After building a house from aerated concrete, you have to think about the next stage - finishing the facade. Modern materials for this purpose can perform several functions at once: decorative, protective and others. That is why it is necessary to carefully consider all options in order to settle on the best, not only in terms of external and quality characteristics, but also at a price. Exterior finishing houses made of aerated concrete can be made different ways and in accordance with various technologies - all of them will be discussed in this article.

Features of houses

Aerated concrete blocks are a modern innovative material, thanks to which the process of building walls is simplified several times. It is classified as lightweight cellular concrete, which has open pores. The increased porosity is explained by the inclusion of aluminum powder in the composition. This same component allows the blocks to have high vapor permeability.

The main function of aerated concrete is insulation, but if you incorrectly calculate the thickness of the walls, you will need an additional layer of insulation on the outside, which will lead to additional costs. If all the calculations were correct, then it is enough to allocate a small amount for finishing, which will be enough to give the house attractive looking, as well as protecting aerated concrete from high atmospheric humidity, water, frost and ultraviolet radiation.

Note! Before you begin finishing the exterior walls of the house, you need to complete the interior work.

Why is exterior decoration necessary?

It is necessary to finish the walls outside the building if cement-bulk mixtures are used to hold them together, but if special glue was used, then it is enough to give the facade a pleasant appearance. The finishing materials market offers a fairly large assortment:

• clinker tiles;
• siding;
• plaster;
• brick;
• decorative plates;
• fiber cement panels.

Note! It is very important that the selected material not only performs the specified functions, but also “breathes”, so that air circulation is not disrupted.

When deciding to finish the walls with clinker tiles, it is necessary to make all calculations for initial stage construction. For example, the additional air gap between the wall and the finishing layer is taken into account. To maximize air flow when laying tiles, ventilation slots are left in the vertical joints, the total area of ​​which should not exceed 1% of the total area.

Note! The layer of clinker tiles should not protrude beyond the foundation or be close to each other, therefore, when forming, additional centimeters are taken into account exterior finishing, especially when it comes to strip foundations.

Siding

One of the modern finishing materials is siding. Manufacturers make siding with various surfaces that imitate natural materials, for example, stone or wood. When decorating walls with siding, you can get a lot of advantages, since it itself has many positive properties, For example:

• heat resistance;
• moisture resistance;
• ease of installation.

If it is necessary to additionally insulate the walls, then in combination with siding they are used as soft ( mineral wool), and solid (foam) insulating materials. An affordable price complements the list of advantages of this finishing option. It is worth noting that for installation there is no need to involve professionals, since all the work can be handled independently.

Note! When working with siding, it is necessary to leave thermal gaps because siding is affected by temperature.

Decorative and simple plaster

If there is no need for strong protection of the house from cold and humidity, then you can consider finishing the walls from aerated concrete, which is more affordable and simple option– plaster. Before applying decorative plaster to the wall, it is worth calculating whether the thermal insulation is sufficient or whether an additional layer of insulation is needed.

The technology for finishing walls with plaster is also simple and does not involve the use of special tools or new technologies. The insulation is first attached to the walls using special glue and trellis dowels. Then all seams between the sheets are puttied and secured with glue and fiberglass reinforcing mesh. For greater strength, the surface is plastered in 2 or 3 layers, and after complete drying, the walls are primed and painted with facade paint.

Note! Almost all options can be considered as additional insulation: polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, mineral wool.

Brick

Decorating a house from aerated concrete is also very popular. facing bricks. This finishing method must be calculated in advance, as in the case of tiles, because the brick layer should not protrude beyond the foundation, otherwise the load will be incorrectly divided and the walls may settle.

The brick is connected to the gas blocks using spiral nails, as well as ordinary cement mortar. At the same time, it is very important to constantly remove excess mortar so as not to spoil the appearance of the brick. To give maximum durability and bonding, a reinforced mesh is installed between the wall and the brick.

Note! In this option, as in the case of other finishing materials, it is necessary to leave a ventilation gap 3 cm thick.

Decorative panels

An equally common method today is finishing decorative slabs, the surface of which imitates tile, stone, wood and other materials. The fastening of the panels must be carried out exactly according to the instructions from the manufacturer, otherwise the strength will be impaired even after several years. decorative wall will crack or sag, and cold will begin to penetrate through the cracks.

Note! On the construction market you can find ready-made structures that have fasteners with which they can be attached directly to gas blocks and thus simplify the finishing process.

In the last few years, fiber cement panels have appeared on the building materials market, which were first developed and produced in Japan, but today each country has its own manufacturer. Among the advantages of this finishing material are:

• large assortment of colors, textures, sizes;
• light weight;
• ease of installation;
• minimal load on the foundation;
• high mechanical strength.

When finishing a house with fiber cement panels, it is worth considering that they can have different thicknesses, which will affect the size of the screws. It is with their help that the panels are attached directly to the walls, and the caps are covered with paint to match the panels. To create ventilation, a gap of 3–4 cm is left between the walls. Also, when installing slabs, a distance of 1 cm is left between each element on all sides, which is then filled with a special sealant.

