IN agriculture Caring for crops is an almost continuous process.

Winter crops require special care:

Stones that have been squeezed to the surface by frost are being removed from the fields;

loosening of a strong crust on the surface of the earth. This will provide the necessary air exchange for the seeds;

removal of stagnant water from fields. Excess moisture is detrimental to many crops; it leads to rotting of the root system and can significantly reduce crop yields;

cleaning vacant land areas from moss, shrubs, alluvial sand.

The growing season of winter crops begins in the first ten days of April; fertilizing must be carried out in the second ten days, ensuring a sufficient supply of nitrogen. It is necessary for correct formation spikelets (this process occurs very quickly). If there is a lack of nitrogen in the soil, the ear will remain an underdeveloped tubercle and die. The second feeding is carried out two to three weeks after the first, in small doses. It is at this time that an active accumulation of vegetative mass occurs and a threat to the proper formation of the ear again arises.

In order to ensure decent harvest spring crops, it is necessary to begin preparatory work:

• first of all, replenishing mineral and organic substances in the soil, fertilizing the soil with manure (amending what was previously imported and bringing in new);
• carrying out measures aimed at preparing fields for sowing;
• cleaning, sorting seeds for sowing;
• soil sowing;
• fields that were fallow are being taken up (they were not sown last season);
• plowing in brought manure;
• comprehensive measures aimed at exterminating pests: slugs, beet beetles and others.

Simultaneously with these works, others are carried out, familiar to every gardener and gardener:

• fertile soils are developed and subsequently fertilized;
• in greenhouses, greenhouses, open beds sowing seedlings;
• seed plants and tubers are planted;
• catch heaps are arranged (for the larvae of the cockchafer).

Before the start of sowing, it is necessary to repair agricultural equipment and conduct a technical inspection. This applies, first of all, to soil cultivation and sowing equipment. The speed and productivity of the planned work depends on how ready the equipment fleet is.

Along with winter and spring crops, other agricultural crops are sown: various varieties cabbage, beets, corn.

In the spring, fields are also sown with crops for further plowing: green manure. They are grown to further enrich the soil minerals, organic matter, nitrogen. Green manure plants improve the structure of the soil, have a sanitary effect on the soil, shade it, and attract beneficial insects(pollinators). Such plants include representatives of the legume, cruciferous, cereal, buckwheat, and Asteraceae families.

The volume of work in the fields in the spring is very large and varied, but the success of the entire enterprise depends on how competently and timely it is completed.

Spring has come! And even though most summer residents still have snow on their personal plots, everyone knows: it's time to start moving spring work in the garden. We invite you to familiarize yourself with our spring garden planner. It will help beginning gardeners get lost in the new world of gardening. And experienced summer residents will quickly orient themselves in ongoing work in the garden and vegetable garden. So let's get started:

Spring work in the garden

The first thing you should do is walk around the garden and look around: Are all trees and shrubs protected from the spring sun?. Proper shelter in the winter-spring period is the key to healthy bark, and therefore the tree as a whole. Spring protection is especially important for fruit seedlings in the garden. Care consists of shading the trunk from strong changes in day and night temperatures. You can wrap the trunk with non-woven material or spruce branches. In mid-spring, when the snow melts and temperature changes smooth out, the shelter from the trees is gradually (over a couple of weeks) removed. By the way:

• It’s good if on the south side near the trunk young tree A peg will be installed, so it will shade the seedling a little in the summer.
• It is very undesirable to whitewash seedlings - this reduces the rate of growth and thickening of the bark, because whitewashing clogs the pores of the tree.
• Spring work in the garden they suggest shrub trimming and pruning fruit trees . Pruning work should be carried out before the sap begins to rise up the trunk and the buds swell.
• Hide evergreen shrubs from the sun. With the help of light shading with non-woven materials, you can preserve the lush green foliage of shrubs such as evergreen rhododendrons, conifers, hollies, etc. The shelter can be removed after the frost ends.

