Begonia - beautiful plant, it is used to decorate gardens, parks, public gardens, and people also like to grow it at home. This flower belongs to the large family of Begoniaceae. This genus has 900 species found in the wild and about 2,000 bred hybrid specimens. The plant received its name thanks to Michel Begon, who described it at the end of the distant 17th century. As decorative flower Begonia began to be used only 100 years later.

History of begonia

Michel Begon described it in the Antilles. A few decades later, an ever-flowering begonia from Brazil was described, then a royal begonia from the Indian subcontinent, and then a tuberous begonia from South America. They were the basis for the emergence modern varieties. First it's wide used for decorative purposes- it was exclusively a greenhouse flower, then varieties appeared that could withstand the vagaries of the weather.

Around the world today there is a huge variety hybrid forms and varieties of this crop.

Depending on their decorative qualities, all begonias are classified as follows:

1. Decorative flowering.
2. Decorative deciduous.

Among the most popular species is the tuberous begonia. Its flowers are of extraordinary beauty and brightness, and this is combined with ease of care.

In nature, the plant prefers the humid climate of the tropics and subtropics. Selects shady places, but can be found at an altitude of 4000 meters above the sea, in the mountains and arid slopes.

Variety of types and shapes of flowers

Begonia can be small herbaceous plant, not exceeding 3 cm, and also a fairly tall shrub. Some species have no stem, others have only one leaf. The leaves have different shades green, back side It happens plain or covered with spots and patterns. The flowers shine with a variety of warm colors.

Begonia blooms very profusely and brightly. Her luxurious flowers similar to roses, camellias, daffodils, carnations. Elegant, varied flowers will decorate the summer garden from early summer until September. If the plant is in a room, the flowering time increases - begonia blooms from late spring to late autumn. How to care for begonia at home?

Begonia. Home care, photo

Begonias grown at home, depending on care, can bloom both in the warm season and in winter. Decorative flowering species are distinguished by the beauty of the flowers they produce, while decorative deciduous species are distinguished by the spectacular colors and shape of the leaves, have pubescence, and the resulting flowers do not have decorative value. The photo shows specimens from both groups.

Lighting and temperature

Indoor plant prefers to grow in bright light. The ones that need it most are the flowering specimens. However, in the hottest weather, the plant should be shaded from the active sun, since by doing this, burns can be prevented. Decorative deciduous varieties need diffused light; the flower should be placed on an eastern or western windowsill.

The begonia flower loves warmth; in the warm season, the air temperature should be maintained at approximately 22 degrees; in winter, the air should warm up to at least 15-18 degrees.

Air humidity, watering and fertilizing

Caring for an indoor flower involves creating a certain microclimate. Since the plant is tropical, it needs high humidity, but experts do not recommend spraying. Since water getting on the leaves provokes the appearance of brown spots. To increase the humidity, creating the microclimate necessary for begonias, the following structure should be built. Place the flower on an inverted tray, which you place in a larger container, leaving the remaining space cover with expanded clay. Constantly monitor its humidity, which will ensure the necessary air humidity around the begonia.

In summer, in hot weather, it is necessary to provide the plant with plenty of water. In this case, you need to make sure that there is no stagnation of water either in the pan or in the pot itself. Water with settled water when 1.5 cm of earthen clod has already dried out from the previous watering. IN winter time watering is reduced. Tuberous species are not watered at all in winter, since they have a dormant period; they are placed in peat.

After the indoor begonia flower has bloomed, fertilizing should be done. Fertilizers are applied 2 times a month. Decorative deciduous species are fed with nitrogen, which affects leaf growth. Decorative flowering specimens are not watered with fertilizers that contain this component, as it inhibits flowering.

Begonia flower transplant

Soil for indoor flowers can be purchased at a specialized store or made independently. To do this you will need:

1. Place drainage made of regular sand at the bottom of the pot.
2. Cover half the pot with leaf soil.
3. Add a one-to-one mixture of peat and black soil.

The soil should be prepared correctly as this will affect the growth and health of the begonia.

Care for begonia is carried out with periodic replanting, it is done as needed. If the roots are sticking out of the drainage hole, it means it's time for a transplant into a larger container. The plant is usually transplanted in early spring period. You should carefully remove the begonia from the pot, clean the roots from the soil and place them in a solution of potassium permanganate. After cleaning and disinfecting the roots, their dead parts are cut off.

Reproduction

Indoor begonia reproduces in three ways, namely:

• Leaf cuttings,
• stem,
• Dividing the bush.

Each type of begonia has its own reproductive characteristics, so they must be taken into account, otherwise the plant will not take root. For example, the tuberous species uses seeds and tubers for reproduction.

Transplantation and propagation this type is carried out in the following sequence:

1. IN autumn period tubers are taken out of the ground.
2. Leaves are trimmed.
3. Clean the roots from the earthen coma.
4. Place the tuber in peat so that it does not dry out.
5. The temperature is maintained at about 10 degrees.

The tuberous type of begonia will grow well after transplantation if this procedure is carried out between February and May.

A shoot will appear from the seeds if they are sown in a pot filled with soil and sand and should be watered sparingly. Seeds germinate very slowly; the sprouts and roots that have appeared will tell you that the process has begun.

Diseases and pests

Begonia often suffers from excess moisture. fungal disease- powdery mildew. In order to prevent the development of the disease in time, you should periodically carefully examine the core of the bush and the lower leaves. It is these parts of the plant that are most susceptible to rot and powdery mildew. If you find this problem, you should immediately reduce watering and remove the affected areas of the plant. This will prevent the fungus from spreading throughout the plant.

