Geranium, or pelargonium, is rightfully considered one of the most popular flower plants. You can grow it not only at home, but also in open ground, since the culture is distinguished by its unpretentiousness and endurance. In addition, the variety of geranium varieties allows you to choose a flower to suit your own taste.

Caring for geraniums at home is not difficult. But at the same time, for successful cultivation flower, some nuances should be taken into account. It is these details that this article is devoted to.

Description of the Geranium flower

In nature, there are about 400 species that are found almost all over the world. IN natural conditions Pelargonium can be either annual or perennial crop. Its leaves are quite large (up to 60 cm in length) and soft to the touch, and their characteristic feature is the presence of small hairs over the entire surface of the leaf (Figure 1).

Figure 1. External features of geranium

Pelargonium flowers are quite large and collected in small inflorescences. Their shade depends on the variety, and can be white, red, purple or even blue.

Varieties of Geranium flower

The variety of varieties concerns not only wild species, but also varieties that are intended for growing at home. To make it easier for you to decide on the choice of flower, we provide descriptions of the main varieties of geranium with photos.

Royal

Unlike other varieties of pelargonium, which do not require special care and attention royal geranium very capricious. If you don't provide her optimal conditions It will not be possible to wait for cultivation and flowering (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Royal variety culture

This species is found naturally in the tropical forests of South America, so at home it needs to create similar conditions: maintain an optimal level of humidity and shade from direct sunlight.

Dwarf

This species includes not one variety, but a whole complex of plants that externally resemble small compact shrubs (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Representatives of dwarf varieties

This flower is small, so it is grown in small pots. At the same time, the compact size of pelargonium does not affect its flowering at all. Moreover, despite highly decorative culture, it is not particularly demanding in terms of care. The only condition is that the plant cannot be over-watered, since stagnant moisture at the roots can cause them to quickly rot.

Ivy-leaved

This variety is often used for planting in hanging flowerpots or pots, since the flexible shoots of ivy-leaved geranium serve as an excellent decoration for open terraces and balconies (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Ivy leaf type of plant

Despite the highly decorative nature of the culture, it is distinguished by its amazing unpretentiousness. In addition, the plant quickly grows green mass, and the flowering period lasts throughout the warm season.

Angel

Pelargonium Angel is a whole group of plants that differ from other species in their unusual inflorescences. Unlike other species, the Angel variety has small and very numerous inflorescences (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Representatives of the Angel variety

Externally, the flowers resemble pansies, but are presented in a wider variety of colors, and the color of the petals directly depends on the subspecies of pelargonium.

Unique

Pelargonium Unicum is also placed in a separate group, since in terms of external characteristics it does not fit into any other variety. This species was bred by breeders back in the 19th century, and now it is difficult to establish which geranium became the basis for creating the hybrid (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Representatives of the Unicum species

This is a fairly tall shrub, the shoots of which become covered with bark with age. The flowers are predominantly red, with the petals covered in dark spots and stripes. There are also hybrids with pink, salmon and white flower colors. It is worth noting that this is one of the oldest hybrids, but it has not lost its popularity in modern world, mainly due to its unpretentiousness and ability to quickly adapt to new growing conditions.

Fragrant

It is this type that can most often be found in houses and city apartments. This plant is unpretentious, and its leaves and inflorescences have a very specific smell (Figure 7).

Figure 7. External features of fragrant geranium

The leaves are carved and covered with villi, when touched, the plant emits an aroma. The flowers are white and pink and rather inconspicuous, but this does not at all affect the popularity of the culture. The fact is that the characteristic smell of fragrant pelargonium perfectly repels insects, and according to other sources, it has antiviral and bactericidal effects, and the ability to purify indoor air.

Geranium - home care

Most varieties of pelargonium are of high decorative value. At the same time, the culture is completely unpretentious, and it can be grown both at home and in open ground.

Despite the fact that even a beginner can cope with growing pelargonium, there are certain features of caring for this plant, which will be described below.

Watering

Geranium loves abundant and regular watering, since in natural conditions it is accustomed to high level soil moisture. But it should be taken into account that stagnation of moisture at the roots can provoke root rot and the flower may die. This condition is especially relevant for dwarf varieties.

Therefore, watering should be frequent, but excess water should not linger in the soil for a long time. To do this, there must be holes in the pot, and a layer of drainage material at its bottom. This way, excess moisture will drain into the pan and the roots will not be damaged.

Selecting a location

You can place a flower in almost any corner of the apartment. This culture is absolutely unpretentious in terms of location. In addition, if necessary, the pot with the plant can be rearranged (for example, closer or further from the light source).

If all the windows of your apartment face south, do not despair: pelargonium reacts quite tolerably even to direct sunlight, and only on very hot summer days will it need to be shaded to avoid burning the leaves.

Temperature

The usual temperature at home is quite suitable for the crop, although in the cold season it is advisable to slightly reduce the indicators, since during this period the plant enters a period of vegetative dormancy. To do this, you can place the flower pot on the windowsill or take it to the coolest room in the house.

In addition, you need to regularly ventilate the room: geranium, like other indoor crops, needs fresh air. At the same time, the culture reacts quite normally to short exposure to a draft.

Top dressing

The most important condition that should be taken into account when growing is the fact that this crop does not tolerate organic fertilizers at all.

In this case, pelargonium will still need feeding. For this purpose, you can use regular fertilizers for flowering crops. It makes no sense to introduce them too often: during the period active growth It will be enough to add nutrients twice a month.

How to form a crown

Most indoor varieties There is no need to specially shape the crown, but light pruning is still worthwhile. The procedure is carried out in the fall, when the flowering period has already ended and the plant will not experience serious stress from removing excess shoots.

Note: In winter, transplantation is not carried out. The only exceptions can be cases where the plant is damaged by diseases or pests.

When pruning pelargonium there are several things to consider: important nuances. Firstly, you can only remove branches growing from the leaf axils, and not their roots. Secondly, it is imperative to leave shoots with 6-7 leaves. In addition, you can pinch the shoots to make the bush more lush.

Cut branches and leaves can be used as cuttings to grow new plant specimens.

Transfer

Pelargonium does not respond well to frequent transplants, so it is recommended to move it to a new pot no more than once every one to two years (Figure 8).

