Begonia- a very beautiful ornamental plant, distinguished not only by large bright flowers similar to roses, but also unusual leaves with a velvety surface, with an intricate pattern, with variegated colors. These luxurious flowers have gained wide popularity among both our gardeners and amateurs. indoor species plants. You can often find in the description such terms as beautifully flowering and decorative foliage species of begonia, although these definitions are very conditional, since among the varieties there are luxurious plants with large beautiful flowers and gorgeous large leaves of bright colors with an unusual pattern. To date, breeders have developed thousands of species, subspecies and varieties of begonias both for decorating gardens and for growing at home.

One of the most popular species among inexperienced novice gardeners are hybrids. royal begonia and tuberous begonia, which are not too demanding home care and relate to unpretentious plants. Below you will find detailed information about how to properly organize the care of these indoor plants at home.

In addition to the popular types of royal (rex) and tuberous geraniums, experts distinguish the following groups in the classification of these domestic plants: decorative deciduous, ampelous, bush, ever-flowering, thick-stemmed.
If you consider yourself a beginner gardener and are planning to start growing begonia at home, then we advise you to pay attention to tuberous begonia, caring for which does not take much time and is quite simple. Planting an Escape tuberous begonia or a small tuber with small sprouts in the substrate for growing an adult plant does not present any difficulties, so it is not at all necessary to buy an already rooted mature flower. We will tell you how to properly plant a begonia cutting or tuber, how to then care for the rooted plant, and how to fight diseases and pests.

During the flowering period of tuberous begonia, you will enjoy amazingly beautiful flowers with double petals. The color palette of flowers of this type of domestic begonia is very diverse and among the varieties of this indoor plant you will definitely find one suitable for decorating the interior of your room. By the way, blooming begonias look very advantageous against the background of such indoor plants with an unusual shape, such as ficus benjamina in the form of a tree (very similar to topiary) or dracaena marginata with elongated palm-shaped leaves, and also form an interesting composition with plants from the Crassulaceae family, such as flowering Kalanchoe or tree-like Crassula (Money Tree) . Some indoor plant lovers grow unpretentious home begonias in hanging pots or in wicker flower pots, which is an interesting find for modern phytodesign. In addition to tuberous or royal begonia, for the formation of a floral composition in phytodesign, we can recommend such domestic species as Begonia foliosa, Begonia luxurians Scheidw, Begonia conchaifolia, Begonia masoniana Irmsch). You can create a chic composition from only begonias, distinguishing plants by the color and shape of the leaves, as well as by color scheme flowers.

♦ WHAT IS IMPORTANT!

Location and lighting.

It is advisable to place domestic begonia on a floor stand for flowers on the east side or on the southwest side - closer to the window. If possible, then in winter it is advisable to move the plant to windows on the south side. To prevent begonia leaves from getting burned by direct sunlight in hot summers, it is necessary to darken them a little. window glass film or parchment paper so that diffused sunlight falls on the plant. It is worth noting that, unlike bush and hanging species, royal and tuberous varieties of begonia are less demanding of constant sunlight.

Temperature regime.

Begonia will feel comfortable at a temperature of 19-25°C in summer time(most best option- 20-23°C). In the autumn-winter season room temperature 17-23°C will allow the plant to remain healthy and hardy. However, do not allow the temperature to drop below 14°C for an extended period of time.

Air humidity.

Begonia loves high humidity(over 60%), but the plant tolerates moderate humidity levels (50-60%). The main problem is regulating humidity levels during the heating season. If there is dry air in the room where the begonia is placed, we recommend taking the following actions: pour expanded clay into a wide tray, place the pot there on a stand and regularly moisten the expanded clay; you can also place the pot in a flowerpot with gravel at the bottom (which also needs to be moistened); If possible, install a humidifier next to the plant. It is not advisable to spray begonia, as then unsightly spots appear on the leaves. Brown(but you can spray water from a spray bottle next to the plant without getting on it).

Watering.

To water the plant, use soft water that has been standing for several days. In summer, water the begonia abundantly, and pour out all the water flowing through the drainage from the pan. The frequency of watering is simply regulated: periodically check the dryness of the soil - if the soil mixture has dried a couple of centimeters deep, then it’s time for the next watering. It should be noted that tuberous geranium does not need watering in winter, since at this time the period active growth ends and the plant goes dormant. In winter, it is recommended to place tuberous species in peat.

Earth mixture and fertilizing.

You can prepare the substrate for growing home begonia yourself. To do this, pour a little coarse sand into the bottom of the flower pot, then fill it halfway with leaf soil, and then a mixture of chernozem and peat (1:1). A commercial soil mixture is also quite suitable for begonias.

If your begonia blooms in winter, then you can feed the plant throughout the entire flowering period. phosphorus fertilizers no more than once every two weeks. In spring and summer, you should feed your indoor plant with a weak solution. mineral fertilizers once every 8-10 days. Decorative deciduous species of domestic begonia are not fed at all from October to March.

Transfer.

Begonia is replanted only if the root system has grown greatly, filling almost the entire pot. The best time for transplantation is mid-spring. Very carefully you need to remove the flower from the pot, clean the roots and place the plant in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes. After this, use a sharp knife to cut off the rotten roots and treat the cut areas with crushed charcoal. We plant the begonia in a larger pot with prepared soil mixture. Begonia takes root in a new pot in about 4-5 weeks (tuberous or royal begonia takes 2-3 weeks faster). During this period, the plant should be watered frequently and placed away from direct sunlight.

Trimming.

Pruning should be done with a sharp knife immediately above the shoot, directed towards the outer side or immediately above the bud. Until the beginning of the growth period, the frequency of watering after pruning begonias should be reduced. Bush types of begonias are pruned quite strongly, as they stretch well and grow actively. Pruning of thick-trunked species is performed in rare cases in order to give the plant the desired shape. You can shorten the top of ampelous species to stimulate branching of lateral shoots. Tuberous domestic begonias and royal (Rex) hybrids do not need pruning.

Bloom.

Many types of begonia are famous abundant flowering and delight the eye with beautiful flowers of various shades. For example, the luxurious tuberous begonia variety "Everest" is famous for its large flowers, reaching a diameter of 30 cm. Typically, the flowering period of begonia begins in summer and ends in late autumn. Some species bloom in winter and even throughout the year!

Reproduction.

Cuttings. Many types of domestic begonia reproduce well using cuttings. Usually a shoot 8-10 cm long with several leaves is cut off in early spring, treat the cut site with crushed charcoal and plant it in a container with an earth mixture (peat and river sand in a 1:1 ratio). You need to water the cuttings occasionally and very carefully, as the roots can rot from excess moisture.
Tubers. The best option for propagating tuberous begonias. Before planting, the begonia tuber is divided into parts with a sharp knife and the cut areas are sprinkled with charcoal. The tuber must be cut so that each individual part has several buds for shoot growth. After this, parts of the tuber are planted in the prepared soil mixture and very occasionally watered with soft water.
Seeds. Growing begonias from seeds is quite painstaking work, requiring professional skills and experience. This is usually done by breeders who need to preserve and consolidate the varietal characteristics of a particular type of begonia.

♦ COMMON DISEASES:

Ring spot.
Signs: first, concentric lines of light green color appear on the leaves, which over time turn into necrosis - bronze formations. What to do: as a rule, indoor plants (tuberous, decorative foliage, hybrid royal begonia species) are infected by juice-sucking pests (thrips, aphids and other carriers of tomato virus). Therefore, first of all, you need to get rid of pests on your plants. Begonias affected by ring spot should be destroyed.

Bacterial spotting.
Signs: Watery spots appear on the underside of the begonia leaf blade, which turn into glassy translucent formations.
What to do: destroy the affected plant, and the remaining specimens should be sprayed with a 5% suspension of copper oxychloride once every two weeks to prevent the disease.

Gray rot.
Signs: Watery spots with a grayish coating appear on the leaves, apical shoots and flowers of an ornamental plant, and then they turn into weeping formations caused by the botrytis fungus. Mucus may appear on the inflorescences, the leaves curl and noticeably darken, and the stems become brittle.
What to do: spray the entire plant with a solution laundry soap(20 g) s copper sulfate(2-3 g) in 1 liter of soft water. If the procedure does not help, then you need to spray the begonia with a 1% solution of foundationazole.