Thus, begonia is a grateful house flower, if the plant is properly cared for. If you grow decorative deciduous varieties, then you can create green corners where the beauty of begonia leaves will manifest itself in full force. And abundantly and spectacularly blooming specimens will bring brightness to your life and give many pleasant moments.

Begonia flower

During the times of great travels and discoveries, it was customary to create entire expeditions to search for unknown species animals and plants. In the 17th century, during such an expedition to the Antilles, the monk Charles Plumier discovered six species of incredible beautiful flowers. He named them begonias - after his friend Mission Begon (the governor of Haiti). This flower, amazing in its beauty and diversity, is known even to a novice gardener. Begonias are found both in garden and indoor floriculture.

This article is devoted to breeding and caring for begonia at home. We will focus on issues of reproduction, care features, begonia varieties and methods of protection against diseases and their prevention.

Begonia forms the most significant genus of the Begoniaceae family. It unites at least a thousand plant species. They can be found in the highlands (3–4 km above sea level), in the subtropics and in tropical rainforests. There is an opinion that the birthplace of begonias is Africa, and then they spread to Asia, America, India, and Sri Lanka. The basis for this judgment is that more than 30% of all begonia species still grow on the “dark” continent.

How to describe begonia - it has so many faces...

Begonia ever-blooming Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum photo

The source of more than 2000 newly created begonia hybrids is from natural 1000 varieties. They differ in shape, color of leaves and flowers. This greatly complicates the task of describing the genus as a whole. Begonias are classified according to different characteristics, for example, there are annual and perennial, rhizomatous and tuberous, decorative deciduous and decorative flowering, deciduous and evergreen, tall and creeping. Therefore, read the description of begonia by type below, in the section on varieties and types of begonias.

Home begonia - choosing a place

Begonia's motto is consistency; it hates changing location. Choose a well-lit place for it, not in direct sunlight, preferably eastern or western windows (window sills). The desired temperature is around 18˚C in winter and summer. Of course, in summer the temperature will be higher, but begonia can withstand it, the main thing is air humidity.

Begonia is a tropical plant, natural environment is in a humid climate, so you will have to regularly humidify the air. It is not recommended to spray directly on the plant - brown spots appear on the leaves; you need to place the flowerpots on a tray with wet expanded clay: the water will evaporate, creating constant humidity. All you have to do is water the expanded clay: it’s good for the begonias and the rockery on the windowsill.

Begonia is picky about little things:

• does not tolerate crowding, place plants taking into account the widest part of the plant;
• does not tolerate drafts, but requires regular ventilation;
• again, constancy - it reacts to sudden changes in temperature by shedding flowers and leaves.

How to plant begonia correctly

Before planting begonias, you need to choose a pot and stock up on soil mixture, drainage, and charcoal. Preferable, of course, is a ceramic, breathable container. We choose a pot so that there is no more than three centimeters of free space around the rhizome. A lot of loose soil around the root creates regular waterlogging, and our beauty doesn’t like this, it will be capricious and bloom poorly.

Video of planting tuberous begonia:

It is advisable to buy special soil at a flower shop (the ideal acidity for begonias is pH 5.5 - 6.5), if this is not possible, then you will have to mix:

• high peat – 1 part;
• leaf soil - 2 parts;
• sand, humus or turf soil - 1 part.

Let's start landing. This should be done in early spring, when the day has lengthened and there is sufficient light for begonias. So:

• Fill the container one-third with drainage material;
• charcoal – layer up to 3 cm (to prevent rot);
• planting material– begonia with earthen clod;
• fill the empty space with substrate and compact it;
• water and determine permanent place.

It should be noted that tuberous begonia You must first germinate at high humidity, without dripping, observing the temperature regime (16-18˚C), and then plant it in a pot. Carefully examine the tuber: the rounded side sinks into the soil, roots will grow from it, and the concave, flattened side is the top. We immerse the tuber in the soil to the middle, leaving the top open, so it will be easier for young shoots to germinate. It happens that a tuber does not germinate, so maybe it is planted upside down? When the sprouts rise by 5 cm, the plant is transplanted to a permanent place, or it is better to simply sprinkle the tuber with soil.

Caring for indoor begonia

You already understand that begonia needs to be looked after, it is moisture-loving, so the most important thing is to maintain optimal humidity. One way to increase air humidity near a plant is described above. It is also recommended to spray the air near the plants with a very fine spray bottle. It is also necessary to maintain soil moisture, but overwatering is also undesirable.

The soil in the pot must be moistened if the earthen ball has already dried out on top by 1 - 1.5 cm. On hot days in the summer, water more abundantly. Make sure that water does not stagnate in the roots. In winter, watering is significantly reduced, and for tuberous begonias it is completely stopped. Water for irrigation must be left for 24 hours. It is very important in the heat to never water the plants with cold water, since temperature changes are detrimental to the roots.
Different varieties Begonias require different types of feeding.

If we fell in love flowering varieties, then it is necessary to fertilize as follows:

• at the moment of budding - complex fertilizer For flowering plants(in liquid form) – 2 times a month;
• during the formation of the ovary - phosphorus-potassium (Bud, Ovary, Pollen).