Spring work in the garden

1. The very first and most important work in the garden part of the dacha in the spring will, of course, be thorough cleaning winter debris from all beds and flower beds. Special attention should be given to insects and larvae in the beds. Remove all living things that you see on the ground, this way you will significantly reduce the number of subsequently multiplying pests.
2. We apply organic fertilizers. Spring is the time to work in the garden with a shovel and a wheelbarrow. Before you begin spring planting, you should make sure that there are enough nutrients in the soil. Ready-made compost, purchased peat or rotted manure (beam) are great for this purpose.
3. If the soil is heavy , coarse sand and fine gravel should be added to add airiness to the soil and prevent stagnation of water at the roots. If the soil is too crumbly (sandy), among other things, it is advisable to add granular clay or clay soil– this will help retain moisture longer and nutrients on the surface of the beds.
4. We loosen the soil in the beds and flower beds. It has long been known that constantly digging up the soil in the garden is not useful - its structure is disrupted, and nutrients go deeper into the ground with digging. But loosening to a depth of 5-10 cm is a great way to prepare the soil for spring planting. Loose soil is porous and granular, in which plant roots feel great, quickly gaining strength and growth.
5. Inspect lawns after winter- another important spring work. All last year's grass is torn through with a rake; potholes in the lawn need to be filled with earth mixed with sand (50x50). It is useful to sprinkle the entire surface of the lawn with fine sand, level the surface, and plant fresh seeds of the lawn mixture on the resulting bald spots.
6. Removing winter covers. True, it is better to do this gradually: first, just loosen the strapping, then, as daytime and night temperatures rise, it is better to replace the shelter with a more air- and light-permeable one (lutrasil, agrospan and other non-woven material).

But the plants should be finally “unpacked” only after the last frosty night. That's all the preparatory spring work in the garden, having completed which it will be time to move on to more pleasant things: planting vegetables and flowers, decorating and arranging your own country world. We wish you success in carrying out spring work in the garden!

With the arrival of spring, gardeners and gardeners in their summer cottages and other plots begin to hot period, you need to have time to complete all the work and prepare the ground for receiving good harvest fruits and vegetables. The owners’ hands are itching, because they are quite fed up with winter worries and cold, and they want to quickly go out into the garden and beds, determine the scope of work for themselves and begin to carry it out. The harvest will depend on properly carried out spring work in the garden (let’s not forget about summer chores either). Therefore, spring is a responsible time for gardeners and vegetable growers.

Work in the garden and vegetable garden in spring (March - April - May)

What kind of work needs to be done in the garden in the spring? Everything needs to be done better according to what was prepared in advance, taking into account personal experience, plan. All work in the garden and vegetable garden is carried out slowly, in compliance with agrotechnical techniques and in accordance with climatic conditions. This is the only way to be sure that the work will give a positive result. As soon as the sun warms up, the first thing you need to do is deal with the fruit trees.

Freeing fruit trees from the snow cap

At the beginning of March, the gardener's first priority is to free the branches of fruit trees from the ice crust that appears when the snow melts. All work should be carried out with a garden fork so as not to harm the young branches.

Experienced gardeners, after heavy snowfall, “powder” trees with peat or wood ash. IN tree trunk circles you need to do the same, since the sun's rays will quickly heat the dark snow and it will begin to melt.

Is the "Snow Accumulation" technique so good?

Due to unstable spring weather and low night temperatures, many gardeners want to restrain the blossoming and flowering of trees so that frosts do not affect future harvest. They practice the "Snow Accumulation" technique. After heavy snowfall, gardeners pour snow under the trees and cover them with sawdust. They believe that accumulated snow will melt more slowly, delaying the awakening of plants. Growing season It shifts a little and the flowering is not affected by spring frosts. But from a scientific point of view, this cannot be done, because each plant has its own development cycle and interference with nature can destroy the trees.

Spring whitewashing of trees and shrubs

After the snow melts, it is necessary to whitewash the trunks of trees and shrubs with lime mortar. This procedure is not carried out for beauty, but to protect plants from pests and scorching sun rays. To prepare 10 liters of solution you need to take half a kilo of copper sulfate, diluted in a small amount hot water, 2.5 kg of chalk or lime and casein glue - 100 g, and adding more water. Mix all components and apply to the trunks in 2 layers.

Pruning bushes and trees

Maintenance pruning is carried out on mature plants. Its purpose is to ensure growth, increase fruit production and maintain the crown.

Formative is pruning the crown of young plants in order to give it a beautiful and compact appearance, stimulate the formation of fruits and facilitate harvesting. Held until the beginning of May.

Regulatory pruning is carried out together with supporting pruning. It can control the load on the branches during heavy fruiting.

Anti-aging pruning is carried out on old trees. In this way, fruiting can be stimulated.