♦ COMMON PESTS:

Aphid.
Signs: the tips of the shoots are deformed, the leaves curl, and honeydew (sticky discharge) appears.
What to do: treat the entire plant with a solution of laundry soap, covering the soil with a waterproof film.

Shield.
Signs: pale or light brown, raised, oblong spots that can be easily scraped off the leaf blade with a fingernail. Can be found on the underside of the leaf along the veins.
What to do: treat the plant with an insecticide (Aktara or Aktellik).

Spider mite.
Signs: on the underside of the leaf you can find a thin web that entangles different parts of the leaf plate.
What to do: if the cobwebs are small enough, then you can simply treat the plant with soapy water and wash it in a warm shower the next day. In case of severe damage, it is advisable to treat the begonia with an insecticide.

♦ 5 USEFUL TIPS:

in hot summer time, watering home begonia during the day is dangerous, as the procedure can lead to burns on the leaves and weakening of the root system (when water gets into the soil heated by the sun). The best option for the summer period - water the plant warm water(room temperature) early morning;

If the begonia is still very young, then to strengthen and normal development you can spray the shoots with epin or zircon;

During heating season ventilate the room often and regularly humidify the air;

Try to water the blooming begonia very carefully so as not to get water on the buds and flowers. This can cause the plant's flowers to darken and fall off.

♦ ANSWERS TO FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FOR BEGINNING FLOWER GROWERS:

Question: Why did the leaves of the tuberous begonia begin to turn yellow and fall off?
Answer: The most common reasons are unbalanced watering (taking into account the current season), as well as constant dry air. Sometimes begonia leaves fall off due to the activity of insect pests sucking the juice from the leaves.

Question: Why does an adult indoor begonia (there are already more than 6 knees on the shoot) still not bloom?
Answer: Most likely, you add fertilizer too often or the fertilizer composition is not quite correct. During the flowering period, the N:P:K ratio should be 1:1:1. More possible reasons delays in the flowering period - constant drafts, too low (or very high) room temperature, constantly dry air.

Question: Why did non-double flowers of the usual shape begin to appear on my double begonia?
Answer: This is normal. The point is that in different time On double begonia, female pistillate flowers of a regular shape appear and male staminate flowers appear double. After some time, your begonia will bloom with double flowers. By the way, you can remove female pistillate flowers so that the “double flowering” is abundant.

♦ DOMESTIC BEGONIA. PHOTOS OF SPECIES, NAMES:

♦ VIDEO. HOW TO CARE FOR BEGONIA AT HOME:

Tuberous begonia - planting a tuber in prepared soil.

Nowadays, indoor plants, including begonia, are in great demand and popularity. It can often be found among flower growers as decorative decoration at home, especially during its flowering. A little knowledge and sufficient attention will certainly bear fruit and the plant will delight its owner with multi-colored inflorescences for a long period.

Begonia belongs to the Begoniaceae genus, which has more than 800 plant species. Begonia is native to the tropics and subtropics of Asia and Africa.

All types of this indoor flower can be divided into 2 large groups: flowering and deciduous varieties. A distinctive feature of the latter are multi-colored leaves of various shapes. Among flowering plants The following varieties are popular in home floriculture:

• Begonia tuberous. The plant variety is distinguished by a variety of inflorescences. Petals can be of different colors, ranging from white to dark red. The inflorescences come in two colors at the same time and reach a diameter of 5 to 15 cm. In appearance, double flowers are very similar to roses and peonies.
• Begonia ever-blooming. The ever-blooming flower variety is the most common and can be grown both in flower beds and indoors. In apartments, this variety can produce inflorescences throughout the year. They are collected from small flowers of red, pink or white.
• Royal begonia. Distinguished and prized for the beauty of its leaves. They can be of different colors and reach a length of up to 40 cm. At the same time, the foliage can take on several shades, and even with a border of a different color along the edge.

Begonia - nuances of growing

In the first days after purchasing a plant, you need to pay more attention to it so that it decorates the house and looks healthy for several years.

To grow begonia at home, you should adhere to some rules and nuances:

1. Create favorable conditions for active flower growth.
2. Try to protect it from drafts and wind.
3. Provide optimal parameters environment in winter.
4. Try to find a suitable place for the flower so as not to disturb it.

Caring for begonia at home

Caring for begonia at home is not too complicated and involves maintaining a comfortable temperature, sufficient lighting and humidity. In order for a plant to feel comfortable at home, it is necessary to create conditions that are close to natural.

Optimal conditions of detention

• Light. The plant needs to be placed on a windowsill with plenty of light. But you should protect it from direct sunlight, especially during flowering, otherwise a burn will form on the leaves. To avoid this, it is necessary to create some shading using a curtain or blinds.
• Length of the day. A decorative growing flower requires daylight lasting up to 12-14 hours. In autumn and winter, he needs to organize additional lighting using special lamps.
• Temperature. The optimal indicator is 15-22 degrees. In winter, the favorable temperature will be 19 degrees. Severe temperature changes and drops below 14 degrees should not be allowed, otherwise the plant may lose its leaves or die.
• Humidity. It is necessary to organize this indicator at the level of 80 percent. To increase it, you can place a container filled with water next to the pot. Or you can even place a pot with a plant on the aquarium.

Important! Do not irrigate or spray the crown of the plant, otherwise spots will appear on the leaves.

Watering and fertilizing the flower

It is necessary to water the plant as the earthen clod dries.

• During the hot summer months, watering should be done daily.
• Do not over-moisten the soil to prevent the roots from rotting. Tuberous begonia is especially susceptible to rot.
• In autumn and winter, watering should be reduced to 1-2 times a week.
• It should be remembered that begonia has its own requirements for water - it must be clean, pre-settled and at room temperature.
• When watering, do not allow water to get on the leaves.

Feeding should begin during the formation of inflorescences. Liquid complex fertilizers are suitable for this. They are added along with water during irrigation. It is necessary to feed begonia in spring and summer 2 times a month. In winter, the plant does not need fertilizer.

How to care for begonia in winter?

In winter, many plants go into a dormant period, including the begonia flower.

To preserve it in winter and create suitable conditions, you must follow the following rules:

1. Equip additional lighting to provide daylight up to 14-15 hours. With a lack of light, the plant stems become elongated.
2. Provide optimal temperature conditions(18-19 degrees) and do not allow the temperature to drop below 16 degrees.
3. Reduce watering to once a week.
4. Do not place a pot with a plant near heating radiators.
5. For tuberous begonias, the humidity should be reduced in winter so that the tubers do not rot.
6. If yellowed leaves appear, you need to inspect the plant and remove the affected dry parts.

If you follow all the rules for caring for a houseplant in winter, with the onset of spring, begonia will delight the owner with its flowering, which will last until the very end of summer.

Repotting a houseplant

It is necessary to replant the plant as the root system fills the pot. Begonia has no special requirements for soil. You can buy ready-made soil or prepare it yourself. To do this, you need to mix leaf soil, sand, peat and humus in equal parts.

1. The pot must be selected larger than the previous one by 3-4 cm in diameter. It is necessary to organize good drainage at the bottom so that moisture does not accumulate there and the roots do not rot.
2. It is better to replant with the arrival of spring. The frequency of transplants is once every 2-3 years.
3. Before the procedure, the flower should be watered well to make it easier to remove it from the ground.
4. You need to remove excess soil from the roots and remove damaged parts.
5. To prevent diseases of the root system, you can place the plant in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes.
6. Carefully place the plant in a new container without damaging the roots. Lightly sprinkle with soil and compact it.

The first month after begonia transplantation requires more attention. Provide more light, abundant daily watering and a temperature of 22-23 degrees. Special conditions It is advisable to observe until the plant takes root and begins to actively grow.

Begonia propagation

Like many plants, begonia can reproduce in a variety of ways. It is best to propagate in spring or summer, during active flower growth.

The main methods of propagation of begonia:

• stem cuttings;
• seeds;
• dividing the sheet;
• dividing the rhizome;
• dividing tubers.

Cuttings are suitable for all types of begonia and are the simplest and most convenient method of propagation.

To do this you need to follow these steps:

1. Using a sharp knife, cut cuttings 10 cm long so that each has 2-3 leaves.
2. You can place the workpieces in clean, settled water until roots form. Afterwards, they are planted in a pot prepared with soil.
3. It is allowed to plant the cuttings immediately in a container with soil. Then you need to cover it with polyethylene on top.
4. After new leaves appear, the bag is removed and the cutting is transplanted to permanent place.