We feed decorative deciduous begonias with nitrogen fertilizers. If you start pouring nitrogen into blooming begonias, then they may not bloom at all.
The disadvantage of begonia is that the branches can stretch, giving the bush a sloppy appearance. To eliminate this, the plant must be pinched, forming a beautiful, decorative shape.

Wintering begonias

Different types of begonias overwinter in different ways.
First, let's talk about evergreen begonias. Their transition to winter mode practically unnoticeable. We give it a little rest: reduce watering, maintain high humidity and temperature regime 15-22˚ C.

As for the tuberous begonia, it needs hibernation. We reduce watering to a minimum, then stop; the above-ground part of the plant dies. This should happen in mid-autumn. Even if it seems that the flower is feeling great and is not going to go into a dormant state, still force begonias winter holidays– stop watering and remove the above-ground part of the plant. Pots with tubers should be kept in a dark place, temperature 10-15 ˚ C.

Begonia care in spring

Before active vegetative development of begonias begins, pay attention to the bottom of the pot. If roots are sticking out of the holes, it’s time to transplant the flower into a larger pot. The principle of choosing a pot is the same: from the edges of the rhizome to the wall - no more than 2 cm. Carefully remove the plant with a lump of earth, shake off the substrate, soak the rhizome in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for about half an hour, remove rotten, dry areas of the root. Before planting, you need to rinse the root in settled water, let the root dry and plant the plant. At first, water the transplanted begonia frequently.
Young bushes survive planting with ease; more mature plants are more difficult to transplant due to overgrown, fragile foliage.

In this case, there is only one recommendation - we divide already three-year-old begonias into several parts - we rejuvenate them.
We begin to water the tuberous plants slowly, gradually increasing the amount of moisture as the shoots grow. If the tubers were not stored in a pot, then they need to be planted again.

Reproduction of begonia at home

Begonia can be propagated:

• seeds;
• dividing the rhizome or tuber;
• leaf cuttings;
• stems.

Growing begonia from seeds at home

Practice has shown that the vegetative method of propagation is simpler and more reliable. But begonia can also be grown from seeds. You don't need to know any special techniques.

• In early spring (possibly early March), we will prepare a box with a light substrate, rarely sow seeds on top, you can moisten them with a spray bottle, there is no need to dig in the seeds: just press them lightly with your palm, as if pressing them into the ground.
• Cover with glass or film and place in a warm place. Once a day, the glass must be removed, wiped from condensation, allowed to breathe, and kept the soil moist.

• After the shoots appear, we remove the shelter, and when 3-4 true leaves appear, we dive the seedlings into pots. Picking is the same as for any seedlings: you should carefully pick up the plant with a lump of earth (it’s convenient to do this with a dessert fork or toothpick) and move it to a hole in a separate glass, sprinkle it on it and lightly press the substrate. Sprinkle with warm water.
• After a couple of months, the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. It is advisable to deepen the seedlings a little to obtain additional roots. Again, it's worth keeping lighting in mind. If the seedlings stood on one window, and the transplanted plants were placed on another, then the flower may become capricious, or even lose its leaves.

How to sow begonia seeds, watch the video:

Begonia can be propagated by dividing the rhizome or tuber:

• At the beginning of March, we carefully remove the plant from the pot, cut it into several parts, so that each part has roots, and always one or more buds.
• As usual, we treat the cuts with ground charcoal and let them dry a little, leaving them in the shade for 3-4 hours.
• The divisions are planted in such a way that they are not buried more than half their height. And only when rooting occurs (will it be visible intensive growth shoots), the tuber is completely covered with earth to the base of the sprouts.

To propagate begonia, simply cut the tubers with a knife, leaving one sprout for each cut.

Dividing begonia tubers is useful not only for obtaining new planting material. This is very useful for renewal and rejuvenation of plants. If the begonia is already about four to five years old and it has become less pleasing with flowering, do not be lazy and divide the tuber. Get new plants and stunning beauty on the windowsill: there will be much more color, it will become not only abundant, but also more elegant.

By the way, usually there are only two divisions: it’s easier not to injure the sprouts, and the plants get enough nutrients in the tuber, plus the area of ​​damage is smaller and the risk that the tuber will rot is lower.

Propagation of begonias by cuttings

The most popular vegetative method is propagation by cuttings.

• We cut the cuttings for propagation with a sharp knife from an adult begonia so that each has 3-4 leaves.
• We treat the cuts with charcoal to prevent rotting.
• Such cuttings can be rooted in water or planted in a soil mixture of sand, peat and leaf soil in equal parts.
• Moisten moderately and regularly (the soil should have time to dry 1-2 cm between waterings), protect from direct sunlight.
• Usually the cutting takes root within a month.

Begonia propagation by leaf

An interesting way is to use begonia leaves. Used for begonias with large, thick leaves. Let's calcinate clean sand in advance. A good, healthy begonia leaf is planted in the prepared soil mixture. Some gardeners recommend completely cutting off the stem of the leaf and its lower part. Sometimes a circle is cut out in the center and buried in the ground with the cuts down. After planting, water regularly through a tray. You will have to wait about two months before the roots appear, then young plants will sprout, which over time must be replanted like ordinary seedlings.

It’s hard to believe, but even by cutting one leaf into several parts, in two months you can get full-fledged seedlings; you just need to plant these pieces in the ground!

Diseases and pests of domestic begonia

At home, begonia can be affected by the following diseases:

• powdery mildew (false or true);
• gray rot;
• black root rot.