Note! Wall finishing with modern fiber cement panels should be done on a flat and even surface, so all old finishing elements are dismantled, along with window sills, lanterns, and holders.

A modern and versatile building material, aerated concrete requires additional protection from atmospheric influences. It is worth considering all finishing options.

You can use different materials to build your own home, but aerated concrete is especially popular. It has excellent thermal insulation properties and allows you to get really warm house, the main advantages are added: low cost, speed of installation, speed of construction and safety for others. There are few disadvantages, and one of them is the limitation in the choice of materials for finishing (for example, the usual use of cement plaster is not suitable, it cannot be coated with film-forming paints). How then to cover the outside of a house made of aerated concrete, and what materials are better to choose for it or alternatives from foam blocks or gas silicate?

Why not every material is suitable for finishing

Aerated concrete blocks are distinguished by their porous structure (the pores are evenly distributed throughout the block, approximately 80% filled with air or gas), hydrophilicity (the ability to absorb moisture) and increased vapor permeability (this unique ability of porous concrete ensures the rapid removal of moisture from the room). When sawing blocks during the construction process, open pores appear on the surface and, if they are not covered with a suitable protective layer, they will become wet, oxidize under the influence of rainwater, fill with dust, and darken. As a result, the house will lose its visual appeal and lose thermal insulation properties. Be sure, when choosing what to cover the outside of a house made of foam blocks or aerated concrete, you should take into account the described physical features material, and do not use finishes that prevent the diffusion of water vapor from the room to the outside. It is important to maintain the wall’s ability to “breathe”.

Thus, in the exterior decoration of a house made of gas silicate blocks, you should not use cement mortar, foam plastic, or film-forming paints.

What facing materials can be used

Having excluded prohibited materials from the list of applicable materials, you can choose the best way to cover the outside of a house with foam blocks from the following list:

• siding;
• lining;
• face brick;
• decorative rock;
• mineral plaster (specially designed for aerated concrete);
• grouting the joints followed by the use of façade textured paint (vapor-permeable).

Features of cladding with siding, imitation timber, clapboard

The most convenient, reliable, and fastest in terms of completion time is the exterior finishing of a house made of foam blocks with sheet panels, i.e. siding, imitation timber, clapboard. In this case, a ventilated façade is created and it is possible to provide additional insulation for the house (for example, using mineral wool - the cheapest, most practical and durable material).

Before lining a house with foam blocks from the outside, a wooden sheathing is made on the walls of the building, onto which the sheathing sheets are then attached.

The use of vinyl siding, imitation timber or lining allows you to create an attractive and fashionable exterior of the building in the shortest possible time. These materials are durable, you can install them yourself, and they do not require additional decoration. They are recognized as the most optimal and rational decision For different designs(for example, they are suitable for the question: how to sheathe the outside of a cinder-cast house).

Brick cladding

Among the options for covering the outside of a foam block house, facing brick is considered one of the best. It has the highest strength and durability among all existing facing materials; such a house will be especially warm (which is especially important). But the use of bricks should be foreseen at the design stage and a more durable foundation should be built, because the weight of such a structure will be much greater.

Considering that the vapor permeability of cellular blocks and bricks is significantly different, a gap of about 3 cm should be left between the blocks and the facing masonry (this can easily be provided by a special protective sheet that protects the foam blocks from the masonry to protect them from splashes of cement mortar). For the gap (it is also called the “air gap”), ventilation must be provided; for this, it is enough to leave several empty seams in the upper rows of the masonry (under the eaves). Also, when choosing aerated concrete or brick for finishing the external walls of a house, you need to worry about waterproofing the base.

Application of plaster compositions

If you choose the best way to cover the outside of a house with aerated concrete, based on the price component, then it will be cheaper to use a special plaster composition developed specifically for cellular concrete instead of sheet panels or bricks. Mineral plasters are perfect; they do not contain quartz sand, but are based on a lightweight filler (this can be perlite sand and some others), which ensures vapor permeability to the material. The quality and strength of the plaster remains high, providing excellent resistance to mechanical damage and impact environment and the formation of shrinkage cracks. Such compositions are applied in a thick layer, carefully smoothing out all the unevenness of the walls being coated.

Having chosen plastering, in the question: how to sheathe the outside of a block house, do not forget about the need for mesh reinforcement in problem areas (at block joints, kinks and joints of profiles, corners of the building facade, in the area of ​​window openings).

Painting facade textured paint

For decorating the walls of a house made of foam blocks, aerated concrete and gas silicate, façade textured paints, their advantage is a wide color palette. You can replace the paint with a thin layer of special vapor-proof putty (such as, for example, “Prospectors”), after the coating dries, the wall will acquire a neat appearance. At the same time, do not forget about pre-grouting the joints and eliminating surface unevenness.