Note: You can understand that geraniums need replanting by appearance plants. For example, if the roots began to protrude from the soil or filled the entire interior space of the pot. In addition, replanting is required if pelargonium has stopped blooming and developing.

As a rule, transplantation is carried out from February to April, but if the need for the procedure arose at another time of the year, then it cannot be postponed. In fact, transplantation can be carried out in winter, but in in this case The plant will take longer to take root in the new pot.

Geranium transplantation is carried out as follows:

1. A layer of drainage (pieces of foam plastic, broken brick or small stones) is placed at the bottom of the new pot.
2. Pelargonium is watered abundantly and carefully removed from the old pot. To avoid damaging the roots, you need to lightly tap the walls and bottom of the container.
3. The root system of the plant must be inspected, and, if necessary, rotten parts must be removed, and all sections must be treated with crushed coal.
4. The plant is moved to a new pot and sprinkled with soil. Next, the soil needs to be watered, slightly compacted and the missing layer of soil must be added.

Figure 8. Main stages of geranium transplantation

The transplanted plant should be placed in a dark place for a week, and then transferred to permanent place. In this case, fertilizing can be carried out no earlier than in two months.

Geranium propagation

The crop can be propagated by both cuttings and seeds. In the first case, you will receive a copy of an already existing plant, and when using the seed method - completely the new kind. In addition, propagation is practiced by dividing the rhizome, but in this case special skills will be required, so it is better not to use this method without special experience.

Cuttings

Spring - best time for cuttings of pelargonium, although in fact, cuttings can be prepared all year round, for example, during pruning (Figure 9).

The cuttings should be up to 7 cm long and have 2-3 leaves. It is important to slightly wither the planting material during the first 24 hours, and then sprinkle all cut areas with crushed coal for disinfection. Next, the cuttings are planted in separate small pots with loose soil for rooting.

Figure 9. Plant cuttings

In some cases, cuttings can be rooted in coarse sand, but it is important to ensure that the soil is kept moist at all times. The sprouts do not require shelter, but during watering you must ensure that water does not get on the leaves and stems. In the room where the cuttings are located, a stable temperature level is maintained (about +20+22 degrees). When roots appear on the seedlings, they are transplanted into permanent pots.

Seeds

Despite the fact that propagation of pelargonium by seeds at home is rarely practiced, this method is also considered quite simple and effective.

To grow geraniums from seeds, it is better to buy planting material in the store, since seeds collected from an existing plant may not retain the characteristics of the species, especially if you are growing hybrid varieties.

It is recommended to sow seeds in moist, loose soil. Planting material spread evenly over the surface and sprinkle a 2.5 cm thick layer of soil on top. Next, the soil needs to be sprayed with water and covered with glass to support the inside. optimal humidity. Seeds germinate at a temperature of +18+22 degrees.

After the first shoots appear, the shelter is removed, and the container with seedlings is transferred to a well-lit place and kept at a lower temperature (about +16+20 degrees). In just one and a half to two months, the first leaves will appear on the sprouts, and they can be planted in separate containers. As the seedlings grow, pinching is carried out to stimulate tillering.

Bloom

Flowering geranium is one of key points, for the sake of which this crop is grown at home. It is important that during this period the plant spends a lot of energy and nutrients, so it definitely needs support.

Firstly, it is not recommended to replant pelargonium during flowering. This can cause severe stress and the plant will drop leaves or buds. Secondly, during flowering you need to periodically add it to the soil. potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, which will saturate the plant with the necessary nutrients and prolong flowering.

When the flowering period is over, it is advisable to feed the crop nitrogen fertilizers, and it is recommended to apply them weekly.

Diseases and pests of Geranium

The specific aroma of geranium repels most pests. In addition, this crop rarely gets sick, and most diseases are most often provoked by improper care.

Most often, various rots occur on pelargonium. In young specimens this may be the so-called black leg. It is useless to treat such a plant, so it should be destroyed along with the soil. Root and gray mold occur when the crop is watered too much.

Among the pests, geranium can be affected spider mite, whiteflies and aphids. In this case, the plant needs to be washed with tobacco solution, left for one and a half to two hours, and then rinsed again with clean water. At the final stage, it is recommended to treat with insecticides.

More information about proper care You can find out how to grow geraniums at home in the video.

In the article we discuss fragrant geranium (pelargonium). You will learn what medicinal properties it has, how to prepare raw materials, how to prepare medicines based on it and how to use them. You will also learn what contraindications there are for pelargonium, and how to grow it yourself at home.

Fragrant geranium (pelargonium) - perennial flowering plant genus Pelargonium, family Geranium. This is one of the most popular indoor plants in the post-Soviet space. People also call it indoor geranium, pelargonium or kalachiki. Latin name: Pelargonium.

What does it look like

Appearance of fragrant geranium (pelargonium). This is a bushy plant up to 1 meter high. Stems are erect, branched. The leaves are bright green, palmately dissected.

The flowers are small, have a variety of colors in pale tones, and are collected in few-flowered umbrella-shaped inflorescences.

The fruit is a capsule; when ripe, it opens from bottom to top. Pelargonium blooms all year round.

The leaves and flowers emit a pleasant, sweetish odor that has fungicidal and antibacterial effects.

Where does it grow

The plant was brought to Europe from South Africa. How indoor culture widespread everywhere. Pelargonium also grows outdoors and in yards:

Leaves and roots

The healing properties of geranium were studied by botanists and flower growers during many years of observation of the plant. One of the main properties of fragrant geranium is its ability to repel insects and disinfect indoor air.

IN folk medicine The plant is valued for its unique chemical composition and many medicinal properties. For medicinal purposes, the leaves of fragrant geranium are used, less often the roots.

Chemical composition

A detailed analysis of the chemical composition of pelargonium for medicinal purposes has not been officially carried out. Today, the plant contains the following biologically active substances:

• essential oils;
• flavonoids;
• tannins;
• organic acids;
• vitamins;
• minerals;
• terpene alcohols;
• resins;
• coumarins;
• saponins;
• starch;
• carbohydrates;
• tannins;
• glycosides.