As you know, powdery mildew appears as a white coating on the leaves. If the disease is not recognized in time, it will develop very quickly and the plant will die. The reason for this problem is excess humidity in the air and soil at high temperatures.

Treatment methods:

• remove affected areas;
• reduce watering;
• try to reduce the temperature;
• treat with fungicide ( Bordeaux mixture, Topaz...)

Rots also appear when high humidity, as well as insufficient ventilation. The methods of control are similar, plus regular ventilation.

For the prevention of such diseases, in addition to proper care can be sprayed healthy plants protective fungicides.
As for pests, begonia is most often damaged by:

• red spider mite;
• nematode.

You can get rid of mites and aphids in 2-3 weeks by treating them with Karbofos or Aktelik once a week.
A plant affected by nematodes will have to be thrown out; this disease cannot be treated.

Why do begonia leaves dry and other care problems?

• The leaves dry out (starting from the tips). This occurs at low air humidity. It can be eliminated using already known methods: place containers of water nearby, build an expanded clay humidifier tray, and regularly spray the air around the plant. Let us remind you that the plants themselves are not sprayed to avoid the appearance of brown spots on the leaves and rotting.
• The leaves are falling off. There may be several reasons: first they dry out and curl up - elevated temperature, wither and rot - excess moisture, thin stems and few leaves - lack of lighting.
• Pale, rotting leaves occur with excess moisture;
• Yellowing leaves - little light, unregulated humidity, low temperature for the plant.
• Brown spots on the leaves, and then a gray coating - this is gray rot.
• A powdery, unpleasant coating and unhealthy appearance is powdery mildew.
• The plant sheds buds and flowers in response to drafts, sudden changes in temperature, dry air or excessive watering.
• Yellow spots and rings appear quite rarely - this is cucumber mosaic or tomato spotting. You will have to say goodbye to such plants.

Types and varieties of begonias with photos and names

Due to the huge number and varieties of begonias, there are several classifications based on different criteria:

• according to the characteristics of the underground part - rhizomatous, tuberous and superficial rhizomatous;
• according to the presence of flowering - into decorative deciduous and decorative flowering;
• or according to several characteristics - decorative deciduous, bushy, tuberous.

Another popular classification:

• bushy begonia with erect bamboo-like shoots;
• begonia with thick rhizomatous lodging or recumbent shoots;
• begonia with flexible drooping or creeping shoots;
• ancestors of beautiful flowering begonias.

For indoor floriculture use another classification of begonias:

• decorative flowering indoor begonias;
• decorative deciduous indoor begonias;
• decorative flowering potted begonias.

Consider deciduous begonia and its types

Begonia rex Begonia rex ‘China Curl’ photo

Royal Begonia or Rex Begonia (Begonia rex)

One of the most interesting begonias that came to us from East India. It is distinguished by large (30 cm long, 20 cm wide), leaves, bare or with a slight edge, asymmetrical. The shape of the leaf resembles a heart, the edges are wavy and uneven. The color of the leaf can be brown with a bronze tint, red, purple, with spots of silver. On its basis, many decorative-deciduous hybrids have been bred.

Silver Greenheart– irregular heart-shaped leaves. The main tone is silver, along the edges it is bright green with silver streaks.

Cartagena– the leaf is wrapped like a shell, round in shape, dark green. In young plants, the middle of the leaf and the edges are brown, and later become dark plum. From the middle to the edge of the leaf: silvery spots with a pink tint are scattered on a green background.

Chocolit Cream– leaves are silvery with a pink tint, the center is dark spot purple, shape – spiral.

Hallelujah– a soft purple sheet with multi-colored inserts: the center and edge are dark wine color, the middle is green with small silver splashes. At the base the leaves are twisted into a spiral.

Evening Glow- bright, medium-sized leaves with a crimson center and the same edges. From the center to the edge they are decorated with a greenish-brown mesh.

Charm– large green leaves curl in a spiral, starting from the cuttings. The leaf surface is painted with dark brown veins and small whitish spots.

November cold– is of interest to beginning flower growers, as it is one of the most unpretentious begonias. The main tone of the leaf is silver, and the center, edges, and veins are dark burgundy.

Royal begonia Silver Corkscrev silver korkscrev photo

Silver Corscrew– solid leaves of a silvery tone are characteristically twisted into a spiral. The veins are raised, green. The plant is neat, reaches a height of 40-45 cm.

Black Fang- a star of stars. It is striking in its original coloring: a red-black leaf with lemon-yellow veins is twisted into a double spiral at the base. It delights with its unsurpassed quality, especially if kept in a well-lit place.

Mason's Begonia Iron Cross Begonia Iron Cross (Begonia masoniana) photo

Iron cross – distinguishing feature– a window in the form of a Maltese cross of dark brown color, itself sheet plate- deep pink shade.

Royal begonia African jungle photo Begonia rex ‘African Jungle’

African jungle- dark green leaf with burgundy veins. The window (center) and edges are pale pink, and there are also droplets of the same color.

Vesuvius- the dark red leaf of the leaf is bordered by a stripe of bright red splashes.

Royal Begonia Mary Christmas Begonia rex ‘Curly Merry Christmas’ (=Begonia ‘Merry Christmas Corkscrew’)

Mary Christmas– the massive leaf is three-colored: the central window is pink, then silver, and along the edge is bright light green.