The propagation method by dividing the leaf is suitable if you need to get more planting material.

• To do this, use a sharp knife to cut a large sheet into several parts so that each has a central vein.
• After dividing, the parts should be placed in a box on top of the soil, pressing down lightly. You can push them a little deeper into the ground.
• The top of the box is covered with film or glass. Daily ventilation is carried out.
• When the seedlings take root, they are transplanted to a permanent place.

The seed method is more troublesome. Sowing must begin in early February so that the seedlings have time to grow and become stronger by the winter.

• First, prepare boxes with soil, onto the surface of which the seeds are evenly distributed.
• They are sprinkled on top with a thin layer (about 0.2 cm) of earth.
• The boxes are covered with film or glass.
• Every day you should moisten the soil with a spray bottle so as not to “wash” the seeds, and also ventilate them.
• When shoots appear, the film must be removed.

To propagate a flower by dividing the rhizome, you need to remove it from the ground, use a sharp knife to divide the roots into several parts and plant them in containers prepared with soil. And for tuberous begonia species, propagation by dividing the tubers is suitable. It begins with the onset of spring. The tuber must be cut into several parts so that each has 1 bud. Tuber pieces are planted in separate pots.

Pest and disease control

In indoor conditions, like many plants, begonia can be susceptible to diseases and pests.

The most common diseases are:

• gray mold;
• powdery mildew;
• root rot.

To combat diseases, it is necessary to treat the plant with fungicides, reduce humidity and reduce the amount of watering.

The main pests include:

• whitefly;
• false shield;
• spider mite;
• nematodes;
• thrips.

When insect pests appear on the bush, it is necessary to treat it with insecticides and remove all affected parts. Otherwise, you will have to get rid of the flower so that pests do not colonize healthy plants.

Main problems when growing

When growing begonia indoors, some problems may arise if the agrotechnical requirements for caring for it are not followed.

1. Rooting of roots and stems occurs due to frequent watering.
2. If leaves fall in winter, it means the room temperature is low.
3. Has the ever-blooming begonia stopped blooming or slowed down? This indicates insufficient feeding with nutrients.
4. Dry and withered leaves talk about dry air and insufficient humidity.
5. The leaves turn yellow if there is not enough watering and the temperature in the room is low.

To avoid problems with growing the discussed indoor flower, you need to give it a little time and care. Then it will delight you all year with its flowering and colorful inflorescences and leaves. At the slightest appearance of pests, it is necessary to act urgently so that the plant does not die.

Begonia is a very beautiful and amazing flower that captivates gardeners with its magical shape and varied flower colors. These flowers can be seen in almost every home and personal plot. They decorate various recreation areas, squares, parks, apartments and balconies. Let's take a closer look at the most common types of begonias and their brief descriptions.

Begonia, like all plants, requires attention and care. Timely watering and fertilizing are necessary. She loves bright sun, especially during the flowering period, as well as high air humidity, since she first appeared and grew in tropical conditions. In general, caring for begonias is not difficult, the main thing is not to miss the main points in caring for the flower.. Maintaining the temperature regime and proper lighting will allow begonias to bloom their beautiful flowers, which you can admire for a long time.

Everblooming

The flower is also called always blooming. It got its name due to its long flowering time. Begonia is presented in the form perennial shrub , which has a thick, large stem, and the leaves have a delicate and smooth surface.

The inflorescences are represented by flowers in white, red and pink shades. The inflorescence itself is located on high peduncles. The male flower has four petals, while the female flower has three petals.. The seeds ripen and are stored in dark brown boxes.

Approximately 600 varieties have already been bred from the Ever-blooming begonia, which have different plant heights, the color of the leaf blades and the flowers themselves. These varieties are mainly represented by heterotic hybrids. These are short-growing hybrids with a height of 15 to 20 centimeters, medium-growing ones from 20 to 30 and tall ones, whose height reaches 50 centimeters..

Lianovaya

Begonias of this species are very powerful and large plants. The length of such a flower can reach up to three meters. Its tenacious shoots always stretch upward and cling to all sorts of parts of any material, living and inanimate. The flowering is simply amazing in its beauty. But due to the large length of the plant in indoor conditions, this begonia is not to everyone’s taste.

Deciduous

Deciduous or decorative foliage does not have aboveground shoots. The leaf blades of this plant grow directly from the spreading root. Name this type received for its beautiful and multifaceted leaves, which differ in color and shape. On them you can see different spots of different colors and shapes, and sometimes they are just plain.

Royal (Rex)

Rex is one of the hybrid plant species. The leaves reach a length of thirty centimeters, and the edges are jagged. The shape can be oval or round. Their color can be purple, brown-pink, or violet. The leaves of the plant always have a very beautiful border, which decorates the plant with its silver, green or white color.

Metallic or Metallica

The leaves of this species are usually up to 15 centimeters long. They are covered with olive-green pubescence. The shape is ovoid, and the edges are jagged. Due to the characteristic color and unusual coating, the leaves seem to be covered with a metallic coating.. When exposed to direct sunlight and bright daylight, the leaves reflect it and shine gracefully.

Bauer (Brind)

The second name of this plant is Bauer's begonia.

This is one of the most beautiful views decorative deciduous begonias. The stem is straight and branched. The length of the leaves can reach up to seven centimeters. Their shape resembles a heart, only slightly beveled and pointed at the tip. Color - brown-olive, which is covered with white spots. That is why tiger begonia That's what it's called.

The flower of this variety does not tolerate direct sunlight. Feels good indoors. During the winter months, it is better to reduce the temperature.

Watering should be done directly into the soil. Water should not get on the leaf blades of the flower. You need to water systematically, but moderately, so that water does not stagnate. To increase the air humidity around the begonia, you can place a vessel filled with water.

Mason ( Begonia M asoniana)

Place of growth: New Guinea. On the leaves there is an amazing pattern in the form of a Maltese cross. The drawing is brown, and the color itself is green. Can grow up to 20 centimeters in length. The height of the plant is 20 - 35 centimeters. The flowers are usually small and beige in color.

Cleopatra ( Cleopatra)

The leaves of this flower are similar to maple. Therefore, this variety is considered very decorative. The color of the leaves differs from different sides. The outer side is painted olive or bright greenish, and the lower side is red and burgundy.. The leaves are located on fleshy and long stalks, which are covered with white or gray hairs. This differentiates this flower from other varieties.

The bush of the plant can reach a height of 30 to 50 centimeters. Cleopatra usually blooms from January to February. When the plant begins to bloom, it extends flower stalks on which whitish-pink small flowers are located.

Collar

It is also called cuff begonia. The plant is native to Mexico. The plant has a creeping stem, the leaves are large and grow up to 30 centimeters in diameter, covered with villi. The cuttings of the leaf blades are long, which are surrounded by a cuff of red hairs. At home, they bloom in winter, forming approximately five peduncles that grow about 60 centimeters in length. Flowers formed into a brush Pink colour.

Bush

Bush begonias have a fairly branched and articulated stem, which is similar to the stem of bamboo. Grows as a bush from which many side shoots grow. The shape of the leaves and color are varied. The blooms are very beautiful with graceful flowers. The root system is thick and fleshy and does not separate.

The peculiarity of bush begonias is that they bloom throughout the year.

Among the varieties of this species there are both annuals and perennials. The height of the plant is quite large and at optimal conditions can reach up to two meters.

The most common varieties of bush begonia are:

Coral

The stems of this plant are straight and bare, the length of which reaches from 0.5 to one meter. They have a heterogeneous color on different sides. Green color on outside covered with silver specks. back side The leaf blade is dark red. The flowers are small, but the inflorescences are dense.

Fuchsia

The flower has highly branched tall stems that can grow up to one meter in height. The leaves are oval, the surface is glossy green.. Fuchsia begonia flowers have many different shades of red. But the flowers are sparse and droop heavily.

Tuberous

This species has tuber-shaped rhizomes. Stems are tall, about 80 centimeters, fleshy. Flowers come in both single and double types, they are similar to flowers of roses, peonies, carnations and camellias. Flowers can be arranged singly or in inflorescences, small and large. Their diameter is usually 3-20 cm.

Tuberous begonia can be ampelous, shrubby or herbaceous. The leaves are heart-shaped, matte, glossy, flat and corrugated. They have shades of green, light and dark tones. It blooms in May and until October, it looks very beautiful.