During its life, fragrant geranium releases volatile aromatic substances into the atmosphere - phytoncides. They suppress the proliferation of microbes and microscopic fungi.

Medicinal properties

Pelargonium has the following medicinal properties:

• antiseptic;
• anti-inflammatory;
• antiviral;
• astringent;
• antitumor;
• wound healing;
• hemostatic;
• diuretic;
• sedative;
• antihistamine;
• antimicrobial;
• fungicidal.

In folk medicine, the plant is used to treat the following ailments:

• arterial hypertension;
• headache;
• haemorrhoids;
• nervous system disorders;
• insomnia;
• feverish conditions;
• inflammation of the eye mucosa;
• dermatological diseases;
• diffuse goiter;
• ENT diseases;
• uterine bleeding;
• radiculitis;
• osteochondrosis;
• intestinal disorders accompanied by diarrhea;
• gout;
• disruption of the adrenal glands;
• colds;
• stomach cancer.

How to collect

IN medicinal purposes Most often, only freshly cut pelargonium leaves are used. The above-ground parts of the plant are not dried. Before preparing medicines, the leaves must be washed and dried.

How to use

Fragrant geranium is grown as an ornamental and medicinal plant. On an industrial scale, geranium is cultivated to obtain essential geranium oil, which is used in aromatherapy and in the manufacture of perfumes.

Prepared from the aerial part of the plant medicinal decoctions, oil, extracts, infusions of water and alcohol. Juice is also obtained from fresh leaves or used in the form of compresses. Fragrant geranium is a universal remedy; it is used in the treatment of many diseases. Below are the recipes.

From pressure

Ingredients: Pelargonium (leaves) - 2 pcs.

How to cook: Cut two fresh leaves. Prepare a bandage for the procedure.

How to use: Place the leaves on your wrists and secure them with a bandage. Keep the compress for 15-20 minutes. For greater effect, it is recommended to inhale the aroma of pelargonium during the procedure.

For headaches

Ingredients: Pelargonium (leaves) - 2 pcs.

How to cook: Cut two fresh leaves.

How to use: Roll the leaves into tubes or fold them into quarters. Gently insert the leaves into the ear canal. Keep them until the headache subsides.

For hemorrhoids

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (leaves) - 1 pc.
2. Vegetable oil or Vaseline - ½ tsp.

How to cook: Wash under running water, dry and brush the geranium leaf with oil.

How to use: Perform the procedure on an empty bowel. Wash your anus using mild soap. Gently insert the leaf into the anus. Carry out the procedure at night. The course of treatment is 1 week.

For insomnia

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (leaves) - 1 pc.
2. Drinking water - 250 ml.

How to cook: Grind the leaf. Boil water and pour boiling water over it. Let sit for about 15 minutes.

How to use: Take ⅓ glass twice daily before meals.

For diarrhea

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (crushed leaves) - 2 tsp.
2. Drinking water - 500 ml.

How to cook: Boil water and cool it to room temperature. Place the leaves in a glass container, fill them with water and leave for 8 hours.

How to use: Drink the infusion in small sips throughout the day.

For eczema and dermatitis

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (crushed leaves) - 1 tbsp.
2. Drinking water - 200 ml.

How to cook: Boil water and pour boiling water over the leaves. Place in a water bath for 5-10 minutes. Cool, squeeze out the leaves and filter the broth. Bring the volume of the product to 200 ml with boiled water.

How to use: Take 1 tbsp. decoction three times a day before meals, and regularly rinse the area of ​​inflammation with it.

For otitis media

Ingredients: Pelargonium (leaves) - 2-3 pcs.

How to cook: Wash and dry the leaves thoroughly. Grind them to a pulp, place in a gauze napkin and squeeze out the juice. Prepare a pipette for the procedure.

How to use: Gently clean the ear canal of serous and purulent discharge using a clean cotton swab. Place 1-2 drops of geranium juice in each ear 2 times a day. Use fresh juice every time.

During menopause

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (crushed leaves) - 3 tbsp.
2. Valerian tincture - 25 ml.
3. Whey - 1 tbsp.
4. Vegetable oil - 2 tbsp.
5. Rye flour - 1 tbsp.

How to cook: Pour the serum and valerian into the leaves glass containers. Let sit for 14 hours at room temperature. Add flour and butter. Knead a stiff dough. Divide the dough into three equal parts and form them into three cakes.

How to use: Place 1 lozenge on the top of the neck just below the base of the skull, the other two on the calves. If necessary, secure the compress with a bandage. Keep the lozenges on overnight.

In case of adrenal gland dysfunction

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (crushed leaves) - 1-2 pcs.
2. Drinking water - 250 ml.

How to cook: Boil water and pour boiling water over the leaves. Let it brew for about 15 minutes, then filter the infusion through cheesecloth.

How to use: Drink the resulting volume of infusion in small sips throughout the day before meals.

For hemorrhagic fever

An aqueous extract of geranium roots is used for hemorrhagic fever to stop internal bleeding and prevent further destruction of blood vessels. The roots of purple-red zonal geranium are most often used, but you can also take the roots of fragrant geranium.

Ingredients:

1. Pelargonium (roots) - 4 pcs.
2. Drinking water - 1 l.

How to cook: Wash, dry and chop the fresh roots of the plant. Fill them with water, bring to a boil and boil for 20 minutes. Cool, squeeze the roots well and filter the product.

How to use: Take ½ cup of aqueous extract every 20-30 minutes during an exacerbation of the disease.

Fragrant geranium is not used as a medicinal plant in traditional medicine, and no formal studies have been conducted on its medicinal properties. Before using pelargonium, you should consult your doctor. Don't self-medicate!

Geranium essential oil

Geranium essential oil is extracted from the plant, which is used in the perfume industry, cosmetology and medicine. The oil is obtained by steam distillation. It has a pleasant floral aroma, reminiscent of rose oil. The consistency of the oil is light and slightly viscous, with a transparent yellowish tint.

Essential oil geranium contains many volatile aromatic substances, including geraniol, menthol, citronellol, linalool and others. It is also used in aromatherapy as a sedative.

In folk medicine it is used for diseases of the ears and upper respiratory tract. As an antiseptic and healing agent, the oil is used for frostbite, burns, eczema, diaper rash and bedsores.