Daemon– bright begonia in green tones. The olive center is shaded with a silver outline, followed by a narrow emerald stripe. There is a green frill along the edge. Plant height – up to 50 cm.

Begonia bowerae ‘Tiger’

Tiger begonia, or Bauer's begonia (Begonia bowerae)- homeland Mexico. The creeping plant does not exceed 25 cm in height. The leaves are light green, spotted. The back side of the leaf is pubescent. Throws out inflorescences light Pink colour, faded, drooping. It is rare in the natural environment, but thanks to the work of breeders, interesting hybrids have been developed.

Cleopatra– the color of the leaves is brownish-green (depending on the lighting), the edges of the leaves are jagged, the leaves are reddish below. Easily propagated by rooted shoots.

Tiger– low begonia (10 cm), creeping stems, velor, bronze leaves, brown streaks along the veins, reddish petioles.

Coral begonia (Begonia corallina)

A subshrub, native to Brazil, at home grows up to 1 m. Stems without leaves, straight, like bamboo. Impressive leaves measuring 20x7 cm. The leaves are dark green on top with white speckles, light green below (in summer they can acquire a red tint). Racemose inflorescences of coral shades look impressive against the background of greenery. Coral begonia looks most interesting not on, but on low stands. In general, this is a luxurious decoration for the home.

The best varieties:

President Carnot– on a dark green leaf there are white inclusions, the leaf blade at the base has cuts. Giant leaves - length up to 30 cm, width - 15 cm;

Alfalfa– large green leaves with jagged edges and a red back.

Caroline begonia (Begonia carolineifolia)- originally from Mexico, but has long been used for home floriculture. It has a thick (up to 4 cm) creeping stem, leaves are palmately dissected in diameter - 35 cm. The flowers are greenish-pink, collected in loose racemes. Begonia usually blooms in February.

Begonias everblooming

Ever-flowering begonia (Begonia semperflorens) is a medium-sized bush, no higher than 60 cm. When young, it has erect shoots; when mature, the stems take on an ampelous shape. The leaves are round, green and sometimes red, with a pubescent edge. The flowers are simple and double, about 2 cm in size, painted in white, pink and red tones.

The inflorescences are short-lived, wither quickly, but the next ones bloom immediately. To maintain constant flowering, it is recommended to immediately remove faded ones. At good care Begonia can bloom in winter. It is necessary to extend daylight hours (there are special biolamps). With age, it loses its attractiveness, so it is necessary to renew it from cuttings every 2-3 years.

Here are examples of well-known varieties of ever-flowering begonia:

Carmen, Ambra– begonias of medium height with many pink flowers, brown leaves.

Orange- a low bush, green leaves edged with red, orange flowers.

Bicola– reaches a height of 14 cm, decorated with white flowers with a pink edge against a background of green foliage.

Fuchsiform– inflorescences resemble fuchsia;

Gustav Knaake– plant height up to 30 cm, green leaves with red edges, bright red inflorescences, flowers up to 3 cm in diameter.

Begonia x elatior

The leader among domestic begonias. The hybrid reaches 40 cm in height, blooms elegantly and profusely against the backdrop of bright, glossy foliage. Common varieties:

Louise– light beige flowers have a pink tint;

Begonia Renaissance Begonia elatior ‘Renaissance Eden’ photo

Renaissance– terry variety – red flower petals are ruffled, tall plant;

Rose– speaks for itself, double flowers of a classic deep pink color, reminiscent of roses;

Piccora – low-growing variety, double flowers, deep pink;

Schwaberland- a tall bush with small red flowers.

Begonia x tuberhybrida pendula

So far we have talked about begonias that decorate window sills, flower stands, shelving, in general, our house, the inside of our apartment. However, in the spring-summer period, you really want to decorate it outside. The ampelous begonia with its drooping shoots, which cascade down and are decorated with many flowers, is perfect for this. The colors will also please you. This is white, yellow, pink, red, orange in its pure form, and more often a combination of them. There are simple and terry, small, medium or large.

Let's consider several varieties of this species:

Christie– a fairly branched bush with large white flowers, hanging shoots, up to 40 cm;

Gail– spreading begonia with large (up to 3 cm) semi-double flowers of a pale pink tone, stem length about 30 cm, green foliage;

Kati– spreading begonia, insufficiently strong shoots grow up to 30 cm, blooms with large yellow flowers;

Roxana– a neat, dense bush with hanging shoots reaching 40 cm in length, orange flowers up to 4 cm in diameter;

Chanson– excellent begonia with double flowers. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter come in white, pink, red, and carmine shades.

We will also present several varieties of decorative flowering begonias:

Gold Dress- a branched bush, not very wide, with huge flowers up to 20 cm in diameter against a background of bright light foliage. The flowers are also yellow, double, pink-shaped;

Harlequin- a sprawling bush with magnificent twelve-centimeter flowers. The yellow ruffled petals end in a red edge. Plant height 25 cm;

Camellia Flora– a compact upright plant with pink camellia-shaped flowers;

Dark Red– dark red, this is exactly the color of double flowers, shaped like peony flowers, size – no more than 10 cm. A small (about 15 cm) semi-spreading bush has light green foliage;

Admi Jean Bard– minimalistic begonia with bright orange flowers, collected in inflorescences of 5 pieces, its leaves are small, green;

Crispa Marghinata– a low bush (up to 15 cm) has large white or yellow flowers 12 cm in size with a pink border, the sheets are folded, green with purple edges;

Marmorata– the spreading bush has double flowers of bright red color with white streaks;

Diana Vinyard– terry begonia 20 cm high. Large white flowers 20 cm in diameter have folded wavy petals;

Feuerflamme– crimson veins are visible on the green foliage, semi-double, orange flowers.