The most common varieties:

• Picotee Harlequin (Picotee)
• Bouton de Rose
• Dak Red (BegoniaDark Red)
• Crispa Marginata

Begonia Bouton de Rose Begonia Picotee Harlequin

Blooming begonia

This group includes many varieties that are able to bloom during the summer months. However, their flowering is not affected by weather conditions.

The most popular varieties:

• Baby Wing
• Ambassador
• Cocktail
• Gloire de Lorraine
• Competitor
• Marina
• Rosemary

One of the famous varieties is hybrid Elatior. It was bred by crossing tuberous and Socotran species. Elatior can bloom almost all year round. Because of this ability, it is called winter begonia. The plant is small, approximately 40 cm in height, the stems are thick and bright, the leaves are glossy. Their length can reach up to 8 centimeters, in the shape of an uneven heart. The pedicels are long, on which castings grow.

According to the height of the bush, they are divided into three types:

• tall – up to 40 cm
• medium – up to 30 cm
• short – up to 25 cm

Hogweed

It is popular among gardeners and summer residents. The plant is large, up to 40-50 centimeters in height.. The stem is creeping and fleshy. The leaves are about 30 centimeters long, green in color (dark or light).

The flowers are pink or white, collected in a raceme that reaches 50 cm in length. Blooms from February to April, with peak flowering in the spring and summer months.

The hybrid variety Hogweed is red leaf begonia. This herbaceous plant, which usually spreads along the ground. The stem is shortened.

Slightly rounded leaves, quite large, the length and width of which range from 10-15 cm and 8-10 cm, respectively. The outside is glossy green and the inside is red.

Flowering begins from December to June. The flowers are small, white with a pink tint.

Yellow

This is a subshrub whose height is from 40 to 50 centimeters. The shoots are recumbent, the rhizome is thick. Cuttings are pubescent. Large leaves grow up to 20 cm in length and up to 15 cm in width.. The tips are pointed and the edges are jagged.

Flowers in inflorescences are dull yellow. Yellow begonia is used to produce hybrids. Varieties are developed by both breeders and amateur gardeners.

Griffin ( Gryphon)

This species is one of the newest and most popular hybrids.

The plant is quite large. Height can reach forty centimeters. The leaves of the flower are wide and distinguished by their decorative effect.

Indoor begonia Bovera

This is an indoor or house plant. Counts decorative look. The leaves are dark green, palmately divided. The fingers are distinguished by green spots. Cuttings, pubescent and low.

Flowering occurs with the arrival of spring. Flowers in white and pink tones. Care for this plant is minimal. Feels good at home. But, as with most flowers, in order to establish long-term flowering it is necessary to maintain optimal temperature conditions and maintain air humidity. Reproduction does not require much effort; even a novice gardener can handle it.

You need to replant once a year.

Also applies to indoor Red begonia. Plant for room conditions quite large, but looks impressive. The leaves are shiny and smooth, ovate.

The inflorescences are collected in a panicle, the flowers are bright red.

Terry Pink

Small plant up to 20 centimeters. The flowers are pink and double. Flowering is abundant from July days until frost.

To achieve long-lasting flowering, it is necessary to remove faded flowers. Thus, the plant will not waste energy on the formation of seeds, but will direct it to the formation of new flowers.

If you want begonia of this variety to bloom earlier, then you can plant the tuber at home in a pot with a sterile substrate (peat, coconut substrate, perlite, etc.) to the depth of tuber embedding.

Such begonias will look good on the balcony.

Begonia is a plant that has won the hearts of many gardeners and breeders. It gained its popularity due to its long flowering period (some varieties bloom all year round), a huge variety of plant sizes, leaf colors and, of course, the flowers themselves. That's why Currently, the world's leading breeders are still creating more and more new varieties and hybrids. And everyone else can only admire and admire the beauty of the amazing begonia.

During the times of great travels and discoveries, it was customary to create entire expeditions to search for unknown species animals and plants. In the 17th century, during such an expedition to the Antilles, the monk Charles Plumier discovered six species of incredible beautiful flowers. He named them begonias - after his friend Mission Begon (the governor of Haiti). This flower, amazing in its beauty and diversity, is known even to a novice gardener. Begonias are found both in garden and indoor floriculture.

This article is devoted to breeding and caring for begonia at home. We will focus on issues of reproduction, care features, begonia varieties and methods of protection against diseases and their prevention.

Begonia forms the most significant genus of the Begoniaceae family. It unites at least a thousand plant species. They can be found in the highlands (3–4 km above sea level), in the subtropics and in tropical rainforests. There is an opinion that the birthplace of begonias is Africa, and then they spread to Asia, America, India, and Sri Lanka. The basis for this judgment is that more than 30% of all begonia species still grow on the “dark” continent.

How to describe begonia - it has so many faces...

Begonia ever-blooming Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum photo

The source of more than 2000 newly created begonia hybrids is from natural 1000 varieties. They differ in shape, color of leaves and flowers. This greatly complicates the task of describing the genus as a whole. Begonias are classified according to different characteristics, for example, there are annual and perennial, rhizomatous and tuberous, decorative deciduous and decorative flowering, deciduous and evergreen, tall and creeping. Therefore, read the description of begonia by type below, in the section on varieties and types of begonias.

Home begonia - choosing a place

Begonia's motto is consistency; it hates changing location. Choose a well-lit place for it, not in direct sunlight, preferably eastern or western windows (window sills). The desired temperature is around 18˚C in winter and summer. Of course, in summer the temperature will be higher, but begonia can withstand it, the main thing is air humidity.

Begonia is a tropical plant, natural environment is in a humid climate, so you will have to regularly humidify the air. It is not recommended to spray directly on the plant - brown spots appear on the leaves; you need to place the flowerpots on a tray with wet expanded clay: the water will evaporate, creating constant humidity. All you have to do is water the expanded clay: it’s good for the begonias and the rockery on the windowsill.

Begonia is picky about little things:

• does not tolerate crowding, place plants taking into account the widest part of the plant;
• does not tolerate drafts, but requires regular ventilation;
• again, constancy - it reacts to sudden changes in temperature by shedding flowers and leaves.

How to plant begonia correctly

Before planting begonias, you need to choose a pot and stock up on soil mixture, drainage, and charcoal. Preferable, of course, is a ceramic, breathable container. We choose a pot so that there is no more than three centimeters of free space around the rhizome. A lot of loose soil around the root creates regular waterlogging, and our beauty doesn’t like this, it will be capricious and bloom poorly.

Video of planting tuberous begonia:

It is advisable to buy special soil at a flower shop (the ideal acidity for begonias is pH 5.5 - 6.5), if this is not possible, then you will have to mix:

• high peat – 1 part;
• leaf soil - 2 parts;
• sand, humus or turf soil - 1 part.

Let's start landing. This should be done in early spring, when the day has lengthened and there is sufficient light for begonias. So:

• Fill the container one-third with drainage material;
• charcoal – layer up to 3 cm (to prevent rot);
• planting material – begonia with an earthen clod;
• fill the empty space with substrate and compact it;
• water and place it in a permanent place.

It should be noted that tuberous begonia must first be germinated at high humidity, without dripping, observing temperature regime(16-18˚С), and then planted in a pot. Carefully examine the tuber: the rounded side sinks into the soil, roots will grow from it, and the concave, flattened side is the top. We immerse the tuber in the soil to the middle, leaving the top open, so it will be easier for young shoots to germinate. It happens that a tuber does not germinate, so maybe it is planted upside down? When the sprouts rise by 5 cm, the plant is transplanted to a permanent place, or it is better to simply sprinkle the tuber with soil.

Caring for indoor begonia

You already understand that begonia needs to be looked after, it is moisture-loving, so the most important thing is to maintain optimal humidity. One way to increase air humidity near a plant is described above. It is also recommended to spray the air near the plants with a very fine spray bottle. It is also necessary to maintain soil moisture, but overwatering is also undesirable.

The soil in the pot must be moistened if the earthen ball has already dried out on top by 1 - 1.5 cm. On hot days in the summer, water more abundantly. Make sure that water does not stagnate in the roots. In winter, watering is significantly reduced, and for tuberous begonias it is completely stopped. Water for irrigation must be left for 24 hours. It is very important not to water the plants in hot weather. cold water, since temperature changes are detrimental to the roots.
Different varieties begonias require different types fertilizing

If we fall in love with flowering varieties, then we need to fertilize as follows:

• at the moment of budding - complex fertilizer for flowering plants (in liquid form) – 2 times a month;
• during the formation of the ovary - phosphorus-potassium (Bud, Ovary, Pollen).