Geranium oil also helps normalize hormonal levels in women, relieves pain during the menstrual cycle, and relieves depression, stress and anxiety.

Geranium essential oil can be purchased in online stores specializing in the sale of natural cosmetics, eco-products and products for home aromatherapy. average cost— 200 rubles for 10 ml. After opening the package, the oil must be used within 3 weeks.

Houseplant - pelargonium

Fragrant pelargonium blooms at home. Indoor geraniums are most often propagated by cuttings; some varieties are propagated by seeds. Small cuttings with shoots are cut from the mother plant, then placed in a container with settled water.

As soon as the cuttings take root, they are planted in small pots in a standard well-drained soil mixture.

This is a heat-loving and light-loving plant. Room temperature optimal for its growth and flowering. IN winter period the temperature is reduced to 15 degrees.

With a lack of lighting, the leaves become smaller and fall off, and the beginning of flowering is delayed. Flower pots are placed on window sills on the south side of the room.

Geranium needs regular and abundant watering, but does not tolerate spraying the above-ground parts with water. Within a month it is necessary to feed pelargonium twice universal fertilizer for flowering plants.

Often the plant sheds old yellowed leaves - this is a normal process, you should not be alarmed. Pelargonium is susceptible to most diseases that affect houseplants— Alternaria blight, gray and rhizoctonia rot, rust, spotting, late blight and others. At the first signs of disease, pelargonium must be treated, otherwise the plant will die.

For more information about growing pelargonium, watch the following video:

Contraindications

Fragrant geranium and medicines based on it have the following contraindications:

• individual intolerance;
• allergy;
• age up to 12 years;
• pregnancy;
• lactation;
• chronic constipation;
• increased blood clotting;
• bronchial asthma;
• ulcerative-erosive diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• gastritis.

Classification

The plant has the following taxometric classification:

• department: Flowers;
• class: Dicotyledons;
• order: Geraniaceae;
• family: Geranium;
• genus: Pelargonium;
• species: fragrant geranium.

Varieties

Pelargonium is a genus of heat-loving perennial or annual plants, which includes about 250 species. All types of Pelargonium grown at home are combined into the indoor Geranium group. In turn, each species is divided into varieties.

The most popular are the following independent and hybrid species indoor geranium:

• fragrant;
• royal;
• bordered or zonal;
• thyroid;
• rose-shaped;
• tulip-shaped;
• star-shaped;
• cactus-shaped;
• Dianthus;
• ivy-leaved.

Wild geranium species are popularly called cranebirds. They are combined into another genus - Geranium. All species of this genus, unlike Pelargonium, are winter-hardy.

It is practiced to grow wild geranium as decorative culture at country houses and personal plots. The most common include common, blood-red, meadow, forest and spotted geraniums.

Geranium scented infographics

Photo of fragrant geranium, its beneficial properties and uses
Infographics on fragrant geranium

What to remember

1. The leaves and flowers of fragrant pelargonium exude a pleasant aroma that has fungicidal and antibacterial effects.
2. In folk medicine, freshly cut pelargonium leaves and, less commonly, roots are used.
3. Pelargonium is not used in traditional medicine. Before using it, consult your doctor.
4. Indoor geranium is demanding to care for and is susceptible to some diseases.

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Pelargonium fragrant is a widely known plant with a mass useful properties, which are effectively used in folk medicine. The evergreen subshrub is a native of South Africa and began to be grown for artificial purposes for decorative reasons and for the sake of obtaining essential oils present in the leaves of the plant and its stem.

In warm climates, fragrant pelargonium, often called geranium due to the similarity of the leaves of both plants, is grown on an industrial scale.

Description of fragrant pelargonium

Fragrant pelargonium is a completely unpretentious flower to care for, quickly takes root and reproduces easily. The stem of the plant is densely branched, woody at the base, and slightly less than a meter in height. The upper leaves, the color range of which varies from pale green to dark shades, are arranged alternately, the lower ones - opposite; petioles are hairy. The monotony is often diluted with splashes of red or burgundy. Pelargonium leaves are decorated with frills along the edges or deep cuts. The flowers are collected in umbrellas and delight the eye with various colors: purple, red, pink, white. The plant has a faint aroma and is very beautiful. fragrant pelargonium with the smell of lilac.

The qualitative growth of fragrant pelargonium depends on factors such as:

• good lighting;
• timely regular watering;
• warm climate;
• pruning;
• topping;
• no spraying.

Lighting

Fragrant pelargonium, which is not particularly difficult to care for at home, feels comfortable on warm and bright windowsills; South windows are most suitable for the plant. The plant really loves direct rays of the sun; if there is a lack of it, it ceases to delight others with its flowering or blooms very sparingly. Pelargoniums are good to grow in hanging baskets and pots. These flowers love warm climates, direct sunlight, and good drainage.

Content temperature

In winter, the most comfortable temperature for pelargonium is + 8-10 o C, in summer + 25-30 o C. Moreover, during this period of time it is recommended to keep the plant in street conditions or on the balcony.

The room in which the flower is located must be regularly ventilated, providing an influx of fresh air.

Watering

When watering, fragrant pelargonium likes moderation: too much water can cause rotting of the roots and wilting of the leaves. In winter, the supply of moisture needs to be reduced significantly - the plant can easily tolerate its lack. It is not necessary to spray pelargonium, since the flower does not suffer at all from dry air. This procedure can only be performed in summer, at very hot temperatures.

Top dressing

Two months after transplantation, it is recommended to feed pelargonium twice, with an interval of two weeks. Improving flowering will be caused by liquid mineral fertilizers(with a maximum of phosphorus and a minimum of nitrogen); The flower does not assimilate organic raw materials well. Fertilizing is especially important during periods of active growth.

Trimming

In order to ensure lush flowering Pelargonium needs to be pruned every year, leaving shoots with 2-4 nodes. Along the way, yellowed and dried leaves should be removed. To carry out these manipulations, you need to use a sharp knife; tearing off the leaves with your hands is not recommended, because the torn edges may begin to rot. It is advisable to sprinkle the cut areas with charcoal.