Benefits of growing begonias at home:

• air humidity increases, which has a beneficial effect on the skin;
• Begonia absorbs harmful substances from the air, thereby purifying the air. Used as an “antimicrobial” agent, it reduces the content of staphylococci in the air by 80%;
• the plant contains organic acids and tannins, which have antiallergic and antiseptic properties;
• It is useful to have begonia at home for smokers and people suffering from chronic bronchitis;
• the immunity of people living in the apartment increases;
• begonia eliminates the feeling of fatigue and restores performance;
• reduces nervous tension.

IN folk medicine begonia infusion is used to treat alcoholism. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of crushed leaves with a tablespoon of olive oil, leave for 2 hours and take orally. Do this three times a day for a month.

For treating wounds and burns: wash and dry leaves through a meat grinder, squeeze out the juice, dilute with water 1:1 and make compresses. The juice can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than three days.

Plant energy

Begonia is a kind of energy filter: it absorbs all the energy in a row and releases only positive energy. Royal begonia will help speed up the pace of your life and give you determination. In general, begonia is a plant for businessmen and promotes successful trade deals.

Begonia is also useful for sentimental people; it makes them more balanced and not prone to depression.
Begonia also helps to “collect thoughts in a heap”, accept correct solution.
Grow this beautiful plant, good luck!

Begonia feels good in a lit room, but in diffused light or partial shade. It is best to keep it on the windowsills of eastern and western windows, with additional lighting in winter.

Begonia should be watered regularly and abundantly, but excess water should be drained from the pan. In summer you can water a couple of times a week, and during the peak of the heat - every day. From October, watering is needed only when the soil dries out; in winter, the least amount of water is needed until March, when the intensity of watering can be increased again.

Conditions that begonia prefers

Home care involves creating high humidity and moderate temperature. Humidity can be ensured by placing wet peat in a saucer or adding pebbles and pouring water. Evaporation will give necessary for the flower humidity.

The soil in which begonia is planted must be nutritious and consist of leaf soil with the addition of peat and black soil. Drainage is provided with a layer of coarse sand, then sheet soil is laid, and the upper part of the pot is filled with peat mixed with black soil. In spring and summer, it is time to fertilize the plant, using complete mineral fertilizer.

The flower needs to be replanted every two or three years, when the roots no longer fit and a new pot is needed. When replanting, the roots must be washed and inspected; if rotten ones are found, cut them out. The plant is placed on a layer of expanded clay and coarse sand and sprinkled with soil. The first time after transplantation, you need to water the begonia abundantly.

In order for the plant to bloom longer, the first female flowers must be removed. In order for tubers to form, it is necessary to prevent flowering in the fall by removing the buds. Tubers are needed in particular for reproduction.

Begonia can be propagated vegetatively - by leaves and stems, as well as tubers and seeds. You can take cuttings in summer or spring by taking a cutting from a stem or using a strong leaf. The planted cuttings are kept in a dark place. Rooting will take one to two months.

Propagation by seeds is done in winter. They are laid on the surface of the soil and pressed into it. 10-15 days later, seedlings may appear, which dive and, together with the soil, are transplanted into pots. By August, young plants may begin to bloom.

In cold weather, begonia forms tubers, which are stored in sand in winter at a temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius. Planting takes place in spring. The tuber is half immersed in the soil and kept in the dark for several weeks, moderately moistened. After the shoots appear, the tuber is sprinkled with earth and the pot is transferred to light and warmth.

Begonia varieties

An ordinary begonia - indoor or garden - is divided into many different types. There are also those that do not bloom, but have decorative leaves. Thus, royal begonia has large leaves, up to 30 cm in length, in the shape of hearts or spirals, like snails.

Begonia ever-blooming fully lives up to its name and blooms all year round. She has beautiful red-green and multi-colored leaves. small flowers. Tuberous begonias are very beautiful, and ampelous varieties are used in vertical gardening: its flowering shoots descend from hanging pots.

The plant may become sick due to improper care behind him. Pay close attention to the symptoms and take action. You can already imagine how to care for begonia at home:

• the leaves turned brown along the edges and began to fall off - a clear lack of watering and humidity;
• paleness of the leaves indicates a lack of light;
• fungal damage - excess moisture and low temperature;
• Dry air leads to powdery mildew.

Under these conditions, aphids and spider mites also multiply. Pests must be controlled with special compounds.

Begonia: the basics of successful care.

The most popular decorative foliage and decorative flowering plant is begonia. It perfectly absorbs toxic substances and helps cleanse the bronchi. In addition, the flower helps create a good mood. How to care for begonia at home?

How to care for begonia

Today, more than 900 varieties and types of flowers, about 2000 hybrids, are known. All crops for cultivation are divided into 2 groups - flowering (tuberous, bushy, evergreen) and deciduous. Caring for begonias at home is simple and unpretentious. The plant does not need frequent replanting and a certain temperature. To prevent the flower from blooming prematurely, you should adhere to certain rules:

• moisten the soil daily in extreme heat;
• create optimal temperature;
• the pot must be placed on a saucer with peat and periodically moistened;
• water in summer 2 times in 5 days;
• The plant should be fed once every 2 weeks after flowering;
• reduce watering to a minimum in winter.