We feed decorative deciduous begonias nitrogen fertilizers. If you start pouring nitrogen into flowering begonias, they may not bloom at all.
The disadvantage of begonia is that the branches can stretch, giving the bush a sloppy appearance. To eliminate this, the plant must be pinched, forming a beautiful, decorative shape.

Wintering begonias

Different types of begonias overwinter in different ways.
First, let's talk about evergreen begonias. Their transition to winter mode practically unnoticeable. We give it a little rest: reduce watering, maintain high humidity and a temperature of 15-22˚ C.

As for the tuberous begonia, it needs hibernation. We reduce watering to a minimum, then stop; the above-ground part of the plant dies. This should happen in mid-autumn. Even if it seems that the flower is feeling great and is not going to go into a dormant state, still force begonias winter holidays– stop watering and remove the above-ground part of the plant. Pots with tubers should be kept in a dark place, temperature 10-15 ˚ C.

Begonia care in spring

Before active vegetative development of begonias begins, pay attention to the bottom of the pot. If roots are sticking out of the holes, it’s time to transplant the flower into a larger pot. The principle of choosing a pot is the same: from the edges of the rhizome to the wall - no more than 2 cm. Carefully remove the plant with a lump of earth, shake off the substrate, soak the rhizome in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for about half an hour, remove rotten, dry areas of the root. Before planting, you need to rinse the root in settled water, let the root dry and plant the plant. At first, water the transplanted begonia frequently.
Young bushes survive planting with ease; more mature plants are more difficult to transplant due to overgrown, fragile foliage.

In this case, there is only one recommendation - we divide already three-year-old begonias into several parts - we rejuvenate them.
We begin to water the tuberous plants slowly, gradually increasing the amount of moisture as the shoots grow. If the tubers were not stored in a pot, then they need to be planted again.

Reproduction of begonia at home

Begonia can be propagated:

• seeds;
• dividing the rhizome or tuber;
• leaf cuttings;
• stems.

Growing begonia from seeds at home

Practice has shown that the vegetative method of propagation is simpler and more reliable. But begonia can also be grown from seeds. You don't need to know any special techniques.

• In early spring (possibly early March), we will prepare a box with a light substrate, rarely sow seeds on top, you can moisten them with a spray bottle, there is no need to dig in the seeds: just press them lightly with your palm, as if pressing them into the ground.
• Cover with glass or film and place in a warm place. Once a day, the glass must be removed, wiped from condensation, allowed to breathe, and kept the soil moist.

• After the shoots appear, we remove the shelter, and when 3-4 true leaves appear, we dive the seedlings into pots. Picking is the same as for any seedlings: you should carefully pick up the plant with a lump of earth (it’s convenient to do this with a dessert fork or toothpick) and move it to a hole in a separate glass, sprinkle it on it and lightly press the substrate. Sprinkle with warm water.
• After a couple of months, the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. It is advisable to deepen the seedlings a little to obtain additional roots. Again, it's worth keeping lighting in mind. If the seedlings stood on one window, and the transplanted plants were placed on another, then the flower may become capricious, or even lose its leaves.

How to sow begonia seeds, watch the video:

Begonia can be propagated by dividing the rhizome or tuber:

• At the beginning of March, we carefully remove the plant from the pot, cut it into several parts, so that each part has roots, and always one or more buds.
• As usual, we treat the cuts with ground charcoal and let them dry a little, leaving them in the shade for 3-4 hours.
• The divisions are planted in such a way that they are not buried more than half their height. And only when rooting occurs (will it be visible intensive growth shoots), the tuber is completely covered with earth to the base of the sprouts.

To propagate begonia, simply cut the tubers with a knife, leaving one sprout for each cut.

Dividing begonia tubers is useful not only for obtaining new planting material. This is very useful for renewal and rejuvenation of plants. If the begonia is already about four to five years old and it has become less pleasing with flowering, do not be lazy and divide the tuber. Get new plants and stunning beauty on the windowsill: there will be much more color, it will become not only abundant, but also more elegant.

By the way, usually there are only two divisions: it is easier for the sprouts not to be injured, and the plants get enough nutrients in the tuber, plus the area of ​​damage is smaller and the risk that the tuber will rot is lower.

Propagation of begonias by cuttings

The most popular vegetative method is propagation by cuttings.

• We cut the cuttings for propagation with a sharp knife from an adult begonia so that each has 3-4 leaves.
• We treat the cuts with charcoal to prevent rotting.
• Such cuttings can be rooted in water or planted in a soil mixture of sand, peat and leaf soil in equal parts.
• Moisten moderately and regularly (the soil should have time to dry 1-2 cm between waterings), protect from direct sunlight.
• Usually the cutting takes root within a month.

Begonia propagation by leaf

An interesting way is to use begonia leaves. Used for begonias with large, thick leaves. Let's calcinate clean sand in advance. A good, healthy begonia leaf is planted in the prepared soil mixture. Some gardeners recommend completely cutting off the stem of the leaf and its lower part. Sometimes a circle is cut out in the center and buried in the ground with the cuts down. After planting, water regularly through a tray. You will have to wait about two months before the roots appear, then young plants will sprout, which over time must be replanted like ordinary seedlings.

It’s hard to believe, but even by cutting one leaf into several parts, in two months you can get full-fledged seedlings; you just need to plant these pieces in the ground!

Diseases and pests of domestic begonia

At home, begonia can be affected by the following diseases:

• powdery mildew (false or true);
• gray rot;
• black root rot.

As you know, powdery mildew appears as a white coating on the leaves. If the disease is not recognized in time, it will develop very quickly and the plant will die. The reason for this problem is excess humidity in the air and soil at high temperatures.

Treatment methods:

• remove affected areas;
• reduce watering;
• try to reduce the temperature;
• treat with fungicide ( Bordeaux mixture, Topaz...)

Rots also appear when high humidity, as well as insufficient ventilation. The methods of control are similar, plus regular ventilation.

For the prevention of such diseases, in addition to proper care You can spray healthy plants with protective fungicides.
As for pests, begonia is most often damaged by:

• red spider mite;
• nematode.

You can get rid of mites and aphids in 2-3 weeks by treating them with Karbofos or Aktelik once a week.
A plant affected by nematodes will have to be thrown out; this disease cannot be treated.

Why do begonia leaves dry and other care problems?

• The leaves dry out (starting from the tips). This occurs at low air humidity. You can already fix it by known methods: Place containers of water nearby, build an expanded clay humidifier tray, and regularly spray the air around the plant. Let us remind you that the plants themselves are not sprayed to avoid the appearance of brown spots on the leaves and rotting.
• The leaves are falling off. There may be several reasons: first they dry out and curl up - elevated temperature, wither and rot - excess moisture, thin stems and few leaves - lack of lighting.
• Pale, rotting leaves occur with excess moisture;
• Yellowing leaves - little light, unregulated humidity, low temperature for the plant.
• Brown spots on the leaves, and then a gray coating - this is gray rot.
• A powdery, unpleasant coating and unhealthy appearance is powdery mildew.
• The plant sheds buds and flowers in response to drafts, sudden changes in temperature, dry air or excessive watering.
• Yellow spots and rings appear quite rarely - this is cucumber mosaic or tomato spotting. You will have to say goodbye to such plants.

Types and varieties of begonias with photos and names

Due to the huge number and varieties of begonias, there are several classifications based on different criteria:

• according to the characteristics of the underground part - rhizomatous, tuberous and superficial rhizomatous;
• according to the presence of flowering - into decorative deciduous and decorative flowering;
• or according to several characteristics - decorative deciduous, bushy, tuberous.

Another popular classification:

• bushy begonia with erect bamboo-like shoots;
• begonia with thick rhizomatous lodging or recumbent shoots;
• begonia with flexible drooping or creeping shoots;
• ancestors of beautiful flowering begonias.

For indoor floriculture use another classification of begonias:

• decorative flowering indoor begonias;
• decorative deciduous indoor begonias;
• decorative flowering potted begonias.

Consider deciduous begonia and its types

Begonia rex Begonia rex ‘China Curl’ photo

Royal Begonia or Rex Begonia (Begonia rex)

One of the most interesting begonias that came to us from East India. It is distinguished by large (30 cm long, 20 cm wide), leaves, bare or with a slight edge, asymmetrical. The shape of the leaf resembles a heart, the edges are wavy and uneven. The color of the leaf can be brown with a bronze tint, red, purple, with spots of silver. On its basis, many decorative-deciduous hybrids have been bred.