Aerated concrete is a porous stone made from cement and quartz sand, a type of cellular concrete. It has become widespread in the construction of private houses due to the speed of construction, good thermal insulation properties, and low price. Unfortunately, it has high moisture holding capacity. Many open pores in the stone, due to which it is warm building material, upon contact with water, they are easily filled with it. When aerated concrete blocks are saturated with moisture, thermal conductivity increases. Therefore, the exterior decoration of the walls of such houses should, in addition to a beautiful appearance, also have strength and moisture resistance.

It must meet the following requirements:

• reliably protect the outside walls of the house from moisture, rain, snow;
• do not change its properties in the cold;
• be resistant to chemical environments and vehicle exhaust gases;
• do not fade under the influence of sunlight;
• counteract ignition;
• have high heat-insulating and soundproof characteristics.

The most common options for exterior decoration of house facades are:

• plaster;
• siding finishing;
• facing with brick or stone;
• painting.

Conventional plaster is not suitable for walls made of aerated concrete blocks. sand-cement mortar due to its moisture permeability.
If you decide to plaster without insulation, then aerated concrete blocks must be coated with a penetrating primer. All subsequent work should be carried out after it has dried. Plastering the facade of a house made of aerated concrete blocks should be done using reinforcing mesh. Particularly important places: corners of the house, window and door slopes. Then puttying and painting are done.
Modern thin-layer facade plaster mixtures effectively replace plaster with reinforcing mesh. The selected plaster mixture should:

• be easy to use;
• fits well on the base, distributes evenly;
• have good adhesion;
• have long term storage

Facade mixtures are:
Mineral decorative facade plasters are made on a cement base. To increase adhesion, redispersible polymer powders are added to the mixture. Sometimes such mixtures are sold as polymer cement mixture. They are packaged in bags.

Before use, the powder is diluted with water according to the instructions. Used on concrete, brick bases, and base plaster. Before applying such mineral plaster, the base must be primed and the primer must dry. This plaster is moisture-resistant, non-flammable, durable, inexpensive, and when applied with a water-repellent composition, lasts up to 20 years. Negative properties include the hardness of the coating and the difficulty of obtaining the desired color.
Acrylic-based plaster for exterior wall decoration is synthetic. Sold liquid, ready to use. Such plasters have high moisture resistance, resistance to deformation, and good adhesion to the base. But low vapor permeability forces you to carefully choose insulation. For example, mineral wool may become wet. Another serious disadvantage is flammability.
Silicate facade plasters are made with a predominance of potassium liquid glass.

Such plasters are sold in liquid form. Their undeniable advantages: strength, elasticity, hydrophobicity, vapor permeability, antistatic. Disadvantages are limited colors and fast setting. Once the packaging has been damaged, all contents must be used quickly. Before plastering the walls, they should be coated with a special silicate primer.
Silicone or silicone plasters for facades are made with a predominance of silicone, which gives them moisture resistance, good adhesion, elasticity, and ease of use. The only drawback is the high cost.

Siding is a modern type of protection for the facade of a house.

Siding is the most reliable protection of the walls of a house from adverse weather conditions. The house is sheathed with clapboard, vinyl siding, metal profile sheets or ceramic panels. A sheathing is attached to the house, onto which the siding panels are secured. The facade is well ventilated.

If a layer of insulation is laid between the siding and the wall of a building made of aerated blocks, additional opportunity reducing heating costs. This method of protecting the facade is often optimal.
Wood siding- This is the external cladding of the walls of a house with specially treated boards. In cold weather, it retains heat well, creating a cozy atmosphere in the house. This house has a representative, stylish appearance. IN modern construction The following types of finishing the walls of a house with wooden siding are popular: block house and false beams. Block house is a board with a semicircular shape on the front side, imitating planed logs. False timber has a flat front side. External finishing with false timber imitates walls made of timber. Cladding boards are treated with compounds to increase strength, against fungus, woodworms, and moisture. Wood siding from natural wood much more expensive than other types of siding, but this is compensated by environmental friendliness, low thermal conductivity, and presentable appearance.

It is cheaper to cover the outside of the facade with wood siding or glued lining made of wood-polymer composites. It is made by pressing under pressure at high temperatures from wood fibers and polypropylene. This siding is resistant to moisture and fire, does not require painting or impregnation with protective substances, and lasts more than 15 years.
Vinyl siding is made on the basis of polyvinyl chloride with the addition of modifiers, stabilizers, dyes and other components that improve the performance and aesthetic properties of the finishing material. It looks like an ordinary board, but without additional processing it retains its properties and appearance for at least 20 years. It is very practical to use: it does not require complex maintenance, withstands temperature changes well, is resistant to dirt, and is easy to install. Vinyl siding also comes with imitation stone and brick.
Metal siding is profiled metal panels made from galvanized sheet steel coated with a polymer coating. The coating imitates ship planks, timber, lining, etc. The structure of steel siding consists of several layers.

