preservation of natural color;

easy care.

Flaws

• high consumption.

In the line of budget acrylic paints for ceilings and walls, experts were attracted by the FARBITEX PROFI line. It earned special praise and third place in the rating due to its unique water-repellent ability. Therefore, consumers use this paint not only in living rooms, but also in the kitchen or bathroom. Painters liked the material because it does not require perfect smoothing of the base before painting. A little surface moisture is allowed, but dust and dirt will simply ruin the elegant appearance. Thrifty owners praise FARBITEX PROFI not only for its affordable price, but also for its efficiency (consumption from 90 g per 1 sq. m).

During operation, users note some weaknesses. So the painted surface gets dirty, and when caring for it, it is washed off.

Advantages

affordable price;

low consumption;

unpretentiousness during application.

Flaws

the surface gets dirty;

wet cleaning can lead to washing off the coating.

The best latex paints

Latex paints boast maximum durability. If previously they were made on the basis of rubber, today the use of polymers has reduced the price. At the same time, according to technical specifications latex formulations are second only to silicone products. Here are some quality polymer paints.

Seeing TIKKURILA EURO POWER7 latex paint on the first line of the rating is predictable for many experts and craftsmen. With this material you can decorate any modern bases of ceilings and walls. The scope of application begins with concrete surfaces and ends with particle boards. The paint can be used in rooms with high humidity. The professionals have no comments about the quality of the material. After drying, the painted surface can be washed using household products.

In reviews, experts point out the ease of application. The paint can be diluted with water within 5-10% depending on the application method. Average consumption material when painting the prepared surface is 100 ml per 1 sq. m.

Advantages

wide scope of application;

not afraid of moisture;

easy care;

economical consumption.

Flaws

• not detected.

A wide range of paints is produced by the German company Dufa. The Retail Eurolatex 3 series of latex materials is a confirmation of the high quality characteristic of this manufacturer. By establishing production in Russia, the company managed to reduce the price of its products. At the same time, the technical parameters remained at their best. For which experts awarded the paint an honorable second place. Many experts claim that latex products have become the company’s best achievement.

A distinctive feature of the material is its high covering ability, which makes it easier preparatory work and reduce paint consumption. The painted surface has a long service life and can be washed with aggressive detergents with high alkalinity.

Advantages

applied to different surfaces;

good hiding power;

durability and resistance to alkaline environments.

Flaws

• colored paint becomes darker after drying.

Latex paint DULUX Bindo 7 BW matte is a professional material, as evidenced by the high price. It has excellent covering ability; no streaks or smudges are formed during application, and no splashing occurs when using a roller. Hygienic certificates confirm the environmental friendliness of the product, so it can be used in children's rooms or in the kitchen. The paint also perfectly emphasizes the surface relief, which is important when designing structural wallpaper. For high-quality painting it is necessary to apply 2 layers.

Experts put the material in third place, because it can be used for a wide variety of substrates. The painted surface can be washed with gentle household products, which do not contain abrasive components.

Advantages

environmental friendliness;

low consumption;

excellent hiding power.

Flaws

• high price.

NewTone Sky

Experts advise lovers of ultra-white ceilings and walls to take a closer look at NewTone Sky latex paint. It is intended for decorating ceilings in heated rooms with normal humidity. The material is perfectly applied to mineral substrates such as brick, concrete, plasterboard, as well as plastered surfaces. It is possible to achieve ultra-white color with two-layer processing. Fans of other colors can use colors by adding to the white base.

Despite the affordable price and environmental friendliness, domestic paint failed to break into the top three. Experts note high material consumption (160-180 g/sq. m per layer), and in reviews users point to poor hiding power.

Advantages

affordable price;

suitable for different bases;

environmental friendliness.

Flaws

high consumption;

poor hiding power.

Attention! This rating is subjective in nature, is not an advertisement and does not serve as a purchase guide. Before purchasing, consultation with a specialist is required.

Figuring out which paint is best to paint the walls in an apartment is not as easy as it seems. The choice of materials is huge, and the marketing policy of manufacturers does not help educate consumers in technical issues and the real characteristics of the product.

We will tell you what is the best way to paint the walls in an apartment, and also discuss the rules for applying paints.

Materials for painting walls

Types of paints

First, let's try to understand what paint the walls in the apartment are painted with. If we talk about “folk” methods, here you can find practically any options, even the most unexpected ones.