Restorative pruning is carried out on heavily branched trees, on those that have frozen over the winter or have been damaged by rodents and pests.

Grafting garden trees in spring

It happens that taste qualities the owner is not satisfied with the fruits. There is a way out: you can graft trees with new varieties. It is not necessary to buy a new plant.

Scion preparation

To graft a new variety, cuttings must be taken from young trees: stone fruit crops must be no older than 5 years, and pome crops must be no older than 7 years. The best time The best time to harvest cuttings (scion) is the beginning of winter, since annual growths need to mature and harden. For cuttings, take annual shoots. They carefully inspect and cut them into pieces of 40 - 60 cm and hide them in the snow. You can also prepare cuttings in early spring, but provided that the winter was not harsh and frosty.

At what time should vaccination be carried out?

April is the most the right time for grafting, since active sap flow begins in the rootstock. In order for the scion and rootstock to take root well, it is necessary to prevent the scion from entering an active state, so it must be stored in the refrigerator or under the snow until the very last moment. The scion must not be allowed to dry out. During storage, it should be in a bag or wrapped in damp material.

First of all, you need to graft cherries, cherries and plums (stone crops), and then pear and apple trees (pome crops), since the latter begin to flow sap later.

Common methods of vaccination:

• into the cleft;
• for the bark;
• into the side cut.

First you need to trim the skeletal shoots, leaving a trunk length of 40 cm and graft with prepared varieties. The place where the scion and rootstock combine is wrapped with film, and the cutting is lubricated with varnish. This procedure will reduce evaporation by half and prevent the shoot from drying out. After 3 weeks, the film must be removed.

Re-vaccination

You cannot re-graft a plant in 1 year; the whole process must be extended over 3 years. During regrafting, most of the branches are cut off, so 3 years is the optimal period for establishing correspondence between the roots of the tree and its above-ground part. Re-vaccination should be done from top to bottom. In 1 year the upper part is grafted, in the second - the middle part, and in the third - the lower part. For stone fruit trees, the “split” grafting method is an ineffective method. The survival rate of cuttings in stone fruit crops is 60%, in pome crops – 90%.

Feeding

Caring for trees and shrubs in spring involves applying fertilizers. You can feed it with organic matter or apply mineral fertilizers.

From organic fertilizers Chicken manure has proven itself well. It needs to be applied to the soil in a circle around the tree trunk. Apple, plum, pear, quince, cherry, and peach trees are fed with chicken droppings. Organic matter is necessary for the growth and fruiting of apricots and cherries.

For your information!

Fresh chicken manure, not diluted with water, can destroy the roots, so it must be infused in water before use.

Preparing fertilizer

• For 10 liters of water you will need 1 kg of dry litter.
• The organic matter is placed in a bucket and 3 liters of water are added.
• The diluted litter should ferment within 1 - 2 days.
• Then you need to fill the bucket with water to the top, mix and feed the plants.

If there are no chickens on the farm and there is nowhere to get fresh droppings, you can buy it in dry form. It should be remembered that improper storage of droppings leads to the fact that it turns into ammonia, as evidenced by the acrid and pungent odor.

Trees can be fed with compost or manure. We apply only rotted manure, which, unlike chicken manure, is not diluted in water, but is immediately applied to the soil. You should feed manure not only coniferous trees: cypress, spruce, yew, pine, thuja, but also apple and pear trees.

Protection of plantings of fruit trees and shrubs from spring frosts

During the flowering period of trees and shrubs and during the setting of berries and fruits, low night temperatures cause great damage. It is very difficult to preserve the harvest, but protecting the garden from frost is the main task of the gardener.

Fruit and berry plants shed their buds at a temperature of -4 degrees. An air temperature of -1 degrees damages young, tender ovaries, and a temperature of -2 degrees is destructive for blossoming flowers.

If the garden is located on the shore of a large body of water, a drop in temperature will not harm it. But he, located in open areas, in low places, needs protection.

When planting a garden, you need to take into account that dry and loose soil cools faster than moist soil. Therefore, it is important to choose in advance a place for the future “residence” of trees and shrubs.

The technique of “fumigation (in other words: smoking) of trees.” Reliable way protection from low temperatures. To do this, you need to lay out heaps of garbage throughout the garden: old leaves, wet grass, tree branches, weeds. To prevent rapid combustion, piles of garbage are sprinkled with turf, garden soil, weeds or grass. Combustible material will smolder, producing a lot of smoke. When the sun rises (after 1.5 hours), you can finish smoking.