A passivating layer against corrosion is applied to the galvanized sheet on both sides, then primed. After this, a polymer layer or paint is applied to the front side, and a layer of protective paint is applied to the inside. The panels are made with a thickness of about 0.5 mm. Metal siding is superior to other types of siding in durability (service life up to 50 years), fire resistance, strength, and low cost. The disadvantage is the greater weight, which increases the load on the supporting structures of the house and the foundation.
Cement siding is rarely used for wall decoration due to its disadvantages. Such panels are made from sand and cement. They are heavy and require very solid lathing and supporting structures. Difficulties in installation are also caused by silicon dust generated during cutting. The main advantage is non-flammability. It is better to use it where increased fire safety requirements are imposed.

To cover aerated concrete blocks with bricks or finishing stones, it is necessary to provide the width of the foundation for the house, taking into account the thickness of the facing layer, so that the main bearing wall and facing layer.

A gap of 30-50 mm should be provided between the wall and the facing layer, and a layer of heat-insulating material is also possible for insulation. Without a gap, you can finish houses in which you plan to live only in the warm season. The brickwork must be firmly connected to the wall of aerated concrete blocks and form a single, strong system. Such monolithicity is achieved by establishing connections. They are brought into the facing and supporting structures during masonry. They come in metal and basalt-plastic.
The facade of the house can be covered with natural or artificial stone. Natural stone has a respectable appearance, environmentally friendly, strong, durable, non-flammable, easy and quick to install. The disadvantage is the large weight of the stone, which increases the safety margin of the foundation and load-bearing structures of the house. The construction industry offers slabs from natural stone. They are laid on frost-resistant adhesive “For stone”. The back side of the slab must first be primed. After finishing the facing work, the surface of the stone must be covered with water-repellent compounds, for example, “Gidrofob”.

Much cheaper and weighs less fake diamond. Installation is made easier by the standard sizes and identical characteristics of the facing slabs. There are a variety of different ones on sale facing stone, wide range of colors.

Coating with special paints and putties

Coating aerated concrete blocks with special paints and vapor-permeable putties is the most cheap way protecting the facade of the house from moisture. They are sold in the form of dry mixtures. The most popular putty of this class is “Prospectors”. Before use, they are diluted with water and color is added to give the paint the desired color. The finished paint is applied with a roller or brush in two layers. The main disadvantage of this method is the need for careful preparation of the base surface. This is the cheapest way to finish a facade made of aerated concrete blocks, but also the most short-lived.
If additional insulation of the walls from the outside is necessary, the easiest way is to insulate them with foam plastic, then putty with reinforcing mesh and paint. The foam is attached to the base with glue and dowels. It is better to seal the joints between foam panels with tile adhesive. Then the entire surface is reinforced with fiberglass mesh, puttyed with any putty for exterior use, and painted.

Since ancient times, the outer walls of houses have been lined finishing material. Decorative cladding gave buildings uniqueness, protected them from adverse influences, and increased their service life. The modern construction industry offers various options materials for finishing the facade of houses made of aerated concrete blocks. The choice is best made based on the owner’s financial capabilities, aesthetic preferences, and durability. The final appearance of the house should be in harmony with the interior, as well as the landscape design of the garden plot and the surrounding nature.

Gas silicate wall: external finishing with decorative plaster

The first question that arises before every happy owner of a newly built house is the decoration of its facades. This process largely depends on the design of the building and the materials used for its construction.
Exterior decoration for a house made of aerated blocks may be more important than, for example, for brick building– due to the peculiarities of the structure of aerated concrete.

This type of concrete belongs to the category of lightweight cellular concrete. If we compare it with foam concrete, then, unlike it, aerated concrete has open pores.
Initially, both of these materials were created as insulation materials, and only later began to be used for masonry walls. And the production technologies are completely different, therefore the properties of these concretes are different.
So:

• As a gas-forming substance, aluminum powder is added to the composition of aerated concrete during production. It is to her that concrete owes its porous structure.
  This same fact is also responsible for its high vapor permeability, which exceeds this criterion for all other structural materials.
• Therefore, the finishing of the external walls of their gas silicate blocks must be carried out strictly according to technology that takes this factor into account first of all. It should also be noted that if violations were made during the construction of the walls themselves, this may affect their appearance even after proper finishing.
• Such violations include neglecting the process of reinforcing the masonry or using the wrong masonry mortar. Therefore, if you are building a house with your own hands from aerated blocks, then first of all you will need the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Many customers, in order to save money, prefer to do without a project during construction. But in vain!
  After all, everyone knows that the miser pays twice - any mistake made in the production process construction work, can significantly increase your expenses: if not immediately, then after the house shrinks for sure. And exterior decoration gas silicate walls This is no exception.
• For example, literate thermotechnical calculation may show that the thickness of the walls of your house is such that additional insulation is not required. It will be enough to simply plaster the walls - that's the savings.
• And if insulation is necessary, what materials are best used for this? Let's say you want to use facing bricks.
  It is necessary to calculate whether the foundation will support its weight, because the brickwork will rest on the base. In general, there are many nuances.