Most popular blooming view The plant is begonia Elatior, which is distinguished by its long flowering time and a wide variety of shades. Under proper conditions, the plant can bloom almost continuously all year round. The flower loves light very much, although it cannot withstand direct rays of the sun, so it is necessary to place the pot on a north window. If you have Elatior begonia, home care should be as follows:

• placement near front door;
• you will need loose, breathable soil;
• overmoistening is unacceptable;
• It is better that the transplant is carried out a month after purchase;
• daily spraying with warm water is necessary.

Begonia Rex

A hybrid species of the family, Rex or royal begonia, comes from India. The small fleshy stem of the plant is strewn with reddish bristles. The leaves are large, pointed, asymmetrical, and have a serrated edge. Rex does not require special conditions, but to save bright color necessary:

• use soil with medium acidity;
• avoid stagnation of water;
• choose a wide pot with drainage holes;
• water regularly and moderately with settled water;
• Place the plant on a west-facing window with diffuse sunlight.

A subspecies of tuberous plants, ampelous begonia, is often used for vertical gardening. Hanging shoots 50 cm long are usually strewn with many crimson, white, yellow, and orange flowers. For the plant to bloom well, it is necessary:

• place the flower in the sun, but so that the rays are diffused and not direct;
• water the pot abundantly and regularly;
• ensure that the soil remains slightly acidic, i.e. constantly introduce nitrogenous fertilizers;
• Watering closer to autumn should be gradually reduced to moderate;
• ventilate the room.

Begonia coral

This perennial, like coral begonia, is capable of reaching room conditions 90 cm high and 50 cm wide. This variety has pink flowers, straight bare stem, leaves – green with silvery splashes. To beautiful flowering plant felt great, it should be in soil that allows moisture and air to pass through. You also need:

• choose the right durable pot (it is better to buy a clay one);
• In summer, water abundantly and regularly;
• avoid direct rays of the sun; only in winter should you place the flower pot in the window, because lack of light will cause the leaves to fade;
• To maintain humidity, you need to spray the air around the plant.

Variety leafy plants is Fista or red-leaved begonia. The flower has a short green stem, long smooth leaves, which are red on the inside. With proper care it can become a bush plant. Flower needed:

• provide compost soil for planting;
• reduce watering in winter to once every 10 days;
• in summer it is necessary to periodically spray the air around the pot with water;
• Find a place in the house with diffused bright light.

Begonia tiger

The indoor plant, tiger begonia, attracts attention with its compactness and beauty. Like hogweed, it belongs to the decorative group and is valued for the uniqueness of its leaves. White small flowers appear only in winter; some gardeners prefer to remove them, because... they have no aesthetic value. The plant is not capricious, but there are features that help the flower feel comfortable:

• to prevent the leaves from drying out, the flowerpot must be placed on a tray with wet expanded clay;
• the air temperature should be +18 in winter, no more than 22 in summer;
• Direct sunlight should be avoided; it is better to place the pot on a north window;
• It is necessary to water as the soil dries out, and the water should be warm and settled.

The mesmerizing Mason begonia is considered the most beautiful representative of the decorative deciduous species. On its heart-shaped terry leaves there is an image of a five-fingered dark cross. In summer and spring, small emerald-colored flowers appear on the bush. To make the plant comfortable, it is necessary:

• protect it from drafts;
• systematically water and moisten the soil;
• monitor the drying of the soil;
• provide the tree with dense diffused light;
• make sure that moisture does not get on the leaves;
• create additional care using artificial lighting.

Begonia Cleopatra

A lover of diffused, rich lighting, Cleopatra begonia or American maple has olive-colored leaves and an erect branching stem. Like the collar and cuff species, this plant does not tolerate dry air and excessive watering. For proper development, you should regularly rotate the bush so that the sides receive uniform light. Rules of care:

• the plant cannot tolerate stagnant moisture, because the whole thing may rot root system;
• Watering should only be done with warm, settled water;
• Cleopatra loves a damp atmosphere, but does not tolerate moisture on the leaves.

Begonia - reproduction

Many gardeners are often interested in how to propagate begonia and grow it? Plants are planted with tubers and seeds and propagated vegetatively - by dividing the bush, cuttings of stems and leaves. The most common propagation is cuttings. This method is used in spring and summer: the stem cutting must be at least 7 cm, the planting material must be planted in a moistened substrate immediately after cutting. Place the container with the cuttings in a dark place. After 60 days, the plant will take root and can be replanted.

To propagate tuberous species, you need to take tubers or seeds. For this:

• in the fall, tubers should be removed from the ground;
• cut off the entire sheet;
• clean the roots;
• place peeled tubers in peat;
• The temperature should be approximately 11 degrees.

Begonia - diseases

• Powdery mildew. At the same time, it appears on the leaves white coating, which is constantly growing. The flower may even begin to shed its leaves. Causes: low humidity air, heat.
• Gray rot. The leaves become covered with watery, sticky gray spots. Over time, they begin to curl and rot. Reasons: too much watering, high temperature, humidity.

How to water begonia

Like any subtropical plants, begonia needs high humidity, although at the same time it does not tolerate stagnant water. To provide optimal conditions For flower growth, you need to know how to water begonia:

• You can’t spray the leaves, because water can cause brown spots;
• a special humidifier should be used;
• in winter, you can place a bowl of water next to the flower;
• Watering the plant should be carried out evenly with settled water, in the morning or evening once every 3 days;
• In winter and autumn, the intensity of watering should be reduced, as a rule, to once a week.