Smoke bombs. You can buy them in specialized stores. The smoke spreading from smoke bombs envelops trees and shrubs in a layer of paraffin. Plants are protected, since paraffin does not allow low temperature damage swollen buds, flowers and ovaries. Smoke bombs are effective even at temperatures of -4 degrees.

Spraying cold water trees and abundant watering of the soil is also considered effective procedure protection from low temperatures.

Summer residents, who have extensive experience in garden care, place basins and other containers under trees and near bushes and fill them with water. The procedure is labor-intensive, but significant. Once you place the bowls with water, you don’t have to worry about the fruit trees and bushes being damaged.

Protecting your garden from pests

When plants awaken from winter sleep, pests intensify their activity. In early spring, when there are no swollen buds, trees and shrubs can be treated with any pesticides.

Spraying is the most effective method for carrying out preventive work and for insect control.

If there wasn't a big insect infestation last year, spraying the trees will suffice Bordeaux mixture, urea or copper sulfate according to the instructions.

To prevent the development of diseases such as scab, cocomycosis, moniliosis, curliness, it is necessary to treat dormant buds with Bordeaux mixture (1 - 2%). Processing should only be carried out at temperatures above 0 degrees.

In case of massive infestation of shrubs by harmful insects, it is recommended to treat with phytoverm or fufanol (20 and 10 ml of product per bucket of water, respectively). "Fitoverm" is a biopesticide that is destroyed within 5 days, fufanol lasts 10 days. During this time, young insects emerge from the larvae and continue to destroy the plantings, so it is necessary to treat the plants 3 times. The drugs are dangerous to human health, but they are not able to penetrate deep into the plants and destroy the pest. For example, in order for the fight against currant bud mite to give positive results, it is necessary to “catch” the moment when pest individuals move from old buds to young ones.

In the spring you can see cracks and wounds on the bark; they need to be treated with 3% copper sulfate and covered with varnish. To prevent fungal diseases, trees are sprayed with urea (5%).

If brownish-red spots with black tubercles appear on trees and shrubs, these are signs of cytosporosis disease. All damaged branches are stripped back to healthy tissue, thin and weak shoots are completely removed.

How to arrange hunting belts?

During bud break, the larvae of aphids, caterpillars of leaf rollers, moths, moths and apple honeybees begin their vigorous life activity. During this period, the apple flower beetle crawls out of its hiding place.

At first they cannot fly, but in search of food they actively climb the bark of trees to young buds and foliage. This can be prevented by placing adhesive (catching) belts on the tree trunk. To make them, take thick paper or soft thin cardboard and generously coat it with glue.

A belt made from loosened cotton wool and attached to wood works well at catching beetles. To protect the cotton wool from getting wet during bad weather, you can attach a film canopy on top of it. Catching belts made of cotton wool are installed on the upper and middle parts of the trunk. If the apple flower beetle has damaged the buds, you will see black dots on them that look like a needle prick.

Lawn care

When the air temperature rises above 5 degrees, grass begins to grow. In the spring, you need to clear the area of ​​debris: old leaves, moss, tree branches. Mechanical cleaning of the lawn is carried out (or you are just planning to lay a lawn, here are articles about preparing the site for it and the planting itself) using a metal fan rake.

If the area has heavy soil, it can be improved by spreading sand over the surface of the lawn. With its help, unevenness will be filled. You do not need to pour pure sand, but along with humus or garden soil. For 2 parts sand you will need 1 part leaf humus or country soil. The embankment should be leveled using the back of the rake.

The main spring work of a gardener - vegetable grower

April - hot month for summer residents. At this time, spring work in the garden is in full swing. It is necessary to prepare the soil for planting, add complex fertilizer for planting perennial crops, prepare the greenhouse and plant the seedlings.

Preparing the soil for planting

To seeds of cold-resistant crops: cauliflower, carrots, broccoli, beets and lettuce were able to germinate, the soil should warm up to +8 degrees, and heat-loving crops such as pumpkins and cucumbers will need a temperature of +12 degrees.