And you should definitely take into account one more thing: finishing a house made of aerated concrete from the outside should be done only after completion interior decoration. In any case, after all the wet processes - floor screeds, plastering, tile laying.
In this case, the vapors generated during this work will be able to freely escape through the thickness of the walls. And it’s better to do all this in the summer.

Plastering the facade

In principle, the exterior decoration of aerated concrete walls can be made with a variety of materials. Some of them are specifically designed to work with cellular concrete.
Take plaster, for example.

So:

• Conventional cement-based mortars are not suitable for this purpose. Aerated concrete instantly takes moisture out of them, and no primer will help here.
  As soon as such plaster dries, its surface will be covered with a web of cracks.
• Therefore, mixtures with special additives that prevent moisture absorption have been developed for aerated concrete blocks. The sequence of work performed when plastering such a facade does not differ much from similar work on brick walls.
• As usual, the surface is first prepared, which includes cleaning off excess solution and dust. After which the walls are primed with a composition also designed specifically for aerated concrete.

• The next step will be the installation of the plaster mesh. To do this, use either a metal version with small cells or a fiberglass mesh.
  It is fixed to the wall with the most common self-tapping screws.
• The presence of a mesh during the plastering process guarantees good adhesion to the wall surface. Those who neglect to use reinforcing mesh usually have to redo the work due to the fact that the plaster layer can completely move away from the wall.

• Next, the solution is mixed by adding water to the dry plaster mixture, and plastering is carried out. If you have not encountered such work before, watch the video first and read materials on this topic.

• When the plastering process is complete, it's time to start designing. You can get by with simply painting the surfaces, but use two or three shades, as in the photo above.
  IN different colour you can paint individual elements, or use a stencil to apply lines or a pattern.
• At the end finishing walls, it is advisable to treat their surface with a special hydrophobic impregnation that has moisture-repellent properties. It’s called “hydrophobizer”.
• As you understand, aerated concrete also has its own composition. Those water repellents that are used for ordinary concrete and brick, in in this case, will be useless.

• The water repellent is applied in a thin layer - this is enough to protect the decorative surface from the effects of precipitation and dust adhesion. This impregnation allows the house to “breathe” while simultaneously improving the thermal insulation properties of the material to which it is applied.
• You may prefer not to paint the walls, but to use decorative plaster. In this case, pigments or marble chip filler are added to the last batch of the solution.

• The plastered surface can be decorated in another way. For example, execute . To do this, a contrastingly colored wooden or polyurethane board is mounted on them.
• Smooth and monochromatic surfaces combine well with other types of finishes. These can be fragments of the facade, tiled or decorative stone.
  Most often, the basement, window and corner areas, pediment or porch are decorated in this way.

• Exterior decoration in aerated concrete house It will also look great if, along with plastering, you use it for wall cladding. They can be used to decorate partitions and balcony parapets, if any.
  And the base, lined in this way, will look simply wonderful.

Plaster finishing of the facade is carried out if the building is located in a climatic zone that allows you to do without insulating the walls. Or when insulation needs to be done, but frame wall cladding is chosen as the interior decoration: panels, clapboard, plasterboard.
In this case, you can insulate the walls from the inside. If the facade needs to be insulated from the outside, then it is better to choose another method for finishing it.

Brick and tile cladding

Exterior finishing of aerated concrete houses with facing bricks is, perhaps, one of the best options. Thanks to its hollow structure, it provides a favorable microclimate and has a good appearance.
The brick surface is durable and weather-resistant - this is a plus.

So:

• The price of such finishing is an order of magnitude higher than plastering, which is undoubtedly its disadvantage. The work of facing walls with bricks is quite labor-intensive and requires certain professional skills.
  After all, the brick must not only be beautifully laid on the mortar, but also the brickwork must be properly fastened to the wall.

• Professionals know many ways to process bricks and options for laying them. Thanks to this, the lined surface can have its own unique relief.
  In addition to the facade cladding, it can be made in the same style landscape design, and fencing the local area.
• This finish is used only in low-rise construction. If the building is higher than two floors, you can imitate brickwork using metal or fiber cement facade panels, mounted on the frame.
• More budget-friendly than brick cladding is the exterior finishing of walls made of aerated concrete blocks with tiles: clinker or porcelain stoneware. The surface of the tile is better resistant to precipitation and aggressive substances.
  Moreover, its weight is significantly lower than that of brick, which reduces the load on the foundation.

• The dimensions of clinker tiles are small, approximately the size of the side of a clay brick. Therefore, it is labor-intensive to carry out continuous wall cladding with such small elements.
  More often, only fragments of the facade are decorated with clinker, combining them with plaster.
• For cladding houses large area Thermal panels are often used, thanks to which they simultaneously insulate and decorate the facade.
  The front side of such panels is factory lined with clinker or stone tiles.

• Moreover, the tiles are natural, not imitation.