Silver Greenheart– irregular heart-shaped leaves. The main tone is silver, along the edges it is bright green with silver streaks.

Cartagena– the leaf is wrapped like a shell, round in shape, dark green. In young plants, the middle of the leaf and the edges are brown, and later become dark plum. From the middle to the edge of the leaf: silvery spots with a pink tint are scattered on a green background.

Chocolit Cream– leaves are silvery with a pink tint, the center is a dark spot purple, shape – spiral.

Hallelujah– a soft purple sheet with multi-colored inserts: the center and edge are dark wine color, the middle is green with small silver splashes. At the base the leaves are twisted into a spiral.

Evening Glow- bright, medium-sized leaves with a crimson center and the same edges. From the center to the edge they are decorated with a greenish-brown mesh.

Charm– large green leaves curl in a spiral, starting from the cuttings. The leaf surface is painted with dark brown veins and small whitish spots.

November cold– is of interest to beginning flower growers, as it is one of the most unpretentious begonias. The main tone of the leaf is silver, and the center, edges, and veins are dark burgundy.

Royal begonia Silver Corkscrev silver korkscrev photo

Silver Corscrew– solid leaves of a silvery tone are characteristically twisted into a spiral. The veins are raised, green. The plant is neat, reaches a height of 40-45 cm.

Black Fang- a star of stars. It is striking in its original coloring: a red-black leaf with lemon-yellow veins is twisted into a double spiral at the base. It delights with its unsurpassed quality, especially if kept in a well-lit place.

Mason's Begonia Iron Cross Begonia Iron Cross (Begonia masoniana) photo

Iron cross – distinguishing feature– the window in the form of a Maltese cross is dark brown, the leaf plate itself is a deep pink shade.

Royal begonia African jungle photo Begonia rex ‘African Jungle’

African jungle- dark green leaf with burgundy veins. The window (center) and edges are pale pink, and there are also droplets of the same color.

Vesuvius- the dark red leaf of the leaf is bordered by a stripe of bright red splashes.

Royal Begonia Mary Christmas Begonia rex ‘Curly Merry Christmas’ (=Begonia ‘Merry Christmas Corkscrew’)

Mary Christmas– the massive leaf is three-colored: the central window is pink, then silver, and along the edge is bright light green.

Daemon– bright begonia in green tones. The olive center is shaded with a silver outline, followed by a narrow emerald stripe. There is a green frill along the edge. Plant height – up to 50 cm.

Begonia bowerae ‘Tiger’

Tiger begonia, or Bauer's begonia (Begonia bowerae)- homeland Mexico. The creeping plant does not exceed 25 cm in height. The leaves are light green, spotted. The back side of the leaf is pubescent. It produces light pink, faded, drooping inflorescences. It is rare in the natural environment, but thanks to the work of breeders, interesting hybrids have been developed.

Cleopatra– the color of the leaves is brownish-green (depending on the lighting), the edges of the leaves are jagged, the leaves are reddish below. Easily propagated by rooted shoots.

Tiger– low begonia (10 cm), creeping stems, velor, bronze leaves, brown streaks along the veins, reddish petioles.

Coral begonia (Begonia corallina)

A subshrub, native to Brazil, at home grows up to 1 m. Stems without leaves, straight, like bamboo. Impressive leaves measuring 20x7 cm. The leaves are dark green on top with white speckles, light green below (in summer they can acquire a red tint). Racemose inflorescences of coral shades look impressive against the background of greenery. Coral begonia looks most interesting not on, but on low stands. In general, this is a luxurious decoration for the home.

The best varieties:

President Carnot– on a dark green leaf there are white inclusions, the leaf blade at the base has cuts. Giant leaves - length up to 30 cm, width - 15 cm;

Alfalfa– large green leaves with jagged edges and a red back.

Caroline begonia (Begonia carolineifolia)- originally from Mexico, but has long been used for home floriculture. It has a thick (up to 4 cm) creeping stem, leaves are palmately dissected in diameter - 35 cm. The flowers are greenish-pink, collected in loose racemes. Begonia usually blooms in February.

Begonias everblooming

Ever-flowering begonia (Begonia semperflorens) is a medium-sized bush, no higher than 60 cm. When young, it has erect shoots; when mature, the stems take on an ampelous shape. The leaves are round, green and sometimes red, with a pubescent edge. The flowers are simple and double, about 2 cm in size, painted in white, pink and red tones.

The inflorescences are short-lived, wither quickly, but the next ones bloom immediately. To maintain constant flowering, it is recommended to immediately remove faded ones. With good care, begonia can bloom in winter. It is necessary to extend daylight hours (there are special biolamps). With age, it loses its attractiveness, so it is necessary to renew it from cuttings every 2-3 years.

Here are examples of well-known varieties of ever-flowering begonia:

Carmen, Ambra– begonias of medium height with many pink flowers, leaves are brown.

Orange- a low bush, green leaves edged with red, orange flowers.

Bicola– reaches a height of 14 cm, decorated with white flowers with a pink edge against a background of green foliage.

Fuchsiform– inflorescences resemble fuchsia;

Gustav Knaake– plant height up to 30 cm, green leaves with red edges, bright red inflorescences, flowers up to 3 cm in diameter.

Begonia x elatior

The leader among domestic begonias. The hybrid reaches 40 cm in height, blooms elegantly and profusely against the backdrop of bright, glossy foliage. Common varieties:

Louise– light beige flowers have a pink tint;

Begonia Renaissance Begonia elatior ‘Renaissance Eden’ photo

Renaissance– terry variety – red flower petals are ruffled, tall plant;

Rose– speaks for itself, double flowers of a classic deep pink color, reminiscent of roses;

Piccora – low-growing variety, double flowers, deep pink;

Schwaberland- a tall bush with small red flowers.

Begonia x tuberhybrida pendula

So far we have talked about begonias that decorate window sills, flower stands, shelving, in general, our house, the inside of our apartment. However, in the spring-summer period, you really want to decorate it outside. The ampelous begonia with its drooping shoots, which cascade down and are decorated with many flowers, is perfect for this. The colors will also please you. This is white, yellow, pink, red, orange in its pure form, and more often a combination of them. There are simple and terry, small, medium or large.

Let's consider several varieties of this species:

Christie– a fairly branched bush with large white flowers, hanging shoots, up to 40 cm;

Gail– spreading begonia with large (up to 3 cm) semi-double flowers of a pale pink tone, stem length about 30 cm, green foliage;

Kati– spreading begonia, insufficiently strong shoots grow up to 30 cm, blooms with large yellow flowers;

Roxana– a neat, dense bush with hanging shoots reaching 40 cm in length, orange flowers up to 4 cm in diameter;

Chanson– excellent begonia with double flowers. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter come in white, pink, red, and carmine shades.

We will also present several varieties of decorative flowering begonias:

Gold Dress- a branched bush, not very wide, with huge flowers up to 20 cm in diameter against a background of bright light foliage. The flowers are also yellow, double, pink-shaped;

Harlequin- a sprawling bush with magnificent twelve-centimeter flowers. The yellow ruffled petals end in a red edge. Plant height 25 cm;

Camellia Flora- compact upright plant with pink flowers camellia-shaped;

Dark Red– dark red, this is exactly the color of double flowers, shaped like peony flowers, size – no more than 10 cm. A small (about 15 cm) semi-spreading bush has light green foliage;

Admi Jean Bard– minimalistic begonia with bright orange flowers, collected in inflorescences of 5 pieces, its leaves are small, green;

Crispa Marghinata– a low bush (up to 15 cm) has large white or yellow flowers 12 cm in size with a pink border, the sheets are folded, green with purple edges;

Marmorata– the spreading bush has double flowers of bright red color with white streaks;

Diana Vinyard– terry begonia 20 cm high. Large white flowers 20 cm in diameter have folded wavy petals;

Feuerflamme– crimson veins are visible on the green foliage, semi-double, orange flowers.