Often winter does not want to give way to spring and the soil does not warm up for a long time. In this case, it should be warmed up artificially. It is necessary to calculate the sowing time and cover the beds with black plastic or garden material. This way, the soil will warm up faster and moisture will remain in the garden bed. After planting seedlings in warm soil, they will begin to grow faster.

Planting seedlings of flowers and vegetables

Young plants grown at room temperature, before planting in the ground in the garden, they must get used to lower temperatures, so they should be hardened in advance. When the temperature outside is above zero and there is no wind, the boxes with seedlings (read how to grow them correctly) should be taken out into the garden. Sunbathing will only benefit her. In the evening, the boxes are brought into the house, and if night frosts are not expected, they are left outside, but wrapped in film or spandbond.

When growing seedlings in a greenhouse, it is necessary to increase ventilation to harden the young plants. Seedlings should be prepared a couple of weeks before planting in open soil.

Before planting, we remove the seedlings from the abundantly spilled boxes with seedlings along with a lump of earth and plant them in prepared holes in the garden bed. You need to replant in the evening or on a cloudy day. During transplantation, part of the main root is removed and the plant is buried down to the first leaves. New plantings are watered thoroughly and the soil around the plants is compacted once again, being careful not to damage the young leaves.

Vegetable grower's calendar

Works in March

At the beginning of the month you need to start preparing nutrient soil for seedlings, steam it and disinfect it. Soak the seeds (be sure to check them for germination) of eggplants, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and sow them for seedlings. Celery also requires planting.

It's time to reconsider the bulbs flowering plants, remove all diseased and dried out ones.

The second decade is suitable for picking and feeding cabbage seedlings.

beds with perennial plants you need to sprinkle it with ash or peat, and cover it with some kind of insulation. This technique will help the plants begin to grow faster.

The third ten days of the month are suitable for picking peppers and tomatoes. After transplanting, they should be fed.

You can start preparing greenhouses for the season, repair them and treat them with disinfectants, and pin down raspberries that have been bent to the ground for the winter.

Works in April

In the first ten days, you need to put the potatoes to sprout.

It's time to sow late varieties cabbage: cauliflower, white and red.

If winter sowing of vegetable seeds was carried out, now is the time to remove the coverings and loosen the soil between the rows.

Do not forget!

Rhubarb and sorrel plantings are fed nitrogen fertilizer, diluting 3 tbsp in a bucket of water. l. urea and adding the resulting mixture between the rows. Compost should be spread around the rhubarb bush and covered with a bucket. The plant will become warmer and it will begin to grow faster, and the petioles will taste more tender.

Works in May

An unpredictable month, the likelihood of frost returning is quite high, so do not rush to plant heat-loving crops V open ground, despite the warm daytime temperatures.

At the beginning of the first ten days of May, you can sow parsley, lettuce, nigella onions, dill, radishes, spring garlic, and carrots.

Tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, and cucumbers can be planted in a greenhouse or greenhouse. You should inspect the perennials, spray the plantings against pests if necessary, feed the plants and mulch the soil around them.

The middle of the month is suitable for planting potatoes.

When all the work has been done, you should prepare the beds for cucumbers, pumpkins, beans, squash, basil and zucchini.

Features of spring sowing of some vegetable crops

To get a high yield, you need to prepare the seeds for planting, select good ones, and throw away the “dummies”. Great care must be taken to ensure proper fit.

Radish

When sowing seeds, do not thicken the plantings. In order for the root crops to be juicy and large, the distance between plants/rows should be 5 cm and 15 cm. The crop is demanding of moisture, so it needs daily watering. With a lack of moisture, the radish becomes tough and the stem stretches.

Garlic

Planting beds need to be changed annually. They can be returned to their previous place only after 4 years. If crop rotation is not adhered to, garlic is more susceptible to disease, yield decreases and shelf life is shortened.

cucumbers

It is preferable to grow through seedlings. The soil for sowing seeds should consist of peat, turf soil and sawdust, respectively 1:1:2.

The bed for planting cucumbers should be prepared in advance. The crop is heat-loving, so the basis of the bed should be fresh manure. Then you should pour fertile soil, make holes and transfer the plants, being careful not to damage the roots. Warmth comes from the manure, which will allow the root system to gain strength and the cucumbers will grow faster.

Vegetable crops require light, warmth and moisture, but the plants need to be watered only with warm water.

A common mistake made by vegetable growers is to thicken the plantings. The distance in the row between plants should be about half a meter, and 60 centimeters between rows.