There are cases when such “craftsmen” used electrically conductive paint Zinga, intended for anti-corrosion protection of steel surfaces, while the authors of the creative “blue eye” claimed that this was the right solution and the walls looked great.

Obviously, what to consider folk art there is no point, so let’s move on to the experience and recommendations of professionals.

During the development of the paint and varnish industry, almost all types of paints have been used on the walls of residential premises, so there is solid experience on the basis of which it can be argued that painting walls in an apartment is most acceptable with the following materials:

• Acrylic polyvinyl acetate compounds. This is the most common type of water-based (in general, it is correct to call them water-dispersion) paints, since these materials are distinguished by their low price and good quality. They consist of water, PVA and acrylic dispersion, have no odor or harmful impurities, are suitable for work in dry heated rooms, wear resistance is low, washability and a chalky effect are observed in matte and super matte tones;
• Butadiene-styrene acrylic compositions, which are often called “latex”, although this name suits all water-dispersion polymer-based paints. They are characterized by higher wear resistance, moisture resistance, a high threshold of washability, but have low resistance to solar radiation, therefore they are used only for interior decoration. They cost slightly higher than polyvinyl acetate materials, but are in the same price group;
• Acrylic silicone products. These materials contain not only acrylic dispersion and water, but also emulsified silicone resins, which form a durable, water-resistant and frost-resistant protective film with good vapor permeability. Suitable for covering facades and wet rooms, as well as rooms with increased wear and frequent washing - kitchens, bathrooms, toilets;
• Acrylic paints, meaning pure acrylic acid and a dispersion of acrylate copolymers in water are the most expensive and high-quality compositions that are characterized by high strength, water resistance, a wide range of operating temperatures and excellent decorative qualities. These materials are suitable for exterior and interior decoration and have much higher performance characteristics.

Also quite often applied to interior walls oil compositions and alkyd enamels, and in bathrooms and kitchens organosilicon, silicate and silicone mixtures are used. As practice shows, oil paints are not suitable for interior decoration either in quality or composition. Alkyd enamels are quite suitable in terms of their characteristics, but they have harmful impurities and a strong smell of solvents, so they are not very good for interior decoration.

Organosilicon, silicate and silicone materials are more suitable for, although the latter can also be used inside an apartment. Fire-retardant metal paints Polistil can be used to treat radiators and hot pipes.

Important!
Be that as it may, water-dispersion paints are best suited for finishing residential premises, and their quality is not inferior to, and sometimes even superior to, the quality of older compositions based on organic solvents or mineral fillers.

Features of preparing the base

I must say that applying paint to the wall is the easiest part of the job. It is much more important to choose the right material and prepare the surface for painting.

We have already determined how to paint the walls in the apartment, now let’s talk about preparing the walls, and as always, step-by-step instructions for you:

1. Brick and concrete surfaces must be plastered. It is best to use traditional cement-sand at a ridiculous price; it shows excellent results;

1. The surface of the plaster must be primed and leveled with a starting layer of putty. In bedrooms and the living room, you can use a regular gypsum mixture, it gives minimal shrinkage and is easy to apply, while in bathrooms, kitchens and toilets it is better to apply a waterproof polymer mixture or a cement-based mixture;

1. After the first starting layer has dried, a thin layer of finishing putty is applied. It is better to use materials from the same manufacturer and composition. The surface is made as even and smooth as possible;

1. The dried finishing layer is rubbed with sandpaper or mesh and sanded to a perfectly smooth state;

1. Remove dust from the sanded wall and apply one or two layers of deep penetration primer. It is better to select the primer in accordance with the paint and base material; it is advisable that it be from the same manufacturer as the paint.

Important!
Now it’s just a matter of small things – we paint the walls in the apartment and enjoy the result.
The type of paint we have chosen is easy and convenient to apply, since it does not stink or corrode the skin, adheres well and has good thixotropy.

Applying paint

If it is better to hire professional finishers to prepare the walls, then you can apply the paint yourself. To do this you will need a brush, a roller, a tray for dipping the tool and masking tape.

First, we paste over the area to which paint of the same color will be applied. This will allow you to create smooth boundaries and avoid staining adjacent coatings and structural fragments. For greater accuracy, you can draw lines under the ruler and stick masking tape along them.