The soil

Fragrant pelargonium, the medicinal properties of which are appreciated by traditional medicine, will feel most comfortable in soil rich in nutrients. This can be a homemade mixture of peat, sand and garden soil. A good drainage layer should be placed at the bottom of the planting container. In order to ensure access of oxygen to the root system, the soil must be loosened periodically.

A small pot is most suitable for growing pelargonium: if the container is too spacious, the plant does not bloom so brightly and abundantly. The crown of pelargonium can be given a lush shape by pinching it (removing the growing point) in February or March. For young plants, annual replanting is recommended, for adult plants - as soon as the roots of the flower pot are completely entwined.

Reproduction

Vegetatively and by seeds are two ways in which fragrant pelargonium propagates. Care at home (photo) is simple if you plant the plant correctly.

With the vegetative method, green apical cuttings having at least 3 leaves, cut at the end of winter or summer season. The cut is made just below the node, at an angle. The cuttings need to be dried for several hours; Before planting, it is recommended to treat the cut areas with a growth stimulator and charcoal. In the planting container you need to place a substrate made of equal parts of peat, turf soil and sand. The container with plants is placed in a place where diffused bright light penetrates; the soil is constantly sprayed. Rooting occurs within 15-20 days. Then the strengthened seedlings need to be planted in individual containers. Fragrant pelargonium will begin to bloom approximately 5-7 months from the moment of rooting.

When growing pelargonium with seeds, they are sown in December-February. Peat in its pure form or in combination with sand is suitable as a soil. Shoots will appear in three weeks. All this time, the soil needs to be regularly moistened, and young plants need to create a greenhouse effect by covering the container with film or glass. Pelargonium is transferred to a separate container after three leaves appear on it. It is better to pinch when the number of leaves is at least 6. First flowering young plant observed after about a year.

Problems in growing pelargonium

Among the pests that prefer pelargonium are whiteflies and aphids.

Useful properties of pelargonium

It is believed that fragrant pelargonium is a flower of health, protection and love; it can lift your spirits and get rid of negativity. If pink flowers pelargoniums bring love to a person, while white ones give the joy of motherhood. Fresh pelargonium leaves are used to flavor water when taking baths or in the last water when rinsing hair. Pelargonium essential oil, which increases mental activity and physical performance, is widely used in soap making, perfume and cosmetic production. This healing remedy is an excellent antidepressant that helps in the fight against fear and anxiety, restoring the emotional state and a favorable aura.

Pelargonium essential oil is optimal for sensitive skin; Having regenerating properties, it helps in the fight against rashes, peeling, burns, and inflammation. Long-term aromatherapy will help normalize blood pressure.

Fragrant pelargonium: medicinal properties

The photo conveys all the beauty indoor flower, present in the apartments of many amateur gardeners.

High blood pressure will be relieved by two pelargonium leaves tied to the wrists. In this position, it is recommended to sit near the pelargonium for about 15-20 minutes.

2 pelargonium leaves rolled into a tube and placed in the ears will help get rid of migraines.

You can get rid of insomnia and increased nervous excitability by drinking a decoction of crushed pelargonium leaves, poured a glass of boiling water and infused for 20 minutes. It is recommended to drink this remedy twice a day before meals, 50-100 ml.

Skin diseases can be cured with an infusion of crushed leaves of the plant. To do this, pour a tablespoon of raw material into a glass of boiling water, hold for 5-7 minutes in a water bath, strain, squeeze and bring boiled water to the original volume. Take a tablespoon three times a day.

Toothache can be relieved by a leaf of pelargonium, which must be applied to the source of pain in a thoroughly kneaded state.

The beneficial properties of fragrant geranium were discovered in the plant’s homeland - South Africa. The plant was brought to Europe in the 16th century. It came to Russia at the end of the 18th century and was considered an elite flower that adorned the royal greenhouses and noble gardens. In England in the 19th century, about 1000 varieties of this flower were bred. In botany, it is customary to distinguish between winter-hardy and heat-loving varieties of this plant, but in open ground they cannot grow in temperate climate. Therefore, many varieties of geraniums in our latitudes have turned into indoor plants. Today, this flower is cultivated to obtain valuable essential oil. industrially in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Mediterranean countries.

Features of fragrant geranium

Indoor geranium, or pelargonium - beautiful and unpretentious flower, which decorates our interior. But it's also another " house doctor", like aloe and kalanchoe. How is this flower used in folk medicine? What are healing properties geraniums?

Healing effect

Medicinal properties of indoor geranium:

• bactericidal;
• wound healing;
• antispasmodic;
• painkillers;
• calming;
• relaxing;
• absorbable;
• hemostatic;
• anti-inflammatory;
• decongestants;
• contracting;
• softening;
• anti-aging;
• antivirus;
• antibacterial;
• insecticidal;
• diuretics;
• immunostimulating.

What are the medicinal properties of geranium leaves? They contain:

• essential oil;
• phytoncides;
• flavonoids;
• pectins;
• resin;
• tannins;
• gum;
• glycosides;
• tannins;
• organic acids;
• minerals (especially a lot of calcium);
• carbohydrates;
• saponins;
• coumarins;
• starch.

The composition contains the fragrant substance geraniol. It has an antimicrobial effect and is also widely used in cosmetology and perfumery. However, geraniol has harmful properties- can cause allergies and poisoning in case of overdose and long-term use.

Indications

What symptoms and diagnoses will benefit from geranium treatment?