• Porcelain tiles are larger in size than clinker tiles, which greatly simplifies the implementation of continuous wall cladding. Moreover, it can be mounted not only on glue, but also on a wooden sheathing, thereby providing good ventilation to the facade. If it is necessary to insulate the walls, porcelain tiles can be mounted on aluminum profile
• , laying insulation into the cells of the frame. Anyone interested in this issue should look for materials on the construction of ventilated facades. Preparing the surface of aerated concrete walls for facing with bricks or tiles must be done very carefully. This stage includes not only cleaning the surface, but also sealing seams, potholes and visible voids polyurethane foam
  , gluing them with insulating tape and subsequent sealing with putty.

After which the walls are primed with the composition we mentioned above.
This is not a complete list of materials that can be used for exterior finishing of a house built from aerated concrete blocks. For finishing they use plastic, various types of siding and lining (see), wood panels.

So choose your option, combine materials, use decorative overlays. The main thing is to take the finishing seriously, strictly follow the technology - and you will get an original design and high-quality decorative coating for the facade. When developing a project for a private building, you must immediately decide what to cover the outside of the house with. After all, it is the correct finishing of the facade that will make the house not only presentable, but also warm, so you need to carefully select materials for its insulation and. Without good finishing, the house will look ugly and sloppy, and will not be protected from destructive external influences, such as moisture, active solar radiation, wind, thermal changes, etc..

The modern construction market offers a very large assortment of insulating and decorative materials, from which you can choose the ones that suit every taste and financial capabilities.

Requirements for façade cladding materials

To prevent dampness from appearing in the house, to be comfortable and warm, and to make the house look aesthetically pleasing from the outside, cladding materials must meet certain requirements.

Based on them, you should choose the right option. So, the cladding must have the following qualities:

• Have low thermal conductivity to retain heat inside the house.
• Be vapor permeable - condensation should not form inside the insulation layers.
• Be moisture resistant - do not absorb or retain moisture inside the material.
• Have absolute or increased heat resistance - the sheathing must withstand high temperatures, under their influence not to deform and not to ignite.
• Be inert to chemical influences - do not change its characteristics when such substances come into contact with it.
• Be protected from the influence of microorganisms and not serve as a breeding ground for insects and rodents.
• Do not decompose or lose physical properties when exposed to ultraviolet rays.

For cladding to be effective in all matters, it is necessary not only to securely attach it to the walls decorative material, and, following technology, cover them with a whole system of layers, each of which will play its role.

There are two main systems for insulating a house, and the choice will depend on what material you plan to use for decorative finishing and on the insulation used. In one of their systems, the insulation is attached directly to the wall using glue, in the other - along the created sheathing.

Plastering a house with plaster

When using insulating boards that have a sufficiently high density, for example, polystyrene foam, fiber cement or tightly compressed glass wool in mats, which will later be covered with plaster on top, wall sheathing is not necessary.

Most often, this principle is applicable on smooth brick or reinforced concrete walls. In this case, the plating is done as follows:

• On the wall of the house at the height at which insulation will be installed and secured metallic profile- a holder selected according to the thickness of the selected insulation boards. The profile is leveled to a perfectly flat horizontal level.
• The walls are cleaned of dust and, before applying glue, moistened with water for better adhesion.
• Next on insulation boards pre-diluted special glue is applied.

• The first row of slabs is installed on a metal profile and pressed firmly against the wall.
• The next row is installed on the first according to the brickwork system - in a dressing.
• Having secured two or three rows of slabs with glue, each of them is additionally secured with dowel fungi.
• Further work continues according to the same system to the very top. Then the insulation is installed on other walls in the same way.
• When the layer of glue under the insulation has dried, it is necessary to glue all corners of the building, window and door slopes with corners with reinforcing mesh. They are fixed with the same glue, its excess is removed with a spatula.

• After the corners have dried, the reinforcing serpyanka mesh must be secured to the entire insulated surface.
• The surface on which the serpyanka sheet will be glued is coated with a thin layer of glue. A reinforcing mesh is fixed on top of it, smoothed with a spatula, and excess glue is also removed.
• When the surface dries well, it needs to be covered with polymer plaster, a layer of 2-3 mm.
• The final step will be the application decorative plaster, chosen in the appropriate design style of the building.

Sheathing a house using sheathing

Insulating facade system using lathing, can be installed in one or two layers. The position of the frame bars will depend on how you plan to install the decorative cladding.

• To install the sheathing correctly, it is better to first mark the wall. In this case, you need to take into account the width of the insulating mats.
• Then bars or metal profiles are mounted on the surface of the walls.
• If you are sheathing a wooden wall, then before laying insulation, you should attach a vapor barrier film to the entire surface of the walls.
• Next, insulation mats are laid between the sheathing bars. If necessary, they are secured to the wall with mushroom anchors.

• Having installed the insulating layer, they stretch it on top superdiffusion membrane, securing it to the sheathing bars with construction staples stapler.
• Next, you can install decorative cladding material.

Another option for installing the sheathing is done a little differently.

• Markings are also made on the wall and hangers are fixed along it at a distance of 40-60 cm from each other. Their edge holders should protrude from the wall to the thickness of the insulation and wooden blocks that will be attached to them.