Benefits of growing begonias at home:

• air humidity increases, which has a beneficial effect on the skin;
• Begonia absorbs harmful substances from the air, thereby purifying the air. Used as an “antimicrobial” agent, it reduces the content of staphylococci in the air by 80%;
• the plant contains organic acids and tannins, which have antiallergic and antiseptic properties;
• It is useful to have begonia at home for smokers and people suffering from chronic bronchitis;
• the immunity of people living in the apartment increases;
• begonia eliminates the feeling of fatigue and restores performance;
• reduces nervous tension.

IN folk medicine begonia infusion is used to treat alcoholism. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of crushed leaves with a tablespoon of olive oil, leave for 2 hours and take orally. Do this three times a day for a month.

For treating wounds and burns: wash and dry leaves through a meat grinder, squeeze out the juice, dilute with water 1:1 and make compresses. The juice can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than three days.

Plant energy

Begonia is a kind of energy filter: it absorbs all the energy in a row and releases only positive energy. Royal begonia will help speed up the pace of your life and give you determination. In general, begonia is a plant for businessmen and promotes successful trade deals.

Begonia is also useful for sentimental people; it makes them more balanced and not prone to depression.
Begonia also helps to “collect thoughts in a heap”, accept correct solution.
Grow it beautiful plant, Good luck!

The begonia family is the most diverse and numerous in the entire vast and densely populated kingdom of indoor plants. Begonia is a kind of all-rounder. It has wonderful flowers and incredibly decorative leaves. It can enliven a large hall and decorate a bookshelf or festive table. After all, this plant family unites crumbs that fit in a glass and giant bushes that occupy entire walls. Begonia can grow all year round on a windowsill and bloom in the garden in summer. People have been closely acquainted with this queen of flowers for more than 300 years. And to this day flower growers never tire of admiring beautiful begonia. Caring for the plant is not difficult at all.

Difficulties in describing begonia

The first scientist to describe begonia was Michel Begon. It was his name that was immortalized by the incredible tropical flower. The new plant was found at the end of the 17th century in the Antilles. Then an ever-flowering relative of the Antillean begonia was discovered in the forests of Brazil, a royal begonia was discovered in India, and the first tuberous species is of South American origin.

At first, begonia was bred only in winter gardens and greenhouses. But breeders were so captivated by the many-sided and pliable plant that they somehow quietly bred about 2 thousand hybrid varieties. Among them there are those that can live in the garden, and those that are registered on the windowsill. There are begonias that bloom all year round, and without flowers at all, completely falling asleep in winter, and evergreen, miniature and huge, ampelous and upright. As they say, there is a begonia for every taste, even the most demanding. But all, sometimes not very similar, begonias have several common characteristics:

• the presence of unisexual flowers arranged in groups (usually 1 female and 2 male);
• fleshy stems;
• asymmetrical leaves.

Professionals have adopted a classification of begonias by root type:

• tuberous, they bloom beautifully and spend the dormant period in the form of a tuber (begonia elatior);
• with a thickened rhizome that is easily divided, these are species with variegated leaves (royal begonia);
• bushy plants that do not reproduce by division of the root (begonia everblooming).

This method of classification is complex and not always convenient. In amateur floriculture, begonias are usually divided according to the type of plant use: decorative flowering pots, decorative leaves and decorative flowering indoors.

Decorative flowering potted begonias usually have a tuberous root; the stems can be straight and drooping in ampelous forms. The leaves are succulent, often single-colored, jagged or wavy along the edges. These begonias are bred to produce wonderful blooms.

The flowers are striking in color: different shades of white, yellow, pink, red, orange - there are two-color varieties. The shape is also varied: simple, semi-double, terry. The peculiarity of this group is that after flowering the plant is either thrown away or sent to rest: the tuber is dug up and stored.

Decorative leaf begonias will not please you with flowers. But beautiful, abundant foliage will decorate your home all year round. And the choice of leaves is huge. Size - from one and a half to 35 cm.

The shape is an asymmetrical heart, an elongated oval, something like a grape leaf or star. Texture - smooth and glossy, matte, with hairs or warty. Variegated coloring includes the entire spectrum of greens, red, yellow and orange with transitions and halftones, spots and specks.

Begonia leaves contain phytoncides. They purify and heal the air and destroy harmful microorganisms. Begonia is especially effective against staphylococcus.

Decorative flowering begonias are evergreen plants that combine the beauty of leaves and bright, although not as magnificent as tuberous, flowering. These are tall bushes (up to one and a half meters) or hanging forms. The beauty of plants is that they do not need rest, but grow and often bloom all year round.

Begonia is not the most capricious flower; caring for it is not difficult if you know its habits. And they are not so exotic for a tropical woman. The only difficulty is fiddling with the tubers.

Begonia helps improve immunity and performance, and also helps relieve fatigue. This flower is planted not only at home, but also in the office. Begonia activates and enhances mental activity.

And it must also be said that begonias are not long-lived plants. They will not live next to you for 10 years, like a ficus or palm tree, they are too delicate. But begonia reproduces easily and willingly. So you can always continue the life of your favorite flower in its offspring.

Some members of the begoniaceae family

Begonia is almost a thousand full-fledged species and two thousand hybrids. And the selection continues, new varieties of this tropical plant appear every year. With fuller flowers, brighter leaves and improved performance. But there are basic varieties that have already proven themselves well in cultivation. Most of us have been familiar with many of them, for example, royal begonia, since childhood. Let us tell you in more detail about the most famous varieties of this plant:

• Royal begonia is a typical representative of the decorative foliage group, originally from India. The plant is distinguished by large (about 30 cm) brightly colored leaves. The color changes from rich green to red-brown. Leaf plate characteristic shape: asymmetrical heart or snail. The edge has uneven serrations. Royal begonia hybrids vary in color: there are red-yellow, mint green, and chocolate brown leaves. The flowers are inconspicuous and are recommended to be removed.
• Among the variegated begonias there are ampelous ones, for example, imperial. Its medium-sized (10 cm) leaves have a red underside and a velvety green-white upper side. This begonia does not bloom; the variety is bred for its abundant and beautiful foliage.
• Begonia everblooming is a root-forming and bushy variety. It is cultivated as a garden and indoor plant. At home, this begonia is ready to bloom all year round. It has small (5 cm) shiny rounded leaves. Flowers up to 2.5 cm in diameter are single or double, red, pink, white.
• Begonia coral belongs to the upright, evergreen and root varieties. Its shoots grow up to 2 meters and often need support. The leaves are elongated, white and silver spots are scattered across the green field. The plant blooms all year round; a panicle of 30–60 small coral-colored flowers blooms on the peduncle.
• Tuberous begonia has simple or double flowers, at least 5 cm in size. The shape resembles a rose, carnation or peony. They can be white, pink, yellow, red or orange, or a combination of these colors. The leaves are brittle with a serrate edge of medium size (from 10 to 25 cm).
• The ampelous variety of tuberous begonia is drooping, it has thin and long (up to half a meter) hanging stems and peduncles. They bloom in clusters of white, pink and orange rather large (5 cm) flowers. This species needs rest after a period of growth. aboveground part dies.
• Another ampelous variety - begonia sisolifolia - belongs to evergreens. Its red-pink flowers are much smaller (1.5 cm), but bloom in winter, when tuberous begonia does not grow.
• High begonia (elatior) is a tuberous hybrid that can only grow indoors. The stems of the plant are thin and fragile reddish in color. The leaves are shiny and rounded. Elatior blooms in autumn and winter. The flowers are large, about 5 cm. The petals can be white, yellow, red or orange; in some varieties they combine two colors.
• Begonia Borias is an elatior hybrid. Her bush blooms with double flowers. The color of the petals is two-tone. The soft pink or red cherry color is replaced by a white edging from the center of the inflorescence to the edges.

What types of begonia are there: elatior, coral, ampelous and others (photo)

Begonia high (elatior)

Video: Conditions and care of begonia

Conditions for different begonias (table)

Such diverse begonias require different conditions. But there are still a few general requirements for all forms of this plant. Begonias, without exception, love warmth. Therefore, they take root well in our heated apartments. Begonias will prefer medium-intensity, diffused lighting. Extremes (shade or bright sun) are not for these beauties. But they want higher humidity. Just don’t try to spray the begonia, it won’t like it.