• Otolaryngology. Used to treat inflammatory processes of the ENT organs - otitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, tonsillitis. This remedy is most effective for ear pain.
• Treatment of neuralgia. The medicine is especially helpful for intercostal neuralgia, which occurs as a result of inflammation and pinched nerves. The product successfully relieves pain. To do this, rub a geranium leaf over the painful area of ​​skin, then wrap it in warmth. Geranium also helps relieve pain from heel spurs, radiculitis, and osteochondrosis.
• Useful properties of geranium in gynecology. Essential oils are used for PMS. It is taken orally and inhaled during aromatherapy sessions. Relieves irritability and nervousness, normalizes sleep and mood. Decoctions and tinctures are recommended for the resorption of functional ovarian cysts.
• Pediculosis. Pelargonium has insecticidal medicinal properties. IN official medicine they are not recognized. However, people often use herbal remedies against lice - extracts of rosemary, basil, anise and pelargonium.
• Benefits for the nervous system. Helps with insomnia, neuroses, neurasthenia, relieves tension, relaxes, relieves headaches. Can be added to medicinal baths.
• To stop bleeding. Geranium is known for its styptic properties medicinal properties. It is taken orally for pulmonary, nasal, uterine, gastric, and intestinal bleeding.
• Natural repellent. The product is used to treat clothing to protect against bites of mosquitoes, midges and other insects. Used together with lavender and eucalyptus. It's a safe alternative chemicals from insects. Can be used in children if there is no allergy to the flower.
• Disinfection of the premises. Homemade geranium valued for its bactericidal medicinal properties. It can be used to disinfect a home or room during ARVI or flu. Essential oil destroys not only viruses, but also fungi and bacteria (primarily staphylococci).
• External use. The flower has regenerating and wound-healing properties. It is used for allergic dermatitis, boils, ulcers, cuts, burns, frostbite.

About other types of indoor geranium

About 150 species of indoor geranium have been described. They differ in height, shape and color of leaves and inflorescences, as well as smell. There are homemade pelargoniums with the scent of rose, almond, ginger, cinnamon, and mint. Lemon geranium or pink pelargonium are often grown at home. It blooms rarely, but is prized for its beauty. decorative form leaves and a pleasant lemon aroma. This variety is also used in folk medicine. Most often, aromatic teas are prepared from lemon geranium.

Meadow geranium, or cranberry. Swamp geranium. Forest geranium.

Other types used in medicine

All the species listed below are geraniums middle zone. Distributed throughout Russia, with the exception of Far East and the Far North. They bloom from June to August. They love moderate moist soils, steppe meadows and ravines, forest glades, forest edges, sparse coniferous and deciduous forests. Leaves, flowers, stems and rhizomes are used for medicinal purposes. IN chemical composition In all types, valuable substances from the group of flavonoids with antioxidant effects - catechins and tannins - were found.

From all types of geranium you can prepare infusions, decoctions and alcohol tinctures for external and internal use. As a hemostatic agent, you can drink fresh juice - 20 drops every 2 hours (dilute with water!).

What are the contraindications for fragrant geranium? Essential oil, decoctions and infusions are prohibited for oral use during pregnancy (especially the first trimester), children under 6 years of age and the elderly. Also, the flower cannot be used for hyperfunction of the adrenal glands, exacerbations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, stomach ulcers), individual intolerance and allergic reactions. Caution should be taken together with homeopathic remedies.

Use in folk medicine

The medicinal properties of fragrant geranium are contained in the leaves, flowers, roots, and stems. But most often the leaves of this flower are used in folk medicine. Decoctions, infusions, alcohol tinctures, and oil extracts are prepared from them. Essential oil can be purchased at a pharmacy. It is often included in ointments, creams and lotions.

Fresh leaves and juice

The leaves are used externally in the following ways:

• rub sore spots;
• crushed and applied in the form of compresses;
• first knead in the hand, carefully place in the ear, rolling it into a tube, for ear pain.

Preparing medicine for otitis media

1. Take 5 geranium leaves.
2. Grind into a paste.
3. Add 1 tbsp. l. camphor alcohol.
4. Add 50 g of rye or oat flour.
5. Knead.

This mass is applied to the outer surface around the ear and insulated with a bandage. It is important to know that warm compresses for ear pain are not always useful and, on the contrary, can cause even more harm. Therefore, acute ear pain in an adult or child is a signal to immediately contact an otolaryngologist.

Fresh ground leaves are also used to make juice. It is used only externally; lotions and compresses are prepared from it. Often used to treat ears. There are also recipes that recommend instilling geranium juice for cataracts. Such procedures can harm the mucous membranes of the eyes. Such treatment methods cannot be used without consulting an ophthalmologist.

Decoction

It can be prepared from dry and fresh leaves, as well as from the roots of the flower.

Preparation of a decoction of leaves

1. Take 1 tbsp. l. dry raw materials.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Boil for 1 minute.
4. Leave for 30 minutes.
5. Strain.

You can drink 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day with meals. Geranium decoctions are recommended to be drunk for kidney stones as a diuretic, as well as for neuroses, insomnia, and digestive disorders (it has astringent properties). Externally used in otolaryngology.

Root decoction recipe

1. Take 1 tbsp. l. chopped root.
2. Pour a glass of boiling water.
3. Boil for 1 minute.
4. Leave for 1-2 hours.
5. Strain.

Take ¼ cup 4 times a day before meals. Recommended to drink for hypertension. It can also be used externally in dermatology, cosmetology, and otolaryngology.

The popular drug “Umkalor” is made from the root extract of the South African pelargonium sidoides. wide range actions - antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, mucolytic. It is prescribed for tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, pharyngitis, and otitis of an infectious nature. Many positive reviews about effective treatment sinusitis with this herbal preparation. Allowed for children after one year.

Infusion

The beneficial properties of pelargonium are better preserved in cold infusions. You can infuse not only the leaves, but also the ground root.

Preparation of infusion in a cold way

1. Grind 10 geranium leaves.
2. Pour a glass of cold boiled water.
3. Add 1 tsp. honey
4. Leave for 8 hours.

This infusion is popularly called honey water. It is used externally for inflammation of the eyes, for healing wounds on the skin, rinsing the mouth and throat.

Tincture

Pelargonium fragrant (leaves and root) is used to prepare an alcohol tincture.

Preparation

1. Take 3 tbsp. spoons of chopped fresh leaves.
2. Pour in ½ glass of vodka (40% alcohol).
3. Leave for 7 days at room temperature.
4. Strain.

Tincture from medicinal geranium can be taken for all of the above diseases. Dosage: ½ teaspoon 2 times a day, diluted in a tablespoon of water. Useful to take at night for insomnia. It can be used externally in diluted form as an antiseptic for the skin, treating wounds, throat, and oral mucosa.

Essential oil

Essential oil from fragrant geranium can be freely purchased at the pharmacy. The price of the drug may vary significantly. It depends on the manufacturer, volume, type of plant. For example, Egyptian geranium oil is highly valued in cosmetology and costs much more. Essential oil is obtained from the aerial parts of young plants.