• These elements will be fastening not only for the bars, but also for the installed insulation.
• Insulation mats are marked and cut in places where they will be placed on metal elements.
• Then the insulation is mounted on the wall, and a diffuse membrane is stretched and secured on top of it.
• Next, wooden sheathing bars are installed in the hangers, they press the insulation tightly against the wall and secure them in metal holders with self-tapping screws.
• Decorative sheathing material is also installed on top of this system using installed beams lathing as guides.

Types of decorative cladding

Modern materials make it possible to make wooden wall imitation of brickwork or vice versa - brick house transform into a wooden frame. For this purpose, claddings such as siding made from different materials, wooden lining, block house, thermal panels, ceramic or stone tiles and others. It is necessary to find out in advance how each of the skins is attached and what it looks like in the end - this will largely determine which insulation system to choose for it.

Clinker thermal panels

Clinker thermal panels are one of the modern materials for insulation and decoration of facades.

They have appeared on the construction market relatively recently, and have already gained wide popularity. This is not at all surprising, since they have many positive qualities.

• One of the main advantages is that this material performs two functions at once: insulation and decorative cladding.
• The panels perfectly imitate brickwork and are produced in a variety of colors, so they can be matched to any style and taste.
• They give the surface absolute neatness and aesthetics.
• This type of cladding is convenient and relatively easy to install on the wall.
• Thermal panels can be used to cover any surface - wood or brick.
• The light weight of the panels makes it possible to do without additional strengthening of the foundation of the old building.
• Since the materials have a low percentage of water absorption, the façade can be washed from sludge with water under high pressure.
• The tightness of the panels on the wall does not allow cold air to penetrate to the wall of the house.

Thermal panels have a polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam base onto which clinker tiles are pressed. The warm substrate increases the thermal insulation qualities of the panels by two to four times, and creates an optimal vapor permeable microclimate for the walls, which allows you to preserve the material from which the house is built for a longer period.

The structure of the panels is a layer of insulation and decorative tiles"under the brick"

• Clinker tiles protect the insulation base from exposure external factors, such as wind, precipitation, direct solar ultraviolet rays.
• Clinker panels are very securely attached to the wall and can last without repair work 45-60 years without losing its original appearance.
• The panels are assembled into a single plane using existing locking joints (tongues and grooves), which ensures tight adhesion.

• We produce straight, wall thermal panels and corner elements to them, which facilitate the task of decorating the corners of the building, making them absolutely neat, no different from general view walls

• Thermal panels are reinforced with plastic guides that prevent deformation and mechanical stress facing material.

Installation of thermal panels

• Before you begin installing the panels on the wall, it is necessary to inspect it for various bulges, significant depressions and chips, which can greatly impede quick installation. Therefore, it is necessary to bring the surface of the walls to a perfectly smooth state.

• When installing panels on surfaces that have large irregularities, for example, the walls of a log house, they are covered with a lathing made of wooden beams.

• In this case, it is very important to correctly calculate the location of the sheathing elements so that the fastening of the panels is successful. Each of the panels to be fixed must have at least three sheathing bars to create the necessary rigidity of the sheathing.

The diagram clearly shows the places of fastening to the wall or sheathing and the dimensions of the panel itself and the protruding locking ridges.

• After the wall surface is completely covered, the seams between the individual tiles are filled with a special grout. This completely isolates the insulation from external influences and gives the wall design the look of natural brickwork.

Video: facing a house with clinker thermal panels

Covering a house with siding

Another fairly popular way to transform a facade is. It is produced in various types, imitating wooden and stone wall coverings.

It is made from different materials using two technological processes- monoextrusion or coextrusion. The first of these is the molding of siding panels from homogeneous mass, A second - manufacturing two-layer elements. The top layer of material is protective from external influences, and the bottom is the basis of the panel.

Truly high-quality siding has a whole range of advantages:

• It is resistant to mechanical stress, such as impacts and scratches, while at the same time having good elasticity.
• The material is fire-safe and resistant to thermal extremes. The high performance qualities of the material allow it to be used in various climatic conditions.
• Siding is not susceptible to the formation of colonies of microorganisms or damage by insects.
• On quality material UV rays do not have a serious impact, so it does not lose its original appearance for many years. The service life of siding is about ten years.
• The panels provide reliable protection for the building walls from wind and precipitation.
• No material required special care and is well tidied up with a stream of water under strong pressure. The surface itself does not absorb dirt.
• SP siding is special to give any facade an aesthetic appearance. Numerous shades and the possibility of combining them open up great opportunities for design solutions.
• The material is non-toxic and therefore harmless to human health.
• In addition, compared to other materials, siding is quite easy to install and affordable.

Types of facade siding

Saydi ng For cladding facades, they are made from vinyl, aluminum, thin steel, cement-cellulose mass and based on wood raw materials.

• Aluminum and steel siding is mainly used in industrial facilities, but is also used for finishing private homes. The material is produced in a variety of colors, so it will perfectly decorate any facade of the house.