Next, open the bucket of paint and mix it thoroughly so that the pigments and filler particles are evenly distributed in the solution. We apply the coating to a primed and dust-free wall with a roller or brush, work carefully, avoiding smudges and drops. Make the layer thin and continuous, with overlaps between the stripes of paint.

We wait for the first layer to dry and repeat the procedure. If after this the color is not bright and saturated enough, apply a third layer of material.

Important!
All three layers must be thin and even, this is a prerequisite.

Conclusion

When painting walls, the correct choice of materials and correct surface preparation are important. With the help of the video in this article and our instructions, you will easily cope with this task, because painting work is simple and accessible to everyone.

There are quite different types of wall paints. The choice will primarily be influenced by the environment. The volume of the room will also affect, because there are different types of painting walls, if the area is large, then you will need to use a spray bottle and not just any dye will do.

It is about the rules for choosing dyes that we will talk today. In the video and photo you can see different variants material and choose the one that suits you.

Types of wall paint primarily differ in the environment of use.

Here they are divided into two main types:

• For external surfaces. And this dye will perfectly tolerate temperature changes and humid environments. Its price is slightly higher than internal dyes.
• . This material is used only in heated rooms. Otherwise, the coating will quickly become unusable.

Attention: On the packaging of each dye there are instructions for application modes. Pay attention to this first.

The mechanism of action of any paint is the appearance of a film on the treated area, hiding the surface and steadily protecting it from various influences. This is sunshine, rain, dust, corrosion.

The chemical composition of paints includes elements called carrier, binder, pigment. Thanks to the binder, the pigment particles form a continuous film after drying, which has the required adhesion to the surface. The brightness of the paint depends on the amount of pigment.

Modern technologies of manufacturers use this moment to create paints of various color saturations, matte, glossy.

Attention: When selecting paint, take into account that glossy types of materials reveal any deficiencies in surface preparation. The carrier gives the composition viscosity and smoothness as a result of coloring. Evaporation occurs during the drying process. Depending on the film-forming base, paints can be alkyd, silicate, emulsion, or adhesive.

Types of dyes

Arriving at shopping mall, at the construction market you can look at the endless rows of beautiful jars for a long time. It is useful to know that the first letters of the inscriptions on them indicate the type of film-forming system.

For example, AD (polyamides), AK (polyacrylics). According to operating conditions, the main groups are for external works and used for interior decoration.

Emulsion paints

The chemical composition in the form of an emulsion is created by distributing a binding base and various coloring particles in water. The durable emulsion does not wash off when dried. The paints dry quickly and have no unpleasant smell, are resistant to alkalis, are easily washed off before drying, which creates certain convenience in work.

After using emulsion paints, you can create options for changing the interior using other types of material. But emulsion solutions themselves cannot be applied to surfaces that have been previously treated with glossy, adhesive types of paint.

Emulsion paints are available in the following types:

• , water-dispersed

The common properties of these types are strong adhesion to the surface without peeling, good permeability of air flows and water vapor.

1. They are used in wet areas. The paints are not frost-resistant. They can retain the chosen color for a long time.
2. The difference is observed in the existence of matte water-based compositions with a wide variety of shades of color, which, unfortunately, are gradually washed away.
3. Among them there are special types, used to create volumetric effects.
4. Due to their high plasticity, they can be used to create patterns of complex shapes on the area to be painted.
5. Water-dispersible paint options, such as white, can withstand repeated washing, and Italian wall paints are especially successful in this regard.
6. They are applied to the surface at a temperature not lower than +5C.

• Acrylic

Acrylic resins are used as a binding element, creating the elasticity necessary when working, for example, with wooden elements.

1. The paints are capable of covering small hairline cracks about 0.5 mm thick.
2. After proper drying, they become frost-resistant, capable of protecting, for example, walls made of reinforced concrete.
3. The property of low gas impermeability requires the use of paint for plaster no earlier than 30 days after it has hardened.

Attention: On damp walls This type of coloring composition is not recommended, despite their high mechanical stability.

Of all emulsion paints, they are considered the most expensive. This is due to the use of latex in the technology, which creates a very powerful water-repellent effect.