It is better to sow fresh seeds, as last year’s seeds produce male flowers, which do not produce ovaries.

Watermelon

It is impossible to predict what kind of summer awaits us: hot or cold. But you can experiment with planting watermelons. You just need to grow them seedling method. Replant in a greenhouse or open ground. When the plant grows and produces lashes, they should be shortened, leaving one ovary on the plant. Thus, all the necessary substances will reach the growing fetus, and it will be possible to obtain sweet watermelon. One more nuance. Root system The plant is very vulnerable, so you need to remove weeds carefully, trying not to damage it. Many vegetable growers advise not to pull out weeds with roots, but only to tear them off. It looks untidy, but the harvest is good.

Carrot

The culture loves good light, so the beds should be located in a bright place. The soil is loose, sandy loam. For root crops to grow, there must be enough space, so after the seeds germinate, you need to thin out the plantings, focusing on the distance between vegetables of 4 cm, between their rows - 15 cm. When they thicken, the root crops turn out ugly and small.

Salad

The culture is cold-resistant, so it is not afraid of night frosts. Sow the seeds in well-fertilized soil. When watering plants, you should not get it on the leaves; you need to add it to the roots. When sowing small seeds, they can be mixed with fine sand and buried 1 cm into the soil. There should be a distance of 8 cm between plants, and 15 cm between rows. Over time, the leaves become coarser and become unsuitable for food, so they need to be picked when they are tender. It is better to grow varieties of head lettuce using seedlings.

Beans and peas

Warm-loving crops should be planted in the garden in May. Tall varieties Peas will need a lot of space, so the distance between rows should be 0.5 m. It is recommended to soak the seeds before planting legumes.

Spring work in the garden and vegetable garden requires patience and hard work from the summer resident. If all the work is done in a timely manner, you can provide yourself with a supply of vitamins and the joy of contemplating beauty for the whole year.

And gardening in the new season should begin with the arrival of warm days. Depending on the region, this is February or March. At this time, you need to have time, first of all, to do the work that is carried out before the buds bloom on the trees and shrubs.

You also shouldn’t forget about other early work and put it off until later, since hot days will come later, and there won’t be any time left for them. And before the main dacha chores associated with planting, sowing, digging beds, watering, and so on arrive, we are doing the first spring work in the garden.

Usually at this time there is still snow in many places on the site, which can be collected and filled with water containers in the garden. This melt water will be useful for watering plants during the first spring planting in greenhouses and beds.

It is important to carry out spring pruning plants.

Pruning shoots and fertilizing

In early spring, when the weather is warm, plants that have been insulated for the winter are opened. This should be done when night temperatures do not fall into the negative zone. If plants are left unopened in warm weather, they may become moldy and begin to rot.

Branches of trees and shrubs are carefully inspected and removed: frozen, old, damaged, diseased and dried. Damage on thick branches is cleaned and covered with garden varnish. Cut shoots are burned.

For rapid growth plants after hibernation and a good reserve for the future harvest are carried out spring feeding. If there is still snow around the plants, fertilizers can be placed directly on the snow. After the snow melts, the soil in the tree trunk circle is loosened and watered so that fertilizers penetrate better into the soil.

Whitewashing trees

With the first rays of the spring sun, the difference between day and night temperatures increases. This leads to the fact that cracks, so-called, may appear on the surface of the trees. To avoid this misfortune, it is advisable to whiten tree trunks in the fall or cover them from the sun on the south side.

It often flies off by spring or is washed away by autumn rains, so it needs to be restored as soon as possible. When whitewashing in autumn, to make it stick better, many gardeners add it to the lime mortar. different types glue.

In addition, updating the whitewash in the spring helps reduce the number of pests that wake up in the spring and rush up the tree trunk from the fallen leaves where they hibernated.

To reduce pests that climb up the tree trunk, sticky catching belts are also used. To do this, wrap the tree trunk in its lower part with some kind of Velcro, placing ordinary plastic film under it and covering it from the rain on top.

Treatment of garden plants from pests and diseases

Early spring, when the buds have not yet bloomed, is the time to treat trees and shrubs chemicals for the purpose of prevention and treatment of various diseases. Treatment of plants at this time has the most effective effect and causes the least harm to the environment and plants.

Which drugs to use against which diseases and pests usually shows the condition of the plants in the previous season. Chemical treatment of plants is carried out at an outside temperature of at least plus 5 degrees.