Properties of geranium essential oil:

• normalizes blood circulation;
• relaxes the nervous system;
• relieves swelling;
• heals wounds;
• relieves skin irritation;
• stimulates the immune system;
• relieves inflammation of the ENT organs and respiratory tract;
• stimulates hair growth;
• prevents the appearance of dandruff;
• normalizes fat metabolism and the functioning of the sebaceous glands;
• improves lymph flow;
• has an antiviral effect;
• helps with herpes;
• eliminates cellulite.

How is it used?

• Massage . Add 3-5 drops to the cream or massage base oil.
• Therapeutic baths. You can add 7-8 drops, good healing effect gives an essential oil mixture, sea ​​salt and honey.
• Compresses and applications. Can be warm or cold.
• Cold inhalations. Place 2-3 drops into aromatic pendants or onto a napkin and inhale the vapors of the essential oil. If you have insomnia, you can place a soaked napkin on your pillow.
• Warm inhalations. Add 3-5 drops to warm (not hot!) water and breathe over the water through your nose or mouth. Also added to inhalers.

Cosmetology

Geranium in cosmetology is most often used in the form of essential oil. It is used in its pure form. They are also added to various masks and enriched with them in cosmetics - hair shampoos and face creams.

Preparation cosmetic ice for face

1. Take a glass of still water.
2. Pour in 1 tbsp. l. milk and fresh lemon juice.
3. Add 3 drops of geranium essential oil.
4. Stir thoroughly.
5. Pour into molds and place in the freezer.

You can wipe your face with ice cubes in the morning and evening. You can also use decoctions and infusions of pelargonium as a tonic.

The main medicinal properties of fragrant geranium are disinfectant, bactericidal, astringent, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory. For a long time, pelargonium leaves have been used in otolaryngology for the treatment of sinusitis and otitis. The product also stops internal bleeding, relieves inflammation and pain in diseases of the joints and muscles, and helps with neuroses and insomnia. It is included in complex therapy in gynecology. Geranium essential oil is widely used in dermatology and cosmetology.

Pelargonium graveolens hort.
Homeland - South Africa. Perennial with a highly branched light green stem. The leaves and stems emit a very strong specific odor. The leaves are green, palmately lobed with uneven wavy lobes; the whole plant is slightly pubescent. It blooms inconspicuously: the flowers are lilac-pink, small, collected in umbrella-shaped inflorescences, however, it is difficult to see them at home: fragrant geranium blooms extremely rarely. It is this variety of pelargonium that has earned fame as the number one remedy for ear disease.

Pelargonium essential oil has disinfectant properties. It is used to flavor unpleasant-smelling drugs. It lowers blood pressure. In folk medicine, the leaves of this plant are used for diabetes. A lot of flattering words can be said about indoor scented geraniums. Maxim Gorky noted that ordinary people love and honor it, especially artisans, because the leaves are capable of absorbing the poisonous air of tinkering and shoemaking workshops and even fumes and dampness. Scientists have confirmed that the phytoncides of the flower actually cope well with microbes; the aroma can relieve headaches, relieve fatigue, and normalize sleep. Pelargonium preparations have hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiseptic effects.
Used as a fragrance in all types of cosmetic and perfume products: soap, creams, perfumes, etc.
Eliminates self-destruction mechanisms:
inferiority complex and dependence on other people's opinions.
Helps to recover from unpleasant communication or minor loss.
Restores a healthy assessment of actions and motivations, helps return the aura to its standard form.
Geranium - returns freshness, brightness and strength of sensations to people who have become “overwise” from life experience.
It opens the breath of sensuality for a woman after 45 years, inspires, lifts her above the hustle and bustle, introduces elements of dreaminess and sentimentality into erotic communication. Nourishes your sensuality and youth...

More treatment recipes:

Chronic otitis in children and adults:
In case of sudden shooting in the ears, take a few fresh geranium leaves - from 5 to 12, grind them into a paste, add 2-3 tbsp. spoons of oatmeal or rye or buckwheat flour (you can just steamed bread or rolls), add 1-2 tablespoons of camphor alcohol, knead the dough well, roll it with a roller and wrap the ear with the shell facing out, drip 1-2 drops of geranium juice into the ear . Use compress paper, insulate with cotton wool and secure with a bandage overnight.
Three or four procedures and the disease will subside.

Inflammatory processes of the nasopharynx:
If the nasopharynx with pain in the larynx is already involved in the inflammatory process, then rinse the nasal sinuses with an aqueous infusion of fresh flowers or leaves of indoor geranium in the amount of 20 g per glass of boiling water. Infuse overnight - 1/2 cup of infusion, rinse the sinuses 2-3 times a day, and 1/2 cup with 5 drops of Lugol's solution - gargle. At the same time, at night, wrap your big toes in 3-4 layers of geranium leaves, wrap them in a bandage and put on socks. According to Su Jok, the big toes are responsible for the health of the upper body and head.

Diarrhea - alarming diarrhea (especially in diabetics) not associated with poisoning:
3 tbsp. pour 100 g of medical alcohol into spoons with the top of a paste of fresh leaves and flowers. Leave for three days in a dark and warm place in a well-sealed container. Take 20 drops in a tablespoon, adding water until it is full, in the morning on an empty stomach and in the evening before bed.
This normalizes blood pressure.

Recipe No. 2
If for some reason alcohol is contraindicated in treatment for patients, then treatment can be done in this way: leave 2 teaspoons of freshly prepared gruel or leaves and flowers in a glass of cold boiled water for 8 hours in a dark place, drink 5-6 equal times throughout the day. in portions.
Pharmacological action: diarrhea stops; blood pressure is normalized, the functioning of the heart and pancreas is improved, and glycogen levels in the liver are restored.