1. Thanks to this, hair defects about 1 mm thick are hidden, the surface can withstand repeated washing with alkaline solutions without any damage.
2. Latex paints are applied to areas made of concrete, brick, and drywall. The paint dries quickly. The second layer is applied after 15, 20 minutes to the wallpaper, plaster, and ceiling.
3. It does not have a heavy odor, which is convenient to use. The paint has poorer light fastness than acrylic types.
4. Distinctive feature latex paints is the possibility of obtaining mirror-smooth, matte silky surfaces with an original shine.
5. The solvent is water, which makes it easy to remove unwanted splashes with a wet cloth. This gold wall paint looks especially nice.

• Polyvinyl acetate

One of the inexpensive, but environmentally friendly types of emulsion paints suitable for painting ceilings. Frequent washing is not recommended to avoid partial wash-off of the paint. They are resistant to destruction by ultraviolet radiation.

• Silicone

The binding element in the form of emulsified silicone resin provides high water-repellent properties.

1. The film formed after drying perfectly allows water vapor and air to pass through. Elastic. Hides defects measuring about 2 mm.
2. Even plaster is painted in 50 hours instead of thirty days. The coating allows wet processing. It does not allow harmful microorganisms to develop. The disadvantage is the high cost.
3. This segment also produces chameleon paint for walls.

Alkyd paints

A popular type of material created on the basis of alkyd resin. Often used for painting elements made of metal, wood, and pre-plastered walls. Waterproof, non-harmful, waterproof. They do not have a negative effect on human health.

Their main types:

Silicate paints

Chemical composition contains liquid glass, providing high levels of steam, air permeability, temperature changes, and low sensitivity to water.

Water is used to dilute paints:

• When working, take into account that silicate paints are not applied to walls that were previously covered with acrylic and alkyd compounds. After them, great difficulties will also arise if they are replaced with another coating option.
• This dye is also available with various additives, and wall paint with glitter and other additives can be selected.

Adhesive paints

To create it, organic polymers dissolved in water are used. The properties of paints are close to emulsion types, but their resistance to water is much lower.

Their main types:

Casein	Used for exterior and interior painting. They are the most durable and beautiful of the adhesive paint options. Form a high-quality coating on brick, concrete, plaster.
Dextrinated	The paints contain bone glue, which does not create the required water resistance. Therefore, they are used only for interior wall decoration.
Adhesive	The huge selection of shades, environmental friendliness, and ease of use attract attention. But you need to know that adhesive compositions not stable in an atmosphere with high humidity. In rooms with insufficient air access, adhesive coatings become a habitat for various harmful microbes and mold. Their shelf life is sharply reduced, and other problems arise.

Facade paints

The main requirement for them is increased resistance to atmospheric conditions:

• This is weak fading in active sunlight, mechanical resistance under the influence of repeated rain and snow. The requirements must be met regardless of the type of surface to be coated, for example, wood, concrete, brick, metal.
• Numerous manufacturers offer acrylic, silicate, silicone compounds as facade paints. The technology for their creation differs in operation and application from the same paints used for interior spaces.
• As a rule, their plasticity parameter is higher. The surface of the outer walls is not so smooth. Paint adhesion is different than indoors.
• Usually the packaging indicates what type of work the paint is intended for. This factor must be clarified when selecting paint.

Modern technologies offer big choice silicone paints that combine best properties silicate, acrylic options. The paints form a film that is resistant to water on any mineral surface, which practically does not become dirty and always looks clean.

Special paints

Sometimes the specifics of the room may require the use of special dyes. This can be anti-vandal paint for walls or non-flammable paint for walls. It is in these cases that special dyes will be required.

When selecting paint, all application cases are thought through. This is the type of housing general lighting rooms, age of residents, harmonious connection with all rooms.

Scroll general requirements might look like this:

• Premises for long-term human stay. This is the living room. Bedroom, offices, study. It is recommended to finish with breathable paints that allow air to pass through. These are all types of water-dispersion acrylic paints.
• Kitchens, bathrooms, utility rooms It is recommended to paint with oil-based, glossy, or certain types of water-dispersion paints that form a dense film that protects the surface well.
• Children's rooms are painted with water-dispersion paints that allow air to pass through, creating a special microclimate that is beneficial children's body. There are no toxic elements in the paint.
• The choice of color scheme for the entire apartment matters for the mental state of the residents. Light shades of the chosen type of paint help create a pleasant, cozy atmosphere that improves your mood. Curtains, furniture, cozy lamps will effectively complement the beauty of the walls and ceiling.

You can apply any of the listed dyes with your own hands and proper preparation and the application of each material there is a detailed article on our website.