Season	Lighting	Humidity	Temperature
Spring	The best place to grow is on the east and west sides. All begonias prefer bright, indirect light. Shade from midday sun. Protect decorative leaf forms especially from direct sun.	High. But you can only spray the air around the plant. Water should not get on leaves and flowers. Place the pot with begonia in damp peat, on a tray with wet pebbles. Place a humidifier nearby.	Moderate, 18–20 degrees.
Summer			Moderate and slightly higher, +20–25°С. Protect from heat and temperature changes.
Autumn
Winter	It is useful to expose it to the sun for several hours in the morning or evening. On cloudy days, add artificial lighting.	High. Humidify the air in all ways except spraying the flower. Do not place the plant near heating devices.	Moderate, slightly cool. It should not fall below +15°C.

Planting rules: from choosing a pot to subsequent care

Variegated begonia varieties are replanted every year. In a cramped pot, bright foliage becomes pale. Evergreen begonias should be rehoused as needed once roots have grown into drainage holes. And tuberous plants are planted in a new substrate after a dormant period.

Begonias quickly grow lush greenery and bloom profusely. For this you need loose and rich soil, it should be neutral or slightly acidified. Good drainage is also important; allocate about a quarter of the pot’s volume to it. Approximate soil compositions:

• ready soil for begonias;
• a mixture of two parts of leaf soil and one each of peat and chernozem;
• into two shares of dark peat, one each - turf and leaf soil, as well as coarse sand.

The soil substrate must be sterilized to destroy pests and infections. To do this, heat it in the oven or pour it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (half a gram of powder per 1 liter).

It is better to choose a ceramic pot for variegated and evergreen varieties. It is heavier and will not tip over as the plant grows larger. In addition, ceramics is a breathable and porous material, which means that moisture will not stagnate at the roots. And begonias really like this. For hanging plants choose hanging baskets or flowerpots. Choose a pot for tuberous begonia from any material. Its size determines how large the plant will be. But you should not take a container larger than 20 cm in diameter. So, step by step instructions:

1. Begonias, except for tuberous ones, are usually transplanted in the spring.
2. Prepare the soil, drainage and pot; rinse it with boiling water.
3. Place drainage (expanded clay, pebbles, polystyrene foam, broken brick) at the bottom, and a little soil substrate on top.
4. Carefully remove the begonia from the old pot and examine the roots. If there are any rotten ones, remove them and sprinkle the cuts with coal.
5. Place the plant in a new pot, spreading out the roots.
6. Add soil and tamp it down lightly.
7. Water the plant with softened water. Place it in a shaded place.

Don’t rush to replant a newly purchased flowering begonia. This will shorten the flowering time. Replanting is needed only when the roots of the flower emerge from the drainage holes. Pick a pot a couple of centimeters larger than before.

How to plant tuberous begonia?

1. Scald the container and sterilize the soil and drainage.
2. Place a drainage layer on the bottom.
3. Fill the container about three-quarters full with soil and moisten it.
4. Place the tuber with its indentation facing up on wet soil and cover it with dry soil so that the top of the tuber is halfway above the ground.
5. Press the tuber slightly into the soil and compact it around.
6. Place the pot in a cool, dark room.
7. Water moderately, but do not allow it to become overwatered.
8. After a few weeks shoots should appear.
9. When sprouts appear, cover the tuber completely with soil.
10. Transfer the pot to a warm, illuminated place.

Video: Transshipment (transplantation) of begonias - master class

How to care for a plant at home

Caring for all varieties of begonias includes: general principles. For example, beautiful tropical women are afraid to get their feet wet, especially in a cool room. In other words, plants cannot tolerate excess moisture at the roots. This can make tender begonia seriously ill, and lush greenery is susceptible to rot.

Begonias do not respond well to diets. Blooming beauties spend a lot of energy and are not averse to eating. Evergreen begonias, which bloom almost without interruption, simply need adequate nutrition.

Watering and fertilizing: how much, how and why

During growth and flowering, begonias want to drink a lot. In spring and summer, water them twice a week, when it is very dry and hot - daily. In autumn, reduce the volume and frequency of watering, and in winter, limit yourself to the minimum.

But even in summer, make sure that from watering to watering the earthen substrate dries out to about 1 cm deep. Pour water carefully, trying not to get on the stems. But in tuberous begonias, moisture should not get on the tuber. It is cup-shaped and water can accumulate in this recess. As a result, the rhizome easily rots. According to some gardeners, begonias will benefit from a slight moisture deficit. They believe that it is necessary to water the plant when the leaves are slightly withered.

Water for begonias should be lukewarm and soft. After watering, be sure to drain the excess from the tray.

Actively growing and flowering begonias love feeding

From a lack of nutrients, the bright begonia becomes poorer, weaker and wither. Fertilizer manufacturers have taken this feature into account; in stores you can find nutritional complexes designed specifically for begonias. But they will also fit universal fertilizers for flowering or decorative foliage plants. Choose those with more phosphorus. Actively growing begonia should be fed approximately once a week, sometimes twice. With the arrival of autumn, fertilizing should be reduced for most varieties, and completely stopped by winter. But if begonia blooms in winter, do not leave it without food.

How to make an unpretentious beauty bloom

Begonias (especially tuberous ones) have amazing flowers. They can look like roses or carnations, fuchsias or violets. How to ensure that flowering becomes lush and long?

Flower growers know one secret: when the buds have just appeared and have grown slightly, they must remove the female inflorescences and leave the male ones. They are easy to distinguish. The male ones are larger and double, while the female ones are non-double with a three-lobed seed capsule located on the peduncle behind the bud, close to it. As flower growers say, this operation significantly improves flowering.

But sometimes begonia completely refuses to bloom or collects buds and drops them. What is the reason? There may be several problems:

• begonias have little light;
• low air humidity;
• too high or, conversely, low temperature;
• temperature changes, drafts;
• hard irrigation water;
• nutritional deficiency;
• the plant did not rest during the dormant period;
• It's time to rejuvenate the begonia.

Analyze the living conditions of your pet, if you find errors, correct them.

Be sure to remove faded inflorescences. This way you will prolong flowering and make it more lush. Also remove old damaged leaves; thanks to this cleaning, the begonia will grow more greenery.

But it happens that flowering must be artificially stopped. If the grower wants to get quality tubers by next year, the new buds that appear in September should be removed. Then the plant tuber will gain strength.

By the way, until quite recently it was believed that faded tuberous begonia should be thrown into the trash. Allegedly, she is no longer any good. Now flower growers have learned to successfully preserve tubers by giving them a period of rest, and then plant them again and enjoy flowering.

Rooted evergreen and decorative-leaved begonias retain variegated leaves during the dormant period, and sometimes continue to bloom. Only by observing the plant can you notice that it has slowed down its growth. At this time, it is necessary to limit watering and stop feeding. Although, if begonia blooms wildly, it is worth feeding it with fertilizer; it is applied no more than once a month. During the dormant period, the plant literally wants peace. It does not need to be disturbed, rearranged or turned. Surround your begonia with warmth and wait for spring.

But tuberous begonias go into deep hibernation after flowering. This does not necessarily happen in winter. Modern varieties They can bloom in the cold season and rest in spring or autumn. At this time, the tubers are stored in peat without watering. You can, of course, just throw away the faded plant, but try to revive the begonia. How to save it:

1. When the green part of the plant begins to die off, limit watering, a little moisture is enough.
2. Wait for the above-ground part to dry, cut it off. Nutrients have already become a tuber.
3. Keep the tuber in the soil for about half a month.
4. Remove the tuber from the soil and wrap it in sphagnum moss or peat. You can bury it in disinfected sand.
5. Store the tuber at a temperature of +3 to +5ºC, the humidity should be slightly higher than in the room. Suitable places are a cellar or refrigerator (compartment for fresh vegetables).
6. If the wintering went well, after 2-3 months the begonia will make it clear that it is ready to be reborn to a new life. Eye shoots will appear on the tuber.
7. Plant the tuber in a nutrient substrate.

If the tuber is large and has several healthy eye buds, before planting you can start propagating and get new begonias.

Video: Peace and awakening of tuberous begonia

Care errors, diseases and pests: causes and solutions

Begonia is a rather delicate plant. It cannot be classified as a very patient and strong flower. The reaction to neglecting the rules of care will be sad: the begonia may get sick, lose leaves, lose buds, or be attacked by pests.

Let's consider typical problems and ways to eliminate them.

Table: Begonia health problems, treatment methods and prevention

Video: Treatment of sick begonia

How to propagate indoor begonia?

There are several ways to get new begonias. Tuberous plants reproduce by dividing the tuber. Decorative foliage and evergreen by cuttings of leaves and stems. Constantly flowering varieties can also be grown from seeds.