Epilepsy.
3 tbsp. spoons with the top of geranium leaves and flowers, ground into a paste, pour 1 glass of cold whey, add 1 bottle of alcohol tincture of motherwort or valerian; insist from 8 am to 10 pm. Then add enough flour (any kind) to make a flat cake that won’t spread all over the body, add a few spoons vegetable oil.
This cake is thoroughly rolled out and placed on the site of the solar plexus for the whole night, not forgetting to use alcohol tincture of geranium - 15-20 drops 3 times a day before meals or an hour after.
Treatment of epilepsy with this method does not mean that indoor geranium is a panacea, and the method is not a medicinal medical recommendation tested and approved by the Ministry of Health, it is only a path to oneself.
All of the above does not mean that with the help of geranium you will cope with epilepsy. This is only an auxiliary treatment. But it can be very effective if epileptic attacks are associated with damage to the solar plexus nerves and cause muscle spasms. A similar recipe is also good for solarium, inflammation, and pinched solar plexus nerves. In this case, it is especially important to take geranium drops orally.

Facial nerve paralysis indoor geranium is used in compresses, applications, ingestion and in the form of oil - for rubbing into the affected muscles.

Preparation of Geranium oil:
Let's start with the fact that the previous paragraphs described cooking methods water infusion indoor geranium, alcohol, on cold water and in boiling water.
There is also a way to prepare geranium oil: place 1 glass of pounded pulp (or spread, as Fyodor Loevsky writes) from fresh leaves and flowers in glassware, pour in 0.5 cups of undiluted medical alcohol, carefully close the lid. The glassware should be transparent. The tincture contained in it should occupy 1/2 of the volume. Place dishes on good sun for two weeks.
Then open the lid and fill the dish with olive or corn oil up to the hanger. Close the lid and put it back in the sun for another two weeks. Then strain off the oil, squeeze out the raw materials and discard.
Store in well-closed bottles.

Treatment: in the morning 1 tbsp. suck a spoonful of ordinary vegetable oil for 10 minutes; then spit out the resulting creamy mass, which has absorbed various microbes and viruses that have accumulated in the oral cavity overnight. After rinsing your mouth and nasopharynx, brushing your teeth, take 1 teaspoon of geranium oil into your mouth and hold for 5 minutes - as if rolling it with your tongue, and then swallow. After this, chew for at least one minute without swallowing: watercress, black radish, horseradish root or leaves, onion, garlic, ginger root. Use one type of plant, changing every day.
Drink a water or alcohol infusion of indoor geranium.
Start massaging the affected facial muscles by rubbing in geranium oil: first, lightly tapping with the pads of your fingers dipped in oil, then stroking with the oil with the pads of your index and middle fingers with light turns clockwise so as not to stretch the facial skin; again stroking along the muscle lines, as cosmetologists recommend.
The massage should not last more than 20 minutes.
Breakfast. Chew thoroughly, and if it is not possible to crush the food due to paralysis of the tongue, then eat the food ground. If the attending physician prescribes Tramal or some strong painkillers during drug treatment, then it is better to inject them with a diabetic syringe locally and in several places that respond to very severe pain. The injection of one ampoule can be divided into 4-5 injections into painful areas.
At noon, apply a honey application with aspirin to the affected areas: spread a layer of honey on a linen or cotton rag, grind 4 tablets of domestic aspirin into powder and sprinkle the honey application with it. Keep for 1.5 hours. Wash off with warm serum.
Before lunch, drink an infusion or tincture of geranium. Chewing the irritant is one of the plant options (see above) for as long as you can stand it. Start lunch. If food has to be taken ground, then you should not swallow it immediately, but keep it in your mouth for a while so that the digestion process can begin.
At 4 p.m., drink 40 drops of peony evasive tincture (available in all pharmacies) and make a compress from the same tincture on painful areas - dilute the tincture with water 1:2, moisten a linen or calico cloth with it, cover all sore spots.
After squeezing a little so that the liquid does not spread, put compress paper and cotton wool on top and carefully secure the bandage. It's not worth walking. The procedure lasts only 45 minutes, and you can lie down. Remove the compress. Rinse gently with warm serum and lubricate your face with geranium oil with your fingertips.
Before dinner - an infusion or tincture of your chosen geranium medicine, and if after dinner, then an hour later.
Before going to bed - 40 drops of peony tincture. And already at bedtime, applied to the affected areas associated with paralysis of the facial nerve - a cake application used for epilepsy (see above for the method of preparation).
When you go to bed and get up in the morning, say prayers to the Lord and thank your silent indoor geranium. Approach her and you will be convinced that she understands you and will speak to you, fragrant and rejoicing. You will develop a spiritual wave that will serve you, protecting you from entities of evil, pain, anger, disappointment and betrayal.

In case of sudden rushes of blood to the head, the cake I spoke about is applied to the back of the head and to the area of ​​the 1st, 2,3,4,5 thoracic vertebrae at night and to the calf muscles in the form of applications. “Since with this disease there are almost always extrasystoles (heart flutters, interruptions in heart function), then in this case it will not be superfluous alcohol tincture geranium: 2 times a day, 20 drops in the morning and before bedtime in a tablespoon with added water.

For cataracts:
It is impossible to restore an already withered lens of the eye; in this case, surgery to replace it is necessary. But if you have recently been diagnosed with cataracts, in order to stop its development, along with the medications prescribed to you by your ophthalmologist, remember about indoor geranium. Daily instillation of 1-2 drops of juice from its leaves and flowers into the corner of your eye will help you maintain and improve your vision until your very, very old age, when you are not afraid of going to another world.

For women of remarkable age from 50 onwards: when passions float away and the wisdom of a calm existence comes, and the feeling of confusion no longer hangs like the “sword of Damocles”: “Oh, they don’t love me, they don’t understand me, they don’t need me and I’m not want."
For a pleasant glow of an inspired face, we offer a universal remedy from the leaves and flowers of indoor geranium: squeeze the juice from a glass of a semi-liquid mass of mashed geranium leaves and flowers, pour into a glass baby food jar with a ground-in lid, set, tied to a window, in the cold (or put in freezer). The geranium juice will turn into ice.
Hold the jar in hot water so that the ice can be easily removed, and after sleep, in the morning, before makeup, massage your face with light circular movements - blood will begin to circulate, dull chamfers will light up, your face will freshen, your mood will improve, you will smile.
And don’t forget to rub a leaf of fragrant geranium in your fingers - its smell will delight you so much that your busy day will seem like a gift from the Lord. Another day of life.