• The facing material from wood fibers and their connecting components is made by pressing raw materials under high pressure, and then covered with protective paints. This siding is also well suited for cladding the facades of private houses.

Fiber cement siding - great for covering plinths

• A cellulose-cement version of the cladding material is most often used for cladding the basement sections of a building.

The most common - vinyl siding

• The most popular and affordable is vinyl siding. It is widely used for finishing private buildings, and it justifies itself with a long-term operational period and other positive qualities. Since this material is purchased and used more often than others, it is worth considering in more detail.

Vinyl siding

This type of siding is produced in the form of stacked panels-strips that have a perforated edge through which they are attached using nails or self-tapping screws. In addition, the strips have a latch lock for connecting adjacent panels to each other.

The material is available in the form of one, two or three “boards”, which simplifies and speeds up the installation of siding on the wall.

The pattern of the siding can also be different. Often this is the usual “lining”, but other types are rapidly gaining popularity, for example, “ship plank” or “herringbone”. The surface of the material can imitate the texture and color scheme different materials. The panels can be attached in a horizontal or vertical position, but for everything to go well, you need to foresee the location of the sheathing bars in advance.

At the production stage, vinyl siding is often coated with paint containing titanium dioxide, which keeps the surface in its original condition for many years and gives any color a pastel softness. At the same time, you need to know that bright shades material indicates the absence of this component, so such coatings lose their original color much faster.

Installation of siding panels

Installation work for installing siding horizontally begins from the bottom of the house. Adjacent panels are overlapped and secured with a lock. The panel is secured to the sheathing with nails along the top, through special holes.

When installing, you should strive to minimize the number of vertical joints. If the dimensions of the wall do not allow this (longer standard sizes panels), use a special joining profile, installing it strictly vertically from the bottom to the top of the wall.

During the installation of siding on the walls, additional decorative elements are installed, which will give the facade completeness - external and internal corners, soffits, ebbs, window and door slopes, etc.

Video: installation of facade siding

Block house

The block house is made of natural wood and is a board with a semicircular surface. A house sheathed with this material imitates a log house.

On the flat side of the block house board there are two longitudinal grooves, which are designed to relieve stress from the load and improve ventilation. In addition, for convenient installation, there is a groove on the lower edge of the panel, and a tenon on the upper edge.

Block house panels are available in several standard sizes - from 3 to 6 m in length, from 20 to 45 mm thick and from 99 to 220 mm wide.

To make this sheathing material mainly coniferous species are used, such as pine, spruce, larch. With proper processing and quality raw materials, this wood will serve for many years as facade cladding. Wood is naturally endowed with excellent qualities, which man has skillfully used to build and decorate housing.

What are the main advantages of this facade material:

— ecological purity characteristic of natural wood;

- lightness and strength;

— resistance to high and low temperatures;

— ease of installation;

- the ability to “breathe” - this creates a special comfortable microclimate in the house;

- affordable price compared to solid logs.

The material is easily attached to the sheathing of the insulation system and is perfect for finishing not only facades, but also interior walls.

Installation of a block house

• The first thing that needs to be done is to adapt the wood to the conditions in which it will be attached to the facade. To do this, the panels of the block house are laid out on a prepared base, for example, spread polyethylene, and left for a day.
• Each panel should then be completely covered with the first layer of antiseptic.
• After it dries, as a rule, all the flaws of the material appear, such as roughness and unevenness. They must be removed using sandpaper.
• A second layer of antiseptic must be applied to the leveled surface. Available for sale similar means, which already contain dyes - they will help protect the wood from exposure to ultraviolet rays. If such processing of the material is used, then it no longer requires further painting or varnishing.
• The block house is attached to the sheathing, starting from the bottom of the house wall. The first panel is laid with the tongue facing up - this is done to prevent water from getting into the groove of the panel during precipitation.

• In places where you have to screw the board right through, the self-tapping screw should be recessed and disguised. As a composition for covering such holes, you can use wood glue mixed with fine sawdust. You can close the hole with a dowel, the cut of which is leveled and tinted to match the color of the panel.
• Installation continues using the tongue-and-groove system along the entire plane of the wall. The material is secured with self-tapping screws to the sheathing.

• At the corners, the panels are joined through installed corner boards or through a cut at an angle of 45 degrees.
• If it is necessary to lengthen the panel, two of its segments are connected with a block of the same width as the boards themselves. It is secured with reverse side, and then seal the joint with the mentioned mixture of glue and sawdust.

Video: cladding the facade with a block house

It should be noted that, in addition, metal and vinyl block houses are produced, which imitate the shape, texture and color of natural wood. Its cost is usually lower than that of panels made from natural high-quality wood. Artificial material It will last a long time and will also decorate the facade well, but it still cannot replace the warmth and beauty of the texture of natural wood.

There are other materials for cladding the walls of a private house - it is simply impossible to talk about them all in one article. Follow the publications of our portal - each type facade finishing Special attention will definitely be given.