Planting

The beginning of spring is a great time to plant and replant trees and shrubs. It’s time to plant new plants in the holes prepared in advance in the fall. It is believed that young plants planted in spring take root more easily and grow faster.

In addition to early spring work in the garden, at the end of winter and early March you need to sow vegetable seedlings at home or in heated greenhouses: tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, cabbage, so that they can be planted in open ground in May.

When sowing vegetables for seedlings, we use specially prepared vegetables in the fall or buy them in specialized stores.

Each farm may differ slightly from each other, the main thing is to use favorable natural conditions at this time to care for the site, when the plants are still dormant and the buds have not opened.

Video: First spring work in the garden

Hello, dear friends!

Winter is over. A new one begins summer season, with its pleasant chores and varied efforts to obtain excellent harvests vegetables, berries and fruits. Let's talk about what gardening in early spring It is advisable to carry out this in order to then reduce your load, when the hottest time comes, of digging up the earth and creating new beds, planting seedlings and sowing various crops, weeding and watering.

Until the snow melts, experienced gardeners store it in water containers (barrels, tanks, bathtubs, etc.). When landing vegetable crops in greenhouses or in April on the beds, melt water will come in handy.

Pruning branches and fertilizing trees and shrubs

Before sap flow begins, trees should be pruned and fruit bushes(deciduous). This can be done on the first warm days, even if there is still snow. It is better to carry out this work in the very morning, while the ground is frozen and the snow is dense, so that it is convenient to walk around the area.

First of all, they are deleted large branches. Then it is necessary to carefully examine the bark of the trees, and if infected areas are found, it must be cleaned. Excess branches, as well as those damaged, broken over the winter, dry, brittle or diseased, also need to be pruned and then burned.

Coniferous trees and shrubs, if there are any on your site, are pruned much later - in April-May. While there is snow, trees and shrubs should be fertilized. After the snow melts, you should loosen the soil in the tree trunks and thoroughly water each tree.

General garden cleaning

This stage of work is the most labor-intensive; it is carried out after the snow has completely melted. Even if in late autumn you cleared the area of ​​fallen leaves and put it in complete order, various garden debris still accumulates over the winter: large mulch (spruce branches, tree branches), which is sometimes used to cover the beds and retain snow on them, windbreaks, the remains of various shelters and supports, etc.

Whitewashing trunks

This advice is for those summer residents who did not whitewash tree trunks in the autumn, and also did not engage in this type of work in February. To prevent fruit trees from being damaged by the bright spring sun, you need to wrap their trunks with light paper or newspapers just above the ground surface.

This protective cover can be removed before whitewashing, which is carried out after the snow melts and the temperature rises above +5°C. But you shouldn’t delay whitewashing; it needs to be done before the buds awaken and the first greenery appears, because after the earth warms up, the insect pests that overwintered in it will wake up from hibernation. Don't forget to repair wounds and other deep damage to trees. Whitewashing is especially important for young plants.

Treating trees with insecticides

Upon reaching average daily temperature mark +5°C, spray garden trees and shrubs against infectious diseases and dangerous insects. This work must be done before the first leaves appear.

Treatment with insecticides is necessary against pests and their egg laying overwintering on the bark of trees: apple worm, all varieties of aphids, fruit mites, apple moths (caterpillars), leaf rollers, etc.

Planting and replanting plants

Early spring is an excellent time to plant new shrubs (raspberries, currants, gooseberries, sakura), fruit trees and flowers. Most active growth and the development of the plant root system occurs at soil temperatures from +5°C to +12°C, and this happens either in autumn or early spring. It is believed that it is preferable to plant shrubs and trees in the spring, since in the fall the new inhabitants of your garden do not have enough time to adapt before the onset of persistent cold weather.

Other works

Lilies and daffodils are quite frost-resistant, so when the layer of snow becomes very thin or it melts completely, you can free these plants from winter shelters.

At the end of February, vegetable crops are sown for seedlings (tomatoes, peppers, cabbage, etc.), which will be planted in open ground after the end of frost or in greenhouses (much earlier).

With the arrival of spring, not only nature comes to life, but our loved ones garden plots, and also ourselves. This period is a rebirth of new strength and a surge of joy from communicating with the earth. I wish you a good time gardening in early spring and good harvests to you next season! See you!