How to plant begonia

Many gardeners are interested in the question of how to plant begonia so that it takes root well. For this indoor flower, you will definitely need nutritious soil (2 parts of leaf soil, one part each of black soil and peat). Growing a flower from seeds is troublesome, so it is better to take tubers. To do this you need:

• Place a layer of coarse river sand on the bottom of the pot;
• fill half the container with leaf soil;
• pour a mixture of black soil and peat on top;
• tubers should be planted in the soil with the convex side;
• water moderately;
• When the buds appear, you can divide the tubers into pieces and sprinkle the cuts with charcoal.

How to prune begonia

Beginning flower growers do not always know why and how to prune begonia. As a rule, this procedure is carried out to improve flowering and maintain the proportions between the crown and root system. In addition, if pruning is not done in a timely manner, the leaves will become smaller and disappear. attractive appearance. Rules for pruning a plant:

• when the flower stems reach 8 cm, the first pruning is necessary;
• The procedure is carried out with a sharp knife; scissors cannot be used, because they can injure the bush;
• To speed up healing and avoid rotting, the cut site must be treated with wood ash.

How to replant begonia

Growing begonias does not require special skills from gardeners; you just need to know certain watering rules, temperature regime and when the plant needs to be replanted. As a rule, begonias are transplanted once every three years in early March. For this procedure, you will need to purchase a new pot, which should be 2 cm larger than the previous one. Transplantation rules:

• the plant must be carefully removed from the substrate;
• clean the roots from the ground;
• place for an hour in a container with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
• remove diseased areas;
• Place a layer of expanded clay on the bottom of the pot, pour coarse sand on top;
• then place the plant in the center and carefully cover the roots with soil mixture;
• After transplantation, the flower needs abundant watering.

How to preserve begonia in winter

If you treat the plant correctly during the off-season, it will delight you with its flowering for many years. How to preserve tuberous begonia in winter? After all, this type is the most demanding in terms of content. With the onset of cold weather, the plant enters a state of dormancy. Rules for preserving a flower:

• It is not recommended to replant the plant at this time;
• watering should be reduced;
• once a day it is necessary to spray the air near the flower with water, but at the same time so that the drops do not accidentally fall on the leaves;
• on a sunny day, the plant should be placed in a window for several hours.

Video: begonia - leaf propagation

This one is amazing beautiful flower decorates the apartments of many amateur gardeners. The bright large buds of indoor begonia resemble small roses that bloom for a long time. You have a begonia, but you don’t know the rules for caring for the flower? Easy care and your care will allow you to admire the plant all year round.

How to care for begonia - choosing a place and lighting

If the place is chosen correctly, begonia will delight you with beautiful flowers. When choosing a location, consider the following points:

• the plant does not like direct sunlight. But there must be enough light. Deciduous varieties Place begonias away from windows, they love partial shade. It is recommended to place a flower pot on the window sills facing the eastern and northern parts;
• do not move the flower from one place to another. It will be destroyed by changes in lighting and temperature;
• The ideal temperature for begonia is from 18 to 22 degrees in summer. In winter - from 15 to 18 degrees;
• Flowering plants require bright lighting.

After the flowering buds wither, carefully remove them. Trim the flower itself and leave the bush five centimeters high.

How to care for begonia - proper watering and air humidity

In summer, water the begonia generously, but do not allow water to stagnate in the pot or tray. In winter, reduce watering. Tuberous varieties of the plant “sleep” in winter. Place the flower in peat and do not water at all. For watering, use slightly settled water.

Do not spray begonia, although it loves high humidity. If water gets on the sheets, they will appear. brown spots. Water carefully. To prevent the flower from disappearing from excessive dryness, help it:

• place the begonia on an inverted tray;
• place the resulting structure in a larger tray;
• spread expanded clay around the circumference and systematically moisten it. The water will begin to evaporate and this will help maintain the desired humidity balance for the flower.

How to care for begonia - feeding

Begonia needs fertilizer for long flowering and large buds. Buy a special composition designed specifically for begonias. Feed the flower once a month. If it blooms, do it more often. Deciduous varieties are not fertilized in the fall, but feed the plant that blooms in winter until flowering is completed.

Choose the right fertilizer. The fertilizer must not contain chlorine. Buy fertilizer that contains magnesium, phosphorus, iron and calcium.

How to care for begonia - transplantation and propagation

Replant your begonia in the spring. There are no special requirements for the soil, but it is advisable to use peat, leafy or garden soil, as well as sand in equal proportions. Place sand at the bottom of the pot. Replant as needed if the pot becomes small. The most comfortable pot is a clay pot. After transplanting, water the plant well and place it in the shade for 5 days. When transplanting, consider the following points:

• carefully remove the begonia from the old pot and clean the roots from the old peat;
• It is advisable to place the begonia before transplanting in water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate for several hours;
• After cleaning the roots from sand in potassium permanganate, cut off the rotten parts.

Rhizome flowers are propagated by seeds and cuttings, and tuberous flowers are propagated by dividing the tubers. The tuberous plant germinates very slowly. Do not think that it has not taken root - you will see shoots and roots appearing.

Begonia is an unpretentious flower. If you provide charming flower proper care, it will reward you with its beauty and long flowering.